A

PROJECT REPORT
ON
“COLD PRESSED OIL EXTRACTION MACHINE”
In partial fulfillment of Diploma in Mechanical Engineering during
Academic Year 2019-2020

SUBMITTED BY
ADITYA MOHANTY – 1704230268
JAY KAMBLE – 1704230331
SHRUTI PHALKE – 1704230358
HARSH CHAUDHARY – 1704230362

GUIDED BY
MR. NITIN KULKARNI

AGNEL POLYTECHNIC
Sector 9-A Vashi, Navi Mumbai-400703
Telephone: 2766 2949,2766 1924, Telex:11-7110AGNEL in
Fax: 2766 0619
E-mail: [email protected]/[email protected]
 ANNEXURE A

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr/Ms having Enrollment No :

1) ADITYA MOHANTY – 1704230268

2) JAY KAMBLE – 1704230331

3) SHRUTI PHALKE – 1704230358

4) HARSH CHAUDHARY – 1704230362

has completed Project Planning Report having title COLD PRESS OIL
EXTRACTION MACHINE in a group working together under the
guidance of Mr. Nitin Kulkarni:

Name & Signature of Guide :…………………

Name & Signature of HOD : ………………….

 CONTENT PAGE

CERTIFICATE (ANNEXURE A) ............................................................ 2

ABSTRACT............................................................................................... 5

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ......................................................................... 6

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND OF USER

BASED PROBLEM................................................................................... 7

1.1 BACKGROUND OF PROJECT ...................................................... 7

1.3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM .................................................7
1.4 AIMS AND OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY ................................... 7
1.4 SCOPE OF STUDY.......................................................................... 8
1.5 FUTURE SCOPE.............................................................................. 8

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE SURVEY FOR PROBLEM

IDENTIFICATION AND SPECIFICATION ........................................... 9

2.1 LITERATURE SURVEY AT THE NIMAI COLD PRESSED OIL

SHOP ....................................................................................................... 10
2.2 LITERATURE SURVEY BY REFERRING TECHNICAL
PAPERS ...................................................................................................12

CHAPTER 3: PROPOSED METHODOLOGY OF SOLVING THE

IDENTIFIED PROBLEM WITH ACTION PLAN ................................ 25

3.1 METHODOLOGY ADOPTED ...................................................... 25

PLAN A: COLD PRESS OIL EXTRACTION USING HYDRAULIC

JACK........................................................................................................ 25
PLAN B: COLD PRESS OIL EXTRACTION USING SCREW
PRESS ...................................................................................................... 27

3.2 ACTION PLAN ..............................................................................29

CHAPTER 4: REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY ..................... 31

LIST OF TABLES:

TABLES ............................................................................................. 12-28

LIST OF FIGURES:

FIGURE 1.1 .............................................................................................. 8

FIGURE 2.1 ............................................................................................. 10

FIGURE 2.2 ............................................................................................. 11

FIGURE 2.3 ............................................................................................. 11

FIGURE 2.4 ............................................................................................. 11

FIGURE 3.1 ............................................................................................. 26

FIGURE 3.2 ............................................................................................. 28

FIGURE 3.3 ............................................................................................. 29

FIGURE 3.4 ............................................................................................. 30

 ABSTRACT

Edible oils as we all know are commonly known as vegetable oils which today is used
in each and every home from poor to rich. But does anyone know, how it is made?
How does it affects our health? the most common answer will be NO, because edible
oil manufacturers fool customers in the name of omega 3, low cholesterol oils, refined,
blanched, lite.But this all are a big lies which have been used by the manufacturers by
aiming the emotions of customers. Oil is extracted by few methods i.e. hot pressed oil
extraction, cold pressed oil extraction and oil extraction by using solvents. In hot
pressed oil extraction process the seeds are exposed to very very high temperature and
pressure by adding some chemicals in it in order to get more oil yield, this process
also involves refining process where oil is exposed up-to 230o degree centigrade.it is
very harmful to human as it can cause cancer, inflammation to skin and many more
harmful effects. Cold Pressed Extraction method means crushing the oils at a
temperature equivalent to that of room temperature, nearly around 27o Degree
Centigrade. Because cold pressed oil is processed at lower temperatures does not alter
the properties of the oil which contains a higher phenolic and nutrient content
than expeller pressed oil. Cold pressed oils retain all their flavour, aroma, and
nutritional value, making these oils great for cooking and skin care requirements.As
now we all know about the side effects of the hot pressed oil extraction process we
have decided to make a project on cold pressed oil extraction which will solve most of
the health concern side effects and will not involve any refining process.Our project
focus on cold pressed oil extraction by using either hydraulic jack or a motorized
screw jack where pressure will be applied by the oil expeller and seeds will be
crushed inside the cylinder.The cylinder will be perforated type and the the pressure
will be applied either by hydraulic operated expeller or motorized screw jack having
pressure/push plate at its end. Our main aim is cold pressed oil extraction which do
not involve any adulteration and chemical processes but only simple crushing and
pressing the seeds mechanically and removing the oil. The methodology of our
project and as well as plan A and plan B of our project have been discussed ahead in
the report with relevant diagrams.

