VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

JNANA SANGAMA, BELAGAVI –590018

REPORT ON
PROBLEMS OF FARMERS IN AGRICULTURE

Submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of Masters of Business Administration

Submitted By

NAME: LIKITH J
USN No. 1MV23BA068

Under the guidance of

SWARNALATHA

ASST. PROFESSOR, Dept of MBA.

DEPARTMENT OF MASTERS OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

Sir M VISVESVARAYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BENGALURU
Affiliated to VTU Belagavi, Approved by AICTE
International Airport Road, Hunasamaranahalli, Yelahanka Bangalore-5662157
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapters Particulars

1 INTRODUCTION

2 OBJECTIVES OF THE REPORT

3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

4 METHODOLOGY

5 LIMITATIONS

6 FINDINGS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS

7 CONCLUSION

8 BIBILIOGRAPHY
PROJECT PROPOSAL ON PROBLEMS OF FARMERS IN AGRICULTURE

Introduction:
A joint subject, it creates lot of confusion. Eminent experts should do research in this aspect and
governments must take a proactive action. Indian agrarian sector in fact requires very innovative
ideas for uplifting of this sector. Also, without mechanization, farming is hard and back-breaking
work. This has resulted in most farmers' children quitting farming and going for other The critical
issues that plague Indian agriculture at present are the knowledge deficit and infrastructure deficit,
especially in the rural areas. Problems related to irrigation infrastructure, market infrastructure and
transport infrastructure add significant cost to farmers' operations. Another issue is lack of delivery
mechanisms. There are a number of schemes aimed to bring development in agriculture. We do
not have effective delivery mechanisms that can translate into effective facilitation in terms of
increasing productivity or decreasing cost or increasing price realization at the ground level.
Moreover, inadequate government support exacerbates these issues. Thus, corporate farming could
be a solution to Indian agrarian sector, but it needs a deep thinking and innovating better policies
so that neither the corporates nor the farmers be at loss. Also the role of central government and
state governments needs to be defined clearly as because of being vocations. Farmers get more
money in selling their land to builders, malls and factories. This has put more pressure on
farmland, thereby requiring technologies to increase the productivity so that shrinking farmland
can feed billion plus people of India in the future. India, though one of the biggest producers of
agricultural products, has very low farm productivity, with the average only 33 percent of the best
farms world over. This needs to be increased so that farmers can get more remuneration from the
same piece of land with less labour.
 OBJECTIVES OF THE REPORT

Farmers in agriculture face a range of problems that can hinder their ability to achieve their
objectives. Some of the key challenges they oftenencounter include:

Climate Change: Changing weather patterns, increased frequency of extreme weather events, and
unpredictable rainfall affect crop production, leading to lower yields and financial losses for
farmers.

Lack of Access to Resources: Limited access to quality seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, and modern
farming equipment can restrict farmers' ability to maximize productivity and profitability.

Water Scarcity: Water scarcity, either due to drought or inadequate irrigation infrastructure, poses
a significant challenge to especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Insufficient water availability
affects crop growth and can result in crop failure.

Soil Degradation: Continuous farming practices without proper soil management lead to soil
erosion, nutrient depletion, and decreased soil fertility. This adversely impacts crop yields and
necessitates costly soilrestoration efforts.

Pest and Disease Management: Pests and diseases can ravage crops, causing substantial yield
losses. Farmers need effective and affordable pest control measures and access to timely
information on disease outbreaks to prevent and manage these threats.

Market Volatility: Farmers often face price fluctuations and market uncertainties, which can make
it challenging to plan and manage their agricultural production. Unfair trade practices and lack of
access to fairmarkets and market information can further exacerbate these issues.

Limited Financial Resources: Many farmers struggle with limited access to credit, making it
difficult for them to invest in modern farming techniques, purchase inputs, or expand their
operations. This lack of financial resources can hinder their ability to achieve their agricultural
objectives.
Lack of Technical Knowledge: Farmers may lack access to training, extension services, and
information on modern farming practices. Keeping up with the latest agricultural techniques,
technologies, and best practices is crucial for farmers to enhance productivity and sustainability

Land Tenure and Fragmentation: Land ownership disputes, insecure land tenure, and
fragmentation of land holdings can hinder farmers' ability to make long-term investments in their
farms andimplement efficient agricultural practices.

Urbanization and Land Conversion: The expansion of urban areas and the conversion of
agricultural land for other purposes reduce the availability of arable land for farming. This poses
a threat to foodsecurity and the livelihoods of farmers.
 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

 Over-dependence on unreliable rain and lack of irrigation facilities had led to a decline in
agricultural output..

 Erosion of soil by heavy rain, floods, insufficient vegetation cover etc., reduces farm
productivity.

 Small land holdings due to fast-growing population which leads to fragmentation of land at
quick succession. As a result, the size of the plot becomes smaller with every passing
generation this greatly hinders the mechanism of farming

 Inadequate irrigation facilities and poor management of water resources have led to a great
decline in agricultural productivity.

