UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING

GURU GOBIND SINGH INDRAPRASTHA UNIVERSITY

Dwarka, sector 16C, Delhi

GURU GOBIND SINGH

INDRAPRASTHA
UNIVERSITY

RESEARCH PAPER, 2020-21

IMPACT OF URBANIZATION ON THE

TRANSFORMATION OF URBAN
VILLAGE.

AMIT KUMAR SHARMA

Fourth Year
Section A
2020-2021

GUIDE
(Prof. Avtar Singh)
 Impact of Urbanization on the Transformation of Urban Village

GURU GOBIND SINGH INDRAPRASTHA UNIVERSITY

Dwarka sec-16 C, New Delhi-110078

APPROVAL
Research paper title:

Impact of urbanization on the transformation of urban village.

The following study is hereby approved as a credible work on the approved subject, carried out
and presented in a manner sufficiently to warrant its acceptance as a prerequisite to the degree
for which it has been submitted.
It is to be informed that by this approval the undersigned does not necessarily endorse or approve
any statement made, opinion expressed or conclusion drawn therein, but approves the study for
the purpose of which it is submitted herself as to the requirement laid down by the dissertation
committee.

Date:

Submitted by: Prof. Avtar Singh

Amit Kumar Sharma (Guide)

4th year Sec-A

(05717301617)

AR. Rekha Baskaran

External examiner (Research paper coordinator)

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 Impact of Urbanization on the Transformation of Urban Village

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I AM INDEBTED TO MY GUIDE Prof. Avtar Singh WHO HAS GIVEN ME HIS GUIDANCE AND

HELPED ME IN REVIEWING AND REFINING THE WORK OF THIS DISSERTATION. I AM

OBLIGED TO MY DISSERTATION COORDINATOR MRS. REKHA BHASKARAN FOR THEIR

DEEP INVOLVEMENT AND FOR SHOWING THE RIGHT DIRECTION TO COMPLETE THIS

DISSERTATION.

LAST BUT NOT THE LEAST I AM THANKFUL TO ALL THOSE WHO HELPED ME IN THE

PREPARATION OF THIS DISSERTATION.

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 Impact of Urbanization on the Transformation of Urban Village

CONTENT
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................. 7
1.1) Abstract ............................................................................................................................... 7
1.2) Background .......................................................................................................................... 7
1.3) Relevance Of Study ............................................................................................................. 8
1.4) Scope Of Study .................................................................................................................... 9
1.5) Aim ..................................................................................................................................... 10
1.6) Objective ............................................................................................................................ 10
1.7) Hypothesis .......................................................................................................................... 10
1.8) Limitation .......................................................................................................................... 10
1.9) Methodology ...................................................................................................................... 11
CHAPTER 2 CHANGE IN PROFILE OF URBAN VILLAGE
2.1) Laldora Exemption........................................................................................................... 12
2.2) Transformation.................................................................................................................. 12
2.3) Selection Of Case Study .................................................................................................... 13
CHAPTER 3 ABOUT THE VILLAGE
3.1) History Of Village ............................................................................................................. 15
3.2) Professional Practice ........................................................................................................ 16
3.3) Role Of Family Members In The Craft .......................................................................... 19
3.3.1) Women............................................................................................................................. 19
3.3.2) Men .................................................................................................................................. 20
3.3.3) Children........................................................................................................................... 21
CHAPTER 3 QUALITY OF LIFE IN URBAN VILLAGE
4.1) Light And Ventilation ....................................................................................................... 22
4.2) Street Life ........................................................................................................................... 23
4.2.1) Traffic .............................................................................................................................. 23
4.2.2) Function Of The Street .................................................................................................. 24
4.3) Physical Infrastructure ..................................................................................................... 24
4.3.1) Electricity ........................................................................................................................ 24
4.3.2) Waste Disposal ............................................................................................................... 26

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 Impact of Urbanization on the Transformation of Urban Village

4.3.3) Drainage ......................................................................................................................... 26

4.4) Social Infrastructure ......................................................................................................... 26

4.4.1) Education ........................................................................................................................ 26
4.4.2) Transportation ............................................................................................................... 26
4.4.3) Health Care ..................................................................................................................... 27
4.4.4) Community Halls ............................................................................................................ 27
4.4.5) Commercialization ......................................................................................................... 27
4.4.6) Building Infrastructure .................................................................................................. 30
4.4.7) Settlement Pattern .......................................................................................................... 31
4.4.8) The Chowk ..................................................................................................................... 31
CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION
TABLE OF FIGURES
REFERENCES

