Modul

e04.
(B1)El
ect
roni
cFundament
als

1.
[Link]
conduct
ors-Di
odes.

Questi
onNumber. 1. Whatgi v
esthecolourofanLED?.
Opti
onA. Theact i
veelement .
Opti
onB. Thepl asticitisencasedin.
Opti
onC. Thet y
peofgasusedi nsi
dei t
.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. Theact i
v eel
ement.
Expl
anati
[Link]
veel ementistheelementusedinthedopi
ngoft
hesemi
conduct
ormat
eri
[Link]
rcr
aftEl
ect
ri
cit
yand
El
ectr
onics5t
hEdit
ionEismi nPage121.

Questi
onNumber . 2. Ager mani
um di
odeisusedf
or.
Opti
onA. r ecti
fi
cation.
Opti
onB. v olt
agest abi
li
zati
on.
Opti
onC. modul ati
on.
Corr
ectAnsweris. recti
fi
cati
on.
Expl
anati
[Link] um di
odehasthel
eastf
orwardbi
asvol
tagedr
opandi
sbestf
orr
ect
if
icat
ion.

Questi
onNumber. 3. Whyi sadiodeputinparal
lel
wit
hanLED?.
Opti
onA. Topr ot
ectitfr
om AC.
Opti
onB. Soi twi
llworkonlyaboveacertai
nvolt
age.
Opti
onC. Soi twi
llworkonlybelowacertai
nvolt
age.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. Toprotecti
tfrom AC.
Expl
anati
[Link] ghforwardbiasvolt
agedropbuti
seasi
l
ydamagedwhenr
ever
sebi
[Link]
sther
efor
enot
goodforanLED.
Questi
onNumber . 4. Whent esti
ngt heforwardbiasofadi odewi t
hamul ti
meter.
Opti
onA. t hepositiveleadoft heohmmet erisplacedont heanode.
Opti
onB. i tdoesnotmat terwhicht erminalt
heposi t
iveleadoft heohmet eri
splaced.
Opti
onC. t hepositiveleadoft heohmmet erisplacedont hecat hode.
Corr
ectAnsweris. theposi t
iveleadoft heohmmet erisplacedont heanode.
Expl
anati
[Link] estforwardbi as,t
heposi tivel
eadoft hemul t
imetermustbepl [Link]
e:I
fthequest
ion
says'
mov i
ngcoilmet er't
heni twoul dbet henegativeleadont heanode,sincethenegati
vesi
deofthebat
teryi
nsucha
meteri
sconnectedtot he+l [Link]
ectri
cit
yandEl ectronics5thEditi
onEisminPage113.

Quest
ionNumber
. 5. Thi
sisadi
agr
am of
.

Opti
onA. anSCR.
Opti
onB. aTRI AC.
Opti
onC. aSchot t
kydi
ode.
Corr
ectAnsweris. anSCR.
Expl
anat
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 6. Whi chofthefol
l
owingdescri
besthecharact
eri
sti
csofaThy
rist
or?
.
Opti
onA. Hi ghv ol
tagehandling.
Opti
onB. Hi ghpowerhandl ing.
Opti
onC. Hi ghcurrenthandling.
Corr
ectAnsweris. Highcurr
enthandli
ng.
Expl
anati
[Link] hy
rist
or(suchasanSCR)i sahighcurr
entswit
ching.
Questi
onNumber . 7. Li ghtEmitt
ingDiodes( LEDs).
Opti
onA. emi tl
i
ghtofonlyonewav elengt
hdependentont ype.
Opti
onB. hav ev er
ywidev i
ewingangles.
Opti
onC. ar eeasil
ydamagedi ffor
war dbiasedbmor et han5V.
Corr
ectAnsweris. emitl
ightofonl
yonewav elengthdependentonty
pe.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 8. I nasemi conduct
orj
unct
iondi
ode,
elect
ronsar
ethemi
nor
it
ycar
ri
ers.
Opti
onA. wi thi
nthePr egi
on.
Opti
onB. wi thi
ntheNr egion.
Opti
onC. i nbot htheNandPr egions.
Corr
ectAnsweris. wit
hinthePregion.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 9. Asi l
i
condi ode,whencompar edtoagermani
um diodehas.
Opti
onA. ahi gherfor wardbiasvoltage.
Opti
onB. t hesamef orwardbiasv ol
tage.
Opti
onC. l essf orwardbiasv olt
age.
Corr
ectAnsweris. ahigherf or
war dbiasv olt
age.
Expl
anati
[Link]=0. 6V,Ge=0. [Link]
ri
ci
tyandElect
roni
cs5t
hEdi
tionEisminPage111.

Quest
ionNumber
. 10. Thi
ssy
mbol
is.
Opti
onA. at ransist
or.
Opti
onB. adi ode.
Opti
onC. at riac.
Corr
ectAnsweris. adiode.
Expl
anat
[Link].

Quest
ionNumber
. 11. Thi
ssy
mbol
is.

Opti
onA. aphot odiode.
Opti
onB. al aserdi
ode.
Opti
onC. anLED.
Corr
ectAnsweris. aphotodi
ode.
Expl
anat
[Link]
nrev
ersebi
[Link]
nor
it
ycur
renti
ncr
easeswhenl
i
ghtshi
nesoni
t.

Questi
onNumber . 12. Azenerdi ode.
Opti
onA. al lowscur rentt of
lowinonedir
ecti
on.
Opti
onB. st abi
li
zesv oltageatapredet
erminedlevel
.
Opti
onC. act sli
keaswi tch.
Corr
ectAnsweris. stabil
izesvolt
ageatapredeter
minedlevel.
Expl
anati
[Link] eusuall
yusedinv ol
tageregulat
orci
rcui
[Link]
rcr
aftEl
ect
ri
cit
yandEl
ect
roni
cs5t
hEdi
ti
on
Ei
smi
nPage385.

Questi
onNumber . 13. Aj uncti
ondiode.
Opti
onA. i ssi mi
lartoavacuum diodebutcannotr
ect
if
y.
Opti
onB. hasonep- nj
uncti
on.
Opti
onC. canhandl eonlyverysmallcur
rent
s.
Corr
ectAnsweris. hasonep-njunct
ion.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 14. Rev ersebias.
Opti
onA. r ai
sesthepot enti
albarr
ier.
Opti
onB. l ower sthepot ent
ialbar
rier
.
Opti
onC. gr eatl
yincreasesthemaj ori
tycar
riercur
rent
.
Corr
ectAnsweris. rai
sest hepotent
ialbarr
ier
.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 15. Adi odeconnect edacrossarel
aycoil
isusedt
o.
Opti
onA. di ssipatecoilspi
kesonswi tchof
f.
Opti
onB. al lowt hecoiltoenergizewithonlyonepolar
it
y.
Opti
onC. causeadel ayi nswitchingon.
Corr
ectAnsweris. di
ssipatecoil
spi kesonswi t
choff
.
Expl
anati
[Link]
craftEl
ectri
cit
yandEl ect
roni
cs5thEdit
ionEismi
nPage121readi
ngmat
eri
al.

Questi
onNumber. 16. Tocheckt
hef
orwar
dresi
stanceofadi
odewi
thamul
ti
met
er,t
hel
eadconnect
edt
othe
posi
ti
veter
minal
isputtot
he.
Opti
onA. anode.
Opti
onB. cat hode.
Opti
onC. ei t
heranodeorcat
hode.
Corr
ectAnsweris. anode.
Expl
anati
[Link] or
wardbiasadi
odewithamult
imeter
,theposi
ti
veleadmustbeconnect
edt
ot [Link]:I
fitwer
e
amov i
ngcoil
met er
,youmustconnectt
henegat
ivel
eadtotheanodesincet
heposi
ti
veendofthebatt
eryisconnectedt
o
thenegat
ivel
ead.

Questi
onNumber . 17. At hyr
ist
orhaswhichofthefol
l
owing?
.
Opti
onA. Aposi t
ivetemper atur
ecoef
fi
cient.
Opti
onB. Hi ghresist
ancewhenswi t
chedof f
.
Opti
onC. Hi ghresist
ancewhenswi t
chedon.
Corr
ectAnsweris. Highresistancewhenswitchedoff
.
Expl
anati
[Link] hyri
stor(suchasanSCRorTRI AC)isbasi
cal
l
yaswi
tchwhi
chpr
ovi
desahi
ghr
esi
stancewhen
swit
chedoff
.

Quest
ionNumber
. 18. Whatdoest
heci
rcui
tshowndo?
.

OptionA. Ful lwaver ect

ifi
er.
OptionB. Hal fwav erectif
ier
.
OptionC. Vol tagedoubler.
CorrectAnsweri
s. Halfwav erect
if
ier.
Explanat
[Link] showsahal fwav
er ect
if
ier
.Thecapaci
tori
sforsmoot
hingt
heout
put
.Af
ullwav
erect
if
ier
requir
es4diodesandav ol
tagedoublerr
equi
restwocapaci
tor
s.
Questi
onNumber. 19. I nanLED, whatisusedtomaket
hecol
our
?.
Opti
onA. Thepl asticlenscover.
Opti
onB. Theel ectrons.
Opti
onC. Thedopi ngmat eri
al.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. Thedopi ngmat er
ial
.
Expl
anati
[Link] vestheLEDitscol
our
.

Questi
onNumber . 20. Anat om wi th5electr
onsini
tsoutershelli
spartof.
Opti
onA. aCt ypematerial.
Opti
onB. aPt ypematerial.
Opti
onC. anNt ypemat erial
.
Corr
ectAnsweris. anNtypemat er
ial.
Expl
anati
[Link] om wit
hf iveelectronsi
ni t
soutershel
l(pentaval
ent)wil
lprov
ideanext
raf
reeel
ect
ronandmaket
he
materi
[Link]
craf
tEl ectr
icit
yandElectroni
cs5thEdi
tionEisminPage110.

Questi
onNumber . 21. At hyri
stori
scommonlyusedf
or.
Opti
onA. ov er v
ol t
sr egulation.
Opti
onB. v oltager egulation.
Opti
onC. r ectif
ication.
Corr
ectAnsweris. r ectif
ication.
Expl
anati
[Link] hyristor(especi al
lyanSCR)i
soft
enusedforrect
if
icat
ion.

Questi
onNumber. 22. Adiodewhi
chemi
tsphot
onswhenconduct
ingi
sa.
Opti
onA. l i
ghtemitt
ing.
Opti
onB. v aract
or.
Opti
onC. zener .
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. l
i
ghtemi
tti
ng.
Expl
anat
[Link]
ons=li
ght
,soadiodewhi
chemi
tsl
i
ghti
saLi
ghtEmi
tt
ingDi
ode.

Questi
onNumber. 23. Theel ectr
odesofanSCRare.
Opti
onA. gat e,cat hode, anode.
Opti
onB. sour ce, drain,gat e.
Opti
onC. anode, cat hode, source.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. gat e,cat hode,anode.
Expl
anati
[Link] r
odesofanSCRar etheanode,
cathodeandt
hegat
[Link]
rcr
aftEl
ect
ri
cit
yandEl
ect
roni
cs5t
hEdi
ti
on
Ei
sminPage120.

Questi
onNumber . 24. Whatgi vesanLEDi tscolour
?.
Opti
onA. Agas.
Opti
onB. Thecov er
.
Opti
onC. Composi t
ionandimpuri
tyofthecompound.
Corr
ectAnsweris. Composit
ionandimpurit
yoft hecompound.
Expl
anati
[Link]
sthedopingelementwhichgivesanLEDi t
scolour
.

Questi
onNumber. 25. For
war
dv ol
tageofasil
i
condiodeis.
Opti
onA. 1. 6V.
Opti
onB. 0. 6V.
Opti
onC. 0. 2V.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. 0.
6V.
Expl
anati
[Link]=0.
6V,Ge=0.
2VAir
craftEl
ect
ri
ci
tyandElect
roni
cs5t
hEdi
ti
onEi
smi
nPage111or113.

Questi
onNumber. 26. Whati
sthet
ypi
cal
vol
tsdr
opacr
ossanLED.
Opti
onA. 0. 2V.
Opti
onB. 0. 4V.
Opti
onC. 1. 6V.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. 1.
6V.
Expl
anat
[Link] ol
tsdr
opi
sty
pical
l
y1.
6-2.
[Link]
rcr
aftEl
ect
ri
cit
yandEl
ect
roni
cs5t
hEdi
ti
onEi
smi
nPage121.

Questi
onNumber. 27. Whatdi odegiv
esoffl
i
ghtphotonswhenf
orwar
dbi
ased.
Opti
onA. LED.
Opti
onB. Gunndi ode.
Opti
onC. Schot tkydiode.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. LED.
Expl
anati
[Link]
ght(
photons)whenf
orwardbiased.

Questi
onNumber . 28. Theanodeofadi odeisconnectedt
oa+4VDCsuppl
yandthecat
hodeisconnect
edtoa+2V
[Link].
Opti
onA. f orwardbiasednotconducti
ng.
Opti
onB. r eversebiasednotconducti
ng.
Opti
onC. f orwardbiasedconducti
ng.
Corr
ectAnsweris. forwardbi
asedconduct i
ng.
Expl
anati
[Link] asi
sanodet ocathode.4Vf
wdbi asand2Vr
ever
sebi
as,
thedi
odei
s2Vf wdbi
asintotal
.

Questi
onNumber . 29. Usingel
ectronf
lowinadiodet
hecurr
entfl
owsf r
om.
Opti
onA. Anodet oCat
hode.
Opti
onB. Cat hodetoBase.
Opti
onC. Cat hodetoAnode.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. CathodetoAnode.
Expl
anati
[Link] FLOW ( i
.[Link]
ati
on)iscathodeto anode(
agai
nstt
hear
row di
rect
ion)
.Ai
rcr
aft
El
ect
ri
ci
tyandEl
ect
roni
cs5t
hEdi
ti
onEi
smi
nPage111.

Questi
onNumber . 30. Whenahol ediff
usesfr
om thepregi
ontot
henr
egi
on.
Opti
onA. r aisest
hepot entialbarr
ier.
Opti
onB. i tbecomesami nor i
tycarri
eri
nthenregi
on.
Opti
onC. l owersthepotent i
albarrier
.
Corr
ectAnsweris. rai
sesthepot ent
ialbar
ri
er.
Expl
anati
[Link] ent
ialbarrierisformedbyholesdif
fusi
ngfr
om t
hePr
egi
ontot
heNr
egi
on,
(andel
ect
ronsdi
ff
usi
ng
fr
om theNregiontothePr egion).

Questi
onNumber. 31. Aj uncti
ondiode.
Opti
onA. canhandl eonlysmallcurr
ents.
Opti
onB. i ssimil
artoavacuum diodebutcannotr
ectif
y.
Opti
onC. hasonep- nj
uncti
on.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. hasonep-njunct
ion.
Expl
anati
[Link]
iondi
odeissonamedf ori
tsonejuncti
[Link]
rcr
aftEl
ect
ri
cit
yandEl
ect
roni
cs5t
hEdi
ti
onEi
smi
nPage
111.

Questi
onNumber . 32. Ager mani um diode.
Opti
onA. hasal owerforwardbiasv olt
aget hanasili
condiode.
Opti
onB. hasahi gherforwardbiasv ol
taget hanasil
icondiode.
Opti
onC. hast hesamef orwardbiasv olt
ageasasi li
condiode.
Corr
ectAnsweris. hasalowerf orwardbi asvoltaget
hanasi l
icondiode.
Expl
[Link]
wardbiasv olt
ageofger manium diode=0. [Link]
icondiode=0.
[Link]
rcr
aftEl
ect
ri
cit
yandEl
ect
roni
cs
5thEdi
tionEismi
nPage111.

Quest
ionNumber
. 33. Whatswi
tchesof
fat
hyr
ist
or?
.
Opti
onA. Rev er
sebiasgate.
Opti
onB. Remov ethegatevoltage.
Opti
onC. Remov esupplyvolt
age.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. Remov esuppl
yv ol
tage.
Expl
anat
[Link]
stor(suchasanSCR)y
oumustdi
sconnectt
hesuppl
yvol
[Link]
rcr
aftEl
ect
ri
cit
yand
El
ectr
onics5t
hEdit
ionEisminPage120.

Questi
onNumber . 34. WhenanSCRi sswitchedonithas.
Opti
onA. l owresistance.
Opti
onB. nochangei nresist
ance.
Opti
onC. hi ghresistance.
Corr
ectAnsweris. lowr esi
stance.
Expl
anati
[Link] i sbasi call
yaswitch,which,whenswitchedonhasal
ow r
esi
[Link]
rcr
aftEl
ect
ri
cit
yand
El
ectr
onics5t
hEditionEi sminPage120.

Questi
onNumber. 35. Whatt y
peofpulsei
srequi
redt
oswit
chonanSCR?
.
Opti
onA. Posi ti
ve.
Opti
onB. Negat ive.
Opti
onC. Posi ti
veornegativ
e.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. Posit
ive.
Expl
anati
[Link]
tivepulsei
srequi
redt
oswitchanSCRon.

Questi
onNumber. 36. Api eceofpur eGermani
um.
Opti
onA. i select
ri
cal
lystable.
Opti
onB. hasadef i
citofelectrons.
Opti
onC. hasanexcessofel ectrons.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. i
selectri
call
yst able.
Expl
anati
[Link]
dpi eceofsemi conduct
ormat
eri
al,al
lthev
alenceel
ect
ronsar
eoccupi
edi
nthecov
alentbond.I
t
doesnotconductel
ect
ri
cit
[Link]
rcr
aftEl
ect
ri
cit
yandEl
ect
roni
cs5t
hEdi
ti
onEi
smi
nPage110.

Questi
onNumber. 37. Whenadi odei
sforwar
dbi
ased,
cur
rentf
lowi
smai
nlyduet
othe.
Opti
onA. ger manium biasjuncti
on.
Opti
onB. maj ori
tycarri
ers.
Opti
onC. mi nori
tycarri
ers.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. maj or
itycarri
ers.
Expl
anati
[Link]=maj orit
ycarr
ier
s.

Questi
onNumber. 38. Whenadi odeisfor
wardbi
asedthe.
Opti
onA. posi ti
veleadisconnectedtobothNandPt ype.
Opti
onB. posi ti
veleadisconnectedtotheNtypeandnegati
vetothePty
pe.
Opti
onC. posi ti
veleadisconnectedtothePtypeandnegati
vetot
heNt y
pe.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. posit
iveleadisconnect
edtothePtypeandnegat
ivetot
heNt ype.
Expl
anati
[Link] ased,connectPosi
ti
vetoP,[Link]
aftElect
ri
cit
yandEl
ect
roni
cs5t
hEdi
ti
on
Ei
sminPage117.

Questi
onNumber. 39. Thet
ypi
cal
vol
tagedr
opacr
ossanL.
[Link]
s.
Opti
onA. 2V.
Opti
onB. 4V.
Opti
onC. 6V.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. 2V.
Expl
anati
on.2Vtypi
cal
.

Questi
onNumber. 40. Whataret
hemaj
ori
tycar
ri
ersf
oraf
orwar
dbi
asedPNj
unct
iondev
ice?
.
Opti
onA. El ect
ronsandhol
es.
Opti
onB. Hol es.
Opti
onC. El ectr
ons.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. Elect
ronsandholes.
Expl
anat
[Link]
it
ycarrier
sareel
ectronsi
ntheNmat
eri
al,
andhol
esi
nthePmat
eri
al.

QuestionNumber. 41. Ger mani

um i
nit
spurestat
eis.
Opti
onA. negat i
vel
ychar ged.
Opti
onB. neut r
al.
Opti
onC. posi ti
velycharged.
CorrectAnsweri
s. neutral
.
Explanati
[Link] andsili
conareneut
ral
l
ycharged,
[Link]
rcr
aftEl
ect
ri
cit
yandEl
ect
roni
cs5t
h
Edit
ionEisminPage110.

