Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region III
Schools Division of Bulacan
DOÑA CANDELARIA MENESES DUQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Plant based Snack: An Analysis on Filipino Consumers
Perception, Attitude and Purchasing Power
School Year 2024-2025
A Research Proposal
Presented to the Faculty of the
Doña Candelaria Meneses Duque National High School
Senior High School
Submitted by:
Revecencio, Abiegail P.
Jimenez, Maria Agatha I.
Mendoza, Dan Justine P.
Ma’am Gema Salazar Alonzo
PR2 Subject Teacher
Address: Purok 3 Bambang, Bulakan, Bulacan 3017
email: 300738@[Link]
contact no.:(044)760-6590
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region III
Schools Division of Bulacan
DOÑA CANDELARIA MENESES DUQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Acknowledgement
The researchers would like to express their gratitude and thanks to the following individuals
who gave them strength and inspiration to complete this research successfully. First and
foremost, to the Almighty God who guided them and fulfilled the researchers' mind with
knowledge to conduct this study. The Father provided them the courage and hope to carry out
the analysis, investigation, and practice necessary to complete this research paper.
To Mrs. Ma. Emerutchie C. Gonzales Principal II and Mr. Enrique Rigor Flores Jr. TLE Head
Teacher of Doña Candelaria Meneses Duque National High School who gave the researcher a
permission to conduct our research. The researchers' would like also like to express deep and
sincere gratitude to their adviser, Mrs. Jennifer B. Valdez, for providing them invaluable
supervision, support, and care during their research study. They also wish to express their
gratitude for her understanding, tolerance, and wisdom.
To Mrs. Gema Gonzales, the researchers' Practical Research 2 mentor, for lending her
professional knowledge and discussing every aspect of finishing this study. They would like
to recognize the time, patience, wisdom, support, care and knowledge to make the study
right. The researchers' would also like to acknowledge their beloved parents, for the undying
support guidance, morally and financially. The researchers' would like to express their
gratitude and thank each and every one of you for giving your time and effort to the
preparation of this publication. We really appreciate your support. They are grateful for
everything.
Address: Purok 3 Bambang, Bulakan, Bulacan 3017
email: 300738@[Link]
contact no.:(044)760-6590
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region III
Schools Division of Bulacan
DOÑA CANDELARIA MENESES DUQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
CHAPTER I
PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction
Filipino consumers are becoming more interested in plant-based food, especially when it
comes to making healthier and more environmentally friendly food choices. Snacks made of
plants, which are popular in the area since they are believed to be healthy and eco-friendly.
However, the acceptance of these products depends heavily on consumers perceptions,
attitudes, and purchasing power. It will also explore the economic considerations, such as
affordability and accessibility, of plant based snacks that affects the consumers purchasing
power.
This study aims to analyze the perceptions and attitudes of Filipino consumers towards plant-
based snacks, and how these factors influence their purchasing power. It will also explore the
economic considerations, such as affordability and accessibility, of plant based snacks that
affects the consumers purchasing power. By understanding these factors, the study seeks to
provide insights into the potential growth and market opportunities for plant-based snack
brands in the Philippines.
Statement of the problem
The primary goal of this study is to analyze the perception, attitude, and purchasing power of
Filipino consumers towards plant-based snacks. This research seeks to understand the factors
Address: Purok 3 Bambang, Bulakan, Bulacan 3017
email: 300738@[Link]
contact no.:(044)760-6590
that drive or hinder their consumption of plant-based products, considering their health
benefits, affordability, and market availability.
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region III
Schools Division of Bulacan
DOÑA CANDELARIA MENESES DUQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Main question: What are the perceptions, attitudes, and purchasing behaviors of Filipino
consumers towards plant-based snacks?
Sub-questions:
1. How do Filipino consumers perceive plant-based snacks in terms of health, taste, and
environmental impact?
2. What factors influence the attitudes of Filipino consumers towards adopting plant-
based snacks as part of their diet?
3. How does the purchasing power of Filipino consumers affect their ability and
willingness to buy plant-based snacks?
Scope and Delimitation
The main scope of this study is to identify the attitude, perception, and purchasing power of
Filipino consumers towards plant based snacks. The study aims to assess consumer attitude,
preferences, and factors influencing their purchasing decisions.