KEYWORDS:- Cold pressed oil extraction,Hot pressed oil

extraction,refining,crushing,hydraulically operated,motorized screw jack,high
temperatures,low temperatures,perforated cylinder
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We have taken efforts in this project. However, it would not have been possible
without the kind support and help of many individuals and organizations. We would
like to extend our sincere thanks to all of them.

We are highly indebted to our respective guides Mr.Milind Shrirao, Mr.Prem Joshi,
Mr.Nitin Kulkarni and our HOD Ms.Beenu Johnkutty for their guidance and constant
supervision as well as for providing necessary information regarding the project &
also for their support in completing the project.

We would like to express our gratitude towards our parents & member of project
committee for their kind co-operation and encouragement which helped us in
completion of this project.

We would like to express our special gratitude and thanks to industry persons for
giving us such attention and time.

We also thank the Nimai Cold Pressed Oil Shop for permitting us to have a look to
their cold press oil extraction machine. We also thank Mr. Nimai himself for
providing us valuable information and giving us his time.

My thanks and appreciations also go to my colleague in developing the project and

people who have willingly helped us out with their abilities.

We are immensely grateful total involved in this project as without their inspiration
and valuable suggestions it would not have been possible to develop the project
within the prescribed time.
CHAPTER - 1
INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND OF USER BASED
PROBLEM
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1.2 BACKGROUND OF PROJECT:

Edible oils are used as cooking or frying medium,salad oil or in food products
formulation. They are important from nutritional point of view but ensuring their
purity is a concern since old times. Because of their greater demand in national and
international market adulteration with high price oil with low price oil is a major
issue.Also edible oils today are manufactured in a very unhealthy way,manufacturers
involve hot pressed oil extraction methods as this method yields oil in a large volume
giving profit to manufacturers. Basically here extreme heat and pressure is applied to
the seeds to remove oils from the seeds easily using some chemicals too.Over this if
some manufacturers need some more premium qualtity they go for oil refining
processes which seems very technical for customers but actually they are dangerous
for our health.Oil refining process involve processes such as degumming, neutralizing,
bleaching, hydrogenation,etc.

Therefore by seeing as such harmful effects of consumption of adulteration oil as

engineers we need to solve this problems.Therefore by doing proper research and by
visiting certain industries we have come across a method which will give relief to all
such adulteration.Therefrore we are developing a Cold press oil extraction machine.

1.3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

Our problem is to remove oil by not applying much heat so that the oils will not lose
their properties.Basically making cold press oil extractor using screw press.This will
eleiminate the problem of adulteration in edible oils.

1.4 AIMS AND OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY:

The main aim of this project is to design a cold press oil extractor using screw press:-
1 To fabricate a screw press with variable torque arrangement.
2 To develop sufficient power to drive the lead screw
3 To develop enough pressure to extract oil.
4 To extract oil by reducing human effort.
5 To reduce edible oil adulteration to a very large extent.
1.4 SCOPE OF STUDY:

This project involves designing of a mechanical system which is used to extract oil by
cold pressing by using motorized screw .
1 Study of all the possible cold press oil extraction method.
2 Creating a semi-automatic cold press oil extractor.
3 Reducing human effort and also reducing the adulteration in oil.
4 Testing of the oil which have been extracted from our machine and its comparison
with the edible oil available in market.

1.5 FUTURE SCOPE:

This project has a great scope in future as in future people will become very conscious
about their health and therefore they will prefer cold press oil more over the hot
pressed oils which are made by refining process.Therefore after development of this
project we are thinking to make this on a large scale as well as a miniature model of
this project at cheaper price so that it can used in each and every home and so that
they can enjoy health edible oils at home prepared at home.

FIGURE 1.1 INNDUSTRIAL PROCESS FOR OIL EXTRACTION.

CHAPTER - 2
LITERATURE SURVEY FOR PROBLEM INDENDIFICATION AND
SPECIFICATION
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

After our visit to this place we get to know following benefits of cold pressed oil extraction from
this seeds.

