A
Micro Project Report
on
“Model of pipe earthing ”
Submitted By
Shridhar Parit 2207
Ayush Patil 2209
Shreyas Lengare 2229
Under the Guidance of
Mr.S.M.More
KASEGAON EDUCATION SOCIETY’S
RAJARAMBAPU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, RAJARAMNAGAR
DEPARTMENT OF ELECRICAL ENGINEERING
(2024-2025)
Kasegaon Education Society’s
Rajarambapu Institute of Technology, Rajaramnagar
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that, Shridhar Parit, Auysh Patil, Shreyas Lengre of S.Y. Electrical
class successfully completed the project entitled “Model of pipe earthing” under my
supervision, in the partial fulfillment of Diploma in Electrical Engineering of
Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Mumbai.
Date:___________
Place: Rajaramnagar
Mr.S.M.More Mr. A. D. NIKAM
Guide Name Head of Department
Rajarambapu Institute of Technology, Rajaramnagar
Dean,
Rajarambapu Institute of Technology, Rajaramnagar
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We take this opportunity to thank all those who have contributed in successful completion of this
micro project work. We sincerely wish to express our gratitude to our micro project guide Ms. S. M.
More. for full support, expert guidance, encouragement and kind cooperation throughout the micro
project work. We are greatly indebted to her for guiding us throughout micro project work.
Shridhar Parit 2207
Ayush Patil 2209
Shreyas Lengare 2229
1. Title of project:
“Model of pipe earthing”
2. Brief introduction:
Earthing, also known as grounding, is the process of connecting an electrical system to the
earth. This is done to protect against electrical shocks, reduce electromagnetic interference, and
provide a stable reference voltage for the system. Pipe earthing is a type of earthing system that
uses a pipe made of galvanized iron or copper buried in the ground to connect the electrical system
to the earth.
The pipe used for earthing is typically around 2-3 meters in length and 40-50 mm in diameter. The
top end of the pipe is connected to the electrical system, while the bottom end is buried in a pit
filled with charcoal and salt. The pipe is then connected to a grounding plate or rod, which is also
buried in the ground.
3.Construction :
4. Working:
● The earthing is installed as per above figure.
● The size of earthing plate is 60cm x 60cm x 3.18 mm copper.
● The earth wire having the size of 8 gauge copper, the earthing plate is surrounded by the
alternate layer of charcoal and salt.
● To minimize the earth resistance the earthing maintenance is required, to maintain this
earth resistance the pouring of salt water in the wire mesh by removing the cover on wire
mesh for ever.
5.Materials and Equipment for Pipe Earthing
Metal Pipes Copper, galvanized steel, or other conductive
materials
Ground Rods Copper-clad steel, copper, or other conductive
materials
Grounding Wire Bare copper or copper-clad steel wire, sized
according to the system's current rating
Clamps Used for secure connections between the pipe,
ground rod, and wire
6. Importance of Proper Grounding
1. Protection from Shocks
Grounding prevents dangerous electric currents from flowing through people or equipment in case
of a fault
2. Equipment Protection
It helps to protect electrical equipment from damage caused by over voltages and surges.
3. System Stability
Proper grounding ensures the stability of the electrical system by providing a low-resistance path
for fault currents, reducing the likelihood of system malfunctions.
7. Advantages:
1. Efficient Fault Current Dissipation
• Low Resistance Path: The buried pipe offers a low-impedance route for fault currents to
flow into the ground, minimizing the risk of electrical shocks or equipment damage.
• Minimizes Voltage Rise: It prevents hazardous voltages from building up on exposed metal
parts of electrical systems.
2. Reduces Risk of Electrical Shocks
• Proper earthing ensures that any leakage current is redirected safely into the ground,
reducing the risk of electric shocks to personnel who may come in contact with faulty
equipment.
3. Prevents Fire Hazards
• In the event of a short circuit or electrical fault, pipe earthing prevents excess current from
building up, avoiding overheating and potential fire hazards.
4. Durability and Long Life
• Corrosion Resistance: Galvanized iron (GI) or copper pipes resist corrosion, ensuring long-
term performance with minimal maintenance.
• Adaptable to Different Soil Conditions: The vertical placement makes it effective even in
areas with high soil resistivity, improving system reliability.
8. Disadvantages:
1. Corrosion Issues
• Problem: The metallic pipe used in earthing can corrode over time, especially in areas
with high soil moisture or chemical content.
• Impact on Safety: Corrosion can reduce the conductivity of the earthing system, making
it less effective at dissipating fault currents.
2. Dependence on Soil Conditions
• Problem: The effectiveness of pipe earthing depends heavily on soil type, moisture, and
salt content.
• Impact on Safety: In dry, rocky, or sandy soils, the resistance may remain high, reducing
the efficiency of fault current dissipation.
3. Limited Lifespan
• Problem: Continuous exposure to environmental elements may weaken the earthing pipe
over time, requiring regular maintenance or replacement.
• Impact on Safety: A deteriorated pipe may lead to ineffective earthing, increasing the risk
of electric shocks and equipment failure.
4. Installation Depth Challenges
• Problem: The pipe needs to be buried deep into the ground (often more than 2-3 meters)
to be effective.
• Impact on Safety: Improper installation or shallow burial can lead to insufficient
grounding, compromising the system's safety.
9.Aim of projct:
“Model of pipe earthing”
10.Intended course outcome:
“Implement relevant earthing system”
11. Literature review:
https://www.electronicshub.org/open-circuit-and-short-circuit-test-ontransformer
https://eepower.com/technical-articles/open-circuit-and-short-circuit-testsintransformers/
https://www.electrical4u.com/open-and-short-circuit-test-on-transformer/
12. Procedure:
1.We selected the micro project.
2.Search the information about micro project.
3.Collected information from different sources.
4.Study to latest technology using in Modal of Pipe Earthing
5. Then we showed that information to teacher
6.Then we corrected the report
13. Action plan:
Sr. no Time Details of activity Planned start Planned ended Name of team members
date date
1 2hr We selected the micro project 20-09-24 20-09-24 Shridhar Parit
Ayush Patil
Shreyas Lengare
2 2hr Search the information about 22-09-24 23-09-24 Shridhar Parit
Ayush Patil
micro project
Shreyas Lengare
3 2hr collected information from 23-09-24 23-09-24 Shridhar Parit
Ayush Patil
different sources
Shreyas Lengare
4 2hr Study to latest technology 25-09-24 27-09-24 Shridhar Parit
Ayush Patil
using in Pipe Earthing :
Shreyas Lengare
Ensuring Electrical Safety
5 2hr Then we showed that 28-09-24 30-09-24 Shridhar Parit
Ayush Patil
information to teacher
Shreyas Lengare
6 2hr Then we corrected the report 01-10-24 02-10-24 Shridhar Parit
Ayush Patil
Shreyas Lengare
14. Rationale :
We understand information about Model of pipe earthing
15. Output of micro project:
We studied about Model of pipe earthing
16. Skill developed:
1. Team work
2. Unity
3. Communication skills
4. Presentation skills
5. Computer Literacy