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 Impact of Urbanization on the Transformation of Urban Village

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1) ABSTRACT

The quickly developing city of Delhi is overlooking something behind it. Urban villages
of Delhi are tossed aside in the race. This unmatched development of Delhi has lost
tremendous amount of agricultural land. In this cycle, villages lost their personality, space,
and incentive as they got dependent upon urban regions. Their quality is losing all sense of
direction in the horde of Delhi. The city and towns are developing equal attempting to
diverge from one another, still from an alternate point of view. The personality of villages
has been lost and they are labelled by the city as undesirable. The city underestimates these
people and culture of these areas.

1.2) BACKGROUND

Urbanization in India has faced rapid growth in the 20th century. It has created pressure
affecting both the rural as well as the urban area. A large population migrated to cities like
Delhi, Mumbai, etc.
Rural population in cities and areas is continuously decreasing as per (census 2011).

As per MPD (1961), 6.8 % of the area of Delhi is under urban village but just because of
rapid growth it has increased to 68% (MPD 2021) and it covers 38% of land which
accommodates 70% of the population.

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One of the reasons for this is that in families naturally gain higher social status within the
village if one or more of its members have jobs in far off metropolitan cities and its seen
as a form of a secure life, which leads to immense amount of migration.

Another cause for the increase of large-scale migration is seen in industrial towns, where a
flood of migrants triggers a demand for more habitable land and a market of services for
that settlement that would soon transform into an urban village. (But this does doesn’t
improve the relationship between the migrants and the native city dwellers.)
This clearly shows that rural areas are rapidly changing into urban villages. Since the role
of an urban village is very important because of its population holding capacity which
directly reduces notable amount load on the fast-paced part of the city. But on the other
hand, it is affecting the environment, social and cultural bonds of these areas. The change
in land use pattern due to the migrant influx is a major factor in the transformation of these
areas due to which urban villages are now totally dependent on the cities. Urban village
continuously changes its role as city functions change.

00
Figure 1Population Growth

Agricultural land turns into residential, commercial, and industrial to meet demands of the
city and its neighborhood. Earlier, most of the city land was agricultural. But over the years
it was given to migrant communities as a source of income. They could use that land to
build their own settlement, carry out and promote their practices, give buildings or parts of
their land on lease, and also cultivate crops.
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 Impact of Urbanization on the Transformation of Urban Village

This provided multiple income options to the people other than agriculture.

1.3) RELEVANCE OF STUDY

The urban village is a rapidly changing place as pressure of urbanization has led to rapid
reproduction of a number of unfamiliar activities within the settlement in the absence of
sufficient infrastructural support. This has resulted in environmental degradation and
disorder.

Evidently, urban villages of Delhi present a picture of distress: a struggle to rediscover

their identity and stability in their ever-changing surrounding (the city). The growth trends
shown by them are a reflection on the neglect suffered by them at the hands of the planning
authorities and the implementing agencies. These settlements, caught between a rural and
an urban lifestyle need special attention to harness their resources and manpower. And to
channelize their growth in directions which would be profitable for the whole city. While
the impact of the city on urban villages has been studied by various institutions and
individuals, their response to this impact has not been considered important enough.

Hence it has been a one-way process where only what the city has done for the village is
considered important. The community's reaction to this impact, its extent and nature can
help understand the role of an urban village in the city and identify their resources so that
their growth can be channelized in a fruitful direction. Though the urban villages form an
important part of the city, their urban form and spatial characteristics have often been over-
looked in practice as well as in the various studies that have been conducted. The growth
pressure of the city and growth within these settlements has shaped the physical
environment of these villages in a characteristic manner. The study seeks to bring out the
urban form and spatial characteristics of urban villages and to understand the impact of an
urban village on the city, its relationship with the city and on itself.

1.4) SCOPE OF STUDY

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A lot has already been written about an urban village, its transformation and the role that
it plays; but there is a gap which creates a negative image and neglects the life of Urban
villages in cities. This affects these areas and makes them lose their identity, and eventually
people start to compare and view these settlements as slums.

There is still, a lack of study and analysis on the effect of how urban villages are impacted
by its transformation while there are studies on other aspects of urban villages. Since, in
India, urban villages are a very important part of the city, it's important to bridge the gap
and enhance the quality of urban village life, socio-cultural, and professional practice, so
that the role of the urban village comes out and their negative connotations turn to positive.