Questi
onNumber . 42. Whi chdiodehasal owerforwardbiasvol
tage?.
Opti
onA. Si l
i
con.
Opti
onB. Ger manium.
Opti
onC. Bot hhav ethesameforwardbiasvolt
age.
Corr
ectAnsweris. Germanium.
Expl
anati
[Link]
i
conabout0. 6V,Germanium [Link]
craftEl
ectr
ici
tyandEl
ect
roni
cs5t
hEdi
ti
onEi
smi
nPage111.

Questi
onNumber . 43. AZenerdi odeisusedfor
.
Opti
onA. v olt
agest abil
isat
ion.
Opti
onB. r ecti
fi
cation.
Opti
onC. v olt
ager egulati
on.
Corr
ectAnsweris. voltageregulat
ion.
Expl
anati
[Link] odeisusedf orv
oltager
egul
ati
[Link]
rcr
aftEl
ect
ri
cit
yandEl
ect
roni
cs5t
hEdi
ti
onEi
smi
nPage120.
Questi
onNumber . 44. At hyri
st orSCRi sa.
Opti
onA. bi -directi
onal dev i
ce.
Opti
onB. uni directional device.
Opti
onC. mul t
idir
ectional device.
Corr
ectAnsweris. unidirectional device.
Expl
anati
on. [Link] [Link]
-ast
r.
gsu.
edu/
hbase/
elect
roni
c/di
ac.
html
#c4

QuestionNumber . 45. Whatcomponenti susedt

otur
nACtoDC?
.
Opti
onA. Thy r
istor.
Opti
onB. Di ode.
Opti
onC. Tr ansistor.
CorrectAnsweris. Diode.
Explanati
[Link] hy
rist
or(
SCR)canbeused,adi
odei
[Link]
rcr
aftEl
ect
ri
cit
yandEl
ect
roni
cs5t
h
Edit
ionEisminPage113.

QuestionNumber . 45. Whatcomponenti susedt

otur
nACtoDC?
.
Opti
onA. Thy r
istor.
Opti
onB. Di ode.
Opti
onC. Tr ansistor.
CorrectAnsweris. Diode.
Explanati
[Link] hy
rist
or(
SCR)canbeused,adi
odei
[Link]
rcr
aftEl
ect
ri
cit
yandEl
ect
roni
cs5t
h
Edit
ionEisminPage113.

Questi
onNumber
. 46. Whati sani nt
ri
nsi
cmat
eri
al?
.
Opti
onA. Onewi thaddedelements.
Opti
onB. Onewi thremovedelements.
Opti
onC. Apur emat er
ial
.
Corr
ectAnsweris. Apuremater
ial
.
Expl
anat
[Link]
rinsi
cisapur
emat er
ial
.

Questi
onNumber. 47. Thev ol
tagedr
opofasil
icondi
odei
s.
Opti
onA. 1V.
Opti
onB. 0. 7V.
Opti
onC. 0. 3V.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. 0.7V.
Expl
anati
[Link]
craf
tElect
ri
cit
yandElect
roni
cs5t
hEditi
onEi
sminPage111.

Questi
onNumber . 48. Adi odei sparall
eltoanLEDi nanACci r
cuitt
o.
Opti
onA. pr ovidecorr
ectamountofcur rentforLEDwhenci r
cui
tisswitchedon.
Opti
onB. pr eventbackEMFi nt hecircui
twhenLEDi sswit
chedoff.
Opti
onC. pr otectLEDfrom ACcur rentwhenswi tchedon.
Corr
ectAnsweris. prot
ectLEDf rom ACcur r
entwhenswi t
chedon.
Expl
anati
[Link] i
vehalfcycleoftheACmustbeby passedaroundtheLED.

Questi
onNumber . 49. I naforwar
dbiaseddi
ode,cur
renti
scarr
iedby
.
Opti
onA. maj ori
tycarr
iers.
Opti
onB. bot h.
Opti
onC. mi nori
tycarr
iers.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. both.
Expl
anati
[Link],
rev
ersebiasi
sminori
tycar
ri
ersonl
y.

Questi
onNumber. 50. Whenchecki ngadiodeforr
ever
sebi
asr
esi
stancet
heposi
ti
vel
eadgoest
o.
Opti
onA. anodeandnegat i
veleadtoearth.
Opti
onB. cat hodeandnegat
iveleadtoanode.
Opti
onC. anodeandnegat i
veleadtocathode.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. cathodeandnegati
veleadtoanode.
Expl
anat
[Link]
ti
veleadtocathode.

Questi
onNumber. 51. Zenerdi odesareusedf
or.
Opti
onA. Cur rentcontr
ol.
Opti
onB. Vol tagecontr
ol.
Opti
onC. Temper at
urecontrol
.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. Volt
agecont r
ol.
Expl
anati
[Link] /
Reference(i
favai
l
able)
.

Questi
onNumber . 52. Oncest art
edconducti
nganSCRswi tchesoff
.
Opti
onA. onl ywhent heanodegoesnegat
ivetothecathode.
Opti
onB. aut omatical
lyaf
teraspeci
fi
cti
me.
Opti
onC. onl ywhent heanodegoesposi
ti
vetothecathode.
Corr
ectAnsweris. onlywhentheanodegoesnegati
vetot hecathode.
Expl
anati
[Link].

QuestionNumber . 53. I naf orwardbi

aseddiode,el
ect
ronsl
eavethe.
OptionA. t heanode.
OptionB. t hecathode.
OptionC. t hedopedar ea.
CorrectAnsweris. thecathode.
Explanati
[Link]
nAnswer [
3]="El
ectr
onsjumpaccrossthedepl
eti
onlayerf
rom t
heCat
hode(
-ve)t
otheAnode(
+ve)t
o
recombinewiththeholesandcl osethedeplet
ionl
ayer"
.

Quest
ionNumber
. 54. Di
odesar
e.
Opti
onA. conduct ors.
Opti
onB. semi -conductors.
Opti
onC. I nsul
ators.
Corr
ectAnsweris. semi-conductor
s.
Expl
anat
[Link] chi
scorr
ecti
nbot
hbi
asconf
igur
ati
ons.

Quest
ionNumber
. 55. Tof
unct
ion,i
.[Link]
,aj
unct
iondi
odemadeofsi
l
iconr
equi
resaf
orwar
dbi
asofatl
east
.

Opti
onA. 0. 2V.
Opti
onB. 1. 41V.
Opti
onC. 1V.
Corr
ectAnsweris. 1V.
Expl
anat
[Link]
i
condi odesr
equi
rear
ound0.
7V,
soai
sthecl
osest
.

Questi
onNumber . 56. Whati stheaver
agegai
nofanOpAmp? .
Opti
onA. 20.
Opti
onB. 200, 000.
Opti
onC. 200.
Corr
ectAnsweris. 200,000.
Expl
anati
[Link]. ht t
p://en.
wiki
pedi
[Link]
g/wi
ki
/Op_amp#DC_
behavi
or

1.
[Link]
conduct
ors-Di
odes.

Questi
onNumber. 1. Tunnel diodeshav et
hefol l
owingchar acter
istics.
Opti
onA. Heav i
lydopedP-Njuncti
onwi thanextremelynar r
owdepl etionregion.
Opti
onB. Li ghtl
ydopedPandNr egionsandahi ghr eversebreakdownv ol
tage.
Opti
onC. Li ghtl
ydopedPr egi
on,heav i
l
ydopedNr egionandhasaf astresponsetime.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. Heavil
ydopedP- Njuncti
onwithanext r
emelynar r
owdepl et
ionregion.
Expl
anat
[Link]
L. ht
tp:
//en.
wiki
pedi
[Link]
g/wi
ki
/Tunnel
_di
ode

Questi
onNumber . 2. Thecapaci tanceofav aract
ordi odeis.
Opti
onA. i nv ersel
ypr oporti
onal wi
threver
sebiasv olt
age.
Opti
onB. al inearfunct i
onofappl i
edrever
sebi asvolt
age.
Opti
onC. di rect l
yrelatedtothef or
wardbiasvol t
age.
Corr
ectAnsweris. inverselyproporti
onalwit
hrev er
sebiasv ol
tage.
Expl
anati
[Link]. ht tp://en.
wikipedi
[Link]
g/wiki
/Varactor_diode

Questi
onNumber . 3. Asemi conductordopedwi
thanel
ementhavi
ngav alencyof5wil
lproduce.
Opti
onA. anNt ypemat eri
al.
Opti
onB. ei t
heranNt ypeoraPt ypedependi
ngonwhatty
peofsemiconductormater
ial
isused.
Opti
onC. aPt ypematerial
.
Corr
ectAnsweri s. anNtypemat er
ial
.
Expl
[Link]
entmat eri
alsmakeanNt ypemat
eri
alduet
oitsextraelectr
[Link]
rcr
aftElect
ri
cit
yandEl
ect
roni
cs
5thEdi
tionEisminPage110.

Questi
onNumber . 4. I nadi odeclamper
,ift
her
esi
stori
sremov
edmaki
ngt
het
imeconst
antequal
toCxrwher
eri
s
ther
everser
esistanceoft
hedi ode,thi
swil
lensur
ea.
Opti
onA. l ongt i
meconstant.
Opti
onB. shor tt
imeconstant.
Opti
onC. Ver yLongTimeConst ant.
Corr
ectAnsweris. longt
imeconst ant.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber
. 5. PI Ndi
odesar
eusedmai
nlyf
or.
Opti
onA. l i
nearr
ect
if
ier
s.
Opti
onB. f astswi
tchi
ngdevi
ces.
Opti
onC. v olt
ageoperat
edrect
if
ier
s.
Corr
ectAnsweris. f
astswi
tchi
ngdevices.
Expl
anat
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 6. Toenabl eanIMPATTdi odet
ooperat
ecor
rect
ly,
itmustbe.
Opti
onA. connect edtoar esonantcir
cuit
.
Opti
onB. usedi nitsrever
sebi asmode.
Opti
onC. oper at
edi nit
snegat i
veresi
stancerange.
Corr
ectAnsweris. operat
edinitsnegativeresi
stancer
ange.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 7. Whatt ypeofdi
odewouldbeusedtostopvolt
agespikesacrossacoilofarel
ay?
.
Opti
onA. Gunndi ode.
Opti
onB. Doubl eactingdiode.
Opti
onC. Schot t
kydi ode.
Corr
ectAnsweris. Doubleactingdi
ode.
Expl
anati
[Link]. ht t
p://en.
wiki
pedi
[Link]
g/wi
ki
/Vol
tage_
stabi
l
iser,
htt
p://
en.
wikipedi
[Link]/
wiki
/Zener
_di
ode

Questi
onNumber . 8. Whati saschot tkydiodeusedfor?.
Opti
onA. Rect i
fi
cati
on.
Opti
onB. St abi
li
zati
on.
Opti
onC. Ver yhighfr
equencyappl i
cat
ions.
Corr
ectAnsweris. Ver
yhighfrequencyapplications.
Expl
[Link]
kydiodehasv eryl
ittl
ej uncti
oncapaci
tanceandcanbeusedf
orv
eryhi
ghf
requencyswi
tchi
ng
appl
icat
ions.
Questi
onNumber . 9. Whenahol edi f
fusesfr om ap-
regi
ontothen-
regi
onit
.
Opti
onA. becomesami nori
tycarrieri
nt hen-regi
on.
Opti
onB. l owersthepotenti
albarrier.
Opti
onC. r ai
sesthepot ent
ialbarr
ier.
Corr
ectAnsweris. rai
sesthepot ent
ialbarri
er.
Expl
anati
[Link] i
pti
veofhol escr ossi
ngt hePN junct
iontof
ormt hedepl
eti
onl
ayer
.Ai
rcr
aftEl
ect
ri
cit
yand
El
ectr
onics5t
hEditi
onEi sminPage111.

Questi
onNumber . 10. Thej uncti
onbar ri
eroffersopposi
ti
ont
oonl
y.
Opti
onA. hol esinthep- regi
on.
Opti
onB. f r
eeel ectronsinthen-region.
Opti
onC. maj or
itycarri
ersinbothr egions.
Corr
ectAnsweris. maj ori
tycarri
ersinbot hregi
ons.
Expl
anati
[Link]. ht tp://
[Link]
[Link]/wiki
/P-n_j
unct
ion

Questi
onNumber. 11. Av al
anchebreakdownoccurswhen.
Opti
onA. r ev
ersebiasexceedsacer tai
nv al
ue.
Opti
onB. f or
war dbiasexceedsacer tai
nv al
ue.
Opti
onC. f or
war dcurrentbecomesexcessi ve.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. r ev
er sebiasexceedsacer t
ainval
ue.
Expl
anati
[Link] biasing a diode wil
lcause aval
anche br
eakdown ata cer
tai
nval
[Link]
rcr
aftEl
ect
ri
cit
yand
El
ectr
onics5t
hEditionEismi nPage120.

Questi
onNumber. 12. Ifforwardbiasisincr
easedf rom zeroonap-njuncti
on,arapidi
ncr
easei
ncur
rentf
lowf
ora
r
elat
ivel
ysmal
li
ncreaseinv
oltageoccurs.
Opti
onA. whent hefl
owofmi nori
tycar
rier
sissuffi
cienttocauseanav
alanchebreakdown.
Opti
onB. whent hedepl
eti
onlayerbecomeslargerthanthespacechar
gear ea.
Opti
onC. onl yaftert
hefor
wardbiasexceedsthepot enti
albarr
ier
.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. onlyaftert
hef
orwardbi
asexceedsthepot
ent
ialbar
ri
er.
Expl
anat
[Link]
ionwil
lconductonl
ywhentheforwar
dbi
asv
olt
ageexceedst
hej
unct
ionbar
ri
er-
i
.eSi=0.6V,Ge=0.2V.

Questi
onNumber. 13. Abandpassf i
lt
erexcludesfrequenci
es.
Opti
onA. bel owt hefr equencyrequir
edonl y
.
Opti
onB. abov eandbel owthefrequencyrequir
ed.
Opti
onC. abov ethefr equencyrequir
edonl y.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. abov eandbel owt hefrequencyrequir
ed.
Expl
anati
[Link]- passf i
l
terexcludesf r
equenciesabov eandbel
ow apar
ti
cul
arf
requency
.Ai
rcr
aftEl
ect
ri
cit
yand
El
ectr
onics5t
hEditi
onEi smi nPage288.

Questi
onNumber . 14. I nanunbiasedp-njuncti
on,currentf
lowi s.
Opti
onA. zer o,becauseequal butopposi
tecur r
entsarecrossingthej
unct
ion.
Opti
onB. zer o,becausenochar gesarecrossingthejuncti
on.
Opti
onC. duet ot hediff
usionofmi nor
it
ycarrier
sonly.
Corr
ectAnsweris. zero,becausenochargesar ecrossi
ngt hejuncti
on.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Quest
ionNumber
. 15. Wi
thasmal
lampl
i
tudev
olt
age,whatt
ypeofdi
odewoul
dyouuset
opr
oducet
heout
put
wavef
orm?.

Opt
ionA. Gunn.
Opt
ionB. Zener
.
Opti
onC. Schot tky.
Corr
ectAnsweris. Schott
ky.
Expl
anat
[Link] ir
stpartofthedeviceisabasicRCdi f
ferent
iat
or,pr
ovi
dingposi
ti
veandnegativ
epulsesf
rom t
he
squar
ewav [Link]
ivepul
[Link]
udeissmall
,afastact
ingdi
odewithalow
for
wardbiasvol
tageisrequi
[Link]
tkydi
odefi
tsthebil
l.

Questi
onNumber. 16. Whatdi odeisusedtostoppowerspikesi
nacoil
?.
Opti
onA. Gunndi ode.
Opti
onB. Schot t
kydi ode.
Opti
onC. Twodi recti
onalzenerdiode.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. Twodi r
ectionalzenerdi
ode.
Expl
anati
[Link] r
ecti
onalzenerdiode(act
uall
y2zenerdiodesback-
to-
back)i
susedt
ost
oppowerspi
kes.

Quest
ionNumber
. 17. Whatt
ypeofdi
odewhenf
orwar
dbi
asedhol
esandel
ect
ronsr
ecombi
nepr
oduci
ngphot
ons?
.

Opti
onA. LED.
Opti
onB. Phot odiode.
Opti
onC. Gunn.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. LED.
Expl
anat
[Link]'phot
ons'
impl
i
esl
i
ghtemi
ssi
on-i
.[Link]
i
ghtemi
tt
ingdi
ode(
LED)
.

Questi
onNumber . 18. Azenerdi odeisdesignedtooperate.
Opti
onA. bel owitsbreakdownvolt
age.
Opti
onB. ei t
heraboveorbelowitsbreakdownv ol
tage.
Opti
onC. abov eitsbreakdownvolt
age.
Corr
ectAnsweris. aboveitsbr
eakdownv ol
tage.
Expl
anati
[Link] odei sdesi
gnedt ooperateabovei t
sbr eakdownv
olt
agecont
inuousl
[Link]
rcr
aftEl
ect
ri
cit
yand
El
ectr
onics5t
hEditi
onEismi nPage120.
Questi
onNumber . 19. At r
iaci
sat y
peof.
Opti
onA. t hermi stor
.
Opti
onB. t ransistor.
Opti
onC. t hyri
st or.
Corr
ectAnsweris. t hyri
stor.
Expl
anati
[Link] r
istorsinclude,SCRs,Tri
acsanddi
[Link]
rcr
aftEl
ect
ri
cit
yandEl
ect
roni
cs5t
hEdi
ti
onEi
smi
nPage120.

Questi
onNumber . 20. I fajuncti
ondiodeisrever
sebi
asedtoofar,
theoutputcur
rentwould.
Opti
onA. r eversedirecti
on.
Opti
onB. ceaset of l
ow.
Opti
onC. i ncr ease.
Corr
ectAnsweris. increase.
Expl
anati
[Link]
sebiasedtoofar
,itwi
l
l'br
eakdown'andahighcurrentwi
llf
low.

Questi
onNumber. 21. WhenaPNj unct
ionisf
orwar
dbi
ased,
itconduct
svi
a.
Opti
onA. i ntri
nsi
ccar ri
er.
Opti
onB. maj ori
tycarri
er.
Opti
onC. mi nori
tycarri
er.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. maj ori
tycar
ri
er.
Expl
anati
[Link]-major
itycarr
ier
s.

Quest
ionNumber
. 22. I
ntheZenerDi
odesuppr
essorshown,
poi
ntXi
nrespectt
opoi
ntYshoul
dbe.
Opti
onA. mor ePosit
ive.
Opti
onB. ei therposi
ti
veornegat
ive.
Opti
onC. mor enegati
ve.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. morenegati
ve.
Expl
anat
[Link]
nrev
ersebi
[Link]
rcr
aftEl
ect
ri
cit
yandEl
ect
roni
cs5t
hEdi
ti
onEi
smi
nPage
138.

Questi
onNumber. 23. I fthereversebiasvol
tageacrossadi
odeist
oohigh.
Opti
onA. l oadcurrentreducest ozero.
Opti
onB. l oadcurrentincreasesrapidl
y.
Opti
onC. l oadcurrentreverses.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. l
oadcur r
entincreasesrapi
dly.
Expl
anati
[Link]
her
ev ersebiasv ol
tageistoohigh,thedi
odewil
lbr
eakdownandpasscur
rent
.