Cocomut Oil One of the miracle oil with multiple health benefits like improves
metabolism, weight loss and helps prevent lifestyle diseases.

Groundnut Oil A must have cooking oil in every kitchen all year round, rich in oleic
acid and antioxidants makes it the most heat stable oil for any kind of
cooking.

Flaxseed Oil An oil rich in Omega 3 and Omega 6 ensures a healthy heart also known
remedy to help fight breast cancer.

Sesame oil White Sesame are rich in copper and many other minerals.Great for
immunity,this oil is best for winters. Black Sesame are enriched with
minerals like calcium,zinc,magnesium&iron this oil helps to improve
poor eye sight,ringing ears and nourishes you with Vitamin A,E & B

Mustard Oil This MUFA rich oil makes it the most stable oil , it boosts cardiac health
has anti-bacterial and anti-fungal properties & reduces pain associated
with inflammation

Safflower Oil Richness in Omega & Low SFA of this oil makes it a perfect oil for
deep frying

Sweet Almond Oil Great for brain health & rich in vitamin E makes it best oil for skin care
& extensively used for postpartum massages for both mom and baby

Walnut Oil The best natural salad dressing with lot of Omega 3 and 6 fatty acids
boosts brain health and is used as a remedy for psoriasis.

Neem oil An oil rich in antifungal and antibacterial properties , improves immune
system , best natural remedy and suppliment for plant care.

Castor Oil Aids in digestive function improvement , reduces inflammation, great

tonic for skin and hair care.
2.1 LITERATURE SURVEY AT THE NIMAI COLD PRESSED OIL SHOP
We did a literature survey at the Nimai Cold
Pressed Oil Shop which was situated at Sector-
19, Kamothe, Navi Mumbai. This shop basically
has cold pressing machine which works at the
normal room temperature. It also sell it’s own
retail products which are health beneficial.

This machine is a cold press oil extractor which

uses a wooden churner for mechanical pressing of
the oil seeds. We can produce a variety of oil
seeds including from coconut, groundnut,
mustard, sesame, etc.

The machine was powered by a 3-HP Motor, It

included a long handle with spring that was used
for maintaining the clearance between the
wooden churner and the vessel. The vessel was
made up of polished stone, that had smooth finish
The vessel had very huge capacity. It can easily
used to make out of 20-25 kg of oil seeds. FIGURE 2.1

This Machine worked by transmitting the power from motor to a pulley, which then powered
another pulley which transmitted the power to the vessel containing the the oil seeds. When the
vessel rotates, the oil seed go along in the same direction. The wooden Churner is placed such a
way that there is some clearance between the vessel and the oil seeds.

This process of oil extraction consists of following steps:

1. Reduction of the Oil seeds to a much smaller size( required for groundnuts, Coconuts, etc)
2. Hard pressing of the oil seeds for complete oil extraction.
3. Removal of the oil from the vessel through the drainer.
4. Manual removal of the Cake formed due to the oil seeds.
5. Settling of Oil for 12 hrs in container and then dispatch.

We got to know that the vessel rotational speed is very low i.e. around 15-20 rpm.
Full Extraction of oil from the seeds on average take 1.5 hrs. Depending upon the quality of the
rotational speed of the vessel, the oil yield changes. The machine is highly suitable for the
groundnut oil extraction. It can produce 1ltr groundnut oil from 2.5 kg of Groundnuts. The
wooden churner used is made up of Babool Wood.

It’s benefits to the consumer are :

High Seed Quality → High Nutritional Value
No heating
+ → Intact Good Fatty Acid Bonds
No Chemical
& Preservatives.
 FIGURE 2.2
PICTURE OF THE SHOP

FIGURE 2.3 FIGURE 2.4

FRONT OF THE MACHINE WOODEN CHURNER
2.2 LITERATURE SURVEY BY REFERRING TECHNICAL PAPERS:

Sr Title of Technical Name of Year of Name of Abstract-Only Methodology Results/Conclusion Drawbacks/Li