Our research is delimited only to attitude, perception, and purchasing power of Filipino
consumers towards plant based snack. We will not cover the Filipino consumers attitude,
perception, and purchasing power to any other plant based product besides plant based
snacks.
Address: Purok 3 Bambang, Bulakan, Bulacan 3017
email: 300738@[Link]
contact no.:(044)760-6590
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region III
Schools Division of Bulacan
DOÑA CANDELARIA MENESES DUQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Significance of the study
Filipino Consumers. This research will offer valuable insights into the health benefits,
affordability, and accessibility of plant-based snacks. Helping consumers to choose healthier
food choices. By understanding the nutritional advantages of plant-based options, consumers
can add them into their diets more appropriately.
Filipino Farmers. This research will emphasize the potential for using locally sourced
ingredients such as water spinach, squash and many more vegetables. It will benefit them
because the demand for plant based snack will ask for more supply to them.
Food Industry Entrepreneurs. This research will benefits entrepreneur to have a new set of
ideas for plant based snacks. It can also rise new entrepreneurs who is interested in making
healthy plant based snacks.
Address: Purok 3 Bambang, Bulakan, Bulacan 3017
email: 300738@[Link]
contact no.:(044)760-6590
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region III
Schools Division of Bulacan
DOÑA CANDELARIA MENESES DUQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
CHAPTER II
Review of Related Literature
Plant-based diets have become popular as a means of the reducing the environmental
footprint of the diet and promoting human health and animal welfare. (Alcorta el al., 2021)
Likewise, consumers are being more health conscious and environmentally friendly.
Therefore, Plant-based diets have become popular as a means of reducing the environmental
footprint of the diet and promoting human health and animal welfare. (Alcorta el al., 2021)
Moreover, since a variety of vegetable snacks are acknowledged to be healthful for human
consumption, the food processing sector globally is seeing a rise in the commercial
significance of these snacks produced employing various drying techniques. (Anzman et al.,
2021)
Approximately 70% of Filipino children eat snacks once a day, typically in the afternoon.
(Serafico, M. et al., 2023) However, this regular habit of snacking among children is
Address: Purok 3 Bambang, Bulakan, Bulacan 3017
email: 300738@[Link]
contact no.:(044)760-6590
increasingly affected by shifting consumer attitudes toward healthier food choices. According
to Lourdes Deocareza, director of Kantar, Filipino consumers are now choosing healthier
alternatives, even though the Philippines was not one of the eight nations included in a related
survey. (Jannielyn Ann Bigtas, G.N., 2019)
Republic Moreover,
of the 81% of Filipinos believe it is their
Philippines
personal responsibility to maintain a healthy, balanced diet, though they also seek stronger
Department of Education
support from the food industry, according to a recent Food Industry Asia (FIA) study. The
Region III
data shows that 56% of respondents say they generally keep a healthy diet, indicating that
Schools Division of Bulacan
FilipinoDOÑA
consumers are becoming
CANDELARIA more health-conscious.
MENESES DUQUE NATIONAL Although nearly
HIGH all consumers
SCHOOL
(99%) have expressed interest in changing their eating habits, key areas identified for
improvement include eating more fruits and vegetables (4%) and reducing salt (34%), sugar
(3%), and fat (32%) consumption. (Agatha Wong et al., 2022)
Despite this trend toward health-consciousness, financial challenges hinder access to
nutritious food for many. The Philippine Institute for Development Studies (PIDS) reports
that due to the country’s poor agricultural infrastructure, many Filipinos cannot afford to buy
and consume nutrient-rich foods. This lack of affordability particularly affects poorer
households, which suffer from food insecurity and exhibit a higher incidence of malnutrition.
([Link], 2022) Additionally, environmental factors influence the food choices and eating
habits of Filipino children and young people. Children’s diets in the Philippines are evolving,
but unfortunately, many are consuming more sugary, salty, and fatty foods, while their intake
of fruits and vegetables remains low. Alarmingly, over one-third (38%) of youngsters aged
13 to 15 consume at least one soft drink daily, while three-quarters (74%) eat fewer than
three servings of vegetables daily. The impact of these dietary habits is evident, as
overweight prevalence rose sharply among children aged 5 to 10 (from 10.4% in 2019 to 14%
in 2022) and among teenagers aged 10 to 19 (from 10.7% in 2019 to 13% in 2022).