The study aims to observe the changes taking place through the transformation of the
village, and how socio-cultural aspects are affected. It also aims to prove my statement "
Transformation of the urban village doesn't necessarily have a positive impact on an urban
village ". To find out the aspects " I picked up a case study of Kumhar Colony Delhi
(pottery village) " which is the largest urban pottery village of South Asia, a fine example
for a case study.

1.5) AIM
This study attempts to explore the IMPACT OF AN URBAN VILLAGE by the city of
Delhi. It also includes the current living standard and quality of life in an URBAN
VILLAGE.

1.6) OBJECTIVE
 Effect of the transformation of urban villages on socio-cultural aspects of community
living.

 To compare the quality of life in an urban village with a slum.

 To study the evolution of a community in terms of residential planning and public spaces
(street infrastructure, common places).

 To identify the effect of government laws which have led to a loss of urban fabric of an
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urban village

1.7) HYPOTHESIS
Based upon the background of the present study; my hypothesis is:

‘Transformation of the urban village doesn't necessarily have a positive impact on an

urban village.’

1.8) LIMITATIONS
Because of the pandemic and restrictions in outdoor movement and limited assets, I have
concentrated on a single urban village of Delhi. I have picked this village since I have been
living here since childhood. So, I was able to spend more time on the investigation. Also,
I could observe the realities all the more intently.

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1.9) METHODOLOGY

Figure 2Methodology Chart

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CHAPTER 2 CHANGING PROFILE OF URBAN VILLAGE

2.1) LAL DORA EXEMPTION

The Lal Dora is defined as “the Abadi areas determined by the settlement of the 1908-09
arid such abadi area has only one khasara number in the revenue record”. The portion of
the land is not assessed to land revenue and the same cannot be revised till another
settlement takes place (concept of Lal Dora as defined by the Delhi Administration).
The specialists themselves are befuddled or want to be answerable for the misguided
judgment for their vested intrigued about how a village settlement could be urbanized. The
status of these settlements on urbanization as the standard has not yet been actualized by
the designer's after notifications yet before it could be urbanized.

In 1983 Lal Dora areas were introduced by the government. But due to misconception It
gave more freedom to generate income to the landowners because of its norm's. Rapidly a
large number of small plots were cut down by the locals to benefit themselves from the
scheme resulting into agriculture becoming a secondary source of income and completely
neglected over the years. But on other hand the community depends on these lands faced
many changes in their practice and culture.

2.2) TRANSFORMATION
It’s been seen that Delhi has one of the most increasing population, and it is seen that in
the coming few decades, it will have the highest growth rate in the world. But this process
started after the independence, according to MPD 1962, the first master plan of Delhi,
where Delhi depended on 26 urban villages. But in the last few decades Delhi became the
center for migrants from all around and thus dependability of Delhi on those villages
increased rapidly.

It provides or enhance the role of urban village in the city, and as a result the village gets

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 Impact of Urbanization on the Transformation of Urban Village

transformed, in a 2-way process because migrants go to cities to work during day and the
village is their resting point during the night.

While it considered a 2-way process where the village serves city and the city serves the
village, it is not so. The transformation rate of a city is more spontaneous than the urban
village and its role reduced to a place that holds a large no of population.

As a result, urban villages lose their importance, and it becomes a one-way process in
which the city keeps transforming, leaving a negative impact on the village and creates a
negative image in the minds of the city people.

While we have to consider that transformation of city in a positive manner will only happen
if we treat the urban village more positively. 37 percent of land holds 70 percent of
population, which clearly shows the importance of urban villages in the city.

2.3) SELECTION OF CASE STUDY

The intent of the research paper depends upon local people and how they transformed
themselves and the urban village. I have chosen one of the oldest and culturally rich villages
for my case study which represents India on a global level with its pottery craft.

As the people deal with one of ancient craft styles, it should be preserved and promoted
vigorously, but since the village couldn’t keep up with the rapidly transforming city, the
art is soon dying.

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CHAPTER 3 ABOUT THE VILLAGE

3.1) HISTORY OF VILLAGE

UTTAM NAGAR, WEST DELHI

KUMHAR COLONY NEW DELHI

Figure 3 Site Location

The Kumhar colony is located near Najafgarh nala, in Uttam Nagar, west Delhi settlements
including Kumhar colony. In the 60s, there were about 25 – 30 houses and around 200
people were living there. Most area was agricultural land until the 1970s, when the
Kumhars migrated from Haryana and Alwar (Rajasthan).