 Poverty and illiteracy of the farmers prevent them from making large-scale capital
investments and adopting scientific methods ofcultivation.
 METHODOLOGY

 Depletion of natural resources due to widespreadindustrial agricultural practices

 High rates of food waste, which threaten to intensifyfood insecurity around the globe

 Disruptions in trade networks and fluctuations in globaldemand for agricultural products

 Economic strife and crippling debt for individual farmers

 Small and fragmented land-holdings

 Seeds

 Manures, Fertilizers and Biocides

 Irrigation
Sources

 Inadequate transport due to lack of roads, vehicles and money.

 Lack of capital.

 Agricultural marketing.

 Soil erosion.

 Irrigation problems.

 Lack of high quality seeds.

 Lack of infrastructure in the agriculture section

 Biocides, fertilisers, and manures

 LIMITATIONS

 Depletion of natural resources due to widespreadindustrial agricultural practices.

 High rates of food waste, which threaten to intensifyfood insecurity around the globe.

 Disruptions in trade networks and fluctuations in globaldemand for agricultural products.

 Economic strife and crippling debt for individual farmers.

 Inadequate transport, especially in developing countries.

 Lack of capital.

 Agricultural marketing.

 Soil erosion.
 FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Access to Resources:

Finding: Limited access to land, water, seeds, fertilizers, and machinery can impede agricultural
productivity.
Recommendation: Governments and organizations should facilitate access to resources by
providing subsidized loans for purchasing land and equipment, establishing seed banks, promoting
efficient irrigation systems, and offeringtraining on sustainable farming practices
and kitchen. In the evenings, the open hall is used for tuition classes. The open air hall in the
building is used as dining hall. Drinking water (Krishna water) facility is there in the premises. The
drinking water comes from day by day (alternate day)and for general purpose we use bore water

Market Constraints:

Finding: Farmers often face difficulties in accessing markets, negotiating fair prices, and
connecting with potential buyers.
Recommendation: Develop market linkages and infrastructure such as farmers' cooperatives,
agricultural marketing boards, and digital platforms that connect farmers directly with consumers
and retailers. Providing market information, supporting value-added processing, and organizing
collective marketing initiatives can enhance farmers' bargaining power and market
opportunities
Price Volatility:

Finding: Farmers frequently face unpredictable price fluctuations for their agricultural products.
Recommendation: Establish commodity price stabilization mechanisms, such as futures contracts
or price hedging options, to protect farmers from volatile markets. Encourage diversification of
crops and promote value addition through processing to reduce dependence on a single
commodity.

Climate Change and Natural Disasters:

Finding: Changing climatic patterns, extreme weather events, and natural disasters pose risks to
agricultural production.
Recommendation: Support farmers in adopting climate-smart practices like agroforestry, water
conservation, and soil conservation techniques. Provide insurance schemes and access to early
warning systems to help farmers mitigate and manage

Knowledge and Technology Gap:

Finding: Lack of access to modern agricultural practices, technological advancements, and
information hinders farmers' productivity.
Recommendation: Strengthen agricultural extension services to disseminate knowledge, offer
training programs on sustainable farming techniques, and promote the use of appropriate
technologies. Establish farmer field schools, demonstration plots, and online platforms to facilitate
knowledge sharing among farmers.

Rural Infrastructure:
Finding: Inadequate infrastructure, including roads, storage facilities, and electricity, limits
farmers' ability to transport and store their produce efficiently.

Recommendation: Governments should invest in rural infrastructure development, including

upgrading road networks, establishing cold storage facilities and warehouses, and electrifying
rural areas. This will improve post- harvest management, reduce losses, and enhance market
access.
CONCLUSION

Societal project as a course is very beneficial to an individual . It is a life changer and it quips a
person with the necessary life skills which cannot be taught in class other than in the field. I’m
extremely happy that I enrolled for this class this semester because it has accelerated the process
of total quality management that emphasizes on continuous improvement.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
Shiferaw, B., & Maredia, M. (Eds.). (2014). The Future of Small-Scale Agriculture: Learning from
Case Studies of Adaptive Capacity in Africa. Routledge.

This book explores the challenges faced by small-scale farmers in Africa and examines their
adaptive capacity in the face of various constraints.

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). (2018). The State of Food and
Agriculture 2018: Migration, Agriculture, and Rural Development. FAO.

This report examines the impact of migration on agriculture and rural development, shedding light
on the challenges faced by farmers, including limitedaccess to resources and markets.

International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD). (2016). Rural Development Report
2016: Fostering Inclusive Rural Transformation. IFAD.

This report provides insights into the challenges faced by rural communities and small-scale
farmers, including issues related to access to resources, markets, and infrastructure.

Aheeyar, M. M. M., & Fernando, S. (2018). Climate Change Impacts, Adaptation, and Coping
Strategies of Smallholder Farmers in Sri Lanka. Climate Risk Management, 19, 42-53.

This study examines the climate change-related challenges faced by smallholder farmers in Sri
Lanka and explores their adaptation and coping strategies.
World Bank. (2020). Enabling the Business of Agriculture 2019. World Bank.