No. paper Author Publicat Journal Points s mitations
ion
1. Effects of 1. Herry 2013 International Extracting Rubber seeds that have From this study, it Solvent
Temperature, Santoso Conference and rubber oil been cleaned, dried, is found that extraction
Pressure, 2. Iryantoa Workshop on using solvents and flaked are pressure and method uses
Preheating Time 3. Maria Chemical and preheated and then pressing time affect solvent such
and Pressing Inggrida Engineering mechanical pressed using hydraulic the rubber seed oil as hexane, so
Time on Rubber UNPAR 2013, pressing. machine. yield significantly. this method
Seed Oil ICCE UNPAR The extraction of On the reduces the
Extraction Using rubber seed oil using other hand, quality of the
Hydraulic Press hydraulic press temperature and oil extracted.
machine is divided into preheating time do
two steps, the not affect the oil
pretreatment step and yield significantly.
the pressing operation The best operating
step. condition that gives
In the pretreatment the highest rubber
step, The rubber seed seed oil yield in
kernels are dried for 12 this study so far is
hours at 70oC. obtained at the
The second step is the highest pressure
pressing operation step. (120 bar)
The seeds are and the longest
preheated then are pressing time (90
pressed in using minutes) which
hydraulic press at corresponds to
various pressures for 31.88% oil yield.
different time period
Sr Title of Technical Name of Year of Name of Abstract-Only Methodology Results/Conclusion Drawbacks/Li
No. paper Author Publicat Journal Points mitations
ion
2. Evaluation Of 1. Ojomo 2011 Global Journal Study of Oil The friction and Performance test If there is
Locally A.O of Researches Screw pressure produced by was carried out on further
Fabricated Oil 2. Ologuna in Engineering expelling the screw on the barrel a locally fabricated increase in
Screw Expelling gba F.O machine on causes the mass to heat oil screw press. It speed of
Machine 3. Alagha the basis of oil up, thus was tested and Machine, it
S.A yield, facilitating oil found to be resulted in
efficiency and extraction as the screw efficient in the decrease in
oil cake grinds and presses the expelling of amount of oil
produced. fine mass against groundnut oil. expelled.
the expelling chamber. Generally, the Due the use of
The oil flows through performance hot chamber
the perforation in the parameters of the the oil
casing and is collected machine increased expelled had
beneath the expeller with increase in the less viscosity.
chamber while the machine speed.
residue (cake) is The machine is
extruded from the unit cheap, easy to
through the cake operate and
discharge outlet maintained because
the
parts can be locally
sourced. It is
recommended for
small-scale farmers
to process their
nuts into oil which
are hitherto sold as
raw material at
very cheap price.
Sr Title of Technical Name of Year of Name of Abstract-Only Methodology Results/Conclusion Drawbacks/Li
No. paper Author Publicat Journal Points mitations
ion
3. Performance Test 1. F.A. 2016 Department of Study on The preparation 1. Hydraulic oil The efficiency
of a Hydraulic Oluwole Mechanical Hydraulic involves cleaning the press gave higher of the oil
Press for Oil 2. M.K. Engineering, press oil peanut by removing oil recovery of extracted form
Extraction Adam University of Extraction dirt and spoiled peanut, 84.4% groundnut is
3. M.B. Maiduguri roasting the nuts and 2. The raw oil is subsequently
OUMAR Decorating/winnowing denser than the less .
OU to remove the particles. dried oil There is no
The cleaned roasted 3. The cake proper
peanut is then obtained is of the filtration given
crushed to form paste same quality when along with the
using the commercial compared with proposed
disc miller. The those produced machine,
groundnut paste is with the traditional which
continuously stirred method increases the
vigorously in a bowl, 4. The time to overall cost.
while gradually adding extract oil using
some quantity of the hydraulic oil
hot water. The volume press is reduced by
and mass of hot water about 60%
used were recorded. As
oil appeared on
the surface of the
stirred paste it was
skimmed off. The mass
and volume of the
skimmed oil were
recorded together with
the mass of the
groundnut dough.
Sr Title of Technical Name of Year of Name of Abstract-Only Methodology Results/Conclusion Drawbacks/Li
No. paper Author Publicat Journal Points mitations
ion
4. Development of 1. A 2019 International Counter Edible oils are used as A domestic The efficiency
Domestic Purpose Ravindra Journal of adulteration of cooking or frying purpose Hydraulic of the oil
Hydraulic Reddy Engineering oil and medium, salad oil press Oilexpeller extracted form
Press Oil Expeller 2. Jaya Research & provide or in food products has been groundnut is
Kumar Technology healthy oil by formulation. They are developed. The subsequently
3. Yuvaraj (IJERT) using important from machine is capable less .
JM hydraulic nutritional point of of pressing various There is no
4. Vincent press. view but ensuring their kinds of seeds in proper
Joseph P purity is a concern their different filtration given
V since old times. forms i.e. roasted along with the
5. Shekar K Because of their and unroasted proposed
greater demand in seeds in home machine,
national and itself. All the which
international market machine parts increases the
adulteration in high worked effectively overall cost.
price oil with low price without any
oil is a major issue. It damage.
can affect the health of
consumers adversely.
Some of the harmful
effects of adulterated
oil are Mineral oil and
argemone oil in edible
oil cause heart
disorders, liver
problems and cause
carcinogenic effects
Sr Title of Technical Name of Year of Name of Abstract-Only Methodology Results/Conclusion Drawbacks/Li
No. paper Author Publicat Journal Points mitations
ion
5. Design And 1. Dr. I. 2018 American Extraction oil These properties are The machine to be The large
Fabrication Of A Nnanna, Journal of from generally referred to as used for oil number of
Groundnut Oil Okeahial Engineering groundnut by the service extraction must me moving parts