Kumhar colony which is located near the Najafgarh drain is one of the oldest settlements
existing since independence. Originally it was a part of Hastal village.
This area is basically a farm land of the people of Hastal the caste living there consisted of
Yadav, Tyagis and forays. Since the present Kumhar colony is built on agricultural land, it
was far from Hastal. In order to reduce their burden, the landlords gave the farms to the

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Kumhars, which were originally from Ajmer, Haryana and Rajasthan, in return for taking
care of the fields for them.

Kumhars came to Delhi in 1960 and brought along their pot making craft, in order to earn
a better livelihood. The first migration witnessed approximately 150 to 250 families being
welcomed in Hastal, in about 50 - 60 houses. The caste typology of the village consisted
of Kumar, Jawasia and the Thakurs. Besides practicing their own craft, the migrants rented
land and worked as farmers.
Since they practiced one of the most ancient art work, their skills brought fame and
recognition to the village from all around and they started exporting their works to other
countries .

3.2) PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE

BEFORE

The Kumhars were primarily potters. Along with earthen pots they made and sold flower
pots and diyas of unique and different designs and colors. This would be the main source
of income for the entire family.
Later with time they got involved into agriculture, while still practicing and earning
through their craft. Being skillful in one of the most ancient crafts.

Figure 4Earlier Scenario

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NOW
With the rapid development of the city, the urban villages supplied man power into
different sectors.
Many of the Kumhars now work as E-rikshaw drivers. They also work as the primary man
force in many construction projects. Others became a helping hand as laborers that painted
houses for people during festivals or for other small renovation works.
The reason their art is slowly dying is mostly because of the environmental impacts and
the government laws that hinder their manufacturing process.
The Kumhars are happy with their craft as a primary source of income, they easily earn 18
to 20 thousand per month. But the use of a furnace to burn and harden the raw mold into a
final product, which is the most important step in pot making, causes a lot of pollution and
black smoke, which is the least required particle in the air these days.
Many of their neighborhood houses are affected by the smoke and heat. Also, there are
price hikes for raw materials and shipping equipment and products.
The Kumhars, with a sole intention to make a living, now are actively ignoring their family
heirloom, their craft.

Figure 5Present Scenario

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Figure 6 Present Scenario

COMMUNITTY INTERACTION

Community interaction is a major factor that has both positive and negative effects on the
urban village.
The Kumhars’ strong sense of community living helps them in daily life challenges where
they share their culture and knowledge, their experiences and support each other better.
All the members have responsibility to maintain it for the betterment of community
interaction. It’s like an element of urban village hidden in plain sight.

BEFORE

The Kumhar community had a strong sense of community living and bonding, mainly
because they are part of the same profession and caste.
As these people were involved with an ancient art form, their community had to be very
well bonded in order to promote their craft and pass it on. Later on when different castes
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of the pot makers came to Hastal, like the Yadav’s Kumhar from Bihar, and Jaiswal
Kumhar form Rajasthan, there was only respect and constant sharing of knowledge, instead
of caste-based discrimination
NOW

The intercommunity interaction of the Kumhars is still intact, so many years after
independence. But for the past decade people of different caste and profession have been
settling in the colony that are not familiar with the Kumhars’ lifestyle, their manufacturing
and designing process, so they do not respect the craft as much as them. So when their
furnace is fired up and releases smoke, there is lot of argument and protest against it.
Due to limited land, the Kumhars started approaching the roads and streets to setup their
furnaces and shop. Consequently, the smoke, dust and heat affect the neighboring houses,
sand laid on street clogs drain pipes that often results into fights between the disturbed
individual and the Kumhar family.

3.3) ROLE OF FAMILY MEMBERS IN THE CRAFT

The role of each member is defined so that timely delivery is possible.

There many phases of work involved clearly divided among family members, which
ensures uninterrupted and smooth execution of work.

3.3.1) WOMEN

They perform the most important and first step, that is refining the mud dry sand with sieve.
Then they mix sand with water to form clay. Then finally place the clay on the spinning
wheel.
The woman are also involved with the aesthetics of the products (diyas, pots, vases, etc.)

