Motion Test-ans
1.A train accelerates from 36 km/h to 54 km/h in 10 sec.[2]
(i) Acceleration
(ii) The distance travelled by train
Acceleration is given by
a=ΔvΔta=ΔvΔt
Δv=54−36=18km/hr=18×10003600m/s=5m/sΔv=54−36=18km/hr=18×100036
00m/s=5m/s
So a=.5 m/s2
b. Distance is given by
S=ut+12at2S=ut+12at2
Now u=36 km/hr =10m/s-
s=10×10+12×.5×102s=10×10+12×.5×102
So s=125m
2.A train starts from rest and accelerate uniformly at the rate of 5 m/s 2 for 5 sec. Calculate
the velocity of train in 5 sec.[1]
Here u=0 ,a= 5m/s2 ,t= 5 sec,v=?
Now v=u+atv=u+at
v=0+5×5=25v=0+5×5=25 m/s
3.An object dropped from a cliff falls with a constant acceleration of 10 m/s 2. Find its speed 5
s after it was dropped.[1]
v=u+atv=u+at
u=0u=0
v=10×5=50m/sv=10×5=50m/s
4.The velocity -time graph of SUV is given below. The mass of the SUV is 1000 kg.[4]
a. What is the distance travelled by the SUV is first 2 seconds?
b. What is the braking force at the end of 5 seconds to bring the SUV to a stop within one
seconds?
The distance travelled by the SUV is first 2 seconds = Area of ΔABEΔABE
=12×AE×BE=12×AE×BE
=12×2×15=15m=12×2×15=15m
b. Acceleration will be given by the slope of the line CD
a=0−156−5=−15m/s2a=0−156−5=−15m/s2
Now mass of the SUV =1000 Kg
Braking Force will be
F=ma=1000×−15=−15000NF=ma=1000×−15=−15000N
5.The velocity-time graph shows the motion of a cyclist. Find[3]
(i) its acceleration
(ii) its velocity
(iii) the distance covered by the cyclist in 15 seconds
We can see from the graph that velocity is not changing So,acceleration is equal to zero.
(ii) By Reading the graph, velocity = 20 m/s
(iii) Distance covered in 15 seconds, s=u×t=20×15=300s=u×t=20×15=300 m
6.The distance moved and the magnitude of displacement are equal in ?[1]
(a) The earth is revolving around the Sun
(b) Object moving in circular path
(c) The pendulum is moving to and fro
(d) Object moving on straight road
d
Prove that S=ut+1/2at2 graphically.[5]
To prove : Second equation of motion
Explanation:
let
u = initial velocity
v = final velocity
a = acceleration
then
second equation of motion is
let the time be t and the distance covered be s
thus
area of trapezium ABODE
= area of triagle ABD + area of rectangle AODE
7.A boy runs for 20 min. at a uniform speed of 18km/h. At what speed should he run
for the next 40 min. so that the average speed comes 24km/hr.[4]
The boy should run with a speed of 27 km/h for next 40 minutes.
Explanation:
Given that,
Time t₁ = 20 min =0.33 h
Speed = 18 km/h
Time t₂ = 40 min = 0.67 h
Average speed = 24 km/h
We need to calculate the distance
The distance is the product of the speed and time.
The distance will be after 40 min
Now, The average speed is equal to the total distance divided by total
time.
Put the value into the formula
Hence, The boy should run with a speed of 27 km/h for next 40
minutes.
9.A bullet leaves a rifle with a muzzle velocity of 1042 m/s. While accelerating
through the barrel of the rifle, the bullet moves a distance of 1.680 m. Determine the
acceleration of the bullet (assume a uniform acceleration)[2]
Answer : Acceleration of the bullet is .
Explanation :
It is given that,
Initial velocity of the bullet, u = 0
Final velocity of the bullet, v = 1042 m/s
Distance covered by the bullet, s = 1.680 m
Now using third equation of motion :
Hence, this is the required solution.
10.Can displacement be zero? If yes, give two examples of such situations.[1]
Yes. For example, a car travels from point A to B and then comes
back. Suppose AB=5m. In this case, distance travelled is 10m,
while the displacement is zero.