Questi
onNumber . 24. AnLEDwhi chemi
tsgr
eenli
ghtuses.
Opti
onA. gal l
ium phosphi de.
Opti
onB. gal l
ium arsenide.
Opti
onC. gal l
ium arsenidephosphide.
Corr
ectAnsweris. gall
ium phosphide.
Expl
anati
[Link]. ht t
p://www. oksol
ar.
com/l
ed/
led_
color
_char
t.
htm
Questi
onNumber . 25. AnLEDwhi chemit
sredl
i
ghtuses.
Opti
onA. gal l
ium phosphide.
Opti
onB. gal l
ium arseni
dephosphide.
Opti
onC. gal l
ium arseni
de.
Corr
ectAnsweris. gall
ium arseni
dephosphi
de.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 26. Aphot odiodeisoperatedunder
.
Opti
onA. r ever
sebiasconditions.
Opti
onB. f orwardbiasconditi
ons.
Opti
onC. r ever
seorf orwar
dbi asconditi
ons.
Corr
ectAnsweris. rev
ersebiascondi t
ions.
Expl
anati
[Link]. ht t
p://
hyperphysics.
phy-ast
r.
gsu.
edu/hbase/
elect
roni
c/phot
det
.ht
ml#c2

Questi
onNumber . 27. Toi ncreasecapaci t
anceofav ar
actordiode.
Opti
onA. r ever
sebiasv ol
tagei si
ncreased.
Opti
onB. r ever
sebiasv ol
tagei sdecreased.
Opti
onC. f orwardbiasvol
tagei sdecreased.
Corr
ectAnsweris. rev
ersebiasv olt
agei sdecreased.
Expl
anati
[Link]. ht t
p:/
/www. [Link]/ content
/neet
s/14179/css/14179_
131.
htm

Quest
ionNumber
. 28. Thedi
agr
am showsa.
Opti
onA. v olt
agedoubl er.
Opti
onB. hal fwaver ecti
fier
.
Opti
onC. f ul
l wav
er ectif
ier.
Corr
ectAnsweris. vol
tagedoubl er
.
Expl
anat
[Link]. ht t
p://hyperphy
sics.
phy
-ast
r.
gsu.
edu/
hbase/
elect
roni
c/v
oldoub.
html

Questi
onNumber . 29. Abi -
dir
ectionalTRI
AChastwoSCRsconnect
edi
n.
Opti
onA. ser iesparall
el.
Opti
onB. i nv erseparall
el.
Opti
onC. par allel
seri
es.
Corr
ectAnsweris. inver
separ all
el.
Expl
anati
[Link]. ht tp:
//[Link]
[Link]
g/wi
ki/
TRI
AC

Questi
onNumber. 30. At hyr
ist
orcanbef
orwar
dbi
asedbya.
Opti
onA. posi ti
veornegativ
epulse.
Opti
onB. negat ivepulse.
Opti
onC. posi ti
vepulse.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. posit
ivepul
se.
Expl
anat
[Link]
ti
vepul
seonl
y.

Questi
onNumber. 31. N' t
ypemateri
alsar
edopedwith.
Opti
onA. accept ors.
Opti
onB. accept orsanddonors.
Opti
onC. donor s.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. donor s.
Expl
anati
on.N'typemat er
ial
shaveexcesselect
rons,t
heref
oret
hei
mpur
it
yel
ementi
sadonorofel
ect
[Link]
rcr
aft
El
ectr
ici
tyandEl
ectronics5thEdi
ti
onEisminPage110.

Quest
ionNumber
. 32. I
nanel
ect
roni
cci
rcui
t,i
ftheanodeofadi
odei
scl
ampedt
ogr
[Link]
sthi
scal
l
ed?
.

Opti
onA. Anegat iveclampingcircui
t.
Opti
onB. Anegat ivel
imiti
ngcircuit.
Opti
onC. Aposi ti
veclampingcircuit.
Corr
ectAnsweris. Apositi
veclampingci r
cui
t.
Expl
anat
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 33. Todecr easethecapaci t
anceofav
aract
or.
Opti
onA. r ever
sebiasshouldbedecr eased.
Opti
onB. f orwardbiasshoul
dbei ncr
eased.
Opti
onC. r ever
sebiasshouldbeincreased.
Corr
ectAnsweris. rev
ersebiasshouldbeincreased.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber. 34. AZenerdiodei
susedacr
osst
heout
putf
orapowersuppl
yci
rcui
tto.
Opti
onA. gi veafull
wav
erect
if
icati
on.
Opti
onB. pr eventt
her
mal r
unway .
Opti
onC. pr ovideast
eadyDCv ol
tageoutputwi
thoutfall
ing.
Corr
ectAnsweris. pr
ovi
deast eadyDCv ol
tageoutputwithoutfall
ing.
Expl
anat
[Link] ncomponentinav olt
ager egulat
or.

Quest
ionNumber
. 35. I
fadi
odehasgoneopenci
rcui
tinaf
ullwav
ebr
idger
ect
if
ier
,theout
putf
requencyr
ippl
eis.

Opti
onA. t hesameast hei nputfr
equency .
Opti
onB. t wicetheinputf r
equency .
Opti
onC. hal ftheinputfrequency.
Corr
ectAnsweris. thesameast heinputfr
equency.
Expl
anati
[Link] ul
lyserviceablebr i
dger ect
if
ierproducesanout
putr
ippl
etwi
cet
hei
nputf
requency
.Ifonedi
odegoes
openci
rcuit
,oneoftheout put'humps' dropstozer
o.

Questi
onNumber . 36. I naf ull
wav ebri
dger ectif
ier.
Opti
onA. t heoutputispur eDC.Frequencyis0Hz.
Opti
onB. t heoutputfrequencyistwicetheinputf requency.
Opti
onC. t heoutputvoltageistwicetheinputvoltage.
Corr
ectAnsweris. [Link] equencyi s0Hz.
Expl
anati
[Link] puti
sun- smoothedDCof2xi nputf r
equency
.

Questi
onNumber. 37. Af t
erpassi ngthr
ougharect
if
ier
,al
ter
natingcur
rentbecomes.
Opti
onA. smoot hdirectcurrent.
Opti
onB. pul sati
ngdi r
ectcur rent.
Opti
onC. squar ewav ef orm current.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. pulsati
ngdi rectcurrent
.
Expl
anati
[Link] ecti
fierdoesnotcont
ainanysmoothingcir
cui
try.
Questi
onNumber . 38. AZenerdi odeusual
l
ywor
ks.
Opti
onA. onl yinrever
sebi as.
Opti
onB. atv ariabl
evoltages.
Opti
onC. onl yinforwardbias.
Corr
ectAnsweris. onlyi
nr eversebi
as.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 39. P' typematerialsrequi
re.
Opti
onA. accept ors.
Opti
onB. conduct or s.
Opti
onC. donor s.
Corr
ectAnsweris. acceptors.
Expl
anati
[Link]. ht tp:/
/[Link]
pedi
[Link]/wiki
/P-t
ype_
semi
conduct
or

Questi
onNumber . 40. Whi chofthefoll
owingexplai
nshowthephot odi
odewor ks?
.
Opti
onA. Phot odiodesar eforwardbiasedtoconductwhenli
ghtfall
supont hem.
Opti
onB. Phot odiodesar ebackbiasednott oconductwhenli
ghtfal
lsupont hem.
Opti
onC. Phot odiodesar ebackbiasedt oconductwhenli
ghtfal
l
supont hem.
Corr
ectAnsweris. Photodiodesar ebackbiasedtoconductwhenli
ghtf al
l
supont hem.
Expl
anati
[Link]. ht t
p://
en. wiki
pedia.
org/wi
ki/Phot
odiodes

1.
[Link]
conduct
ors-Tr
ansi
stor
s.

Questi
onNumber
. 1. I
nanNPNt
ransi
stort
hePi
sthe.
Opti
onA. col l
ect
or.
Opti
onB. emi tt
er.
Opti
onC. base.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. base.
Expl
anat
[Link],t hemi
ddl
eonei
sal
way
[Link]
rcr
aftEl
ect
ri
cit
yandEl
ect
roni
cs5t
hEdi
ti
onEi
smi
nPage
116.

Questi
onNumber . 2. Whencompar edtoaphotodiode,aphot
otr
ansi
stor
.
Opti
onA. i sl esssensi
tivet
olightl
evels.
Opti
onB. r espondsfastert
ochangesofl i
ght.
Opti
onC. i ssl owertorespondtochangesoflight
.
Corr
ectAnsweris. i
sslowertorespondt ochangesofl
i
ght .
Expl
anati
[Link].

Quest i
onNumber . 3. Forcor rectoperat
ionofat r
ansi
stor,thef
ollowi
ngcondit
ionsmustappl y
.
OptionA. Thebase- emitterjunctionmustbef orwardbiasedandt hebase-
coll
ectorjunctionmustbegr eatert
han0.7
volts.
OptionB. ForanNPNt ransist
ort hebase-emitt
erjunct
ionmustbef or
wardbiasedandf oraPNPt r
ansi
storthebase
emi tterjuncti
onmustber eversebi ased.
OptionC. Thebase- coll
ectorjunct i
onmustber ever
sebiasedandt hebase-
emitterj
unctionmustbef orwardbiased.
Corr ectAnsweri s. Thebase-collectorjunct
ionmustber ev er
sebiasedandt hebase-emitterjuncti
onmustbef orwar
d
biased.
Explanat [Link]
craftElectri
cityandElect
roni
cs5thEdi t
ionpage116.

Questi
onNumber . 4. Cur
rentgai
ninacommonemi
tt
erampl
i
fieri
sgi
vent
hesy
mbol
.
Opti
onA. Β.
Opti
onB. a.
Opti
onC. Hcg.
Corr
ectAnsweris. Β.
Expl
anati
[Link].
Questi
onNumber . 5. Whenaposi tivevol
tageisappl
iedt
othebaseofanor
mal
l
ybi
asedn-
p-ncommonemi
tt
er
ampli
fi
er.
Opti
onA. t hecoll
ect orvoltagegoesl essposi
tiv
e.
Opti
onB. t heemi ttercurrentdecreases.
Opti
onC. t hebasecur r
entdecr eases.
Corr
ectAnsweris. thecol l
ectorvoltagegoeslessposi
ti
ve.
Expl
anati
[Link] hecircuitandwor kitout
.

Questi
onNumber. 6. Whi chwaydoesconvent
ionalcur
rentf
lowi
naPNPjunct
ion?
.
Opti
onA. Emi tt
ertobase.
Opti
onB. Col lectort
obase.
Opti
onC. Col lectort
oemi t
ter.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. Emi t
tert
obase.
Expl
anati
[Link]
onalcurr
entinaPNPtransi
storfl
owsf r
om EMI
TTERt
[Link] e:I
nanNPNt
ransi
stori
twoul
d
becoll
ect
ortoemitt
er.

Questi
onNumber. 7. Forconduct i
onofatr
ansi
stor
,theemit
terjunct
ionis.
Opti
onA. f or
wardorr everseasappropr
iat
etothei
nputsignal
.
Opti
onB. r ev
ersebiased.
Opti
onC. f or
wardbiased.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. for
war dbi ased.
Expl
anati
[Link]
ort oswit
chon,thebase-
emitter(
orjustemitter
)junct
ionmustbef
orwar
dbi
[Link]
rcr
aft
El
ectr
ici
tyandEl
ectr
onics5t hEditi
onEismi
nPage116.

Questi
onNumber
. 8. I naPNPtr
ansi
stor
,whi
chwaydoesconv
ent
ional
cur
rentf
low?
.
Opti
onA. Baset oemit
ter.
Opti
onB. Col l
ect
ort
oemi tt
er.
Opti
onC. Emi t
tert
ocollect
or.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. Emit
tertocoll
ector
.
Expl
anati
[Link] transist
or,themai
ncur
rentf
low i
sEmi
tt
ert
oCol
l
ect
or(
rev
erseofwhati
tiswi
thanNPN
tr
ansi
stor
).

Questi
onNumber . 9. I naPNPt ransistor,
conventi
onalcurr
entwi
l
lfl
owwhen.
Opti
onA. t heemi tt
eri
smor eposit
ivethant hebase.
Opti
onB. t hebasei smoreposit
ivethant heemitt
er.
Opti
onC. t hecoll
ectori
smor epositi
vet hantheemitt
er.
Corr
ectAnsweris. theemit
terismoreposi ti
vethanthebase.
Expl
anati
[Link] t
chaPNPon, t
heemi ttermustbeposi t
ivecompar
edtot
hebase(
opposi
tet
oanNPN)
.

Questi
onNumber. 10. Inacommoncol l
ectorci
rcui
ttheoutputandi
nputar
e.
Opti
onA. i nphase.
Opti
onB. outofphaseby60° .
Opti
onC. outofphaseby90° .
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. i
nphase.
Expl
anati
[Link]
ector-out
puti
sin-
phasewi t
htheinput.

Questi
onNumber. 11. ForanNPNt r
ansist
ort
oconductt
hecoll
ect
orcir
cui
thastobe.
Opti
onA. mor eposit
ivethanthebase.
Opti
onB. l essposit
ivethantheemitt
er.
Opti
onC. mor eposit
ivethantheemitt
er.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. moreposi t
ivet
hanthebase.
Expl
anati
[Link]
chanNPNci rcui
tandmarkthetwocurr
entfl
[Link]
rcr
aftEl
ect
ri
cit
yandEl
ect
roni
cs5t
hEdi
ti
onEi
smi
n
Page116.
Quest
ionNumber
. 12. Poi
ntXcompar
edt
opoi
nt.

Opti
onA. Yi smorenegati
v e.
Opti
onB. Zi smoreposit
ive.
Opti
onC. Zi smorenegati
v e.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. Zismoreposi t
ive.
Expl
anat
[Link] r
ansi
stor
.Thecol lect
ori
smor
eposi
ti
vet
hant
[Link]
rcr
aftEl
ect
ri
cit
yandEl
ect
roni
cs5t
hEdi
ti
on
Ei
sminPage116/117.

Quest
ionNumber
. 13. Ther
esi
stancemeasur
edusi
nganAVObet
weent
heCol
l
ect
orandEmi
tt
erofat
ransi
stori
s.

Opti
onA. smal l
erCollectortoEmi t
ter.
Opti
onB. samebot hway s.
Opti
onC. hi gherColl
ect ortoEmi t
ter.
CorrectAnsweris. samebot hway s.
Expl
[Link] t
houtlookingt oodeeplyintoi
t,atr
ansi
stori
stwodi
odesback-
to-
back,
sohav
ehi
ghr
esi
stancebot
hway
s.
Air
craftElect
ri
cit
yandEl ectronics5thEditi
onEisminPage119.

Questi
onNumber
. 14. At r
ansi
stori
susedin.
Opti
onA. cur r
entampli
fi
ers.
Opti
onB. bot hcur
rentampli
fi
ersandvol
tageampl
i
fier
s.
Opti
onC. v ol
tageampli
fi
ers.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. bothcurr
entampl
if
ier
sandvolt
ageampl
ifi
ers.
Expl
anat
[Link]
storcanampli
fyeit
hercur
rentorvol
tageorbot
h,dependi
ngont
heconf
igur
ati
on(
CE,CB,CC)
.

Quest
ionNumber
. 15. Undernor
mal
oper
ati
ngcondi
ti
onsXwi
l
lbe.

Opti
onA. negat ivewithrespecttoZ.
Opti
onB. posi ti
vewi t
hrespecttoZ.
Opti
onC. negat ivewithrespecttoY.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. positi
vewithrespecttoZ.
Expl
anat
[Link]
oronaNPNt ransi
stori
smor
eposi
ti
vet
hant
hebaseandt
heemi
tt
[Link]
rcr
aftEl
ect
ri
cit
yand
El
ectr
onics5t
hEdit
ionEisminPage116/ 117.

Questi
onNumber. 16. I nwhi chdir
ecti
ondoest
hecurr
entflowonaPNPt
ransi
storwhenf
orwar
dbi
ased?
.
Opti
onA. Emi tt
ertobase.
Opti
onB. Emi tt
ertocollector
.
Opti
onC. Col lectortoemi t
ter.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. Emi tt
ertocol l
ect
or.
Expl
anati
[Link],current(conventi
onal)f
lowsemi
tt
ert
ocollector
.
Questi
onNumber. 17. Wi t
hanNPNtransi
storel
ect
ronsleav
ethe.
Opti
onA. Base.
Opti
onB. Col lector
.
Opti
onC. Emi tt
er.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. Emi t
ter
.
Expl
anati
[Link] ect
rons(
NOTconvent
ionalcur
rent
)leav
eattheEmi
tt
er.

Questi
onNumber . 18. I nat ransi
stor
,thear
rowal
way
spoi
ntsi
nthedi
rect
ionof
.
Opti
onA. el ect r
onf l
ow.
Opti
onB. conv entional
current.
Opti
onC. emi t
ter.
Corr
ectAnsweris. conventi
onal cur
rent
.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 19. I nanNPNt ransistorthe.
Opti
onA. col l
ectori
smor eposi
ti
vet hanthebase.
Opti
onB. col l
ectori
st hesameast hebase.
Opti
onC. emi t
teri
smor epositi
vethant hebase.
Corr
ectAnsweris. col
lectorismoreposi t
ivethanthebase.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 20. I nanNPNt ransistorthe.
Opti
onA. emi t
teri
smor eposi
ti
vethant hebase.
Opti
onB. col l
ectori
smor eposi
ti
vet hantheemi tt
er.
Opti
onC. emi t
teri
smor eposi
ti
vethant hecol l
ector.
Corr
ectAnsweris. col
lect
orismoreposi t
ivethant heemit
ter
.
Expl
anati
[Link].
1.
[Link]
conduct
ors-Tr
ansi
stor
s.

Questi
onNumber . 1. I flightent
eri
ngaphot
otr
ansi
stordecr
eases,
thecur
rentt
othecol
l
ect
or.
Opti
onA. decr eases.
Opti
onB. r emai nsthesame.
Opti
onC. i ncr eases.
Corr
ectAnsweris. decreases.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 2. Asi l
i
conbi -
polart
ransist
orwithtwodeplet
ionzones.
Opti
onA. oper atesbyvaryi
ngelectri
cfiel
ds.
Opti
onB. i sav ol
tageoperateddevi
ce.
Opti
onC. consi stsof3sli
cesofsemi conductormateri
al.
Corr
ectAnsweris. consi
stsof3slicesofsemi conduct
ormat er
ial
.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Quest
ionNumber
. 3. Howi
stheampl
i
fieri
nthedi
agr
am shownwi
red?
.

Opt
ionA. Commonbase.
Opt
ionB. Commonemi tt
er.
Opt
ionC. Commoncol l
ect
or.
Cor
rectAnsweri
s. Commonemitt
er.
Expl
anat
[Link]
L.

Questi
onNumber. 4. " Todecreasethevolt
agegainofacommonemi t
terampli
fi
eryouwouldincr
ease
ther
esist
ancei
nt he."
Opti
onA. baseci r
cuit
.
Opti
onB. emi ttercir
cuit.
Opti
onC. col lectorcircuit.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. col l
ect orcir
cuit
.
Expl
anati
[Link] hecollect
orresi
stance(RL)i
ncr
easestheout
putvol
tageofthetr
ansi
stor
.

Questi
onNumber . 5. Thecur rentI
/PandO/
Pwav
efor
msi
nacommonemi
tt
erampl
i
fierar
e.
Opti
onA. outofphase.
Opti
onB. i nphase.
Opti
onC. 90°outofphase.
Corr
ectAnsweris. outofphase.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 6. Whichmodeofoper
ati
onpr
ovi
dest
hebesthi
ghf
requencyr
esponse?Common.
Opti
onA. emi t
ter
.
Opti
onB. base.
Opti
onC. col l
ector.
Corr
ectAnsweris. base.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Quest
ionNumber
. 7. AFETwhencompar
edt
oaj
unct
iont
ransi
stori
s.
Opti
onA. l owi mpedance.
Opti
onB. cur rentoperat
ed.
Opti
onC. hi ghimpedance.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. highimpedance.
Expl
anat
[Link]
ageofaFETi
sit
shi
ghi
nputi
mpedance.

Questi
onNumber. 8. Onechar acter
ist
icoftheemitt
erfol
l
oweris.
Opti
onA. l owr esi
stanceout put.
Opti
onB. l owcur rentamplif
ication.
Opti
onC. hi ghv ol
tageampl ifi
cation.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. lowr esi
stanceout put.
Expl
anati
[Link] tt
erfol
lower( commoncol lect
or)hasthel
owestoutputr
esi
stanceofal
lthr
eeconf
igur
ati
ons.