([Link], 2023)
Address: Purok 3 Bambang, Bulakan, Bulacan 3017
email: 300738@[Link]
contact no.:(044)760-6590
Recent studies have explored consumer perceptions and attitudes towards plant-based and
organic foods. Factors influencing purchasing intentions for plant-based products include
perceived behavioral control, sensory perceptions, attitude, and informed tasting (Adzran
Mustapa et al., 2024). Furthermore, healthy
Republic vegetable-based
of the Philippinessnacks, consumer preferences
vary by product type, with personality traits and health consciousness positively associated
Department of Education
with willingness-to-pay (G. Okpiaifo et al., 2023). However, additional factors affecting
Region III
perception and purchasing attitudes include behavioral aspects, customer perspective,
Schools Division of Bulacan
demandDOÑA
and supply, health considerations,
CANDELARIA MENESES cost-effectiveness,
DUQUE NATIONAL and product standards (Arijit
HIGH SCHOOL
Roy et al., 2022). However, the lack of an effective supply chain and distribution system
remains a significant barrier to organic product availability (Arijit Roy et al., 2022).
From the above discussion on literature review, it can be concluded that various factors are
affecting the attitude, perceptions and purchasing power of customers. This study focuses on
how customer perceptions, attitude and purchasing power affects the choosing and buying of
plant based snacks. This study will also analyze if there’s other factors affecting or
preventing the patronization of plant based snacks.
Conceptual Framework
The researchers use this approach to know how Filipino consumers perceptions, attitude,
purchasing power and other factors affecting the patronization of plant based snacks.
Researchers also constructed the feature to represent the relationship among variables I n this
study.
Figure 1: Paradigm of the Study
Independent Variable Dependent Variable
Consumers Perception of Plant-Based
Snacks
Address: Purok 3 Bambang, Bulakan, Bulacan 3017
email: 300738@[Link]
contact no.:(044)760-6590
Consumers Attitude towards Plant-Based Purchasing Power related to Plant-
Snacks Based Snacks
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
The paradigm of the study is presented in Figure
1. The independent variable (IV) reflects the plant III
Region based snacks.. This also includes consumer
perception of plant-based snacks and consumer
Schools Division of attitude towards plant-based snacks. The
Bulacan
DOÑA
dependent CANDELARIA
variable MENESES
(DV) purchasing DUQUE
power related to NATIONAL HIGH The
plant-based snacks. SCHOOL
figure above
also shows the main concepts of the study that seeks to determine the consumers perception,
attitude and purchasing power towards plant based snacks. It is assumed that the purchasing
power of consumers and availability of plant based snacks will contribute to their decision of
buying plant based snacks.
Hypothesis
There is a significant relationship between plant based snacks and consumers perception,
attitude and purchasing power.
Definition of terms
Plant Based. Plant-based or plant-forward eating patterns focus on foods primarily from
plants. (Harvard, March 28, 2024)
Plant Based Snack. Consisting primarily or entirely of food (such as vegetables, fruits, nuts,
oils, and beans) derived from plants. (Merriam Webster, 2022)
Consumer. Consumer is a person who consumes a product or service. (Square Business
Glossary, 2020)
Address: Purok 3 Bambang, Bulakan, Bulacan 3017
email: 300738@[Link]
contact no.:(044)760-6590
Perception. The act of perceiving or the ability to perceive. (Collins Dictionary, 2019)
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Attitude. The way in which a person views and evaluates something or someone, a
Region III
predisposition or a tendency to respond positively or negatively toward a certain idea, object,
Schools Division of Bulacan
person,DOÑA
or situation. (Springer, June
CANDELARIA 25, 2016)DUQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
MENESES
Purchasing Power. Purchasing power is the amount of goods or services that a unit of
currency can buy at a given point in time. (Investopedia, 2020)
Economic Consideration. The factors related to the production, distribution, and consumption
of goods and services that influence agricultural practices and land use decisions. (Fiveable,
2019)
Chapter III
METHODOLOGY
This chapter reveals the methods of the research to be employed by the researcher in
conducting the study which includes the research design, the population, research instrument,
data gathering procedures, and appropriate statistical data with formula.