Expelling am, Research crushing requirement. Some strong enough to cause great
Machine 2. Solomon (AJER) method with these properties sustain the force of friction
I. the help of which should be screw when resulting in
3. Okoro lead screw. appreciable while the groundnut is wear and tear
Humphre material is in service present inside the in machine
y O. are: machine. parts.
a. Strength The excessive
b. Toughness amount of
c. Hardness heat produced
d. Stiffness can cause
e. Resistance to deformation
corrosion and failure in
f. Conductivity and screw.
heat resistance.
This is about the most
important factor for the
material selection
because it determines
the total cost of
production which in
turn affects the price of
the product or retail
cost and consumer
choice. It the total cost
of production is high,
variably the price of
the finished product
will also be high.
Sr Title of Name of Author Year Name of Abstract-Only Methodology Results/Conclusion Drawbacks/Li
No. Technical of Journal Points mitations
paper Public
ation
6. Design and 1. Ghevariya 2017 International Hydro-pneumati Hydro-pneumatic The press is This type of
Analysis of Sandeep Journal of c press is a press system is divided into developed after arrangement
Hydro 2. Makwana Advance machine two main components studying the required a
-Pneumatic Press Tarang Engineering utilizing both air i.e. hydro-pneumatic analysis of the huge amount
Machine 3. Parmar and Research and water in its pump and cylinder. press machine. In of money, and
Dharmavirsin Development operation Main components of static analysis, the cannot be used
h hydro-pneumatic pump maximum stress for very small
4. Patel are air motor, gearbox, (von mises) is apllications,
Abhishek eccentric cams, pump nearly zero, the totally based
5. Prajapati and oil reservoir. displacement and for heavy duty
Parimal5 Spring operated check the strain is applications.
valve is provided at negligible.Now for
inlet port of pump. buckling the
Air motor rotates by air maximum
and rotates the shaft of amplitude and
gear box. Reduction the Buckling factor
gear reduces the speed Of Safety(BFS) is
of outlet shaft on 14 which is greater
which eccentric cams than one, Hence
are mounted. Cams the system is safe
move the pistons of from buckling. In
two piston pumps and general, the overall
hydraulic oil enter into design is safe
cylinders at continuous against the great
flow rate and hence impact of load.
smooth stroke is
obtained.
Sr Title of Name of Author Year Name of Abstract-Only Methodology Results/Conclusion Drawbacks/Li
No. Technical of Journal Points mitations
paper Public
ation
7. Development of 1. Gbasouzor 2017 WCECS Oil Extraction The process for the This research work The major
an Improved Austin machine made mechanical extraction has successfully problems
Motorized Ikechukwu up of Plunger, of 10kg of nmanu presented a facing the
Nmanu 2. Nwanekezie Elecric Heater akuoyibo (coconut oil) functional and existing
Akuoyibo Martin and bearings per hour is as follows: highly efficient low extractor are
(Coconut Oil) Nduka used to process& cost Nmanu listed below.
Extracting extract coconut A laboratory test was Akuoyibo 1. Instability
Machine for oil carried out to (Coconut oil) of plunger
Employment determine the extractor by 2. Leakages
Generation in composition of nmanu minimizing the of hydraulic
Nigeria akuoyibo (coconut oil) traditional oil
in a given quantity of technique of 3. Light
akuoyibo (coconut) extracting of oil. thickness of
using solvent Cleanness of the expressing
extraction method. machine after chamber
processed coconut which can
The coconut oil meat must be cause damages
extractor made up of adopted in every of the
the following six hours of end chamber
components: product as to during
• Hydraulic pump enable it free from compression
• Plunger/ram grease/ hydraulic 4. Irregularity
• Ram disc fluid mixing with in shape of
• Expressing chamber the coconut oil and compression
• Electric heater adhering product plate or ram
particles press.
Sr Title of Name of Author Year Name of Abstract-Only Methodology Results/Conclusion Drawbacks/Li
No. Technical of Journal Points mitations
paper Public
ation
8. Oil extraction 1. M. Ionescu, 2016 Researchgate Oil pressing by The laboratory stand The highest oil It also shown
using a vertical using oleaginous for oilseeds pressing yields were the results that
press with piston 2. Gh. Voicu, materials and was realized using one recorded at the more the
vertically of the pressing sunflower kernels piston speed
3. Șt. Biriş, pressing with the chamber from the (37.7%) and at the lesser the
help of a piston. PU-50 screw oil press sunflower seeds efficiency,
4. V. Vlăduţ, with two discharge (26.72%), while meaning
ends (screw press the oil yields from decrease in
5. Ungurean manufactured by rapeseeds and pressure time.
STIMEL Timişoara), safflower seeds
6. M. Ștefan, which was vertically were lower
fixed, and a WDW-100 (11.25% and,
7. M. Dincă, computer control. respectively,
The applied force up to 10.90%).
8. M. MatachE a maximum of 100 kN This leads to a
and the piston speed quantity of cake
between 0.01- higher for
1000mm/min safflower seeds
and rapeseeds and
lower for
sunflower seeds
and kernels.
Sr Title of Name of Author Year Name of Abstract-Only Methodology Results/Conclusion Drawbacks/Li
No. Technical of Journal Points mitations
paper Public
ation
9. Design and 1. Addisalem 2013 Addis Ababa Extraction of oil Oil can be extracted Design of oil The sructure
Optimization of Mekonnen Institute Of from seeds by manually or using press machine of the machine
Electric Motor Technology using electric power source by includes selection built was
Driven driven expeller pressing softer of appropriate bigger as
Mechanical Oil machine oilseeds, such as round motor with its compared to
Press nuts and shea nuts, specification, the oil
whereas harder, more design of prodiced, thus
fibrous materials such mechanical parts, rducing the
as copra and sunflower controlling efficiency of
seed can mechanism and the machine.
be processed. Pulped stress There is no
or ground material is Analysis filtration unit
