LAWS OF INDICES
STARTER
Find the value of
1. 52 6. (-2)2 + 32
2. (-2)3 7. 2-2 x 3-2
3. 34 8. 5-3 x 42
4. (-4)2 9. (-4)-3
5. 3-2 10. 63
DEFINITION
The INDEX of a number says
how many times to use the number
in a multiplication.
DEFINITION
The INDEX of a number says
how many times to use the number
in a multiplication.
DEFINITION
The INDEX of a number says
how many times to use the number
in a multiplication.
In 82 the "2" says to use 8
twice in a multiplication,
so 82 = 8 × 8 = 64
LAWS OF INDICES
(1) MULTIPLICATION LAW
𝑥 𝑛 × 𝑚
𝑥 = 𝑥 𝑛+𝑚
example:
𝑥 3 × 4
𝑥 = 𝑥 7
LAWS OF INDICES
(2.1) DIVISION LAW 𝑛>𝑚
𝑥 𝑛 ÷ 𝑚
𝑥 = 𝑥 𝑛−𝑚
example:
𝑥 5 ÷ 2
𝑥 = 𝑥 3
LAWS OF INDICES
(2.2) DIVISION LAW 𝑛<𝑚
𝑛 𝑚
1
𝑥 ÷ 𝑥 = 𝑚−𝑛
𝑥
example:
3 7
1
𝑥 ÷ 𝑥 = 4
𝑥
LAWS OF INDICES
(2.3) DIVISION LAW 𝑛=𝑚
𝑛 𝑚
𝑥 ÷ 𝑥 = 1
𝑥 5
example: 5 5
𝑥 ÷ 𝑥 = 5
=1
𝑥
LAWS OF INDICES
(3) PRODUCT LAW
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
(𝑥𝑦) = 𝑥 𝑦
example: 3 3 3
(2𝑥) = 2 𝑥
3
= 8𝑥
LAWS OF INDICES
(4) QUOTIENT LAW
𝑛 𝑛
𝑥 𝑥
= 𝑛
𝑦 𝑦
example:
4
3 81
= 4
𝑥 𝑥
LAWS OF INDICES
(5) POWER LAW
𝑛 𝑚 𝑛𝑚
𝑥 =𝑥
example:
3 2 6
𝑥 =𝑥
LAWS OF INDICES
(6) NEGATIVE INDEX
−𝑛
1
(𝑥) = 𝑛
𝑥
example 1:
−3
2
2𝑥 = 3
𝑥
LAWS OF INDICES
(6) NEGATIVE INDEX
−𝑛
1
(𝑥) = 𝑛
𝑥
example 2:
−3
1 1
2𝑥 = 3
= 3
2𝑥 8𝑥
LAWS OF INDICES
(7) ZER0 INDEX
𝑥 0 =1
examples: 0
12 = 1
0
(2𝑥) = 1
0
2𝑥 = 2 1 = 2
LET’S SUMMARISE WHAT WE
HAVE LEARNED…
LAWS OF INDICES
MULTIPLICATION LAW
DIVISION LAW
POWER LAW
PRODUCT LAW
QUOTIENT LAW
ZERO INDEX
NEGATIVE INDEX
CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING 1
[Link]
wB5wyHM3PJ80sGw0NCHA8/copy
INSTRUCTIONS:
Students should write their working
and answers in the notebook
CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING 2
worksheet
Application
On Monday, Erik tells 3 people a secret. The next day
each of them tells 3 more people. If this pattern
continues, how many people besides Erik will know the
secret on Friday?
PLENARY
[Link]
4acd-83bf-01ff8d3685d4