Research Design
Address: Purok 3 Bambang, Bulakan, Bulacan 3017
email: 300738@[Link]
contact no.:(044)760-6590
In this study, the researcher will use a quantitative type of research to know the Filipino
consumers (Students) perception, attitude and purchasing power towards plant-based snacks.
The researchers will select Filipino consumers (Students) who are knowledgeable about plant
based snacks. Specifically, the researchers
Republic use Philippines
of the close-ended questionnaires or structured
questionnaires. The researcher will distribute the survey questionnaire to the selected
Department of Education
students. The researcher will use descriptive design for the purpose of generalizing the
Region III
behavior, characteristics and attributes of the population.
Schools Division of Bulacan
DOÑA CANDELARIA MENESES DUQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Sample
The target population of the study are the Filipino consumers who are knowledgeable about
plant-based snacks. These customers has knowledge about plant-based snacks. These
customers (students) belongs to the Barangay Bambang Bulakan and studying in
DCMDNHS. With the population size of 30, the researcher would considered a sample of
30 . The researchers will use the purposive sampling technique.
The Instruments
This study will use the survey questionnaires to the selected customers (students) who are
knowledgeable about plant-based snacks. The researcher will analyze Filipino consumers
perception, attitude and purchasing power towards plant-based snacks. The questionnaire
consist of three parts with a total of sixteen (16) items through our variables. The first part of
Address: Purok 3 Bambang, Bulakan, Bulacan 3017
email: 300738@[Link]
contact no.:(044)760-6590
the questionnaire is consist of five questions. The first part is about the Filipino consumers
perception about plant-based snacks. Then the second part is all about the attitude of the
Filipino consumers towards plant-based snacks. It consist of five (5) questions. And the last
part is about Filipino consumers purchasing
Republic power
of the towards plant-based snacks, it consist of
Philippines
six (6) questions. All the questions answer only by checking the boxes of their correct
Department of Education
answer. To make sure that our questions cannot be offended to the respondents we validated
Region III
our questions through our subject teachers Sir Jericson S. San Jose and Sir Joselito Sioson.
Schools Division of Bulacan
DOÑA CANDELARIA MENESES DUQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Data Collection Procedure
The process for gathering the data in the study is described in the following steps:
1. The researcher will ask permission from the school principal to do a study outside of
the school. Also, permission to the respondents to do a data collection and their
responses will be kept confidential.
2. The questionnaires will be distributed to the selected respondents who live in
Bambang, Bulakan and the note of the approval of our school principal.
3. The questionnaire will be given out face to face.
4. The Questionnaires should be retrieved after the respondents finish answering.
Ethical Consideration in Data Collection
To know who are the researchers of this study, the people must know their names,
organization and why they need to collect the data when you approach that person. The
Address: Purok 3 Bambang, Bulakan, Bulacan 3017
email: 300738@[Link]
contact no.:(044)760-6590
researcher should ask permission first from the participant, and the researcher should give
information about the study, so that they have a background knowledge about the study that
the researchers conducting. The participants are free to elude from any data investigation,
collection or invention. The researcher
Republicmust notPhilippines
of the include anything that will harm or cause
emotional stress to the participant. Be respectful when you are talking or asking the
Department of Education
respondents to be part of your study. Respect the participants time when they said they are
Region III
not available. Protect the data that you got from the participants.
Schools Division of Bulacan
DOÑA CANDELARIA MENESES DUQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Plan for Data Analysis
After collecting the questionnaires from the respondents of our research from different purok
in Bambang, the researchers are going to attach the survey questionnaires to the research
paper. The researcher will use descriptive statistic to analyze the variables in the study. The
researchers’ weighted mean would be computed to represent the respondents. Answer the
question presented under the Statement of the Problem. To get the weighted mean the
researchers Calculate the weighted value of each data point by multiplying each data point
value by its weight. Sum the weighted values by adding the weighted value of each data
point. Divide the sum by the sum of the weights for each data point.
Address: Purok 3 Bambang, Bulakan, Bulacan 3017
email: 300738@[Link]
contact no.:(044)760-6590