Questi
onNumber . 9. Anampl i
fiercurrentgai
nwi l
lbesli
ghtl
ylessthan1,butit
sv ol
tagegai
nwi
l
lbehi
gh,i
fiti
s
connect
edinthe.
Opti
onA. commonbaseconf i
gurati
on.
Opti
onB. commonemi tt
erconfi
gurati
on.
Opti
onC. commoncol l
ect
orconfi
guration.
Corr
ectAnsweris. commonbaseconf i
gurati
on.
Expl
anati
[Link] igurat
ionprov
idesacurr
entgai
noflessthan1.

Quest
ionNumber
. 10. Thecommoncol
l
ect
orampl
i
fieri
ssomet
imescal
l
edt
heemi
tt
erf
oll
owerci
rcui
tbecause.

Opti
onA. t heemitt
ervol
tagefol
lowsthecol
lect
orvolt
age.
Opti
onB. t heemitt
ercur
rentf
ollowsthecol
lect
orcurr
ent.
Opti
onC. t heemitt
ervol
tagefol
lowsthebasevolt
age.
Corr
ectAnsweris. t
heemitt
ervolt
agefoll
owsthebasevolt
age.
Expl
anat
[Link].
Questi
onNumber. 11. Ampl if
iersmaybecl assifi
edas.
Opti
onA. v ol
tageampl i
fi
ersorpowerampl if
iers.
Opti
onB. v ol
tageampl i
fi
ersori mpedanceampl if
ier
s.
Opti
onC. commonemi tt
erorcommoncol l
ectorampl if
ier
s.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. v ol
tageampl i
fiersorpowerampl i
fi
ers.
Expl
anati
[Link]
iersareclassi
fiedaseithervoltageorpowerampl
i
fier
s.

Questi
onNumber. 12. Anampl i
fi
ercanpr ovi
debothvol
tagegai
nandcur r
entgai
nwheniti
sconnect
edi
nthe.
Opti
onA. commoncol l
ect
orconfi
gurati
on.
Opti
onB. commonemi tt
erconfi
gurat
ion.
Opti
onC. commonbaseconf i
gurat
ion.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. commonemitt
erconfigurat
ion.
Expl
anati
[Link]
ythecommonemi t
terconfigur
ationpr
ovi
desbothcur
rentandvolt
agegai
ngreat
ert
han1.

Questi
onNumber. 13. Howdoy oui ncreasevolt
agegainofanampli
fi
er?
.
Opti
onA. decr easebaseci r
cuitbias.
Opti
onB. decr easeinputresist
ance.
Opti
onC. decr easeout putr
esist
ance.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. decreaseinputresistance.
Expl
anati
[Link]
fi
ergain=f eedbackr esistance/inputr
esi
stance.

Quest
ionNumber
. 14. I
nthedi
agr
am shown,
whati
sresi
storRusedf
or?
.
OptionA. Ampl if
ication.
OptionB. Bi as.
OptionC. St abi
li
sation.
CorrectAnsweris. Stabil
isati
on.
Explanati
[Link] susedt
opr
ovi
det
her
malst
abi
l
isat
iont
othet
ransi
storbysuppl
yi
ngnegat
ivef
eedbacki
fthe
quiescentpoi
ntmov es.

Questi
onNumber. 15. Thei nputandoutputsi
gnal
sofacommonemit
terampl
ifi
erar
e.
Opti
onA. i nphase.
Opti
onB. equal .
Opti
onC. outofphase.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. outofphase.
Expl
anati
[Link] tt
erampli
fi
eristheonl
yconfi
gur
ati
onwhi
chprovi
desanoutputwhi
chi
sant
i-
phasewi
th
thei
nput.

Questi
onNumber
. 16. At r
ansist
ori
ssai
dtobei
nthequi
escentst
atewhen.
Opti
onA. nocur rentsar
efl
owing.
Opti
onB. i ti
sunbiased.
Opti
onC. nosi gnali
sappli
edtothei
nput
.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. nosignali
sappl
iedt
otheinput
.
Expl
anati
[Link]
ateofatr
ansi
storiswhenDCi
ssuppl
i
edt
othebaset
obi
ast
het
ransi
stor
.Nosi
gnali
s
appl
ied.

Questi
onNumber . 17. Acommonbaset ransi
storcir
cuitissocal l
edbecause.
Opti
onA. t hebasei scommont ot heemitt
erandcollectorcir
cuits.
Opti
onB. t hebaser egi
onislocatedbetweentheemi tt
erandcol l
ectorregi
on.
Opti
onC. t hebasei sn-t
ypemat eri
al.
Corr
ectAnsweris. thebaseiscommont otheemitterandcol l
ectorcir
cui
ts.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Quest
ionNumber
. 18. Wi
thr
efer
encet
otheci
rcui
tshownbel
ow,
howi
sthet
ransi
storconf
igur
ed?
.

Opti
onA. Commonemi tter
.
Opti
onB. Commoncol lector.
Opti
onC. Commonbase.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. Commonemi tt
er.
Expl
anat
[Link]
agram showsacommonemi
tt
erci
rcui
t.

Quest
ionNumber
. 19. I
ntheci
rcui
tdi
agr
am shown,
R1andR2ar
eusedt
o.

Opt
ionA. sett
het
ransi
storgai
n.
Opti
onB. i ncreasethebasev ol
tage.
Opti
onC. sett heDCbi asl
evel.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. sett heDCbiaslevel
.
Expl
anat
[Link] esi
storsR1andR2ar etosett
hebi
asl
eveloft
het
ransi
stor
,i.
e.t
oputt
het
ransi
stori
ntoqui
escence.

Questi
onNumber . 20. I naFET, thejuncti
onconnecti
onsar
ecall
ed.
Opti
onA. dr ain,sourceandgat e.
Opti
onB. dr ain,col
lectorandjuncti
ons.
Opti
onC. base, col
lect
orandemi t
ter
.
Corr
ectAnsweris. drain,sourceandgat e.
Expl
anati
[Link] eadsofaFETar ecall
eddr ai
n,sour
[Link]
craf
tEl
ect
ri
cit
yandEl
ect
roni
cs5t
hEdi
ti
onEi
smi
n
Page120.

Questi
onNumber. 21. Howi sapush-pul
ltr
ansi
storarr
angementconnect
ed?
.
Opti
onA. Col lectort
ocollector
.
Opti
onB. Emi tt
ertoemi t
ter.
Opti
onC. Baset obase.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. Emittertoemitter
.
Expl
anati
[Link] i
fi
eriswiredemit
tert
oemi t
ter
.

Questi
onNumber. 22. Ther mal runawayinat ransist
oriscausedby
.
Opti
onA. excessi veheatcausingmaxi mum currentfl
ow.
Opti
onB. excessi veheatcausingmi ni
mum cur rentfl
ow.
Opti
onC. l owheatcausingmi nimum currentfl
ow.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. excessi
veheatcausi ngmaximum cur rentf
low.
Expl
anati
[Link]
malr unawayiscausedbyex cessivetemperatur
ecreat
ingani
ncr
easei
ncur
rentf
low andhencean
i
ncreasei
ntemperat
[Link]
c..
Questi
onNumber. 23. Anadv ant ageofacommonemitt
eris.
Opti
onA. i thashighpowergain.
Opti
onB. i tisavolt
agefoll
ower.
Opti
onC. i thashighvol
tagegain.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. i
thashighpowergai n.
Expl
anati
[Link] t
terconfigurat
ionhasahi
ghpowergai
n.

Questi
onNumber . 24. Whatcl
assofampl
i
fieri
sbi
asedatcutof
f?.
Opti
onA. C.
Opti
onB. B.
Opti
onC. A.
Corr
ectAnsweris. B.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Quest
ionNumber
. 25. Whent
est
ingat
ransi
storwi
thanohmmet
er,whati
sther
esi
stanceoft
heemi
tt
er/
col
l
ect
or?
.

Opti
onA. Lowr esi
st ancebothway s.
Opti
onB. Hi ghresistanceoneway .
Opti
onC. Hi ghresistancebot hways.
Corr
ectAnsweris. Highr esi
stancebothways.
Expl
anati
[Link] at ransistoras2backt obackdi
odesandwor
kitoutf
rom t
her
e(samef
orPNPasNPN)
.Ai
rcr
aft
El
ectr
ici
tyandElect
ronics5t hEditi
onEismi
nPage119.

Questi
onNumber. 26. At ransi
storatsat
urat
ionhas.
Opti
onA. l owresistance.
Opti
onB. zer oresistance.
Opti
onC. hi ghresistance.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. l
owr esi
stance.
Expl
anat
[Link]
ansistoratsaturat
ioni
sswi
tchedon-t
her
efor
ehasl
owr
esi
stance.

Questi
onNumber. 27. Acapaci t
or-
resi
storcoupl
edmul
ti
stageampl
i
fierl
ets.
Opti
onA. DCpassonl y
.
Opti
onB. ACandDCpasst othenextstage.
Opti
onC. ACpassonl y
.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. ACpassonly
.
Expl
anati
[Link]
torl
etsACpassonl y
.

Questi
onNumber . 28. Anosci ll
atoroper
ati
ngatit
snatural
frequencyhasfeedbackwhi
chi
s.
Opti
onA. 90degr eesoutofphase.
Opti
onB. 180degr eesoutofphase.
Opti
onC. i n-phase.
Corr
ectAnsweris. i
n- phase.
Expl
anati
[Link] l
latorprov
idesposit
ivei
n-phasef
eedbacktoswitchit
sel
fov er
.

Questi
onNumber. 29. Whi chmathemat
icaloper
ati
onisper
for
medbyamodulatorampl
if
ier
?.
Opti
onA. Addi t
ion.
Opti
onB. Subt r
acti
on.
Opti
onC. Mul ti
pli
cat
ion.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. Multipl
i
cati
on.
Expl
anati
[Link] at
orampl i
fi
eri
sabasicinput/
outputampl
if
ierusedf
orampl
i
f y
ingasi
gnal.I
t'mul
ti
pli
es't
hei
nput
si
gnalbytheval
ueofthegain.

Quest
ionNumber
. 30. AJFETi
s.
Opti
onA. ei t
heroft heabov edependingonresist
ancei
ntheci
rcui
t.
Opti
onB. cur rentsensiti
ve.
Opti
onC. v olt
agesensi ti
ve.
Corr
ectAnsweris. voltagesensit
ive.
Expl
anat
ion.A JFET i sv olt
agesensi t
ive,whereasanor malt
ransi
stori
scur
rentsensi
ti
[Link]
rcr
aftEl
ect
ri
cit
yand
El
ectr
onics5t
hEdi ti
onEi sminPage119.

QuestionNumber . 31. Ther malrunawayinat ransistorref er

sto.
Opti
onA. hi ghcurrentflowwhent emperaturedecr eases.
Opti
onB. l owcurrentflowwhent emperatureincreases.
Opti
onC. hi ghcurrentflowwhent emperatureincreases.
CorrectAnsweri s. hi
ghcur r
entf
lowwhent emper atur ei
ncreases.
Expl
anat i
[Link] malr unawayi scausedbyt he'negat i
vet emperatur
ecoef
fi
cient
'ofsemi
conduct
[Link]
eheat
,less
resi
stant,hencemor ecur r
[Link]
,mor eheatet [Link] c..

Questi
onNumber . 32. Resi
stor
sandcapaci
tor
sar
eusedt
ocoupl
est
agesofampl
i
fier
ssot
hat
.
Opti
onA. onl yDCcanbeappli
ed.
Opti
onB. onl yACcanbeappli
ed.
Opti
onC. equal amount
sofACandDCcanbeapplied.
Corr
ectAnsweris. onl
yACcanbeappl
ied.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 33. Anadv antageofaFETwhencompar
edt oabi-pol
art
ransi
stori
s.
Opti
onA. t heswitchingtimei squi cker.
Opti
onB. t heinputresistancei shigher.
Opti
onC. t heinputresistancei sl
ower .
Corr
ectAnsweris. theinputr esist
ancei shigher
.
Expl
anati
[Link] ghi nputresist
anceandal
owout
putresi
stance.
Quest
ionNumber
. 34. Thet
ypi
cal
bandwi
dthf
oranaudi
ofr
equencyampl
i
fieri
sshownbyl
i
ne.

Opti
onA. Z.
Opti
onB. X.
Opti
onC. Y.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. X.
Expl
anat
[Link]
ofrequencyi
sty
pical
l
y15Hz-20kHz,
soXi
sthecl
osest
.

Questi
onNumber . 35. Wher earedecoupl
i
ngcapacitorsusedi
ndigi
talci
rcui
ts?
.
Opti
onA. Bet weenpi ns1&8.
Opti
onB. Cl osetot heposit
ivepi
n.
Opti
onC. Cl osetot henegati
vepin.
Corr
ectAnsweris. Closet ot
hepositi
vepi
n.
Expl
anati
[Link]'i
sani mportantr
equir
[Link]
orhastobeascloseaspossi
blet
othe+v
epowersuppl ypin.
Answera)couldalsobet r
ueassumingpin8tobegr ound,buti
ntherealworldnotal
lpi
n8’sar
enegat
ive,especi
all
yin
DILpackageswit
hmor et han8pins.

Questi
onNumber
. 36. ACommonCol l
ect
orcir
cuithasthefol
lowi
ngcharact
eri
sti
cs.
Opti
onA. Medi um Vol
tageGain,
HighCurr
entGain,Non-
Inver
tedOutput
.
Opti
onB. LowVol tageGain,
HighCurr
entGai
n,Invert
edOutput.
Opti
onC. Medi um Vol
tageGain,
LowCur r
entGai
n,Inver
tedOut
put.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. Medium Volt
ageGain,Hi
ghCurr
entGain,Non-
Inver
tedOut
put
.
Expl
anat
[Link] l
ectori
sav ol
tagef
oll
ower,
wi t
hhighcur
rentgai
n.

Questi
onNumber . 37. I naCommonEmi t
terAmpli
fi
erREi
susedf
or.
Opti
onA. l oadcont r
ol.
Opti
onB. bi asing.
Opti
onC. st abi
li
sation.
Corr
ectAnsweris. stabil
i
sation.
Expl
anati
[Link] tterresi
stori
sast
abi
l
izi
ngresi
stor
.

Quest
ionNumber
. 38. I
nthedi
agr
am t
her
elat
ionshi
poft
hei
nputt
otheout
puti
s.

Opti
onA. 180degr eesoutofphase.
Opti
onB. 90degr eesoutofphase.
Opti
onC. i nphase.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. 180degreesoutofphase.
Expl
anat
[Link] tt
erconfi
gurat
ioni
nver
tst
hesi
gnal
.

Quest
ionNumber
. 39. Themostsui
tabl
ecl
assofampl
i
fierf
orahi
ghf
idel
i
tyr
adi
otr
ansmi
tt
eri
s.
Opti
onA. B.
Opti
onB. C.
Opti
onC. A.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. A.
Expl
anat
[Link]
if
ieri
saCl
assA.

Quest
ionNumber
. 40. Whi
chcur
vei
sfr
om aBr
oadbandampl
i
fier
?.

Opti
onA. C.
Opti
onB. A.
Opti
onC. B.
Corr
ectAnsweris. A.
Expl
anat
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 41. At ransi
stori
nCommonEmi
tt
ermodegi
ves.
Opti
onA. hi ghv olt
agegai nonly.
Opti
onB. hi ghcur rentgainonly
.
Opti
onC. hi ghpowergai n.
Corr
ectAnsweris. hi
ghpowergai n.
Expl
anati
[Link].
Questi
onNumber . 42. Forat r
ansistori
ncommonemi tt
ermode,t
heterm Hfeindi
cat
es.
Opti
onA. t heVoltagegainVce/VbeatI bconstant
.
Opti
onB. t hePowergai nPin/
Pout .
Opti
onC. t hecurrentgai
nIc/I
batVceconst ant
.
Corr
ectAnsweris. thecurr
entgainIc/IbatVceconstant
.
Expl
anati
[Link]. ht t
p://
www. vi
[Link]/brands/measur
ement
s_group/
guide/gl
ossar
y/commodv
[Link]
m

Questi
onNumber . 43. I nadif
fer
entialamplif
iert
heter
m' commonmodevol
tage'
means.
Opti
onA. out putvol
tagewit
honei nputconnectedtocommongr ound.
Opti
onB. out putvol
tagewit
hnon-inverti
nginputat0volt
s.
Opti
onC. out putvol
tagewhenbothi nputshaveequalvol
tages.
Corr
ectAnsweris. out
putvol
tagewhenbot hi
nputshaveequal v
olt
ages.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 44. I nanidealcurrentamplifi
er.
Opti
onA. i nputimpedancemustbel owandout puthigh.
Opti
onB. i nputimpedancemustbehi ghandout putl
ow.
Opti
onC. bot hinputandoutputimpedancesmustbel ow.
Corr
ectAnsweris. i
nputimpedancemustbel owandout puthigh.
Expl
anati
[Link]. ht t
p:/
/[Link]
[Link]/ 0131470469/ ch11lev
1sec6

Questi
onNumber . 45. I nanideal
v olt
ageamplifier
.
Opti
onA. i nputimpedancemustbehi ghandout putimpedancelow.
Opti
onB. i nputimpedancemustbel owandout putimpedancehigh.
Opti
onC. i nputimpedancemustbel owandout putimpedancelow.
Corr
ectAnsweris. i
nputimpedancemustbehi ghandout putimpedancel
ow.
Expl
anati
[Link]. ht t
p:/
/[Link]
[Link]/0131470469/ch11lev
1sec6
Questi
onNumber . 46. Thet ermICErelat
edt otransi
stori
ncommonemi t
termodemeans.
Opti
onA. l eakagecur r
entfl
owingbetweenCol l
ectorandEmi t
terwit
hBaseopenci
rcuited.
Opti
onB. f orwar
dcur r
entbetweenColl
ectorandEmi tt
erwithBaseconnectedt
osignal.
Opti
onC. l eakagecur r
entbetweenColl
ectorandEmi tt
erwithBaseconnectedt
oground.
Corr
ectAnsweris. for
wardcurr
entbetweenCollectorandEmitterwit
hBaseconnect
edt osignal
.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 47. Acommonbaseampl i
fi
erhas.
Opti
onA. hi ghi nputandhighoutputimpedance.
Opti
onB. l owi nputandhighoutputimpedance.
Opti
onC. l owi nputandmedi um outputimpedance.
Corr
ectAnsweris. lowinputandhi
ghout putimpedance.
Expl
anati
[Link]. ht t
p://
www. t
[Link]/ cont
ent/neet
s/14180/
css/
14180_
48.
htm

QuestionNumber . 48. Theemi

tt
er,baseand col
l
ect
orcur
rent
sinacommonemi
tt
erci
rcui
t,f
oll
ow ohm'
sand
ki
rchoff'
slaw,whichis.
Opti
onA. I e=Ic-Ib.
Opti
onB. I b=Ie+I c.
Opti
onC. I e=Ib+I c.
CorrectAnsweris. I
e=I b+I
c.
Expl
anat i
[Link].

1.
3a.I
ntegr
atedCi
rcui
ts.

