Transitions 7

1. The title of "Of Moderation," an essay by French philosopher Michel de Montaigne, suggests a
straightforward topic. However, Montaigne's expansive, curious mind meant that he never limited
himself to one subject. ________ the essay is not just a discussion of moderation but a broad ex-
ploration of Montaigne's entire worldview.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
A. Additionally,
B. That said, =nevertheless
C. Lastly,
D. Predictably,

2. Okot p’Bitek’s poem Song of Lawino (1966) explores postcolonial Ugandan life through the eyes
of a woman living in a rural village. With its vibrant imagery, bitingly satiric tone, and dexterous use
of traditional Acholi song and phraseology, the poem inspired a generation of East African writers.
______ those who adopted its style are often referred to as Okot School poets.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
A) Instead,
B) Fittingly, 恰如其分
C) Nevertheless,
D) By comparison,

3. In 1815, while in exile in Jamaica, Venezuelan revolutionary Simón Bolívar penned a letter prais-
ing England’s republican government and expressing hope that Latin American nations seeking in-
dependence from Spain might achieve something similar. The letter was addressed to a local mer-
chant, Henry Cullen; ______ though, Bolívar’s goal was to persuade political leaders from England
and Europe to support his cause.=事业
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
A) additionally,
B) ultimately, =eventually/fundamentally 用于修饰 goal
C) accordingly,
D) consequently,
4. Researchers Helena Mihaljević-Brandt, Lucía Santamaría, and Marco Tullney report that while
mathematicians may have traditionally worked alone, evidence points to a shift in the opposite di-
rection. ______ mathematicians are choosing to collaborate with their peers—a trend illustrated by
a rise in the number of mathematics publications credited to multiple authors.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
A. Similarly,
B. For this reason,
C. Furthermore,
D. Increasingly,

5. With many elements, like xenon, scientists were able to isolate a relatively pure
sample of the substance shortly after discovering its existence, but this wasn't the
case with all elements. ______ the isolation process took years. The element uranium,
for instance, was discovered in 1789 but not isolated until 1841.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
A) However,
B) Moreover,
C) Sometimes,
D) Thus,

6. Researchers who are able to explain their findings clearly and concisely to the public can help
shape popular perception of the sciences. Books by scientists such as Carl Sagan and Stephen
Hawking have sold millions of copies and inspired widespread interest in astronomy and physics.
____ scientist can even help shape public policy, as Rachel Carson did with her 1962 book Silent
Spring, a work often credited with inspiring the modern environmental movement in the United
States.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
A) In spite of this,
B) In conclusion,
C) In short,
D) In some cases,

7. Establishing Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is no easy task. Each month, readings of a sin-
gle second from atomic clocks around the world are taken and sent to the International Bureau of
Weights and Measures (BIPM) in France. ______ BIPM metrologists perform the meticulous work
of assembling these minutely disparate readings into a globally shared time standard.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
A) In particular,
B) For example,
C) Conversely,
D) There,

8. The Cheruku rasamu mango variety is from the South Asian country of India. ______ in 2018,
18.8 million metric tons of mangoes were produced.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
A) Hence,
B) There,
C) In fact,
D) Specifically,

9. Mountain climbing routes that incorporate metal rungs and cables are known as via ferratas,
from the ltalian phrase for "iron path." As climbing these routes has shifted from a mode of travel to
a sporting activity, modern via ferratas are rarely designed to simply reach a summit. ________
new routes favor recreation over utility, aiming to provide a challenging climb or showcase dra-
matic scenery.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
A) Nonetheless,
B) On the other hand,
C) Additionally,
D) More often,

10. Blanche K. Bruce was an outspoken abolitionist whose Washington, DC, home was a stop on
the underground railroad (the network of people and places that some enslaved people used to es-
cape to freedom). It was relatively rare for supporters of the railroad to be secretive about their an-
tislavery views. ________ they were vocal abolitionist like Bruce.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
A. Fittingly,
B. Granted,
C. For example,
D. More often,

11. In addition to damaging the electrical grid, geomagnetic activity could also interrupt radar, cell
phone communications, and GPS receivers. To prepare for such events, space research agencies
such as NASA are working to monitor solar flare activity. Other agencies are working to preserve
the functionality of satellite systems; they recommend having a backup system ready to launch if
necessary. ______ statisticians surmise that an occurrence as severe as the Carrington event is
likely a once-in-a-half-millennium event.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
A) Consequently,
B) Fortunately,
C) Thus,
D) As a matter of fact,