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Components of System Administration

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203 views

Components of System Administration

Uploaded by

danijee129
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Components of System Administration

There are 3 main components of SA given below

1. Hardware

Hardware refers to the physical components that form computer systems and networks.

This includes:

Servers:

Definition: High-performance computers that provide services to multiple users.

Types: Web servers, database servers, file servers, mail servers, etc.

Functions: Data processing, storage, and running applications.

Types: Web servers, database servers, Me servers, fall servers, etc.

Functions: Data processing, storage, and running applications.

Storage Devices:

Types: Hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), Network Attached Storage

(NAS), Storage Area Network (SAN).

Functions: Data storage and retrieval.

Management: Backup solutions, RAID configurations for redundancy and performance.

Network Equipment:

· Routers: Forward data packets between different networks.

· Switches: Connect devices within a local network and route data to specific devices.

· Firewalls: Protect the network from unauthorized access.

· Access Points: Connect wireless devices to the network.

End-user Devices:

· Desktops: Stationary computers used in offices.

· Laptops: Portable computers providing mobility.

· Mobile Devices: Smartphones and tablets offering on-the-go access.

2. Software

Software refers to programs and applications that make hardware functional. This

includes:
Operating Systems (OS):

Definition: Software that manages the interaction between hardware and user applications.

Examples: Windows Server, Linux distributions (Ubuntu, CentOS), macOS.

Functions: Resource management, task scheduling, user interface provision, and system

security.

Applications:

· Business Applications: CRM (Customer Relationship Management), ERP (Enterprise

Resource Planning) software.

· Productivity Tools: Microsoft Office, Google Workspace.

· Specialized Software: CAD (Computer-Aided Design) software, medical imaging

software.

· Utility Software: Tools for system maintenance, like antivirus programs, disk cleanup

tools, and backup software.

Utilities:

· Backup Software: Automated tools for data backup and recovery.

· Monitoring Tools: Nagios, Zabbix, which monitor system performance and health.

· Security Tools: Antivirus programs, encryption software.

· Configuration Management Tools: Puppet, Chef, Ansible for automated configuration

management and deployment.

3. Network Infrastructure

Network infrastructure is the framework that enables data exchange, including

communication channels and protocols:

Communication Channels:

· Wired Networks: Ethernet cables (Cat5, Cat6) providing reliable and high-speed

connections.

· Wireless Networks: Wi-Fi networks providing mobility and flexibility, though generally

slower than wired networks.


Protocols:

· TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol): The foundational protocol for

communication on the internet and local networks.

· HTTP/HTTPS (HyperText Transfer Protocol/Secure): Protocols for web data transfer,

with HTTPS providing secure communication.

· FTP (File Transfer Protocol): Used for transferring files between computers on a

network.

· SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol): Used for email transfer.

· DNS (Domain Name System): Converts domain names into IP addresses.

Network Services:

· DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol): Dynamically assigns IP addresses to

devices on a network.

· DNS Servers: Provide domain name resolution.

· VPN (Virtual Private Network): Enables secure remote access.

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