Gazellian College Foundation Inc.
Kabulusan Magallanes, Cavite
Module in Science 8
October 21-25, 2024
I. Objectives:
Given the necessary materials, the students should be able to:
1. define tsunami;
2. explain how tsunamis are generated;
3. describe the relationship between earthquakes and tsunamis; and
4. identify the different tsunami warnings.
II. Topic: Earthquake and Tsunamis: How tsunamis are generated?
III. Discussion of the Lesson
A. Engage
Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer in your yellow
paper.
2. What is the immediate energy source for earthquakes?
A. Stored elastic energy in bent rock
B. Stored heat energy from the earth's interior
C. Stored heat energy from the sun
3. The point where movement occurred which triggered the earthquake is the _______.
A. Fault line
B. Focus
C. Epicenter
4. Where do most earthquakes occur?
A. Along dikes
B. Along faults
C. Along folds
5. Where is the focus with respect to the epicentre? The focus is located
____________________.
A. directly below the epicentre
B. directly above the epicentre
C. beside the focus.
6. Which of the following can be triggered by an earthquake?
A. tsunami
B. volcanic eruption
C. Hurricane
B. Answer this question in your yellow paper.
How are tsunamis generated?
C. Explanation of the Lesson.
TSUNAMI
Tsunami is a “tidal wave” or a giant wave caused by earthquakes, landslides or
volcanic eruption under the sea.
The word “Tsunami” comes from the Japanese characters for harbor (“tsu”) and
wave (“nami”).
Tsunami can be very destructive especially if the earthquake that took place
under the sea is strong. A tsunami attack force can devastate the whole coastal
towns and cities.
Most Tsunamis happen within the Pacific Ocean’s Ring of Fire, a geologically
active area where tectonic shifts make volcanoes and earthquakes common.
TSUNAMI SIGNS
HOW A TSUNAMI FORMS
Let’s study further how tsunamis are generated. Click on the black dots on the diagram
starting from the first stage up to the last stage of a tsunami based on the simulation
you explored a while ago.
2. Sets off an oscillation which develops
underwater. Series of waves travels
outwards at high speed and low wave
height.
Sea water is sucked back from the shore
1. Underwater Earthquake
When movement along a fault
moves the seafloor upward, water
is also pushed upward and
becomes tsunami waves.
3. As the waves approach
shallower water, the speed
deacreases and wave height
increases.
4. As it approaches the coastline, it forms
giant waves. They make fast, strong tides
causing the sea level to rise quickly becoming
a threat to life and property.
D. Elaborate. Read and Understand.
Has there ever been a tsunami in the Philippines?
Maybe you are wondering about this too because you haven’t heard anything from the
news about this.
Since 1749, a total of 21 tsunamis have hit the Philippines and a total of 4,868 people
died. Compared to other countries, Tsunamis therefore occur more often than
average, but still moderate.
The last measurable tsunami in the Philippines affected the
northern and the eastern seaboards on 11th March, 2011.
In that event, tsunami waves of around half a meter,
resulting from a relatively shallow and very large 8.9
magnitude earthquake off the coast off Miyagi prefecture,
Honshu, Japan, arrived in the early evening and caused
little or no damage, and no loss of life.
19 provinces in the Philippine faced the threat of tsunami.
Look at the red marks on the picture.
Prior to March 2011, the last recorded tsunami in the
Philippines, that caused a death toll of 41 people, occurred
in the Verde Island Passage (between Batangas & Mindoro Island, affecting Puerto
Galera) in November 1994
It originated from a 7.1 magnitude earthquake, 11 KM West of the Baco Islands,
according to the PHILVOLCS. The tsunami waves were measured at 6 meters in
many areas when they reached land, but up to 8.5 meters in a few locations (primarily
the Baco islands).
The 1976 Moro Gulf tsunami
In 1976, the most devastating tsunami in the history of the Philippines hit the
Moro Gulf region and killed around 8,000 people.
The waves as high as 9 meters reached the shore and flood the communities
along the Moro Gulf.
The tsunami affected 700 kilometers of coastline, with Pagadian City, Cotabato
City, Zamboanga City, and Lebak in Sultan Kudarat experiencing the highest
waves.
About 8,000 people died, including those missing and were never found,
making it the most disastrous tsunami to hit the Philippines.
To provide you with more informations and updates about Earthquakes and Tsunamis
in the Philippines, you may go the website of Philippine Institute of Volcanology and
Seismology(PHILVOLCS) or you may check this link below:
[Link]
This website can provide you with Tsunami Advisory and Warning and even an
access to Tsunami Hazard maps.
After exploring the website of PHILVOCS, reflect on the following:
Based on your own assessment, do you think our coastal communities are prepared
for a tsunami?
In what ways can you help to make the coastal community become aware of the
possibility that they may be hit by a tsunami?
E. Evaluate
A. Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer in a yellow paper.
1. Which is NOT a warning sign of a tsunami?
A. Like a train roaring sound from the sea
B. The sky suddenly clears
C. Seawater suddenly retreats from the shore
D. An earthquake
2. Where is tsunami most likely to happen?
A. Pacific Ocean
B. Caribbean Sea
C. Indian Ocean
D. North Atlantic Ocean
3. Where was the largest tsunami in the Philippine history recorded?
A. Isabela
B. Moro Gulf region
C. Verde Island passage
D. Catanduanes
B. B. Write True if the statement Is true, otherwise write False. Write your answer in a yellow paper.
1. Tsunamis can happen when there is an earthquake underwater.
2. Tsunamis only last for a short period of time.
3. Tsunami displaces water from the ocean to bring it to the shore.
4. Most tsunamis occur in Pacific ocean because it is near the Pacific Ring of Fire.
5. Tsunami can also happen in small bodies of water like river and pond.
CONGRATULATIONS IN FINISHING THIS MODULE. SUBMISSION WILL BE ON MONDAY. SEE YOU AND
HAVE A BLAST LONG WEEKEND.
