True/False Questions:
1. (True)
2. (False)
3. (True)
4. (False)
5. True)
6. (True)
7. (False)
8. (True)
9. (True)
10. (False)
11. (True)
12.(False)
13. (True)
14. (True)
#1: Relief (or orographic) rainfall occurs when moist air
is forced to ascend over a mountain or elevated land.
As the air rises, it cools and condenses, forming clouds
and resulting in precipitation on the windward side of
the mountain. Once the air passes over the peak and
descends on the leeward side, it warms up, causing
moisture to evaporate and preventing further
precipitation. This dry area is known as the rain
shadow.
#2: Convectional rainfall occurs when the sun
heats the Earth's surface, causing the warm air
above it to rise rapidly. As the air rises, it cools
and condenses to form clouds, eventually
leading to heavy rainfall, often accompanied by
thunderstorms. This type of rainfall is common
in tropical regions and during summer months
in temperate areas.
#3: Deforestation reduces the amount of moisture released into the atmosphere through
transpiration, leading to decreased local rainfall and contributing to droughts. It also disrupts the
water cycle by removing vegetation that absorbs rainwater, increasing surface runoff and
reducing groundwater levels.
Urbanization increases the amount of impermeable surfaces, like roads and buildings, which
prevent rainwater from soaking into the ground. This leads to higher surface runoff and flash
flooding. Additionally, urban heat islands (caused by human activities) can influence localized
convectional rainfall by heating the surrounding air.
#4: Frontal rainfall occurs when two air masses of different temperatures meet. The warmer,
less dense air is forced to rise over the cooler, denser air. As the warm air rises, it cools and
condenses, forming clouds and precipitation. This type of rainfall is common in temperate
regions, such as the UK, where warm and cold air masses frequently meet. Convectional
rainfall occurs when the sun heats the Earth's surface, causing warm air to rise, cool, and
condense. It typically occurs in tropical regions like the Amazon Rainforest and during summer
in temperate climates.
#5: Rainfall is measured using a rain gauge. A rain gauge is a cylindrical device placed in an
open area to collect rainwater. The amount of rainfall is measured by reading the water level
inside the gauge, usually in millimeters. More advanced methods of monitoring rainfall include
weather radars, which can detect precipitation patterns over large areas.