loaded into a manual or In design of present with
hydraulic press to mechanical oil the machine
squeeze press part gear which leads to
out the oil-water system of the increase in
emulsion. This is more machine is cost of oil
efficient at removing designed to obtain proccessing.
oil than traditional the basic
hand squeezing, parameters and to
allowing higher check its safety
production rates against bending
and pitting.
Sr Title of Name of Author Year Name of Abstract-Only Methodology Results/Conclusion Drawbacks/Li
No. Technical of Journal Points mitations
paper Public
ation
10. Design and 1. Fisayo 2018 Open Access Designing an Oil In achieving the aim of A hydraulic The
Fabrication of a Adesina Library extraction this work, component press machine has complexity of
Manually 2. Tiamiyu Journal machine suitable parts of the machine been developed. the design has
Operated Ishola for pressing were designed using The machine was increased it’s
Hydraulic Press Mohammed metal various design fabricated using inital cost than
3. Oluwole equations. locally made it was while
Timothy Ojo materials. The planning.
The design results machine is capable To achieve the
were used to select of performing aim of the
materials for various various press project, the
components. The works. size of
detailed drawing of the machine was
developed hydraulic Various machine to be
press machine was parts such as pump, increased .
done using Pro E hand lever, ram Hot pressing
software. assembly and reduces the
pressure gauge viscosity and
In fabricating the worked effectively natural
machine, mild steel and efficiently. nutrients of oil
was used as the locally are lost.
sourced material. The Some of press
use of mild steel is work operations
due to the fact that its performed on the
strength, rigidity and machine include:
machinability falls bending, punching,
within the design drawing and
specifications. It is also stamping.
available and cost .
effective.
Sr Title of Name of Author Year Name of Abstract-Only Methodology Results/Conclusio Drawbacks/Li
No. Technical of Journal Points n mitations
paper Public
ation
11. Preliminary 1. Pelİin Sari 2006 The Graduate Extraction of oil A screw press with Assumed seed The
design and School Of using Screw two tapered screws capacity is three complexity of
construction of a Natural And press which are mounted times greater than the design has
prototype Applied mechanism adjacently and the real seed increased it’s
Canola seed oil Sciences concentrically.The capacity of the inital cost
extraction Of seeds are compressed developed screw than it was
machine Middle East in two stages instead press. while
Technical of one compression Another planning.
University that is prior to exit. In alternative to To achieve
this design, instead of increase the seed the aim of the
a single stage capacity of the project, the
compression as in the present screw size of
conventional screw press is machine was
presses, a compression increasing the to be
ratio of 5:1 in the canalizing increased .
primary section and capability of the Hot pressing
3:1 in the secondary grooves inside the reduces the
section is used. As a vessel. This can be viscosity and
result, the design achieved by natural
configurations avoids adjusting the nutrients of
the possible damages groove profile, oil are lost.
of choking and depth and length.
jamming occurrences,
which causes wear and
tear of the machine
components and
results in energy loss.
Sr Title of Name of Author Year Name of Abstract-Only Methodology Results/Conclusio Drawbacks/Li
No Technical of Journal Points n mitations
. paper Publi
cation
12. Performance 1. K. A. Yusuf, 2017 International Extracton of oil First, weigh the The performance Hot pressing
Evaluation of a 2. A. E. Journal of using screw groundnuts before evaluation of the reduces the
Screw Press for Akhigbe, Engineering press for putting them in the screw press was viscosity and
Extraction 3. F. I. and vegetable oil. machine. investigated for natural
of Groundnut Izuagie Information Start rotating the extraction of nutrients of
(Arachease Systems machine manually cashew kernels oil are lost.
hypogeal) Seeds with your arms. and groundnut It has to be a
and Cashew Rotate it until it seeds. Effects of operated
(Anarcardium reaches its maximum heating manually
Occidentale) limit. temperature and which is time
Kernel Turn in the heater moisture content consuming.
wrapped around the of samples on
cylinder to heat the extraction
nuts. efficiency was
Let the piston rest determined. The
there until it is study result
completely ectracted. established that
Lift up the piston, heating
remove the extract temperature and
and clean the moisture content
machine. has significant
effects on the
extraction
efficiency of the
screw press .
Sr Title of Name of Author Year Name of Abstract-Only Methodology Results/Conclusio Drawbacks/Li
No Technical of Journal Points n mitations
. paper Publi
cation
13. Cold press in 1. Büşra 2018 Ukrainian Heath benefits A deep study was Cold press is
oil extraction. A Çakaloğlu, Food of cold pressed done on various preferred due to
review 2. Vasfiye Journal. oil. health benefits of its wide usage
Hazal 2018. edible cold pressed areas, simple use,
3. Özyurt, Volume 7. oil. lack of manpower,
Semih Ötleş Issue 4 low
Cold pressed oil has cost,environmenta
been consumed by llyfriendly, lack
human for years. It of harmful
has proven to be organic
health for body and solvents . In
mind. Apply coconut addition,generally
oil obtained by cold the product is not
pressing it has proven applied to heat
to be healthy for treatment
bones. therefore, as
mentioned in the
Use of cold pressed study,high-quality
oils for cosmatics is oils are obtained.
been going on for These oils are
years. But recently, generally suitable
people are attracted for direct
towards packed oil consumption and
which conatin a lot of do not require
impurities which are refining.
harm full for human
health.
CHAPTER - 3
PROPOSED METHODOLOGY OF SOLVING THE IDENTIFIED
PROBLEM WITH ACTION PLAN
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3.1 METHODOLOGY ADOPTED