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Figure 7 Role of Women

3.3.2) MEN

They mold the clay into various shapes and designs on the spinning wheel, and keep the
wet clay molds under the sun.
They also oversee the heating process, from firing up the furnace, regulating its
temperatures, keeping time check on each pot or vase kept inside etc.
They are also tasked with going out and selling and exporting the product.

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Figure 8 Role of Male Member

3.3.3) CHILDREN

They are also involved with sand filtering, painting and final touches.
They also help in taking care of the shop along with going to school and also help in the
household chores.
Normally the children would follow their parent’s footsteps and carry the craft forward the
girl in the family would be married in a Kumhar family when she is of age, where she can
continue to carry out her part in the craft.
But now after strict govt guidelines and expenses, these children want a stable job

Figure 9 Role of Children in Work

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CHAPTER 4 QUALITY OF LIFE URBAN VILLAGE (KUMHAR

COLONY)
The standard of the living conditions of the people living in an area defines quality of life
of a community.

Kumhar colony’s planning is an intermediate of a slum and a city, it’s something in the
middle like a semi planned or incompletely planned area. This is mainly because the govt
guidelines haven't been implemented completely, due to various social and political
reasons.

4.1) LIGHT AND VENTILATION

Kumhar colony has a major lighting and ventilation issue.

Many of the houses lack basic lighting. The no. of ventilation openings per house is not
according to the standard ratio.

Some houses that are in vicinity of the Kumhar houses are unable to keep their windows
open for long as the smoke from the Kumhar furnace invites smoke and diseases.

Figure 10 Condition of Light and Ventilation in Streets

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4.2) STREET LIFE

4.2.1) Traffic
The main purpose of the street is to act as a transition space between 2 points. Now it is
multipurpose space with transition being it's one of the least prioritized.

Ideally people should use the streets to move to the city.

Figure 11 Present Traffic Movement

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Figure 12 Ideal Traffic Movement

4.2.2) Function of the street

People randomly park their cars in front of their houses on the street. Many people extend
their porch by encroaching the street adding on to the existing congestion.
By night, vendors and hawkers, street food stalls occupy the street. During weekly

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market the probability of transitioning through the street using a vehicle becomes zero.
Many shops and street food stalls are permanently there on the street. Children also use
these streets as their informal playground, during a function or a large gathering in a
family, tents are setup right in the middle of the street.

Figure 13 Activities in Streets

4.3) PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

4.3.1) Electricity

The electricity poles are made far off from the houses because of narrow lanes, this
interface much electricity related to chaos as the high voltage wires run across & over the
houses of the people. Because of high density of wires around, the faults are many recurring
to repair it also takes more effort & time. Electric theft is more prone due to the poles
installed just near the houses. They steal electricity from street lights, which in return
makes chaos and hence street lights fails.

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Figure 14 Condition of Electric Poles

4.3.2) Waste disposal

Due to lack of proper dumping grounds, people sue small plots and make it an informal
dumping ground. Once the ground is filled, the waste is burned, instead of being recycled
or being properly disposed.
This act just increases the problems in the village and defames it further.

Figure 15 Present Scenario of Waste Disposal

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4.3.3) Drainage
Because the lanes are very narrow, there is no proper functioning of pipelines, people that
have encroached the streets extend their built area above the nalis making them inaccessible
for future repairs. Therefore, people have fitted summer-sewer and boring water in their
houses. and exposing themselves to a number of diseases, which in today's scenario is life
threatening.

Figure 16 Condition of Drainage

4.4) SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

4.4.1) Education

The colony has one government secondary school, other than that all other schools
have been made without following government guidelines. These schools do not have
proper services and are illegal constructions. They also charge unreasonably high fees
in return of no standard and proper education.

4.4.2) Transportation

Most of the population of Kumhar colony is working and own at least one 2-wheeler.

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The remaining use the local transportation i.e., autos and e-rickshaws, to go to Uttam
Nagar metro, from where they travel further in to the city to their respective workplace.

The chowk which is an important node and a auto stand that serves the urban village.

4.4.3) Health care

The nearest hospital is Deen Dayal Upadhyay, which is a government hospital located
10 kms away from Kumhar colony, in Harinagar.

Other hospitals which are much more within the range are private hospitals that charge
very high fees, and the people are compelled to travel 10 kms for a simple treatment.

4.4.4) Community halls

No government halls are present. The place only contains privately owned halls that
also charge high cost. So, people setup their tents.