Questi
onNumber. 1. Whatar etheideal
char
acter
ist
icsofanOpAmp? .
Opti
onA. I nf
ini
tegai
n,i
nfi
nit
einputI
mpedanceandinf
ini
teoutputi
mpedance.
Opti
onB. I nf
ini
tegai
n,inf
ini
tei nputImpedanceandzeroout
putimpedance.
Opti
onC. Lowgai n,inf
ini
teinputI mpedanceandzeroout
putimpedance.
Corr
ectAnsweris. I
nfi
nit
egain,infini
teinputI
mpedanceandzerooutputi
mpedance.
Expl
anat
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 2. Whatgat
edoest
hef
oll
owi
ngBool
eanexpr
essi
onr
epr
esentF=A.
B.C.
Opti
onA. AND.
Opti
onB. OR.
Opti
onC. NOT.
Corr
ectAnsweris. AND.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 3. Whatgat
edoest
hef
oll
owi
ngBool
eanexpr
essi
onr
epr
esentF=A+B+C.
Opti
onA. NOR.
Opti
onB. OR.
Opti
onC. NOT.
Corr
ectAnsweris. OR.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber. 4. I nanint
egrat
edcircuit
,thecomponent
saremount
ed.
Opti
onA. bymet alscr
ews.
Opti
onB. bymet aloxi
defil
m.
Opti
onC. bymeansofwi r
esconnect
ingthem.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. bymeansofwi r
esconnectingthem.
Expl
anati
[Link]
l
m ofalumini
um iscoatedov ertheoxi
defil
m ont
othesur
faceoft
heI
Ctomaket
heconduct
ors.
Questi
onNumber . 5. Anon- i
nvert
ingop-amp.
Opti
onA. hasani nvert
inginputandanon- inv
erti
ngoutput
.
Opti
onB. anon- inverti
nginputconnectiononly.
Opti
onC. hasanon- invert
inginputandani nv
erti
ngoutput
.
Corr
ectAnsweris. anon- i
nvert
inginputconnecti
ononly
.
Expl
anati
[Link].

QuestionNumber . 6. I nanoper ati

onalampli
fier
,thetwoinputwavesaret
hesameampl
itude,samefr
equency
,but
exactl
yanti-
[Link]?.
Opti
onA. Doubl e.
Opti
onB. Zer o.
Opti
onC. Hal f.
CorrectAnsweris. Doubl
e.
Explanati
[Link]
nputwavesar eanti
-phase,theinv
ert
erinputoft
heopampinv
ert
soneoft hei
nput
s,sothe
twowav esactuall
yaddtoeachother
.

Questi
onNumber. 7. I nthef
oll
owi
ngBool
eanal
gebr
ast
atement
,whi
chgat
eisdescr
ibed?
.F=A+B+C.
Opti
onA. And.
Opti
onB. Or .
Opti
onC. Not .
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. Or.
Expl
anati
on.A+B+Crepresent
sanORgate.

Questi
onNumber
. 8. "
Int
heBool
eanal
gebr
ast
atementbel
ow,
thegat
edescr
ibedi
s
F=A.B.C.
"
Opti
onA. Nand.
Opti
onB. And.
Opti
onC. Nor .
Corr
ectAnsweris. And.
Expl
anat
[Link]
esent
sanANDgat
e.

Questi
onNumber . 9. I nf
ini
tegai
n,i
nfi
nit
einputi
mpedanceandzerooutputimpedancei
schar
act
eri
sti
cofa.
Opti
onA. Cl assBamp.
Opti
onB. Cl assAamp.
Opti
onC. Opamp.
Corr
ectAnsweris. Opamp.
Expl
anati
on.i
mpedanceandzerooutputi
mpedancear echar
act
eri
sti
csoftheidealopamp.

Questi
onNumber. 10. Whati smeantbyabi st
ableci
rcui
t?.
Opti
onA. Theci rcuithas2st abl
estatesandwillst
ayinwhichonei ti
sput.
Opti
onB. Theci rcuithas1st abl
estateanditcanbenegat i
veorposit
ive.
Opti
onC. Theci rcuithas2st abl
estatesandwillst
ayinbothatthesamet ime.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. Thecircuithas2stablestat
esandwi l
lstayinwhichoneitisput
.
Expl
anati
[Link]
ablecircui
thas2stablestatesanditwil
lbeinonlyoneatat ime.

Questi
onNumber. 11. Whatdoest heoutputvol
tageofanop-ampdependupon?.
Opti
onA. Theopampbandwi dt
h.
Opti
onB. Thegai noftheop-amp.
Opti
onC. Ther esi
stor
sinthecircui
t.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. Theresist
orsinthecir
cui
t.
Expl
anati
[Link]-ampi scont
rol
ledbytheext
ernalr
esi
storci
rcui
t.

Questi
onNumber
. 12. Whatt
ypeofgat
eisanORgat
ewi
thbot
hinv
ert
edi
nput
sandi
nver
tedout
put
s?.
Opti
onA. NANDgat e.
Opti
onB. NORgat e.
Opti
onC. ANDgat e.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. ANDgat
e.
Expl
anat
[Link]
nver
ti
ngbot
hthei
nput
sandt
heout
putofanORgat
e.

Questi
onNumber . 13. Diodesconnect
edi
npar
all
elwoul
dactl
i
kean.
Opti
onA. anNANDgat e.
Opti
onB. anANDgat e.
Opti
onC. anORgat e.
Corr
ectAnsweris. anANDgate.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 14. Theout
putoft
heci
rcui
tshownwi
l
lbe.
Opti
onA. - 15V.
Opti
onB. 0V.
Opti
onC. +30V.
Corr
ectAnsweris. 0V.
Expl
anati
[Link].

1.
3b.I
ntegr
atedCi
rcui
ts.

Questi
onNumber . 1. Thevol
tagesuppl
ytoaCompl
i
ment
aryMet
alOxi
deSemi
conduct
or(
CMOS)i
ntegr
atedci
rcui
t
mustbe.
Opti
onA. 0Vi s5VDC.
Opti
onB. 3Vt o18VDC.
Opti
onC. 3Vt o15VAC.
Corr
ectAnsweris. 3Vt
o18VDC.
Expl
anati
[Link].
Quest
ionNumber
. 2. Thi
sisadi
agr
am ofa.

Opti
onA. di ffer
enti
ator.
Opti
onB. adder .
Opti
onC. i ntegrat
or.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. diff
erenti
ator
.
Expl
anat
[Link]
erenti
atorusesar
esi
stori
nthef
eedbackl
oopacr
osst
heopamp.

Quest
ionNumber
. 2. Thi
sisadi
agr
am ofa.

Opti
onA. adder .
Opti
onB. i ntegrat
or.
Opti
onC. di ffer
enti
ator.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. diff
erenti
ator
.
Expl
anat
[Link]
erenti
atorusesar
esi
stori
nthef
eedbackl
oopacr
osst
heopamp.
Quest
ionNumber
. 3. Thi
sisadi
agr
am ofa.

Opti
onA. i ntegrator.
Opti
onB. adder .
Opti
onC. di ffer
ent i
ator.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. integrator
.
Expl
anat
[Link]
tori
nthef
eedbackl
oopacr
osst
heopamp.

QuestionNumber . 4. Howar et hepinsnumberedonanop-ampI

C?.
Opti
onA. f r
om lefttorightfr
om thedot .
Opti
onB. count erclockwisefrom thedot.
Opti
onC. cl ockwi sefrom thedot.
CorrectAnsweris. counterclockwisefrom thedot
.
Explanati
[Link] Car ealway snumberedcounter
-cl
ockwi
sef
rom t
hedot
.Ai
rcr
aftEl
ect
ri
cit
yandEl
ect
roni
cs5t
h
Edit
ionEisminPage140.

Questi
onNumber. 5. Onani nt
egr
atedci
rcui
tthehol
eint
het
opl
eftcor
neri
spi
[Link]
nsar
ecount
ed.
Opti
onA. cl ockwise.
Opti
onB. f rom l
efttoright
.
Opti
onC. ant icl
ockwise.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. ant
icl
ockwi
se.
Expl
anat
[Link]
ecount
edant
i-
clockwi
[Link]
rcr
aftEl
ect
ri
cit
yandEl
ect
roni
cs5t
hEdi
ti
onEi
smi
nPage140.

QuestionNumber . 6. Asi ngleint

egratedcircui
tOpAmphashowmanypi ns?.
OptionA. 7.
OptionB. 8.
OptionC. 4.
CorrectAnsweris. 8.
Explanati
[Link]
ingandnon-invert
inginput,output
,posit
iveandnegati
vesupply
,twooff
setnul
lconnect
ions(
fora
potenti
ometer)plusonelegnotused=[Link] rcr
aftElect
ri
cit
yandElect
roni
cs5thEdi
ti
onEismi
nPage140.

Quest
ionNumber
. 7. Whati
stheout
putoft
heampl
i
fiershown?
.

Opti
onA. 5V.
Opti
onB. 3V.
Opti
onC. 0V.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. 5V.
Expl
anat
[Link]
caddingop-
amp.4+0+1=5.
Questi
onNumber. 8. Al ogiccircuitwithmorethanonegatewil
lhav
e.
Opti
onA. 2ormor eout puts.
Opti
onB. oneof2st atesofl ogicoutput.
Opti
onC. ananal ogueout put.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. oneof2st atesoflogicoutput
.
Expl
anati
[Link]
ccir
cuitoutputsar eeither0or1,regar
dlessoft
henumberofgat
esi
ntheci
rcui
t.

Questi
onNumber. 9. Component sonani nt
egr
atedcir
cui
tare.
Opti
onA. ont hesur
face.
Opti
onB. i nthesoli
d.
Opti
onC. don' tneedthem.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. onthesurf
ace.
Expl
anati
[Link]
egr
atedci
rcui
tar
eont hesur
faceoft
hesubst
rat
e.

QuestionNumber . 10. AVLSI Chas.

Opti
onA. mor ethan10,000gat es.
Opti
onB. l essthan1000gat es.
Opti
onC. mor ethan1000gat es.
CorrectAnsweris. morethan10, 000gat es.
Expl
anat i
[Link]. ht t
p:/
/[Link]
pedi a.
org/wi
ki/
Ver
y-l
arge-
scal
e_i
ntegr
ati
on,
htt
p://en.
wiki
pedia.
org/wi
ki/I
ntergrated_ci
rcui
t

Questi
onNumber. 11. Amoment aryi
nputatthereseti
nputofaf
li
pfl
opwi
l
l.
Opti
onA. r esett
hetrueoutputt
o0.
Opti
onB. cl ocki
nnewdat afrom t
hedatainputs.
Opti
onC. r esett
hetrueoutputt
o1.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. r
esett
hetr
ueout putt
o0.
Expl
anat
[Link]
ueonreset(R)i
s1,
thev
alueofQi
ssett
o0andv
icev
ersa.

Questi
onNumber. 12. Whi
chty
peoffl
ipfl
ophasonl
y1dat
ainput?
.
Opti
onA. JK.
Opti
onB. D.
Opti
onC. RS.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. D.
Expl
anati
[Link]
i
pFl
ophasonl
y1input(
besi
dest
hecl
ockinput
).

Questi
onNumber . 13. Wheny ouuseanopampasabuf feri
thas.
Opti
onA. l owinputimpedanceandhi ghoutputi
mpedance.
Opti
onB. hi ghinputimpedanceandl owout puti
mpedance.
Opti
onC. t hesamei nputanout putimpedance.
Corr
ectAnsweris. highinputi
mpedanceandl owoutputi
mpedance.
Expl
anati
[Link] scharacteri
sedbyitshighinputi
mpedanceandl
owout
puti
[Link]
rcr
aftEl
ect
ri
cit
yand
El
ectr
onics5t
hEditionEisminPage288.

Questi
onNumber . 14. Whati sr equir
edf ortheswi tchingofamonost abl
emulti
vi
brator
?.
Opti
onA. Onet r
iggerpulsetobot hswitchonandof f.
Opti
onB. Onet r
iggerpulsetoswi tchonandt wot r
iggerpul sestoswit
choff
.
Opti
onC. Onet r
iggerpulsetoswi tchonandanot hert oswi t
choff.
Corr
ectAnsweris. Onet r
iggerpulset obothswi tchonandof f.
Expl
anati
[Link] ablemul t
ivi
bratorscanr emai nonl yi nonest at
epermanent
[Link]
ernalt
ri
ggerpul
sei
s
appl
ied,t
heci
rcuitmov esfrom i
tspermanentst ablestatet hendropsbackaf
terashortwhi
le.

Quest
ionNumber
. 15. Anast
abl
emul
ti
vi
brat
ori
sa.
Opti
onA. onewhi chrequiresnoi nputwhatsoever.
Opti
onB. onewhi chrequiresani nputtoswit
chonandof f
.
Opti
onC. f r
eerunningvibrat
or.
Corr
ectAnsweris. f
reerunningvibrator.
Expl
anat
[Link] t
ivi
bratorfli
pson/offcont
inuousl
ypr
ovi
dingi
thasapowersuppl
y.

Questi
onNumber . 16. Opampsusewhatpowersuppl
y?.
Opti
onA. 26VAC.
Opti
onB. 5- 15VDC.
Opti
onC. 26VDC.
Corr
ectAnsweris. 5-15VDC.
Expl
anati
[Link]
aryf
rom op-
ampt
oop-
amp( manuf
act
urert
omanuf
act
urer
)butmostar
e+/
-5vt
o+/
-15v
.

Quest
ionNumber
. 17. Adev
icewhi
chhasahi
ghi
nputi
mpedance,l
owout
puti
mpedanceandhi
ghv
olt
agegai
nisa.

Opti
onA. Op- Amp.
Opti
onB. Cl assAamp.
Opti
onC. Cl assBamp.
Corr
ectAnsweris. Op-Amp.
Expl
anat
[Link]
ini
ti
onofanOp-
Amp.

Questi
onNumber . 18. I nani ntegratedcircuit
,thecomponentsaremount
edby.
Opti
onA. at hr eedi
mensional processwi t
hnoconnect i
onsbetweent
hem r
equi
red.
Opti
onB. wi resconnecti
ngthem usi ngconformal coati
ng.
Opti
onC. met aloxi
defi
lm etchedont othesurface.
Corr
ectAnsweris. metaloxi
def il
m et chedont othesurface.
Expl
anati
[Link] ecl osetot het rut
h.c)isprobabl
ythecl
osest
.Aircr
aftEl
ect
ri
cit
yandEl
ect
roni
cs5t
h
Edi
ti
onEi
smi
nPage138.

Questi
onNumber. 19. I nani nt
egratedcir
cuit
,thecomponent
sar
einser
ted.
Opti
onA. aut omaticall
y.
Opti
onB. bydopi ngi nsuccessi
velayers.
Opti
onC. manual l
y.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. bydopinginsuccessivelayer
s.
Expl
anati
[Link]
egratedcircui
tisproducedbymaski nganddopi
ngeachPandNcomponentsuccessi
vel
[Link]
rcr
aft
El
ectr
ici
tyandEl
ect
ronics5thEditi
onEisminPage121.

QuestionNumber. 20. I nanel ectr

oniccircui
twithanoperati
onalampli
fi
erconnect
edinthepush-
pul
lconfi
gur
ati
on,
thecircui
t.
Opti
onA. ut i
l
izesbot hsidesoft heinputsignal
.
Opti
onB. decr easesimpedance.
Opti
onC. bl ockshal fofthei nputsi
gnal .
CorrectAnsweri
s. ut i
l
izesbot hsidesoft heinputsi
gnal.
Explanati
[Link]
ngt heposi t
iveporti
onoft heACi nputsi
gnal
,theNPNfol
lowerdri
vestheout
put,
andduri
ngthenegat
ive
half
,thePNPdr i
vestheout put.

Questi
onNumber. 21. Pi n3onanop- amphasa+sy mbol
.Thi
sdesi
gnat
es.
Opti
onA. posi ti
veinputDCpi n.
Opti
onB. non- inver
ti
nginput.
Opti
onC. posi ti
veoffsetnull
.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. non-i
nverti
nginput.
Expl
anati
on.741Op-Amp( forexample)ist
henon-
inv
ert
ingi
nput.

Quest
ionNumber
. 22. Thesemi
conduct
orsubst
rat
eusedi
n'chi
ps'
ismostcommonl
y.
Opti
onA. si li
con.
Opti
onB. phi i
dide.
Opti
onC. ger manium.
Corr
ectAnsweris. si
li
con.
Expl
anat
[Link]
i
coni smostcommonl
yused.

Questi
onNumber . 23. Ani ntegrat
edcircuitismanuf actur
edby .
Opti
onA. dopi ngimpur i
ti
esintolayer
sofi ntri
nsicmat eri
al.
Opti
onB. et chi
ngcoppert racksontoani nsulati
ngboar d.
Opti
onC. comput erhardware,whichusei ndivi
dual circui
tsonr i
bbon.
Corr
ectAnsweris. dopingimpur i
ti
esint
ol ayersofi ntr
insicmat eri
al.
Expl
anati
[Link]
aftInstr
ument sandIntegratedSy stemsPal l
ettPage149/
150.

QuestionNumber . 24. Amonost ablev i

brat
or.
Opti
onA. i sswit
chedonbyat ri
ggerpulsethenwithinapr e-
settimewillevent
ual
l
yr etur
ntoitsori
ginalstate.
Opti
onB. usesat r
iggerpulset otur
nonandt hesamepul setot urnoff
.
Opti
onC. usesonepul setot urnonandanot hertoturnoff.
Corr
ectAnsweri s. i
sswi t
chedonbyat r
iggerpulsethenwi t
hinapr e-
setti
mewi l
lev
ent ual
lyr
eturntoitsori
ginalst
ate.
Expl
anat i
[Link] ablevibratorisswitchedonbyat r
iggerpulsethenwi t
hinapr
e-settimewilleventual
l
yr et
urntoit
s
ori
ginalstat
e.

Questi
onNumber . 25. Thenegat
ivef
eedbackf
oranop-
ampi
ntegr
atori
sconnect
edacr
ossa.
Opti
onA. r esist
or.
Opti
onB. i nduct or.
Opti
onC. capaci tor.
Corr
ectAnsweris. capaci
tor
.
Expl
anati
[Link].
QuestionNumber . 26. Thei nputresi
stancet
oani nv
ert
ingop-
[Link] eedbackr
esi
stancei
s100
ki
[Link] stheampl i
fi
ergain?.
Opti
onA. 1000.
Opti
onB. 1/ 1000.
Opti
onC. - 1000.
CorrectAnsweris. -1000.
Explanati
[Link]=Feedback/ i
nputresi
stance=100,
000/
100=1000(mi
nusbecausei
tisi
nverti
ng).

Questi
onNumber. 27. I nani ntegr atedci r
cuit
,acti
ve,passi
veandconnect
ingcomponent
sar
e.
Opti
onA. connect edbyfinegol dwi r
es.
Opti
onB. mount edontheout sideoft hesol i
dblock.
Opti
onC. embeddedwi thinthesol idbl ock.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. embeddedwi t
hi nthesol idblock.
Expl
anati
[Link]
erm' int
egr atedci rcui
t'
.

[Link]
int
edCi
rcui
tBoar
ds.

QuestionNumber . 1. Whencompar edt

oasy
stem t
hati
sconst
ruct
edononeboar
d,amodul
arsy
stem usi
ngPr
int
ed
Cir
cuitBoards(PCBs)is.
Opti
onA. har dertofaultfi
nd.
Opti
onB. mor eexpensiveforspares.
Opti
onC. easi ertofaultfi
nd.
CorrectAnsweris. easiertofaul
tfi
nd.
Expl
anat i
[Link].

Quest
ionNumber
. 2. APr
int
edCi
rcui
tBoar
d(PCS)i
sconst
ruct
edofapl
ast
icl
ami
nat
ewhi
chhasbondedt
ooneor
bot
hsides.
Opti
onA. at hinsheetofcopper.
Opti
onB. v ari
ousthicknessesofcopper
.
Opti
onC. at hicksheetofcopper.
Corr
ectAnsweris. athinsheetofcopper
.
Expl
anat
[Link].

Questi
onNumber. 3. Howi saPCBpr otect
edaftermanufact
ure?.
Opti
onA. Byconf ormal coat
ing.
Opti
onB. Wi thnon-conducti
vevarni
sh.
Opti
onC. Wi thwax.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. Byconf ormalcoati
ng.
Expl
anati
[Link]
houghv arnishi
sof t
enusedonPCBs,' conf
ormalcoat
ing'i
sthenameoft
hepr
ocessusual
l
yappl
i
edt
o
ai
rcr
[Link]
craftElect
ri
cit
yandElectr
onics5thEdit
ionEi
sminPage120.