In achieving our aim of developing a cold pressed oil extraction machine, we did a
literature survey and got to know about different methods and parameters that
influence the oil extraction rate. We found out that mechanical pressing of oil is most
suitable to our vision.
We together decided to make oil extraction machine by
A. Mechanical Pressing of oil seed by using a Hydraulic Jack
B. Mechanical Pressing Oil seeds by using Screw Press

PLAN A:

This idea includes mechanical pressing of Oil seeds by using Hydraulic Jack. It has
been found reliant for a variety of seed for extracting oil more profoundly Groundnut
oil.

We found a solution of using a normal Hydraulic jack for extraction process of oil.
We thought about making arrangements such that we can utilize the Hydraulic Jack.

Our arrangements includes main components such as Springs, Plates, Pressing Plate
and Perforated Cylinder and the Hydraulic Jack.

For strong base of the machine, we came to decision to use Mild steel plates for
upper and bottom portion. Mild steel provide excellent strength to the machine’s
foundation.

To support the foundation of machine, we are going to use Mild steel studs which
have excellent strength and resistance to bending and shear. Four columns of metal
studs will be erected on each corner of plates which will provide linear support to the
plate on top of Hydraulic jack.

A Hydraulic jack being the main component of the machine will be of around 1
tonnes to 5 tonnes.It will provide push to the cylinder towards the piston on the top
plate and apply pressure which will result in extraction of oil from seeds.

By our study, we came to an observation that pressure of about 40 to 50 MPa is

required to extract oil from groundnut. As an addition , a canvas will be provided
( i.e cotton cloth) which will filter the oil inside the cylinder itself reducing the extra
effort and cost of filtration.