4.4.5) COMMERCIALIZATION

Primary and secondary street of Kumhar colony have heavily commercialized over the
past decade. Numerous small businesses like kirana shops, food stalls, stationary,
mobile shops, barbershop, utensil shops, vegetable and fruit stalls have flooded the
entire length of primary and secondary streets.
This is because of the dense population, and large families to feed, the colony people
have opened shops in order to make more money, and it is also helpful for neighboring
areas like Uttam Nagar that depend on these markets heavily. Another factor for
commercialization of streets is because earlier the nearest market was far away from
both Uttam Nagar and Kumhar colony. So, this saved a lot of time and energy of the
inhabitants and opened up doors to more income for others. Where on one hand this has

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made all streets more active and safer, it has increased hygiene issues as well. There is
an increase in electricity thefts i.e. people don't use the power being supplied to their
houses for the shops, rather steal power from nearby transformers and electric poles.

Figure 18 Commercial Activities in Street

Figure 17 Commercial Streets

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Figure 19 Section Showing Segregation of Commercial and Residential

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4.4.6) BUILDING INFRASTRUCTURE

According to the nature of construction techniques we can easily relate to the culture
just by looking at the housing typology.
But now the building infrastructure has changed according to new housing typologies
that have emerged. This is because of many reasons such as lack of land. People
amending and breaking rules through illegal Construction just to earn money by putting
up the rooms on rent.
Houses are up to g+2 or g+3 without being permitted by the authorities. These floors
are then put up on rent, where the ground floor is occupied by the landlord
Small time contractors that build these houses do so without any experience, which later
collapse and later become headlines in news channels. But the people are not to be
blamed entirely, there is a careless side of the authority as well. Even after all this there
are still some with traditional housing where they try to preserve its authenticity by
proper ventilation.

Figure 20 Built up Density

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4.4.7) SETTLEMENT PATTERN

Figure 21 Settlement pattern

4.4.8) THE CHOWK

Chawraha which the famous landmark of Kumhar colony. This is heavy traffic node and
a hub of activities throughout the day.

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It’s a point where traditional Kumhar houses could be identified. Major secondary
frontage is covered by Kumhar houses as shown in the plan.

Figure 22 Plan of Chowk

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Figure 23 Section from Chowk

Kumhar which lives in Tertiary street

Some Kumhars are still living in tertiary streets which is now surrounded my new migrants.
The new houses are g+2, opposite to which are the traditional Kumhar houses with an open
courtyard and maximum buildup on the ground floor. These tall buildings block sunlight
for Kumhar houses, and when Kumhars use their furnace, its smoke travel to the upper
floors of the new houses and troubles the tenants.

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Figure 25 Plan

Figure 24 Section

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NEW SETTELED PEOPLE

Above images shows house typology of 2 neighbors, Prakash and Ram Lal. Both of them
are good friends and have multi store houses.
In Prakash's' house, ground floor is used by him and his family and upper floors are for
rent.
And Ram Lal ‘s house is a g+2 house, but he uses the entire building for his joint family.
Both house owners have encroached their balcony space, one has used it as washroom and
other has in cooperated it in the rooms
Because of the street they get minimum amount of sunlight. They’re aware of these
problems but now they have grown used to these problems.
Most work is done on the terrace of their house and on the streets. (Like washing clothes,

Ground Floor Plan

Figure 26First
NewFloor
HousesPlan
Typology

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children playing, people meeting)

Figure 27 Tertiary street section

Figure 28 View of Tertiary Street

KUMHAR TYPICAL HOUSE

The way of housing is traditional, dividing their houses according to their needs, every part
of the house has a unique role as they have divided their space for work and living, giving
equal priority to both spaces.
This can be seen in the plan, they have given multiple entry and exit, to avoid obstructions.
Their bed rooms, kitchen and washroom are at the back.

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The front part of the land is for commercial use, for display of work and as a workspace.
Chimney which is the most important tool for Kumhar are always placed far from the
residential part of the house.

And, instead of being aligned to a wall, it is placed such that minimum 3 of its sides are
accessible for maintenance and better workability. Open space is used to sun bake the clay.

Figure 29 Typical Plan of Kumhar House

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Figure 30 View of Kumhar Houses

NEW HOUSE

New modern house of Kumhar has less area than traditional house.
They have divided the space vertically, the frontage a has a commercial space, and back
side residential.
On the top most floor the furnace is located, but upon its usage the scorching temperatures
heats up the roof, and this heat transfers throughout the building and deteriorates the
building and the lives of its inhabitants.

