Geography-5
Ch.20
Industries
I Answer the following questions in a word or sentence (1 M each) :
1. What is smelting?
Ans : Smelting is the process in which metals are extracted from their ores by healing beyond their
melting point.
2. Why is steel called the backbone of modern industries?
Ans : Steel is called the backbone of modern industries because almost everything we use is either
made up of steel or is made by using devices and tools made of steel.
3. What does the term ‘Industry’ mean?
Ans : Industry refers to an economic activity that is concerned with production of goods, extraction
of minerals or the provision of services.
4. Why do industrial accidents usually happen?
Ans : industrial accidents usually happen due to technical failure or irresponsible handling of
hazardous material.
5. Which place is called the ‘Manchester of India’?
Ans : Ahmedabad is called ‘Manchester of India’.
II Answer the following questions (2 M each) :
6. Give the similarities between Pittsburg and Jamshedpur?
Ans : There are a lot of similarities between Pittsburg and Jamshedpur some of them are
❖ Both of them have an early start.
❖ Both are located fairly close to raw material source.
❖ Both are well connected by roads and railways.
7. Where the first textile mill was successfully set up in India? What was the reason of its success?
Ans : The first successful textile mill was set up in Mumbai in 1854. The reasons for its success
were:
❖ This place has warm and moist climate which is suitable for cotton textile.
❖ The port was situated nearly for importing machinery and easy availability of raw materials
and skilled labour influence the expansion of cotton textiles in Mumbai.
8. Write a note on Petrochemical industry.
Ans : The chemicals derived from petroleum and natural gas are called petrochemicals.
Petrochemicals are used in the manufacturing of plastic, synthetic fibers, drugs, detergents,
fertilizers, pesticides and explosive.
Petrochemicals factories are usually located near oil refineries.
III Answer the following questions (3 M each)
9. Mention the factors for healthy IT industries.
Ans : IT includes everything that is necessary to process store on transfer information in digital
form. The IT industry flourished at Bangalore. The guiding factors behind healthy IT are:
• Availability of skilled persons with good working experience.
• Largest number of educational institutions.
• The city was having a mild climate with low cost of living.
10. What are the factors that affect the location of industries in an area? Explain briefly any two of
them.
Ans : The location of an industries is affected by the following availability factors.
❖ Availability of raw materials.
❖ Land
❖ Water
❖ Labour
❖ Power
❖ Capital
❖ Transport
❖ Market
❖ Availability of raw materials: Industries are located near source or region of the raw
materials. For example: Sugar industries are situated near sugarcane producing area.
❖ Power: Power is one of the important factors because without power source, no industry can
run coal, mineral oil and Hydel power are the three important power resources rest of the
industries concentrate near the sources of power.
11. Classify the industry on the basis of raw material used.
Ans : On the basis of raw materials used industries can be classified as :
❖ Agro – based Industries: The raw material of these industries consists of plant and animal
based product. For example: Cotton textile industry.
❖ Mineral – based Industries: The raw materials of these industries consist of mineral ores. For
example: Iron industry.
❖ Forest – based industries: The raw materials of these industries consist of forest products.
For example: Paper industry.
❖ Marine – based industries: The raw materials of these industries consist of lakes, seas and
ocean product. For example: Sea food and oil refineries.
IV Answer the following questions ( 4-5 M each) :
12. What are the significances of Agro-based industries in Indian company?
Ans : The significance of Agro – based industries of Indian economy are as follows.
• Indian Economy is purely on agricultural based economy.
• The Industrial development of the country depends on the development of agriculture
• Agriculture provides raw materials.
• Agro-based industries provide employment to hundreds of people.
• The product of the agro-based industries is exported to other countries and thus our
country earns huge foreign exchange.
• These industries also supply many valuables products to the people of our country.