Also an innovative idea of using metal plates of same diameter as of the cylinder
between batches of seeds to provide excess of pressure will be used. The Cylinder
being used will be Perforated Stainless Steel 316 which is certified food graded.
 FIGURE 3.1

The procedure of the expulsion of oil from the seeds takes place as follows.

 The assembly of the equipment should be made as shown in the design part as
final assembly image.

 The cylinder should be cleaned thoroughly and should be wiped cleanly with a
dry cloth

 The quantity of seeds should be weighed and should be wrapped in a thin layered
cloth and should be placed in the cylinder.

 The cylinder should be placed in between the middle and the lower plate along
with the collecting bowl under it.

 The jack should be pumped which starts to lift the jack piston towards top
pushing the pressing ram downwards.

 The pressing ram crushes the seeds and expels oil from it.

 When the release nut of the jack is activated the compression springs pushes the
ram to its original position and the fresh oil expelled is collected from the
collecting bowl.
PLAN B:

We did immense research on extracting oil with the help of hydraulic jack. We found
it to be effective and efficient and maximum parameters. But , during our study, we
found a few drawbacks we faced in terms of design.

1. The size of the design is too big for domestic use.

2. Longer time for complete extraction.
3. Difficulty in automating.

While we were brainstorming on countering these certain parameters, we came across

an idea to design a cold pressed oil extraction machine using a lead screw as a
pressing element. Using a lead screw like Screw Jack as an element to apply pressure
is quite easy in design and actual fabrication.

It overcomes all the parameters we faced in previous design.

1. Easy to design.
2. Participation of fewer components.
3. Compressed it size.
4. Perform both Axial pressure and crushing thus, increasing the efficiency of
machine.
5. No leakage problem.
6. No human effort required

According to our design, The screw press consists of the frame, piston, press cage
cylinder, collector (tray) as its major components for efficient operation.

A rigid frame which holds the ram shaft is made of iron and support the pressure
created by the screw. It is well constructed and firmly mounted to the work surface
before the pressing operation begins.
The frame also comprises of two beams and four columns.

The piston is a solid screw, and provides the necessary pressure required for the
expression of the oil from the seeds. The cylinder which will hold the seed will be
made of Stainless steel 316 which is food grade material. it has an opening through
which the oil-seed would be admitted in to the cage and also consists of perforations
at its lower part for oil drainage.

The oil is drained into the oil collector placed below the cage through the perforations.
The perforated cylinder will consist of a filter around which will drain oil the collect
chunks or any solid material.

A plate will be provides with a bit of inclination which will collect the oil through the
opening in a vessel. The cylinder will be attached to the base plate in such a way that
it can be removed easily to extract the residue.
 FIGURE 3.2

The procedure of the expulsion of oil from the seeds takes place as follows.

 The assembly of the equipment should be made as shown in the design part as
final assembly image.

 During the performance evaluation of the machine, the grounded samples will be
weighed using weighing balance and later transfer in to the pressing cloth before
pressing in order to prevent the grounded samples from coming out of the
perforations made on the press cage cylinder.

 We will start the motor coupled to the nut around the screw with the help of a
coupler / reduction unit.

 The screw will start descending and pressing the seeds along with crushing it.
Once the machine stop decending, we will turn off the motor and let it stay for
maximum time of about 30 minutes.

 Once the seeds are completely drained, we will revive the screw manually and
remove the extraction along with the cloth. We will detach the cylinder, clean it
and place it again for later operations

This process it very simple and does not exert unecessary pressure on the frame which
might deform it. Its compressed size allows it to be used for domestic purpose without
any hesitation.
3.2 ACTION PLAN: FIGURE 3.3
 FIGURE 3.4
PROGRAM EVALUATION REVIEW TECHNIQUE
CHAPTER - 4
REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY
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[1] HerrySantoso1,Iryantoa2,MariaInggrida3 Effects of Temperature, Pressure,

Preheating Time and PressingTime on Rubber Seed Oil Extraction Using
Hydraulic Press International Conference and Workshop on Chemical
Engineering UNPAR 2013, ICCE UNPAR.
[2] Ojomo A.O,Ologunagba F.O,Alagha S.A Evaluation Of Locally Fabricated
Oil Screw Expelling Machine Global Journal of Researches in
Engineering2011.
[3] F.A. Oluwole,M.K. Adam ,M.B. OUMAROU Performance Test of a
Hydraulic Press for Oil Extractionartment of Mechanical Engineering,
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[5] Dr. I. Nnanna, Okeahialam,Solomon I.,Okoro Humphrey O. Design And
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Development of an Improved Motorized Nmanu Akuoyibo (Coconut Oil)
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MatachE Researchgate Oil extraction using a vertical press with piston 2016.
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