Figure 31 New Houses

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Impact of Urbanization on the Transformation of Urban Village

Ground Floor Plan

First Floor Plan

Figure 32 Kumar’s New Houses Plan

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 Impact of Urbanization on the Transformation of Urban Village

CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION
From the role of rural village to urban village this area has lost its land and changed their
identity always for the city to become its part, but the population load of city affected the
urban village. Migration of large no of people turns their agricultural land to residential,
and soon different land use typologies start to emerge. While the villagers have sacrificed
their land and practices, but due to gap in the govt policies and loopholes in guidelines,
they got the freedom to shape their land boundaries accordingly, without thinking about
the future , and now it accommodates the working class such as e-rickshaw drivers, labors
, shop owners, fruit and vegetable sellers etc. .

Original practice of this area is slowly fading as the new residents of the colony do not
respect their craft. Not just practices but the villagers have also merged with the new ones
and started forgetting their tradition. This village has been transforming for the past decade
and no one has given a thought on how to give facilities to these people. While daily need
facilities like, clothes, commercial market etc. is solved by the urban villagers, but public
amenities and other facilities are not in good condition. Increasing population changes their
daily requirement, which is not sufficient for these areas. One can notice the progress there,
but it’s very slow and tells us about the vision, the govt holds for this area. Vacant land
provides an opportunity which in turn compels people to do illegal construction. It’s true
that the quality of life is in a bad state, but it is far better than that of a slum area in terms
of security, society behavior, cleanliness and hygiene, unlike how the city dwellers address
both of them as the same thing.

Imagine a city without urban village. Urban village constantly provides services to the city
and helps build the environment of the city.

I would like to conclude my research, that based on my findings my hypothesis is correct.

Urban villages are the back bone of a city. They transform and grow alongside the city.

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 Impact of Urbanization on the Transformation of Urban Village

But “Transformation of the urban village doesn't necessarily have a positive impact on an
urban village.” Urban village faces problems related to practices, living conditions and
other aspects that should be taken care of by govt by promoting their practices,
implementing the necessary bylaws and rules.

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 Impact of Urbanization on the Transformation of Urban Village

Table of figures
Figure 1Population Growth ............................................................................................................. 7
Figure 2Methodology Chart .......................................................................................................... 11
Figure 3 Site Location ................................................................................................................... 14
Figure 4Earlier Scenario ................................................................................................................ 15
Figure 5Present Scenario ............................................................................................................... 16
Figure 6 Present Scenario .............................................................................................................. 17
Figure 7 Role of Women ............................................................................................................... 19
Figure 8 Role of Male Member ..................................................................................................... 20
Figure 9 Role of Children in Work................................................................................................ 20
Figure 10 Condition of Light and Ventilation in Streets ............................................................... 21
Figure 11 Present Traffic Movement ............................................................................................ 22
Figure 12 Ideal Traffic Movement ................................................................................................ 23
Figure 13 Activities in Streets ....................................................................................................... 24
Figure 14 Condition of Electric Poles ........................................................................................... 25
Figure 15 Present Scenario of Waste Disposal.............................................................................. 25
Figure 16 Condition of Drainage ................................................................................................... 26
Figure 17 Commercial Streets ....................................................................................................... 28
Figure 18 Commercial Activities in Street .................................................................................... 28
Figure 19 Section Showing Segregation of Commercial and Residential..................................... 29
Figure 20 Built up Density ............................................................................................................ 30
Figure 21 Settlement pattern ......................................................................................................... 31
Figure 22 Plan of Chowk............................................................................................................... 32
Figure 23 Section from Chowk ..................................................................................................... 33
Figure 24 Section........................................................................................................................... 34
Figure 25 Plan ............................................................................................................................... 34
Figure 26 New Houses Typology ................................................................................................. 35
Figure 27 Tertiary street section .................................................................................................... 36
Figure 28 View of Tertiary Street ................................................................................................. 36
Figure 29 Typical Plan of Kumhar House ..................................................................................... 37
Figure 30 View of Kumhar Houses ............................................................................................... 38
Figure 31 New Houses .................................................................................................................. 38
Figure 32 Kumhar's New Houses Plan .......................................................................................... 39

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 Impact of Urbanization on the Transformation of Urban Village

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