Questi
onNumber. 4. Amul t
i-
lay
erPCBhas.
Opti
onA. t woormorelayer
sononeorbot hsi
des.
Opti
onB. onel ay
eroneit
herside.
Opti
onC. t woormorelayer
sconnectedi
nseri
es.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. twoormorelayersononeorbothsi
des.
Expl
anati
[Link]/ 1-
1Para15.

Questi
onNumber . 5. Whenr emovingami cropr
ocessor .
Opti
onA. ensur ethepowerisOFFt oavoidstati
cdischarge.
Opti
onB. nodamagei sdonebystat
icdischarge.
Opti
onC. consi derabl
edamagecanbedonebyst at
icdischar
ge.
Corr
ectAnsweris. consi
derabl
edamagecanbedonebyst at
icdi
schar
ge.
Expl
anati
[Link].
Quest
ionNumber
. 6. OnaPCB,
adecoupl
i
ngcapaci
tori
susedt
ogetr
idoft
ransi
entcur
rent
sbet
weenwhi
chpoi
nts?
.

Opti
onA. Theel ectroni
ccircuitandt heai
rcraftground.
Opti
onB. Thenegat i
verailandt herestofthecircuit
.
Opti
onC. I nt
erspacedalongt heci r
cuit
.
Corr
ectAnsweris. I
nterspacedal ongthecircuit
.
Expl
anat
[Link] i
ngcapaci tordecouplestheACsi gnal
from t
heDCqui
escentcur
rent
.

Questi
onNumber. 7. Adecoupl ingcapacit
orinaPCBi
susedt
o.
Opti
onA. mi ni
misetransi
entcur
rents.
Opti
onB. passDConl y
.
Opti
onC. passAConl y
.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. passAConl y
.
Expl
anati
[Link]
ngcapacit
ordecouplestheACfr
om t
heDCi
nasi
gnal
,andbl
ockst
heDC.

Questi
onNumber . 8. Whati sthebasemat
eri
alofaPCB?.
Opti
onA. I nsul
ator
.
Opti
onB. Semi conductor.
Opti
onC. Conduct or.
Corr
ectAnsweris. I
nsul
at or.
Expl
anati
[Link]
ator
.Aircraf
tEl
ect
ri
cit
yandEl
ect
roni
cs5thEdi
ti
onEi
smi
nPage122.

Questi
onNumber . 9. I napr i
ntedcir
cuitboard,t
hesur faceresi
stancetest
ingi
s.
Opti
onA. i nsulati
onr esi
stancebet weenadjacentprint
edconductor.
Opti
onB. t heresist
ancebet weent hetowinductor
s.
Opti
onC. bet weent heboardandt heconduct or
.
Corr
ectAnsweris. i
nsulati
onr esi
stancebetweenadj acentpri
ntedconductor.
Expl
anat
[Link]
PsMMC/
1-1par
a4.
1.7.

Questi
onNumber . 10. Whatar eprint
edcircuitboardsmadeof ?
.
Opti
onA. Fi br egl
assboardcoat
edwi t
hcopperi nwhi chci
rcui
tsareet
ched.
Opti
onB. Sy ntheti
cresi
nboardetchedwithcopper .
Opti
onC. Mat ri
xboardwit
hcomponent ssolderedon.
Corr
ectAnsweris. Fibr
egl
assboardcoatedwi t
hcopperi nwhichci
rcui
tsareet
ched.
Expl
anati
[Link].

[Link]
vomechani
sms.

Questi
onNumber . 1. Theout putofatachogener
atori
s.
Opti
onA. pr oport
ionalt
ospeedofrotat
ion.
Opti
onB. pr oport
ionalt
oposit
ion.
Opti
onC. pr oport
ionalt
oacceler
ati
on.
Corr
ectAnsweris. propor
ti
onalt
ospeedofr ot
ati
on.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 2. ACpowert oasy nchr
osy st
em i
ssuppli
edto.
Opti
onA. t or
quet ransmit
teronly.
Opti
onB. bot hthet or
quereceiverandtorquetr
ansmit
ter.
Opti
onC. t or
quer eceiv
eronly.
Corr
ectAnsweris. boththetorquerecei
verandtorquetr
ansmit
ter.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber
. 3. Adiffer
ent
ial
synchro.
Opti
onA. canbeusedasei
therat
ransmit
terorar
ecei
ver
.
Opti
onB. canonl ybeusedasar eceiver
.
Opti
onC. canonl ybeusedasat ransmitt
er.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. canbeusedaseitheratransmi
tterorarecei
ver
.
Expl
anat
[Link]
tt
er ,
theTDRi sareceiv
er.

Questi
onNumber . 4. Ar esol
verhas.
Opti
onA. 3coi lsontherot
orand2coi l
sonthest
ator.
Opti
onB. 2coi lsontherot
orand3coi l
sonthest
ator.
Opti
onC. 2coi lsontherot
orand2coi l
sonthest
ator.
Corr
ectAnsweris. 2coil
sontherotorand2coil
sonthestat
or.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 5. The' null
'poi
ntonacont
rol
synchr
oiswhent
het
wor
otor
sar
e.
Opti
onA. wi redinseri
es.
Opti
onB. at90°t oeachot her
.
Opti
onC. par al
lelt
oeachot her
.
Corr
ectAnsweris. at90°toeachother
.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 6. Ther ot
orofadesy
nni
ndi
cat
ori
s.
Opti
onA. anel ectr
omagnet
.
Opti
onB. aper manentmagnet
.
Opti
onC. anACmagnet .
Corr
ectAnsweris. aper
manentmagnet
.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Quest
ionNumber
. 7. Theposi
ti
onf
eedbackf
rom apot
ent
iomet
eri
s.
Opti
onA. ant i-
phase.
Opti
onB. i nphase.
Opti
onC. 90degr eesoutofphase.
Corr
ectAnsweris. anti
-phase.
Expl
anat
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 8. Adi ff
erenti
alsynchr
ohas.
Opti
onA. si nglephasestator,2phaserotor
.
Opti
onB. 3phasest ator,
3phaser otor
.
Opti
onC. 3phasest ator,
singlephaserotor
.
Corr
ectAnsweris. 3phasestator,
3phaser ot
or.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 9. Whenaser vomot
orhasst
opped,
ther
atef
eedbackf
rom at
achogener
atori
s.
Opti
onA. maxi mum andi
nphase.
Opti
onB. maxi mum andant
i-
phase.
Opti
onC. zer o.
Corr
ectAnsweris. zer
o.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 10. At achogener
atori
susual
l
yusedf
or.
Opti
onA. angul arfeedback.
Opti
onB. r at
ef eedback.
Opti
onC. posi t
ionfeedback.
Corr
ectAnsweris. ratefeedback.
Expl
anati
[Link].
Questi
onNumber . 11. Di f
ferenti
alsy
nchroshave.
Opti
onA. at ransmitterandar ecei
ver.
Opti
onB. at ransmitteronl
y.
Opti
onC. ar eceiveronly.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. at ransmitt
erandar eceiv
er.
Expl
anati
[Link] l
ettAir
craftInst
rumentsandInt
egrat
edSy
stemspg135.

Questi
onNumber . 12. I natorquesy nchr
osy stem, t
hepowersupplyisconnectedto.
Opti
onA. t her otorwindingsofbot hthetr
ansmi tterandrecei
ver
.
Opti
onB. t hest atorwindingsoft het
ransmitter
.
Opti
onC. t her otorwindingsoft hetr
ansmitteronly.
Corr
ectAnsweris. t herotorwindingsofboththet ransmitt
erandrecei
ver.
Expl
anati
[Link]
tInstr
ument sandI [Link] rcr
aftElect
ri
cit
yandEl
ect
roni
cs5t
hEdi
ti
on
Ei
sminPage185/ 6.

Questi
onNumber . 13. Tor educeovershooterrorsi
nasy nchr
o.
Opti
onA. t hegainoftheampl i
fieri
sincreased.
Opti
onB. t hesystem wil
lhavev el
ocit
yfeedback.
Opti
onC. t hesystem wil
lhavepositi
onf eedback.
Corr
ectAnsweris. thesyst
em wi l
lhavevelocit
yfeedback.
Expl
anati
[Link]
tyfeedbackisusedt oreduceov er
shootandosci
ll
ati
ons.

Questi
onNumber. 14. Asy nchrot r
ansformerisusedto.
Opti
onA. addt heoutputoftwosy nchrotransmit
ter
s.
Opti
onB. der iveanerrorvol
tagef r
om asy nchrot
ransmit
tersi
gnalandashaftposi
ti
on.
Opti
onC. obt aina26v oltACreference.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. deri
veaner r
orv ol
tagefrom asynchrotr
ansmitt
ersignal
andashaftposi
ti
on.
Expl
anati
[Link]
let
tAutomat i
cFli
ghtCont r
ol pg135.
Questi
onNumber . 15. Rev ersal ofthecompletepowert
oator
quesynchr
osystem wi
ll
.
Opti
onA. di splacether ecei
v errotorby180o.
Opti
onB. causer everser ot
at i
onoft herecei
verrot
or.
Opti
onC. hav enoef f
ect .
Corr
ectAnsweris. havenoef fect.
Expl
anati
[Link] otorsar esuppl i
edwitht hesameAC,r
ever
singtheconnecti
onst
obot
hwi
l
lhav
enoef
fect
.

Questi
onNumber. 16. Thepowersupplytoat
orquesynchr
osyst
em i
s.
Opti
onA. ACorDC.
Opti
onB. AC.
Opti
onC. DC.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. AC.
Expl
anati
[Link]
ettAi
rcr
aftI
nst
rument
sandI
ntegr
atedSyst
emspg135.

Questi
onNumber. 17. Anopenl oopsystem i
sonewhi
chhas.
Opti
onA. nodi rectfeedbackl oop.
Opti
onB. r at
efeedbackl oop.
Opti
onC. posi t
ionfeedbackonl y.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. nodi rectfeedbackl oop.
Expl
anati
[Link] oophasnof eedback.

Questi
onNumber. 18. Mechani cal
fri
cti
oni
naser
vor
esul
tsi
n.
Opti
onA. i ncr
easedinert
ia.
Opti
onB. i ncr
easeddampi ng.
Opti
onC. r educedgain.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. incr
easeddampi
ng.
Expl
anat
[Link]
cti
ondevicesar
esomet
imesusedt
oincr
easedampi
ngandt
husdecr
easeosci
l
lat
ions.

Questi
onNumber. 19. Theposi ti
onfeedbacksi gnali
s.
Opti
onA. phaseadv ancedby90°wi threspecttot hei
nputsignal
.
Opti
onB. i nphasewi ththeinputdemandsi gnal
.
Opti
onC. i nanti
-phasewi t
ht hedemandsi gnal
.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. i
nant i
-phasewiththedemandsi gnal
.
Expl
anati
[Link]
ivefeedbackmustbei nant i
-phaseifi
tistoopposet
hedemandi
nput
.

Questi
onNumber . 20. Aser vosyst
em t
hatover
shoot
sandosci
l
lat
esi
s.
Opti
onA. underdamped.
Opti
onB. ov erdamped.
Opti
onC. cr i
ticall
ydamped.
Corr
ectAnsweris. underdamped.
Expl
anati
[Link] l
l
ationsar
ecausedbyanunder
dampedsyst
em.

Questi
onNumber . 21. Thepowersuppl ytoat orquesynchr
osyst
em i
sconnect
edt
o.
Opti
onA. t hetransmitterrotoronly.
Opti
onB. t hetransmitterstator.
Opti
onC. t hetransmitterandr ecei
verrotors.
Corr
ectAnsweris. thetransmi tt
erandr ecei
verrotors.
Expl
anati
[Link] l
ettAircr
af t|
Instr
ument sandIntegrat
edSystemspg135.

Questi
onNumber
. 22. I nat or
oidal
resi
stancet
ransmi
tt
eri
ndi
cat
orsy
stem,
thepowersuppl
yisconnect
edt
o.
Opti
onA. t heresist
orsl
ab.
Opti
onB. t herotor.
Opti
onC. t hebrushes.
Corr
ectAnsweris. thebrushes.
Expl
anat
[Link]
esistancei
ndi
cat
ori
sbet
terknownasaDesy
nni
ndi
cat
or.

Questi
onNumber. 23. Whenaser vohasreachedit
snull
andst
opped,
thev
eloci
tyf
eedbacki
s.
Opti
onA. maxi mum andanti
-phase.
Opti
onB. maxi mum andinphase.
Opti
onC. zer o.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. zer
o.
Expl
anati
[Link]
ocit
yfeedbackwil
lstopwhentheloadisatr
est
.

Questi
onNumber . 24. Thepr imar ypurposeofr
atef
eedbackinaposi
ti
onalser
vosy
stem i
sto.
Opti
onA. ensur esy st
em linearit
y.
Opti
onB. pr eventexcessiveov ershoot.
Opti
onC. ensur emi nimum r esponset i
me.
Corr
ectAnsweris. preventexcessiv eovershoot
.
Expl
anati
[Link] stopr eventexcessi
veover
shootandosci
ll
ati
on.

Questi
onNumber. 25. I nanACr ateservo,asteadyinputwi
llr
esul
tintheservomotor
.
Opti
onA. r ot
ati
ngtoanewdat um positi
on.
Opti
onB. r ot
ati
ngataconstantspeed.
Opti
onC. osci ll
ati
ngaboutanewdat um.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. rotat
ingataconstantspeed.
Expl
anati
[Link] ateserv
oisdesignedtorotat
eal oad(suchasaradardish)ataconst
antspeedcont
inual
l
y.

Quest
ionNumber
. 26. I
nat
orquesy
nchr
othati
ncl
udesadi
ff
erent
ialsy
nchr
othepowersuppl
yisconnect
edt
o.
Opti
onA. al lt
hreerotors.
Opti
onB. t hetransmitterandreceiv
errotorsonly.
Opti
onC. t hetransmitterrot
oronly.
Corr
ectAnsweris. thetransmitt
erandr eceiv
errotorsonl
y.
Expl
anat
[Link] l
ettAircr
aftInst
rument sandIntegr
atedSy
stemspg135.

Questi
onNumber. 27. Adi f
ferent
ial
synchr
orot
orhas.
Opti
onA. t hr
eewindings.
Opti
onB. t wowindi
ngs.
Opti
onC. onewi ndi
ng.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. thr
eewi ndi
ngs.
Expl
anati
[Link]
ettAir
craf
tInstr
umentsandI
ntegr
atedSy
stemspg135.

Questi
onNumber. 28. I naresol
versynchr
ot hestat
orwi
ndi
ngsar
eelect
ri
cal
l
ydi
spl
acedby
.
Opti
onA. 90° .
Opti
onB. 180° .
Opti
onC. 120° .
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. 90°.
Expl
anati
[Link]
let
tAir
craf
tInst
rumentsandIntegrat
edSyst
emspg135.

Questi
onNumber. 29. Ar esolv
ersynchr
ooutputi
sobtai
nedf
rom ar
otorwi
th.
Opti
onA. t wocoilsat90°.
Opti
onB. onesi nglecoi
l.
Opti
onC. t hr
eecoi l
sat120° .
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. twocoi l
sat90° .
Expl
anati
[Link]
ettAir
craf
tInstrument
sandI nt
egr
atedSy
stemspg135.
Questi
onNumber. 30. I naspeedcont rolservosyst
em (
rat
econtr
ol)
,thepur
poseoft
het
achogener
atori
s.
Opti
onA. t omaket hevelocityproport
ionaltoservodemand.
Opti
onB. t omaket hedeflectionproporti
onaltoserv
odemand.
Opti
onC. t omakeitrunatconst antspeed.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. tomakei trunatconst antspeed.
Expl
anati
[Link] stomaket heloadrunataconst
antspeed.

Questi
onNumber. 31. Ther otorofatorquesy nchroindi
cat
oris.
Opti
onA. suppl i
edwi t
hanexcitati
onvoltage.
Opti
onB. connect edinseri
eswi t
hthetransmitterstat
orcoi
l
.
Opti
onC. shor tcir
cuit
ed.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. suppli
edwit
hanexci t
ationvolt
age.
Expl
anati
[Link]
tati
onvol
tageisthatnecessar ytomagneti
sether
otor
.

Questi
onNumber . 32. Toi ncreasetheout putofaservoamplif
ier
,iti
snecessaryt
o.
Opti
onA. r educet hetachof eedback.
Opti
onB. i ncr easetheposi t
ionfeedback.
Opti
onC. i ncr easethetachof eedback.
Corr
ectAnsweris. reducet hetachof eedback.
Expl
anati
[Link] atorfeedbackopposest heer
rorsignal
andthusr educesampl
if
ierout
put
.

Questi
onNumber . 33. Angul
ardi
spl
acementoft
hecont
rolcoi
l
swi
thr
espectt
other
efer
encecoi
l
sinat
wophase
i
nducti
onmotorare.
Opti
onA. 90° ,270°.
Opti
onB. 0° ,180°.
Opti
onC. 90° ,120°.
Corr
ectAnsweris. 90°,
270°
.
Expl
anati
[Link].
Questi
onNumber. 34. Aser vomot orhavingonl yatachogeneratorasaf
eedbackdev
icewi
l
l.
Opti
onA. v ar
yit
sspeedwithinputerrorvoltage.
Opti
onB. nul loutataposi
ti
ondependantuponi nputerrorvol
tage.
Opti
onC. hav eaconst
antspeedf oranygi v
eni nputvoltage.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. haveaconstantspeedf oranygi veninputvolt
age.
Expl
anati
[Link]
honlyatachofeedbacki ti
sar ateser v
o.

Questi
onNumber . 35. Thenul lposi
ti
onofat or
quesynchrosyst
em i
swhen.
Opti
onA. t heTXandTRr ot
orsareparal
leltoeachother.
Opti
onB. t heTXandTRr ot
orsare90°toeachot her.
Opti
onC. t heTXandTRr ot
orsare120°toeachot her.
Corr
ectAnsweris. theTXandTRr otor
sarepar all
elt
oeachother.
Expl
anati
[Link] ot
orsmustbepar all
eltobeatthenullposi
ti
on.

Questi
onNumber . 36. AnACt achogener
atorst
atorhas.
Opti
onA. t wowindings180°apart.
Opti
onB. t hr
eewi ndi
ngs120°apart.
Opti
onC. t wowindings90°apart.
Corr
ectAnsweris. twowindi
ngs90°apart.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber. 37. Whent herotorofanACt
achogener
atori
sst
ati
onar
y,t
her
otorhas.
Opti
onA. nomagnet i
cfiel
ds.
Opti
onB. noci r
culati
ngcurrents.
Opti
onC. l owcirculat
ingcurrents.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. lowcircul
atingcurrent
s.
Expl
anati
on.A smal
lamountofr
esi
dualv
olt
ageexi
stsont
heout
putwi
ndi
ngofanAC t
achogener
atorwheni
tis
stat
ionar
y.

Questi
onNumber. 38. Acl osedloopservomechanism.
Opti
onA. mustonl yhav eposi
ti
onfeedback.
Opti
onB. musthav ebot hposit
ionandveloci
tyfeedback.
Opti
onC. canhav eeitherposi
ti
onorv el
ocit
yfeedback.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. canhav eeit
herposit
ionorveloci
tyfeedback.
Expl
anati
[Link] canhaveeitherposi
ti
onf
eedbackorv
eloci
tyf
eedbackorbot
h.

Questi
onNumber . 39. I nacont rolsynchrosy st
em thepowersuppl
yisconnect
edt
othe.
Opti
onA. t ransmit
terandr ecei
v errotors.
Opti
onB. t ransmit
terrotorandampl if
ier.
Opti
onC. r eceiv
errotorandampl if
ier.
Corr
ectAnsweris. tr
ansmi tt
errotorandampl if
ier.
Expl
anati
[Link]
tAir
craftInstr
ument sandI nt
egratedSyst
emspg141.

