10/19/2024

DIGITAL SKILLS COURSE

CHAPTER 3 :UNDERSTANDING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

(AI)
AN OVERVIEW OF AI CONCEPTS, APPLICATIONS, AND IMPLICATIONS.

CONTENTS

1. What is Intelligence?

2. What is Artificial Intelligence (AI)?

3. Types of AI

4. Weak AI

5. Some Benefits and applications of AI

6. Ethical considerations in AI

7. The Future of AI

8. Current state of AI

9. Generative AI example: ChatGPT

• Start using ChatGPT

• Prompt examples

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What is Intelligence?

Intelligence is the capacity for abstraction, logic,

understanding, self-awareness, learning,
emotional knowledge, reasoning, planning,
creativity, critical thinking, and problem-solving.

Human intelligence is unique because it

involves self-awareness, consciousness,
intuition, and creativity.

What is Artificial Intelligence (AI) ?

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a branch

of computer science, and it refers to
the simulation of human
intelligence in machines, enabling
them to perform tasks that typically
require human intelligence.

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Types of AI

Types of AI

General AI (Strong AI or
Narrow AI (Weak AI) AGI) Superintelligent AI (ASI)
Hypothetical AI that possesses A theoretical form of AI that
AI systems designed and
the ability to understand, learn, surpasses human
trained to perform specific and apply knowledge across a
tasks. intelligence in all aspects
wide range of tasks, much like a
(Chatgpt , siri) human. (doesn't exist yet) .
(doesn't exist yet)

Weak AI
• Artificial intelligence today is called weak AI because it simulates thinking
and did not reach to the level of human intelligence yet.

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Weak AI tasks
• Weak AI can only perform specific tasks such as:

problem-
•Learning Perception
solving

Natural
Reasoning Language
processing

Weak AI tasks

• an act of defining a problem; determining the cause of the problem; identifying,

•Problem
prioritizing, and selecting alternatives for a solution; and implementing a solution.
solving:
(example: Google maps)

Logical • deriving new information from existing information using logical rules and principles.
Reasoning: (example: Computer Chess game)

• It is the acquisition of information, knowledge, and skills resulted from experience.

Learning:
(example: social media algorithms)

• is the process of interpreting the environment to produce a meaningful experience of

Perception: the world. Intelligent agents can perceive their environment, learn from experience,
and take actions to achieve specific goal (example: self driving cars)
Natural
language • the ability to interpret, manipulate, and comprehend human language
processing (example: ChatGPT)
(NLP):

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Some benefits and applications of AI

Applications of AI
Healthcare: AI helps doctors find
diseases earlier and suggest better
Faster Work: AI can do tasks much
Benefits of AI

treatments
quicker than humans, like solving
problems or analyzing data.

Pharmacy: AI can help in the

Helps in Daily Life: AI powers medication discovery process.
things like voice assistants (Siri,
Alexa), which make our lives easier
by answering questions or helping Customer Service: Chatbots
with tasks. powered by AI can answer our
questions and solve problems
Better Decisions: AI can help online, day or night.
people make better decisions by
giving useful suggestions, like
showing us what to watch or buy
Education: AI automates the
based on our interests.
grading process.

Ethical Considerations in AI

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The Future of AI
AI is increasingly influencing daily life, and it will lead to breakthroughs in various
fields.
1. Ethical guidelines: We need to develop global standards and frameworks for the
ethical guidelines for using AI.
• These ethical guidelines should be based on moral values that are broadly
accepted across societies, ensuring an unbiased and equitable approach.
2. Human and AI:
• Humans should understand that AI will never replace them except when they
decide to be replaced.
• Humans should understand that they are unique and should not depend on AI
in all tasks.
• The future involves collaboration between humans and AI.

Current state of AI
Deeper Look to AI
Term Definition

Artificial Artificial Intelligence (AI): Teaching machines

Intelligence to act like humans.

Machine Learning (ML): This is a type of AI where

Machine
machines learn from data. they analyze data to find
Learning
patterns and make decisions using algorithms.

Deep Learning : advanced type of Machine

Deep Learning
Learning .

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Current state of AI
Important Terms
Term Definition Examples

Generative AI: This is a type of AI that can create new  GPT

Generative AI content, like images, text, or music. It learns from  DALL-E (specialized for images)
(Gen AI) existing data and then generates something similar but  LLMs ( specialized for
generating text
new, often using techniques from deep learning.

 ChatGPT (OpenAI)
Chatbots: AI tools that use Generative AI to mimic  Gemini (Google)
 Copilot (Microsoft)
Chatbots human conversation and answer questions  Poe Assistant (Anthropic)
automatically.  Claude (Anthropic)

Prompt A prompt is the input or question given to a chatbot for a response.

Prompt Engineering Prompt Engineering involves writing prompts to get the best answers.

Current state of AI
Example

• Artificial Intelligence : We want the computer to recognize a cat picture, we use AI

techniques to help the computer to understand what a cat by programming.
• Machine Learning (ML): With machine learning, we take a large number of cat
pictures and let the computer analyze them. It learns to recognize patterns, like the
shape of a cat's ears or the texture of its fur, and eventually can decide whether a new
picture is likely to be a cat or not.
• Deep Learning: For deep learning, we would use a complex structure called a Neural
Network to analyze the cat pictures​
• Generative AI: we want the computer to create new cat pictures instead of just
recognizing them, we’d use generative AI. It learns from a large dataset of cat images
and then can produce entirely new, unique pictures of cats that didn’t exist before. So
instead of just saying, “Yes, this is a cat,” it can actually draw you a picture of one!​

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Current state of AI:

Generative AI

Generative AI example
ChatGPT chatbot

ChatGPT uses: Offering information on various topics.

helping with writing like summarizing and paraphrasing

Helping in brainstorming and problem-solving.

Preparing plans and presentations

Giving information about images and files

Content creation

Translation

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Generative AI example
Start using ChatGPT

• Visit chat.openai.com or download

the mobile app or open
https://chatgpt.com/
• Sign up for a free OpenAI account.
• Click 'New Chat' to start a
conversation.
• Type your message or question
into the chat interface.
• ChatGPT will generate a response
in real-time.
• Continue the conversation or ask
follow-up questions.

Generative AI example
Chatbot: prompt examples (ChatGPT, Copilot, Gemini, Claude)
• Use the following prompts:
1. Translate this paragraph to Arabic ( use ChatGPT, Copilot, Gemini):
Deep learning is a subset of machine learning that uses neural networks with many layers (hence "deep") to model and
understand complex patterns in large datasets. These neural networks are inspired by the structure and function of the
human brain, with interconnected nodes (neurons) working together to process information. Deep learning algorithms
excel in tasks such as image and speech recognition, natural language processing, and game playing, by automatically
learning to extract relevant features from raw data. This approach reduces the need for manual feature engineering,
making it highly effective for solving complex problems. Its success is largely due to advances in computational power,
the availability of large datasets, and improvements in training algorithms.
2. Summarize this article: https://www.edutopia.org/article/5-blended-learning-strategies-middle-high-school/
3. Explain the concept of Artificial Intelligence
4. (Enhanced prompt) Explain the concept of Artificial Intelligence in simple terms suitable for a high school student, and
use headings
5. Prepare a presentation of 6 slides about Healthy life
6. Generate a diagram for water cycle in nature (Use ChatGPT, Claude)
7. Generate a picture for water cycle in nature (Use Gemini)
8. Explain the following image (use Claude, ChatGPT)