T560(E)(A1)T

APRIL EXAMINATION
NATIONAL CERTIFICATE
ENGINEERING SCIENCE N2
(15070402)

1 April 2014 (Y-Paper)

13:00–16:00

This question paper consists of 9 pages and 1 formula sheet.

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DEPARTMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION AND TRAINING

REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
NATIONAL CERTIFICATE
ENGINEERING SCIENCE N2
TIME: 3 HOURS
MARKS: 100

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

1. Answer ALL the questions.

2. Read ALL the questions carefully.

3. Number the answers according to the numbering system used in this question
paper.

4. Subsections of questions must be kept together.

5. ALL the calculations should consist of at least the following THREE steps:
(a)The formula used or the manipulation thereof
(b)The substitution of the given data in the formula
(c)The answer together with the correct SI unit

6. Use the following values whenever applicable:

Gravitational acceleration = 9,8 m/s²
Atmospheric pressure = 101,3 kPa
Heat value of petrol =25 MJ/kg
Heat value of coal = 30 MJ/kg
Density of water = 1 000 kg/m3
Specific heat capacity of water = 4 187 J/kg °C
Specific heat capacity of steam = 2 100 J/kg °C
Specific heat capacity of steel = 500 J/kg °C
Specific heat capacity of copper = 390 J/kg °C
Specific heat capacity of aluminium = 900 J/kg °C
Linear coefficient of expansion of steel = 0,000 012/°C
Linear coefficient of expansion of copper = 0,000 017/°C
Linear coefficient of expansion of aluminium = 0,000 023/°C
Resistivity of steel at 20 °C = 0,000 000 155 Ωm
Resistivity of copper at 20 °C = 0,000 000 018 Ωm
Resistivity of aluminium at 20 °C = 0,000 000 028 Ωm

7. Drawing instruments must be used for all the drawings.

8. Rule off on completion of each question.
9. Write neatly and legibly.

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SECTION A

QUESTION 1

1.1 List THREE effects that the application of a force can have on an object. (3)

1.2 The graph in FIGURE 1 represents the velocity/time graph of a bus

accelerating, and then travelling at a constant velocity.

FIGURE 1

Use the graph to determine the following:

1.2.1 The acceleration of the bus (3)

1.2.2 The total displacement of the bus (3)

1.2.3 The average velocity of the bus (2)

1.3 An aeroplane lands at a speed of 70 m/s. The maximum deceleration of the

aeroplane is 2,5 m/s².

Calculate the following:

1.3.1 The time it takes the aeroplane to come to rest (2)

1.3.2 The absolute minimum length of runway needed for the aeroplane
to land safely (2)
[15]

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QUESTION 2: STATICS

2.1 A horizontal light beam as shown in FIGURE 2 rests on two supports L and R.

2.1.1 Determine the reactions by taking moments about both supports

(ignore the weight of the beam). (6)

2.1.2 Check your answer by balancing upward and downward forces. (1)

2.2 Explain what is understood by the resultant of a system of forces. (2)

2.3 Give a practical example of a 'couple' in engineering. (1)

[10]

QUESTION3: ENERGY AND MOMENTUM

3.1 Define kinetic energy. (2)

3.2 A brick with a mass of 4,5 kg is thrown vertically into the air from ground level.
It leaves the hand of the person throwing the stone at a velocity of 10 m/s.

Calculate the following:

3.2.1 The kinetic energy of the brick the moment it leaves the hand of the
person throwing it (2)

3.2.2 The maximum height the brick will reach with reference to the hand
of the person throwing it (2)

3.2.3 The momentum of the brick the moment it leaves the hand of the
person throwing it (2)
[8]

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QUESTION 4: WORK, POWER AND EFFICIENCY

4.1 Define the unit watt. (1)

4.2 A machine with a weight of 800 N is lifted through a height of 120 m by means
of a cable winding onto a drum. The weight of the cable is 20 N/m.

4.2.1 Calculate the total weight of the cable. (1)

4.2.2 Make a neat line sketch of the force/distance graph, using the
information given above. (2)

4.2.3 Calculate the work done in winding up the total length of the cable
with the machine attached to the end of the cable. (3)

4.3 The turning force applied to a flywheel is 1 800 N. The diameter of the
flywheel is 400 mm.

Calculate the torque delivered by the flywheel. (3)

[10]

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QUESTION 5: MECHANICAL DRIVES AND LIFTING MACHINES

5.1 Give TWO disadvantages of belt drives. (2)
5.2 The compound gear drive in FIGURE 3 below consists of 4 gears.

Calculate the following:

5.2.1 The rotational frequency of gear A in r/s (2)

5.2.2 The number of teeth on gear C if gear D is rotating at 40 r/s (2)

5.3 The following data refer to a belt drive:

The tension ratio between the slack side and the tight side = 4
The force in the slack side of the belt = 500 N
The diameter of the driving pulley = 250 mm
The rotational frequency of the driving pulley = 35 r/s

Calculate the following:

5.3.1 The belt speed in m/s (2)

5.3.2 The tight-side tension in the belt (2)

5.3.3 The power transmitted by the belt (2)

5.4 Define Pascal's Law. (2)

5.5 Calculate the density of seawater if the gauge pressure at a depth of 120 m in
the ocean is 1 400 kPa. (2)

5.6 Calculate the absolute pressure on a diver's body in seawater at a depth of

120 m and a gauge pressure of 1 400 kPa. (1)
[17]

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QUESTION 6: FRICTION

6.1 Name ONE method to reduce friction. (1)

6.2 A body with a mass of 10 kg is pulled up an incline with an angle of 30° to the
horizontal. The coefficient of friction between the body and the sliding surface
is 0,25.

Calculate the following:

6.2.1 The weight component perpendicular to the sliding plane (2)

6.2.2 The weight component parallel to the sliding plane (2)

6.2.3 The frictional force (2)

6.2.4 The external force required to pull the body up the incline plane (2)
[9]

QUESTION 7: HEAT ENERGY

7.1 Define specific heat-capacity of a material. (1)

7.2 A boiler uses 50 kg of coal per hour.

Calculate the following:

7.2.1 The energy used per hour (2)

7.2.2 The power output of the boiler if the efficiency of the boiler is 100% (2)

7.2.3 The mass of water that can be heated from 20°C to 100°C if the
efficiency of the boiler is 100% (2)

7.3 A copper bar's length at 20°C is found to be 10 m long. The bar is then
heated up to 200°C.

Calculate the change in length of the copper bar in mm. (2)

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7.4 The sketch in FIGURE 4 below illustrates the graph of the formation of steam
at a constant pressure.

Refer to the graph and answer the questions.

7.4.1 What does the symbol 'ts' represent with regard to temperature? (1)

7.4.2 What does the symbol 'tsu' represent with regard to temperature? (1)
[11]

QUESTION 8: PARTICLE STRUCTURE OF MATTER

8.1 What is an ion? (1)

8. Explain how positive ions are formed. (1)

8.3 Name the THREE fundamental constituents of an atom and state the charge
of each. (6)
[8]

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QUESTION 9: ELECTRICITY

9.1 Two resistors of 6 Ω and 24 Ω are connected in parallel.

A 19 Ω resistor is now connected in series to the parallel connection.

Calculate the following:

9.1.1 The total resistance of the parallel connection (2)

9.1.2 The total resistance of the THREE resistors (2)

9.2 Make a neat, labelled drawing of an apparatus that may be used to

demonstrate electromagnetic induction. (3)

9.3 Name TWO examples where electromagnetic induction is used to advantage

in practice. (2)

9.4 Determine the length of an aluminum conductor with a cross-sectional area of

80 mm² that has a resistance of 1,2 Ω at 20° C. (2)

9.5 Indicate whether the following statement is TRUE or FALSE:

Rubber is a conductor of electricity. (1)

[12]

TOTAL: 100

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FORMULA SHEET
All the formulae needed are not necessarily included.
Any other applicable formula may also be used.
w=m.g L
HV   MA
W=F.s E

W SE
P VV   DR
t SL

Output HV MA
 . 100% .100%    .100%
Input VV DR

Uitset 2D
 . 100% VV   DR
Inset (d1  d 2 )

F 2D
 VV   DR
NR (D  d )

  tan  Q = m . c . t

horizontal m.ww = Q = m.hv

FT  F ... a 0
horisontaal Q
P
t
FS  w sin 
l  lo .  . t
FC  w cos
l f  lo  l
FT  F  FS ... a  0
1 m/s = 3,6 km/h
Fe  T1  T2
1 2
s  u.t  .a.t
T1 tension ratio 2
 spanningsverhouding
T2 v = u + a.t
P  Fe . v v 2  u 2  2as
v  .d .n
ΣF ΣF
N
n ↲ M=↳ M
60
PABS  PATM  PMET
N A . TA  N B . TB
p = .g.h
NA
SV   VR
NZ 1 1 1 1
   ... 
R PAR R1 R 2 Rn
E p  m.g .h.
RSER  R1  R2  ...  Rn
1
EK  .m.v 2
2  .l
R
a
ET  E p  EK

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