Questi
onNumber . 40. Vel oci
tyfeedback.
Opti
onA. opposest hedemandinput .
Opti
onB. assi st
st hedemandi nput.
Opti
onC. pr eventsdeadspaceer rors.
Corr
ectAnsweris. opposest hedemandi nput.
Expl
anati
[Link]
yf eedbackisanti
-phaset othedemandi
nputandopposesi
t.

Questi
onNumber
. 41. Ani ncr
easeinv
elocit
yfeedbackwi
l
l.
Opti
onA. decreasethespeedt hel
oadmov es.
Opti
onB. hav enoef
f ectonspeed.
Opti
onC. i ncreasethespeedtheloadmoves.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. decreasethespeedthel
oadmoves.
Expl
anat
[Link]
ocityf
eedbackopposesdemandinputt
her
efor
eitr
educest
hewspeedt
hel
oadmov
es.

Questi
onNumber . 42. Rat efeedbackcanbeobtai
nedf
rom a.
Opti
onA. t achogenerator.
Opti
onB. sy nchro.
Opti
onC. pot enti
omet er.
Corr
ectAnsweris. tachogenerator
.
Expl
anati
[Link] achogeneratorpr
oducesratef
eedback.

Questi
onNumber . 43. Posi t
ional
feedbackcanbeobtainedf
rom a.
Opti
onA. sy nchro.
Opti
onB. pot enti
omet er.
Opti
onC. t achogenerator.
Corr
ectAnsweris. potenti
ometer.
Expl
anati
[Link] ent
iomet erpr
oducespositi
onal
feedback.

QuestionNumber . 44. The' null

'poi
ntinacont r
olsy
nchr
oiswhenthet
worot
orsare.
OptionA. at90°t oeachot her.
OptionB. wi redinseri
es.
OptionC. par al
lelt
oeachot her.
CorrectAnsweris. at90°toeachother.
Explanati
[Link] rolsynchrothenullposit
ioniswhentherot
orsare90degreestoeachot
her(
unl
i
keat
orque
synchrowheretheymustbepar al
l
eltoeachother).

Quest
ionNumber
. 45. I
nacont
rol
synchr
othest
atorcur
rentceasest
ofl
owwhent
he.
Opti
onA. CTr otori
satnull.
Opti
onB. poweri sremoved.
Opti
onC. t wor otor
sarealigned.
Corr
ectAnsweris. powerisremov ed.
Expl
anati
[Link] acont rolsynchro cur
rentf
lowsi
nthest
atorl
i
nesatal
lti
mes,r
egar
dlessoft
heposi
ti
on oft
he
tr
ansfor
merrotor.

QuestionNumber . 46. I nar ateser vo(speedcont r

ol)thesi
gnali
ntotheser
voamplifi
eris.
OptionA. i nputvol
tageplusposi tionfeedbackvoltage.
OptionB. i nputvol
tageplust achogener at
oroutput.
OptionC. i nputvol
tagemi nust achogeneratoroutput.
CorrectAnsweris. i
nputvoltagemi nustachogeneratoroutput
.
Explanati
[Link] ateserv
ot heinputv olt
agemakest heloadrot
ateandthetachogeneratorout
put(
whi
chi
snegat
ive
feedback)prevent
sitrot
ati
ngt oof ast.

Questi
onNumber . 47. Tor educeoscill
ati
onsaboutademandposi t
ion.
Opti
onA. t heamountofv eloci
tyfeedbackwoul dbeincr
eased.
Opti
onB. t heamountofv eloci
tyfeedbackwoul dbedecreased.
Opti
onC. t heamountofposi ti
onfeedbackwoul dbeincreased.
Corr
ectAnsweris. theamountofv eloci
tyfeedbackwouldbei ncr
eased.
Expl
anati
[Link]
oci t
yfeedbackisi ncr
eased,thereismor eoppositi
ontothedemandsi
gnalandt
hel
oadwi
l
lmov
e
sl
owerandoscil
lati
onswillbereduced.

Questi
onNumber. 48. Posi ti
vefeedbackappl i
edtoaser
vomechani
sm.
Opti
onA. i ncreasesther esponseoft hesystem.
Opti
onB. opposest hedemandsi gnal
.
Opti
onC. decr easesther esponseoft hesystem.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. increasest heresponseoft hesyst
em.
Expl
anat
[Link]
ti
vef
eedbackwi
l
laddt
othei
nputoft
heampl
i
fierandi
ncr
easet
her
esponseoft
hesy
stem.

Questi
onNumber. 49. Adi ffer
enti
alsynchrorotorconsistsof
.
Opti
onA. t wowi ndi
ngsat90°apart.
Opti
onB. onewi ndi
ngparall
eltot
het r
ansmit t
errotor
.
Opti
onC. t hr
eewi ndi
ngsat120°apart.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. t hr
eewindingsat120°apart.
Expl
anati
[Link]
ettAir
craf
tInstr
umentsandI ntegrat
edSy stemspg143.

Questi
onNumber . 50. Adi f
ferenti
alsynchrot r
ansmitterusedforaddi
ti
onhas.
Opti
onA. t heTDXS1andS3connect ionscrossconnect edt ot
heTX.
Opti
onB. t heTDXS1andS3connect ionscrossconnect edt ot
heTR.
Opti
onC. t heTDXR1, R3andS1, S3connect i
onscr ossconnectedtotheTX.
Corr
ectAnsweris. theTDXR1, R3andS1, S3connect i
onscr ossconnect
edtotheTX.
Expl
anati
[Link] ertadiff
erenti
alsynchrof rom subtracti
ontoadditi
onyoumustswapt
wooft
hest
atorl
eadsAND
swaptwoofther ot
orl eadsatthediffer
ential
transmitt
er .

Questi
onNumber . 51. Di f
ferenti
alt
ransmitt
ersareusedt o.
Opti
onA. addorsubt ractt
woel ectr
icalsi
gnal
s.
Opti
onB. addorsubt ractamechani cal
signalt
oanel ectri
calsynchr
osi gnal.
Opti
onC. i ncreaset heoperatingspeedofthesynchroreceiver.
Corr
ectAnsweris. addorsubt r
actamechani calsi
gnaltoanel ect
rical
sy nchrosignal.
Expl
[Link]
alsynchroisusedt oaddorsubt ractamechani calsignalfrom anel
ect
ri
calsi
gnalder
ivedf
rom
thesynchrotr
ansmi t
ter.

Questi
onNumber
. 52. Whenr
esolvi
ngaCar
tesi
ani
nputt
oaPol
arout
put
.
Opti
onA. t heout
put
sar
etwovol
tages.
Opti
onB. t heinputsareashaftangl
eandav ol
tage.
Opti
onC. t heinputsaretwovolt
ages.
Corr
ectAnsweris. thei
nputsaretwov ol
tages.
Expl
anati
[Link]
ani nput
saret heX andY coor di
nat
esandar
erepr
esent
edbyt
wov
olt
[Link]
put
sar
e
repr
esent
edbyav olt
ageandanangul arposit
ion.

Questi
onNumber. 53. Ar esolv
ersynchroout
puti
sobtai
nedfrom arot
orwi
th.
Opti
onA. onesi nglecoil
.
Opti
onB. t wocoil
sat90°t oeachot her
.
Opti
onC. t hr
eecoi l
sat120°t oeachother.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. twocoi l
sat90°t oeachother
.
Expl
anati
[Link] l
sat90degr
eestoeachother.

Questi
onNumber . 54. Theout putofar esolversynchrois.
Opti
onA. dependantupont hepositi
onoft her ot
oronl y.
Opti
onB. pr oport
ionaltothespeedofi nputrotati
on.
Opti
onC. af unctionoftherotorpositi
onandexci tationvol
tage.
Corr
ectAnsweris. afuncti
onoft herot
orposi t
ionandexci tati
onvolt
age.
Expl
anati
[Link] putofaresolversynchroisangul arposit
ionandavol
taget
orepr
esentt
hedi
stance.

Questi
onNumber. 55. Ther otorofanautosynposi
ti
onindi
cat
ingsyst
em i
s.
Opti
onA. aper manentmagnet.
Opti
onB. spr ingcontrol
l
ed.
Opti
onC. anel ectr
omagnet.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. anelectr
omagnet.
Expl
anati
[Link]
osynposit
ionindi
cat
ingsyst
em i
sanelect
romagnet
.
Questi
onNumber. 56. Ther otorofamagnesyntr
ansmit
teris.
Opti
onA. aper manentmagnet .
Opti
onB. anacel ectr
omagnet .
Opti
onC. adcel ectr
omagnet .
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. aper manentmagnet.
Expl
anati
[Link] ntr
ansmi
tter(
andrecei
ver)isaper
manentmagnet
.

Questi
onNumber . 57. Tor quesynchrosyst
emsarenormallyusedwhent
he.
Opti
onA. sy stem accuracyisofextr
emei mpor
tance.
Opti
onB. mechani call
oadi shi
gh.
Opti
onC. mechani call
oadi sl
ow.
Corr
ectAnsweris. mechani call
oadislow.
Expl
anati
[Link] nchrosareusedf ori
ndi
cat
iononl
y,i
.[Link]
oadi
slow.

Questi
onNumber. 58. I naresol
versy
nchrot
hestat
orwindingsar
eel
ect
ri
cal
l
ydi
sposedby
.
Opti
onA. 90° .
Opti
onB. 120° .
Opti
onC. 180° .
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. 90°.
Expl
anati
[Link]
ersynchr
ohasthewindi
ngs90degreesapart
.

Questi
onNumber . 59. Tor quesynchrosyst
emsarenormall
yusedwhent
he.
Opti
onA. sy stem accuracyisofextr
emei mpor
tance.
Opti
onB. mechani call
oadi shi
gh.
Opti
onC. mechani call
oadi sl
ow.
Corr
ectAnsweris. mechani call
oadislow.
Expl
anati
[Link] quesynchroisonlyusedfori
ndi
cati
on-i.
e.t
heloadi
slow.
Questi
onNumber . 60. Whatdev i
cetransf
ersoneenergyt
ypetoanot
her
?.
Opti
onA. Tr ansponder.
Opti
onB. Tr ansducer.
Opti
onC. Tr ansmitter
.
Corr
ectAnsweris. Transducer
.
Expl
anati
[Link] device thattr
ansfer
sone energyt y
pe to anot
heriscal
l
ed a t
ransducer
.Ai
rcr
aftEl
ect
ri
cit
yand
El
ectr
onics5t
hEditi
onEi sminPage171.

Questi
onNumber . 61. El ectri
calpoweri
ssuppl
iedtoasynchror
otor
.
Opti
onA. t hroughslipri
ngs.
Opti
onB. t hroughacommut ator.
Opti
onC. di rect
ly.
Corr
ectAnsweris. thr
oughsliprings.
Expl
anati
[Link]
icalpowerisconnectedt
oasynchrorot
orthr
oughsli
pri
ngs.

Questi
onNumber. 62. I nasy nchror
esolver
,thest
atorcoi
lsar
eatwhatangl
einr
elat
iont
ooneanot
her
?.
Opti
onA. 45degr ees.
Opti
onB. 80degr ees.
Opti
onC. 90degr ees.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. 90degr ees.
Expl
anati
[Link]
nchr oresolv
ert hest
atorcoi
lsare90degreest
oeachother
."

Questi
onNumber. 63. Ani ncreaseinnegativef
eedbackt
otheser
voampl
i
fier
.
Opti
onA. hasnoef fect
.
Opti
onB. i ncreasesampl i
fi
erstabil
it
y.
Opti
onC. decr easesamplif
ierstabi
li
ty.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. increasesamplifi
erstabi
l
ity
.
Expl
anati
[Link]
ivef
eedbackhel
pst
oincr
easet
hest
abi
l
ityofanampl
i
fierwi
thchangesi
ntemper
atur
eandt
heef
fect
s
ofage.

Questi
onNumber . 64. I nasy nchr
o,whati
susedtoconv
ertsi
gnal
sf r
om onefor
mtoanother?.
Opti
onA. Tr ansducer.
Opti
onB. Tr ansmitter
.
Opti
onC. Tr ansformer.
Corr
ectAnsweris. Transducer.
Expl
anati
on.A' t
ransducer'conver
tsonesignalt
ypetoanother
.Air
craftEl
ect
ri
cit
yandElectr
onics5t
hEdi
ti
onEi
smi
n
Page171.

Questi
onNumber . 65. Acont r
olsur
faceposi
tionfeedbacksi
gnali
s.
Opti
onA. i nv er
selyproporti
onaltosurf
acepositi
on.
Opti
onB. pr oporti
onaltosurfaceposit
ion.
Opti
onC. non- l
inear.
Corr
ectAnsweri s. proporti
onaltosurf
aceposit
ion.
Expl
anati
[Link] t
ionf eedbackisproport
ionalt
osur f
acepositi
[Link]
ng,ascont
rolsur
facedef
lect
ioni
ncr
eases,so
doesthefeedback.

Questi
onNumber. 66. Aposi t
iongyrowil
lpr
ovi
de.
Opti
onA. accel erat
ionfeedback.
Opti
onB. v el
oci
tyfeedback.
Opti
onC. posi ti
onalfeedback.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. positi
onalfeedback.
Expl
anati
[Link]
erri
ngt oa'posit
iongyro'asi
nart
if
ici
alhor
izonanddi
rect
ional
gyr
o.

Quest
ionNumber
. 67. I
nvel
oci
tyf
eedbackt
hesi
gnal
is.
OptionA. outofphase.
OptionB. i nphase.
OptionC. equal totheerr
orsignal
.
CorrectAnsweri
s. outofphase.
Explanat
[Link]
ocit
yfeedbackmustbeant
i-
phasewi
tht
heer
rorsi
gnali
nor
dert
oopposei
t(andt
husbenegat
ive
feedback).

Questi
onNumber. 68. I fv
elocit
yfeedbackinaserv
osyst
em i
saboveopt
imum,
thi
swi
l
lcause.
Opti
onA. noef fect
.
Opti
onB. sl uggishoper ati
on.
Opti
onC. hunt ing.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. sluggishoper at
ion.
Expl
anati
[Link]
ocityfeedbackslowsdownt heoper
ati
onoft
herotor
.

Questi
onNumber . 69. Theamountofr atefeedbackfr
om atachogeneratori
s.
Opti
onA. pr opor t
ionaltospeed.
Opti
onB. const antforallservospeeds.
Opti
onC. i nv erselypropor t
ionalt
ospeed.
Corr
ectAnsweris. pr oporti
onal t
ospeed.
Expl
anati
[Link] achogener atorprovi
desfeedbackpropor
ti
onalt
oitsrate(speed).

Questi
onNumber . 70. Whatcont r
olsyst
em isusedonaninputthatgi
vesacont
rol
l
edpr
edet
ermi
nedout
put
?.
Opti
onA. Cont rolServo.
Opti
onB. Cl osedLoop.
Opti
onC. OpenLoop.
Corr
ectAnsweris. ClosedLoop.
Expl
anati
[Link]
rolsy
stem cangiv
eapredeter
mi nedout
put
.
Questi
onNumber . 71. I ncreasi
ngveloci
tyf
eedbackf
rom opt
imum wil
lgi
ve.
Opti
onA. f asterperformance.
Opti
onB. sl uggishperformance.
Opti
onC. nochangeont heoutput
.
Corr
ectAnsweris. sluggishperformance.
Expl
anati
[Link]
edfr
om theer
rorsi
gnalt
oreducet
herat
eoft
heout
put
.

Questi
onNumber. 72. Ar atecontr
olser
vosyst
em wit
hasteadyinputv
olt
agewi l
lgi
ve.
Opti
onA. decr easingspeed.
Opti
onB. i ncreasingspeed.
Opti
onC. const antspeed.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. const antspeed.
Expl
anati
[Link] r
olsystem wi
thasteadyi
nputvol
tagewi
llgi
veaconstantspeedout
put
.

Questi
onNumber . 73. Ani ncreasei
namplit
udeofarat
efeedbacksi
gnalwill
cause.
Opti
onA. sl uggi
shser vooperati
on.
Opti
onB. unst ableoperati
on.
Opti
onC. r educedhunt i
ng.
Corr
ectAnsweris. reducedhunting.
Expl
anati
[Link] storeduceover
shootandosci
ll
ati
on(hunt
ing)
,theref
ore,i
ncr
easi
ngt
heampl
i
tude(
size)of
ther
atefeedbackwil
l decr
easetendencytohunt
.

Questi
onNumber. 74. Ani ncreaseinnegat
ivefeedback.
Opti
onA. decr easessystem sensit
ivi
ty.
Opti
onB. i ncreasessystem sensiti
vit
y.
Opti
onC. wi l
lmaket hedr i
vendev i
ceconti
nuouslyrot
ate.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. decreasessy stem sensi
ti
vi
ty.
Expl
anati
[Link]
ivef
eedback(
posi
ti
onand/
orr
ate)i
ncr
easesst
abi
l
itybutmakest
heser
vounr
esponsi
vet
osmal
l
changes.

Questi
onNumber. 75. Posi t
ionf eedbackisusedto.
Opti
onA. i ndicatetothepi l
ottheposi ti
onoftheload.
Opti
onB. t opreventcontrolsurfaceoscill
ati
onswhilet
hesurf
acei sbeingmoved.
Opti
onC. ensur econtrolsurfacemov estothedemandedposi
tionbyt hecontr
ols.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. ensur econtrolsur f
acemov estothedemandedpositionbythecontr
ols.
Expl
anati
[Link]
ionf eedbacki st oensur econtr
olsurfacemov esto( andstopsat)thedemandedposi
ti
onbyt
he
cont
rols.

Questi
onNumber. 76. Theout putf
rom acont
rolt
ransf
ormeris.
Opti
onA. t or
que.
Opti
onB. ACv ol
tage.
Opti
onC. DCv ol
tage.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. ACv olt
age.
Expl
anati
[Link]
ransf
ormerprov
idesACv ol
tagei
nproport
iont
otheer
rorsi
gnal
.

Questi
onNumber. 77. Thest at
orout
putvol
tagesf
rom asy
nchr
oresol
verar
e.
Opti
onA. 3phase.
Opti
onB. ACsi ngl
ephase.
Opti
onC. DC.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. ACsingl
ephase.
Expl
anati
[Link]
ephasefr
om eachwindi
ng.

Questi
onNumber
. 78. At ypi
cal
usef
orr
esol
versy
nchr
osi
s.
Opti
onA. f l
ybywiresy
stem.
Opti
onB. engi nepowerinst
rumentat
ion.
Opti
onC. i ncompasscompar at
orunits.
CorrectAnsweris. i
ncompasscompar atorunit
s.
Explanat
[Link]
nchroconvert
sCar t
esiancoor
dinat
es(
gri
dref
s)t
opol
ar(
compassr
eadi
ng)andcanbeusedt
o
checktheaccuracyofthecompasssy st
em.

Questi
onNumber. 79. Whatdoesar esol
v erdo?.
Opti
onA. Addst wosignals.
Opti
onB. Resol vesamov ementintosineandcosi necomponents.
Opti
onC. Resol vesapositioni
ntosineandcosi necomponents.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. Resol
vesaposi t
ionintosineandcosinecomponents.
Expl
anati
[Link]
verconvertsaposi
tionfrom polarcoor
dinat
esi
ntocart
esi
ancoor
dinat
es,
and/
orv
icev
ersa.

