PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

21EE1908 - Utilization and Conservation of Electrical Energy
QUESTION BANK
UNIT-I SET- 5
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Which system uses a conductor rail to supply power to trains?
a) Overhead AC
b) Third-rail DC
c) Pantograph system
d) Diesel-electric system
Answer: b) Third-rail DC
2. What happens during regenerative braking in electric trains?
a) Energy is dissipated as heat.
b) Kinetic energy is converted into electrical energy.
c) Braking force is provided by mechanical friction.
d) The train stops due to air resistance.
Answer: b) Kinetic energy is converted into electrical energy.
3. What type of braking system is ideal for high-speed trains?
a) Mechanical braking
b) Regenerative braking
c) Pneumatic braking
d) Hydraulic braking
Answer: b) Regenerative braking
4. Which of the following determines the total resistance faced by a train?
a) Speed, air resistance, and gradient resistance
b) Voltage, torque, and power factor
c) Rolling resistance, heat loss, and motor type
d) Weight, motor type, and pantograph efficiency
Answer: a) Speed, air resistance, and gradient resistance
5. What is the main benefit of using AC railway electrification for long-distance trains?
a) Reduced cost of locomotives
b) Higher energy transmission efficiency
c) Simpler control systems
d) Increased braking force
Answer: b) Higher energy transmission efficiency

Fill in the Blanks

 1. The ________ system of electrification uses a single-phase 25kV AC supply.
Answer: overhead wire
2. ________ braking involves using a resistor to convert electrical energy into heat.
Answer: Rheostatic
3. The rolling resistance of a train depends on the ________ of the wheels and the track
surface.
Answer: condition
4. ________ is the braking method where the kinetic energy is fed back into the power
grid.
Answer: Regenerative braking
5. In traction systems, torque is directly proportional to the ________ of the motor.
Answer: current

True or False
1. Electric trains using pantographs are powered by overhead AC lines.
Answer: True
2. Diesel-electric locomotives rely solely on mechanical energy for propulsion.
Answer: False
3. Air resistance increases linearly with the speed of a train.
Answer: False
4. Regenerative braking cannot operate when the power grid is offline.
Answer: True
5. Rolling resistance is a major factor in determining train energy consumption on flat
tracks.
Answer: True

Short Questions
1. What is the role of a pantograph in railway systems?
A pantograph collects electrical power from overhead wires and transfers it to the
train's traction system. It is essential for AC-powered trains.
Answer: It enables power collection.
2. What is the function of rolling resistance in train motion?
Rolling resistance is the resistance caused by the interaction of the wheels with the
track surface, opposing the motion of the train.
Answer: It affects energy efficiency.
3. How does regenerative braking improve energy efficiency?
Regenerative braking converts a train’s kinetic energy back into electrical energy,
 reducing energy wastage and improving overall efficiency.
Answer: It minimizes energy loss.
4. Why is 25kV AC used for long-distance railway systems?
The 25kV AC system allows for efficient energy transmission over long distances
with reduced power losses.
Answer: It supports high operational efficiency.
5. What factors influence the gradient resistance of a train?
Gradient resistance depends on the angle of the track inclination and the train's
weight.
Answer: It impacts uphill motion.

Match the Following

Match the following types of electric traction systems with their advantages:
Column 1 Column 2

A. Overhead Line
1. Suitable for high-speed trains and long-distance travel
Electrification

2. Works well in areas with limited space for overhead

B. Third Rail Electrification
lines

3. Combines conventional and electric power for

C. Hybrid Electric Traction
flexibility

4. Suitable for short distances and can operate

D. Battery-Powered Traction
independently of tracks

E. Combined Electrification 5. Provides continuous power from both trackside rails

System and overhead wires
Options:
1. A - 1, B - 2, C - 3, D - 4, E - 5
2. A - 5, B - 3, C - 2, D - 4, E - 1
3. A - 3, B - 1, C - 4, D - 5, E - 2
4. A - 1, B - 2, C - 5, D - 4, E - 3
Answer: 1. A - 1, B - 2, C - 3, D - 4, E - 5

Match the following traction components with their functions:

Column 1 Column 2

A. Electric Braking 1. Slows down or stops the train using regenerative energy
Column 1 Column 2

System

B. Traction Motor 2. Provides propulsion power to the train

C. Electric Power
3. Converts high-voltage AC into suitable DC for traction
Converter

D. Speed Regulator 4. Controls the speed of the train by regulating motor power

5. Recycles energy to reduce energy consumption while

E. Regenerative Braking
slowing down the train
Options:
1. A - 1, B - 2, C - 3, D - 4, E - 5
2. A - 4, B - 2, C - 3, D - 1, E - 5
3. A - 5, B - 3, C - 2, D - 4, E - 1
4. A - 1, B - 4, C - 3, D - 2, E - 5
Answer: 1. A - 1, B - 2, C - 3, D - 4, E - 5

