1.
Using the 5 listed books, write a reference list;
[1] J. G. Skakoon, The Unwritten Laws of Engineering, 2nd ed., New York, NY,
USA: ASME, 2019
[2] M. Macgrath. “New development could lead to more effective light bulbs.”
BBC News. Accessed Jan. 12, 2016. [Online.] Available:
[Link]/news/science-environment-35284112
[3] I. Khan, K. Saeed, and I. Khan, Eds., “Arabian Journal of Chemistry - Issue
7”, in Arabian Journal of Chemistry, Nov. 2019 [Online]. Available:
[Link]/science/article/pii/S1878535217300990
[4] B. Monroe, “The Internet in Indian Country”, Computers and Composition,
vol. 19, pp. 285-289, 2002
[5] H. Emadi, “A game-theoretic framework for contingency analysis in power
systems”, Grad. Dissertation, Iowa State Univ.,Ames, IA, USA, 2021
2. For your own approved research topic or project study, identify and list 5
references using the IEEE style.
Research Topic:
Analysis: Mechanical and Electronic Meters and its impact to sales of the
Distribution Utility and its consumer
Electric meter is a device that measures the amount of electricity usage billed and
charged by the DU to the consumer. Meters are classified into two primary type
which is Mechanical and Electronic. Each has unique characteristics and
functionality that has impact on Distribution Utility and its customer [1]. Expenses
incurred on electricity consumption are one of those expenses which one must bear
on a regular basis, this is why all meters are tested and calibrated to as close to
zero error as possible.
Mechanical meters are traditional meters which operates with electromagnetic
induction driving the rotating disk with a speed and revolution equivalent to the
amount consumed energy. Advantages of this meter type is its durability. Its long
life makes it reliable for long-term usage. [2] The downside is mechanical meters
can be less precise. Their performance deteriorates due to wear and tear effect of
environmental factors.[3]
Electronic meters on the other hand are developed with the advancement of
technology. Electronic or digital meters provide superior accuracy compared to
mechanical meters. They are capable of enhanced operational efficiency improving
billing accuracy. [4] Their high accuracy and advanced features, monitoring of
energy consumption are beneficial to both the DU and consumer. [5]
Electricity meters are vital part of our daily lives used to measure our energy usage
and play a crucial role in managing our electricity bills and conserving energy.
Regardless of the meter type, all kilowatt-hour meters are subjected to deterioration
with the passage of time. We could not deny that mechanical meters could
withstand years in service, but it should also be considered that with lower power
consumption, the less energy losses. The transition from mechanical to electronic
meters represents a significant evolution in metering technology. With the demand
on the power grid rapidly changing, many utilities are looking to modernization
plans to meet these challenges. Electronic kWh meters play a crucial role in the
development of smart grid infrastructure, a substantial long-term investment of a
utility for the to enhance and strengthen its vision of giving a quality service to its
community.
REFERENCES:
[1] Genus Power, “Understanding How Electricity Meters Work and Why It Matters”,
Genus Power. Sept. 14, 2024. [Online.] Available:
[Link]
matters/
[2] S. Bimenyimana and G. N. O. Assemota “Traditional Vs Smart Electricity
Systems: A Brief Overview”, Journal of Marketing and Consumer Research, vol. 46,
2018. [Online.] Available:
[Link]
ty_Metering_Systems_A_Brief_Overview
[3] Zhejiang Yongtailong Electronic Co., Ltd., “What is the difference between
electronic electricity meter and mechanical energy meter?”, Linkedin, Accessed:
Sep. 14, 2024. [Online.] Available: [Link]
between-electronic-electricity-meter-mechanical
[4] S. Kumar, “Understanding the Different Types of Meters Used in Energy
Management”, Fenice Energy. Accessed Sep. 14, 2024. [Online.] Available:
[Link]
energy-management/
[5] D. Rivera, “ERC reviews rules ahead of advanced metering infrastructure”, The
Philippine Star. Accessed: Sep. 14, 2024. [Online.] Available:
[Link]
advanced-metering-infrastructure