Match the following types of traction systems with their energy consumption aspects:
Column 1 Column 2

1. Saves energy by converting kinetic energy back to

A. Regenerative Braking
electrical energy

2. Requires low maintenance and has moderate energy

B. Induction Motor
consumption

3. Provides efficient and stable operation with fixed-speed

C. Synchronous Motor
characteristics

D. Battery-Powered 4. Operates on stored energy and reduces dependency on

Traction grid power

E. Overhead Line 5. Utilizes continuous external power supply for higher

Electrification efficiency in long-distance travel
Options:
1. A - 1, B - 2, C - 3, D - 4, E - 5
2. A - 5, B - 3, C - 2, D - 4, E - 1
3. A - 1, B - 2, C - 4, D - 3, E - 5
4. A - 4, B - 3, C - 5, D - 2, E - 1
Answer: 1. A - 1, B - 2, C - 3, D - 4, E - 5

Match the following components of electric motor control with their applications:
Column 1 Column 2

A. Slip Ring Induction Motor 1. Used for high torque starting and speed control

B. Synchronous Motor
2. Provides a constant speed operation in power stations
Control

3. Regulates speed for accurate operation in electric

C. Speed Control System
drives

D. Electric Power Supply 4. Supplies electrical energy to drive the motor

5. Captures energy during braking to improve system

E. Energy Regeneration
efficiency
Options:
1. A - 1, B - 2, C - 3, D - 4, E - 5
2. A - 4, B - 3, C - 2, D - 1, E - 5
3. A - 5, B - 1, C - 3, D - 4, E - 2
4. A - 1, B - 4, C - 3, D - 2, E - 5
Answer: 1. A - 1, B - 2, C - 3, D - 4, E - 5
5. match on braking
Column 1 Column 2

A. Pantograph 1. Collects power from overhead lines

B. Third Rail 2. Supplies power in urban transit systems

C. Rheostatic Braking 3. Converts electrical energy into heat

D. Regenerative Braking 4. Feeds energy back into the grid

Options:
1. A - 1, B - 2, C - 3, D - 4
2. A - 4, B - 1, C - 2, D - 3
3. A - 3, B - 4, C - 1, D - 2
4. A - 2, B - 3, C - 4, D - 1
Answer: 1. A - 1, B - 2, C - 3, D - 4
Question 2
Column 1 Column 2

A. Rolling Resistance 1. Depends on wheel and track condition

B. Gradient Resistance 2. Depends on track slope and train weight

C. Air Resistance 3. Increases with the square of speed

D. Train Efficiency 4. Ratio of useful output to energy input

Options:
1. A - 1, B - 2, C - 3, D - 4
2. A - 4, B - 3, C - 1, D - 2
3. A - 3, B - 4, C - 2, D - 1
4. A - 2, B - 1, C - 4, D - 3
Answer: 1. A - 1, B - 2, C - 3, D - 4
Question 3
Column 1 Column 2

A. Traction Motor 1. Provides torque for train propulsion

B. Power Transformer 2. Steps down voltage for traction motors

C. Air Brakes 3. Uses compressed air for braking

D. Energy Consumption 4. Depends on train weight and resistance

Options:
1. A - 1, B - 2, C - 3, D - 4
2. A - 3, B - 1, C - 4, D - 2
3. A - 4, B - 3, C - 2, D - 1
4. A - 2, B - 4, C - 1, D - 3
Answer: 1. A - 1, B - 2, C - 3, D - 4
Question 4
Column 1 Column 2

A. DC Motors 1. Suitable for metro rail systems

B. 25kV AC System 2. Preferred for high-speed rail networks

C. Collector Shoe 3. Used for third-rail power collection

D. Train Resistance 4. Sum of rolling, gradient, and air resistance

Options:
1. A - 1, B - 2, C - 3, D - 4
2. A - 3, B - 4, C - 1, D - 2
3. A - 4, B - 3, C - 2, D - 1
4. A - 2, B - 1, C - 4, D - 3
Answer: 1. A - 1, B - 2, C - 3, D - 4
Question 5
Column 1 Column 2

A. Train Acceleration 1. Depends on torque-speed characteristic

B. Braking Efficiency 2. Improved by regenerative braking

C. Voltage Transmission 3. High efficiency in AC systems

D. Track Equipment 4. Includes rails and signaling devices

Options:
1. A - 1, B - 2, C - 3, D - 4
2. A - 4, B - 1, C - 2, D - 3
3. A - 3, B - 4, C - 1, D - 2
4. A - 2, B - 3, C - 4, D - 1
Answer: 1. A - 1, B - 2, C - 3, D - 4