Questi
onNumber . 80. I fthef
eedbacki
sideal
l
ydamped,
thesi
gnal
wil
l
.
Opti
onA. ov ershoot sonceandret
urnback.
Opti
onB. notov ershoot.
Opti
onC. osci l
late.
Corr
ectAnsweris. ov ershoot
sonceandret
urnback.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 81. I nat achogenerat
ortheout
putv
olt
agei
s.
Opti
onA. i nv er
selyproport
ionaltothespeed.
Opti
onB. zer o.
Opti
onC. di rectl
ypr opor
ti
onal t
ot hespeed.
Corr
ectAnsweris. dir
ectl
yproporti
onaltothespeed.
Expl
anati
[Link].
Questi
onNumber . 82. Thepr imar ypurposeofr
atef
eedbacki
naposi
ti
onal
ser
vosy
stem i
sto.
Opti
onA. ensur esy st
em li
nearit
y.
Opti
onB. pr eventexcessiveovershoot.
Opti
onC. ensur emi nimum responset i
me.
Corr
ectAnsweris. preventexcessi
v eovershoot
.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 83. I nacont r
ol sur f
aceposit
ionindi
cat
ingsyst
em t
hef
eedbacksi
gnal
is.
Opti
onA. i nphasewi t
ht hecontr
ol surfaceposit
ion.
Opti
onB. i ndirectl
yproporti
onaltot hecontrol
sur f
aceposi
tion.
Opti
onC. pr oport
ionaltothecontrol surf
acepositi
on.
Corr
ectAnsweris. propor
tionalt
othecont rol
surf
acepositi
on.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 84. Sy nchr
osy st
emsdependont
hepr
inci
plesof
.
Opti
onA. el ect r
omagnet i
cinducti
on.
Opti
onB. capaci ti
vereacti
on.
Opti
onC. mut ualI
nductance.
Corr
ectAnsweris. mutualInductance.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 85. Api ezoelectr
iccr
yst
ali
sanexampl
eof
.
Opti
onA. ananal oguetransducer .
Opti
onB. aPneumat i
cTr ansducer.
Opti
onC. aEl ectroAcousti
cTr ansducer.
Corr
ectAnsweris. ananaloguetransducer.
Expl
anati
[Link].
Questi
onNumber . 86. Thedi f
fer
encebet
weenanopenandcl
osedl
oopi
s.
Opti
onA. er rorsignal
.
Opti
onB. f eedback.
Opti
onC. cor respondence.
Corr
ectAnsweris. feedback.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 87. I naDesy nnindi
cat
orsy
stem,
wher
eispowersuppl
i
edt
o?.
Opti
onA. Tr ansmitterandindicator
.
Opti
onB. I ndi
catoronly.
Opti
onC. Tr ansmitteronly.
Corr
ectAnsweris. Transmi t
teronly
.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 88. Whatdoest heDesy
nni
ndi
cat
orr
otorconsi
stof
?.
Opti
onA. El ectromagnet .
Opti
onB. Per manentMagnet.
Opti
onC. Al uminium cor
edcoi
l.
Corr
ectAnsweris. PermanentMagnet
.
Expl
anati
[Link].

[Link]
vomechani
sms.

Questi
onNumber
. 1. Whenaser
vomot
orov
ershoot
saf
terast
epi
nputandosci
l
lat
esi
tis.
Opti
onA. underdamped.
Opti
onB. ov erdamped.
Opti
onC. cr i
ti
cal
lydamped.
Corr
ectAnsweris. underdamped.
Expl
anat
[Link].

Quest
ionNumber
. 2. Ar
educt
ionf
rom t
heopt
imum set
ti
ngoft
hev
eloci
tyf
eedbacki
naser
vol
oopcoul
dcause.

Opti
onA. i nstabil
i
ty.
Opti
onB. sl owr esponse.
Opti
onC. owser v
ogai n.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. instabil
i
ty.
Expl
anat
[Link]
tAut omat
icFl
i
ghtCont
rol
pg88.

Questi
onNumber. 3. Thephasedi ff
erencebet
weent
hesuppl
i
esofat wophasei
nduct
ionmot
ori
s.
Opti
onA. 90° .
Opti
onB. 180° .
Opti
onC. 0° .
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. 90°.
Expl
anati
[Link]
fer
enceoft
hetwophasesappl
i
edtoaninduct
ionmot
oris90°
.

Questi
onNumber . 4. I fther otoroft herecei
veri
nat orquesy
nchrosy st
em wasprev
ent
edf
rom al
i
gni
ngwi
tht
he
tr
ansmitt
err
otor,t
hen.
Opti
onA. t hetransmitt
errotorwillt
urnt oal
ignwit
hthereceiv
err
otor
.
Opti
onB. t hereceiverwil
lhunt.
Opti
onC. t hereceiverwil
loverheat.
Corr
ectAnsweris. therecei
verwi l
loverheat.
Expl
anati
[Link]
owsi nthestatorwhenev ert
herot
orsarenoti
ncorrespondence.

Quest
ionNumber
. 5. AnE&Ibarout
putatdat
um has.
Opti
onA. ani mbalanceofvolt
agesi nthesecondarywi ndings.
Opti
onB. noi nducedvol
tageinthesecondar ywindings.
Opti
onC. equal andopposit
ev ol
tagesinducedinthesecondar y.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. equalandopposi t
ev ol
tagesinducedint hesecondar
y.
Expl
anat
[Link]
tAutomati
cFl i
ghtControlpg130.

QuestionNumber . 6. Ther esul

tofcrossconnect ingtwoofthet
ransmi
ssi
onl
eadsi
nat
orquesy
nchr
osy
stem and
thenturni
ngtherotoroft het
ransmit
ter60°cl
ockwi sewouldbe.
OptionA. t hereceiverwouldmove60°clockwi se.
OptionB. t hereceiverwouldmove60°anticl
ockwi se.
OptionC. t hereceiverwouldmove120°ant i
clockwise.
CorrectAnsweris. therecei
verwouldmov e60°ant i
clockwise.
Explanati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 7. Thecont r
olwindingsofat wophaseservomot
ori
ssuppl
i
edwi t
hACvol
tageof
.
Opti
onA. v ar
iableamplit
ude,vari
abl
ephase.
Opti
onB. v ar
iablephase.
Opti
onC. const antampli
tude.
Corr
ectAnsweris. v ari
abl
eampl i
tude,
variablephase.
Expl
anati
[Link] rolwi
ndingsarefedwi thvari
abl
eampl i
tudeACbuttheampli
tudecanbeposi
ti
ve(
inphase)or
negat
ive(ant
i-
phase) .

Questi
onNumber . 8. I ftherot
orofacontrol
synchr
ost
icks.
Opti
onA. t hesystem hunts.
Opti
onB. t hepositionf
eedbackwil
losci
ll
ate.
Opti
onC. hi ghcurrentwil
lfl
ow.
Corr
ectAnsweris. highcurr
entwil
lfl
ow.
Expl
anati
[Link]
owsi nt
hestat
orswhenevert
her
ot or
sar
enoti
ncor
respondence.
Questi
onNumber . 9. Wi ththerever
saloft
heconnect
ionst
other
otoroft
het
ransmi
tt
erofat
orquesy
nchr
o,t
he
posi
ti
onoftherecei
v err
otorwi
llbe.
Opti
onA. changedby120° .
Opti
onB. unchanged.
Opti
onC. changedby180° .
Corr
ectAnsweris. changedby180°.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber. 10. Theappl icat
ionofa'sti
ck-of
f'v
olt
aget
oacont r
olsynchroser
vosystem i
s.
Opti
onA. t oovercomet heeff
ectofstati
cfri
cti
on.
Opti
onB. t oovercomet heeff
ectofv i
scousfri
cti
on.
Opti
onC. t opreventali
gnmenttoaf al
senull
.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. t oprevental
i
gnmentt oafalsenull
.
Expl
anati
[Link]
ck-offvolt
ageistopreventali
gnmentt oafal
senul
l(i
.e.180degreesout)whensystem i
sswi
tchedof
f.

Questi
onNumber . 11. Aser vosyst
em mayi ncludeabr ake,anaut omatictri
m sy st
em i
soneexamplewher
eabrake
i
[Link].
Opti
onA. appl i
edwhent ri
mmingiscompl et
etopr eventstabil
i
zercreep.
Opti
onB. appl i
edduringtr
immingtopreventoscil
lat
ionsaboutt hedemandposi ti
on.
Opti
onC. appl i
edduringtr
immingtopreventservorunaway .
Corr
ectAnsweris. appl
iedwhentri
mmingiscompl etet opreventstabi
li
zercreep.
Expl
anati
[Link] swit
choft
enconsist
sof2separ ateswi t
[Link] storeleasethebr
ake,
theotheri
stoswi
tchon
themotor.

Quest
ionNumber
. 12. I
nacont
rol
synchr
othest
atorcur
rentceasest
ofl
owwhen.
Opti
onA. t heCTr ot
orisatnull
.
Opti
onB. whenpoweri sremoved.
Opti
onC. whent hetworotor
sar eal
igned.
Corr
ectAnsweris. whenpowerisr emoved.
Expl
anat
[Link] r
olsynchr
o,thestatori
ssuppl
i
edwi
thcur
rentatal
lti
mes,
what
evert
het
ransf
ormerr
otorposi
ti
on.

Questi
onNumber . 13. Theresul
tofrev
ersi
ngt
her
otorconnect
ionst
other
ecei
verofat
orquesy
nchr
osy
stem i
sthat
ther
otorposi
ti
on.
Opti
onA. i schangedby180°.
Opti
onB. i sunchanged.
Opti
onC. i schangedby120°.
Corr
ectAnsweris. i
schangedby180°
.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 14. At wophaseinducti
onmotorusedi
naser
vomechani
sm.
Opti
onA. wi llal
way srequir
east ar
ter.
Opti
onB. r unswi t
hnosl i
p.
Opti
onC. i ssel fstar
ti
ngunderl i
ghtloads.
Corr
ectAnsweris. isselfstart
ingunderl
ightl
oads.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 15. Ahy st
eresisserv omotorisusedi
naser
vomechani
sm because.
Opti
onA. i thasgoodst art
ingchar acter
isti
cs.
Opti
onB. goodspeed/ v
olt
ager el
at i
onship.
Opti
onC. l owi nert
ia.
Corr
ectAnsweris. i
thasgoodst art
ingchar acter
ist
ics.
Expl
anati
[Link].
Questi
onNumber . 16. Rev er
saloft
wooft hest atorconnectionsonat or
quesy
nchr
orecei
verwoul
dcause.
Opti
onA. t hetransmit
tertobecomethereceiv er.
Opti
onB. t heoutputtomov ethesamedirectionast heinput
.
Opti
onC. t heoutputtomov etherev
ersedirectiont otheinput.
Corr
ectAnsweris. theoutputtomovethereversedi recti
ont otheinput
.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 17. Theout putofat
achogener
atorshoul
dbe.
Opti
onA. exponent i
al.
Opti
onB. l inear.
Opti
onC. si nusoi
dal.
Corr
ectAnsweris. sinusoidal
.
Expl
anati
[Link] putshouldbethesamewaveform asthei
nput
,i.
[Link]
nusoi
dal
.

Questi
onNumber. 18. Wi t
haconst anti
nputtoaspeedcontrolserv
o,theser
vomot or
.
Opti
onA. mov estoacer t
ainposition.
Opti
onB. mov esataconst antspeed.
Opti
onC. osci l
lat
es,butotherwisedoesnotmov e.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. movesataconst antspeed.
Expl
anati
[Link] est
heload(e.
[Link])atconst
antspeed.

Questi
onNumber . 19. Cr i
ti
caldampingi naser v
omechani sm is.
Opti
onA. t hepointwhichal
lowsjustoneov ershootbeforetheloadcomest or est.
Opti
onB. t heamountofdampi ngthatresult
si ntheloadjustnotoscill
ati
ng.
Opti
onC. t hecri
tical
dampingrequir
edf ort
heopt imum dampi ngoft heserv
omechanism.
Corr
ectAnsweris. theamountofdampi ngthatresult
si nt
hel oadjustnotoscil
l
ating.
Expl
anat
[Link]
ngr
esul
tsi
nthef
ast
estt
imet
odemandposi
ti
onwi
thoutanyov
ershoot
.

Questi
onNumber. 20. Rev er
ser otat
ionofacont roltr
ansfor
merrotorcanbecausedby .
Opti
onA. connect i
onstothetransmitterrot
orreversed.
Opti
onB. connect i
onsbetweent hetransfor
merrot orandtheampli
fierr
eversed.
Opti
onC. shor tcir
cui
tbet
weent wot ransmissi
onl i
nes.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. connecti
onsbet weent hetr
ansformerr ot
orandtheampl i
fi
errever
sed.
Expl
anati
[Link]
ngtheconnectionst otheamplifi
erwi l
lmakethemot [Link]
hef
eedbackwi
l
ldr
ive
thet
ransf
ormerr
ot orint
hewrongdi rect
ion.

Questi
onNumber. 21. Vel ocitylagcanbedecr easedby.
Opti
onA. keepi ngtheerrordetector(summi ngpoint
)outputasl
owaspossi
ble.
Opti
onB. i ntr
oducti
onofani ntegrator.
Opti
onC. decr easi
ngt hecoulombf rict
ioni
nt hesystem.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. decr
easingthecoul ombf r
icti
oninthesystem.
Expl
anati
[Link]
ombf r
icti
onisoneoft hethi
ngswhi chcausesvel
oci
tyl
ag.

Questi
onNumber . 22. At wophasemot orwi
ll
stopwhen.
Opti
onA. t hecont r
olphaseisrever
sed.
Opti
onB. t heref
er encephaseisrever
sed.
Opti
onC. t hecont r
olphaseiszero.
Corr
ectAnsweris. thecontrolphasei
szero.
Expl
anati
[Link] orwil
lst
opwhenthecont
rolphasei
szer
o(i
.[Link]
put
).

Questi
onNumber
. 23. At achogener at
oroutputi
s.
Opti
onA. v ari
abl
efr
equency,constantvol
tage.
Opti
onB. v ari
abl
efr
equency,var
iablevolt
age.
Opti
onC. v ar
iabl
evoltage,constantfr
equency.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. vari
ablev ol
tage,constantf
requency
.
Expl
anat
[Link] r
equencyast
hei
nput(
i.
[Link]
ant
)butt
hev
olt
agev
ari
es.

Questi
onNumber . 24. I ft wooft hest atorleadsarecrossconnect
edi
nacontr
olsynchr
osystem,a25°clockwise
rot
ati
onofthei
nputr ot
orwoul dr esul
ti ntheoutputrotor
.
Opti
onA. mov i
ng180°t or ectif
ythedef ect.
Opti
onB. mov i
ng25°ant iclockwise.
Opti
onC. mov i
ng25°cl ockwi se.
Corr
ectAnsweris. moving25°ant i
clockwi se.
Expl
anati
[Link] i
ngt wost at orl
eadsofacont rolsynchr
owil
lmaket
hemagneti
cfi
eldi
nt her
ecei
verr
otatein
theopposi
tedi
recti
onast het r
ansmi tter.

Questi
onNumber . 25. Dampi nginaser
vomechanism iseasiert
oapplyi
f.
Opti
onA. t hemechanism i
sli
ghtandhashighinert
ia.
Opti
onB. t hemechanism i
sli
ghtandhaslowinerti
a.
Opti
onC. t hemechanism i
sheavyandhashighinerti
a.
Corr
ectAnsweris. themechani
sm i
sli
ghtandhasl owinert
ia.
Expl
anati
[Link]
ll
ati
onisgr
eatestwhent hemechanism i
sheavyandhasahi
ghi
ner
ti
a.

Quest i
onNumber . 26. I ftheelectri
calconnect ionstot
hef eedbackgenerat
orinacont r
olsynchrosystem wer
e
disconnected,
the.
Opt i
onA. mot orwouldr unint
hewr ongdirection.
Opt i
onB. i nputsi gnaltotheamplif
ierwouldr educe.
Opt i
onC. sy stem wouldt endt
oosci l
lat
e.
CorrectAnsweri s. system wouldtendt oosci
llate.
Explanati
[Link] rom thetachogeneratorpr event
sov
erspeedandov er
shoot,sodi
sconnect
ingthefeedbackwi
ll
causet hel
oadt oov ershootandoscill
ate.
Questi
onNumber . 27. Ani ncreasei nservoampl
if
iergai
n.
Opti
onA. i ncr easessy st
em response.
Opti
onB. r educest endencytohunt.
Opti
onC. r educest hespeedoft hesy st
em.
Corr
ectAnsweris. increasessystem response.
Expl
anati
[Link]-
ampl i
fi
ergainwi l
lmakethesyst
em r
espondf
ast
erbutwi
l
lal
socausei
ttoov
ershootand
osci
ll
ate(
hunt).

Questi
onNumber. 28. Thet er
m'vel
oci
tyl
ag'r
efer
stoa.
Opti
onA. speeder r
or.
Opti
onB. accel erat
ionerr
or.
Opti
onC. posi ti
oner r
or.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. positi
onerr
or.
Expl
anati
[Link]
ocit
ylagisthedif
fer
encebet
weenthedemandi
nputandt
hel
oadposi
ti
on.I
tist
her
efor
eaposi
ti
oner
ror
.

Questi
onNumber. 29. Ther otorofanACt achogener
ator.
Opti
onA. r ot
atesatconst
antspeed.
Opti
onB. hasskewedsl ots.
Opti
onC. hasacopper ,brassoral umini
um cyli
nder.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. hasacopper ,brassoral
uminium cyl
inder
.
Expl
anati
[Link] at
orr otorismadefrom adiamagnet i
cmat
eri
alsuchascopper
,br
assoral
umi
nium.

Questi
onNumber
. 30. Aser v
osystem wit
htransi
entnegat
ivev
eloci
tyf
eedback.
Opti
onA. i sdampedwit
hli
tt
level
ocit
ylag.
Opti
onB. i sunder
dampedwit
hhighveloci
tyl
ag.
Opti
onC. i sdampedwi thhi
ghv el
ocit
ylag.
Corr
ectAnsweris. i
sdampedwi t
hlit
tl
eveloci
tylag.
Expl
anat
[Link]
entv el
oci
tyfeedbackisav ari
abl
ef eedbackwhichcanbeswitchedonwhent hesyst
em i
saboutto
over
shoot(andanti
cipat
estheovershoot)
.Butitcanalsobeswitchedoffwheni
tisnotrequi
redt
oreducethev
eloci
tyl
ag.

QuestionNumber. 31. Tor eversethedi

rect
ionofr otati
onofat wophaseinduct
ionmot
or.
Opti
onA. r ev
erset hepolari
tyofboththecontr
ol phaseandr ef
erencephase.
Opti
onB. r ev
erset hepolari
tyofthecontr
olphase.
Opti
onC. shi ftther ef
erenceby90°.
CorrectAnsweri
s. r ever
set hepol
arit
yofthecontrolphase.
Expl
anat i
[Link] ersethedirect
ionofat wophasei nducti
onmot orthecontr
olphasemustbeoutofphasewi
tht
he
ref
erencephase.

Quest i
onNumber . 32. LossofDCt oaservoampli
fi
ercausest
hemotorto.
OptionA. r ever
se.
OptionB. st op.
OptionC. r uncontinuousl
y.
CorrectAnsweris. stop.
Explanati
[Link] otheser
vo-
ampl
if
ierwil
lcausetheampli
fi
ert
ostopwor
kingandt
hemot
orwi
l
lther
efor
est
op
running.

Questi
onNumber . 33. AnACser v
odemandcanbeconvert
edtodri
veaDCmotorbythei
ntr
oducti
onofa.
Opti
onA. r ecti
fi
er.
Opti
onB. demodul at
or.
Opti
onC. modul at
or.
Corr
ectAnsweris. demodulat
or.
Expl
anati
[Link] atordi
ffer
sfrom ar
ect
if
ieri
nthatitcansenset
hephaseoftheACi nput
,andgi
veanout
put
ei
therposi
ti
veDCornegat
iveDCaccor
dingl
[Link]
sthendr
ivest
heDCmot
ori
nthecor
rectdi
rect
ion.

Questi
onNumber. 34. Sy nchroindi
catorsyst
emsar
eusedwhentheindi
cat
ioni
srequi
redt
omov
e.
Opti
onA. af r
acti
onoft hei nputdist
ance.
Opti
onB. att hesamer ateast heinput.
Opti
onC. sl owerthant heinputrate.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. atthesamer ateast heinput
.
Expl
anati
[Link] esatthesamespeedast
heinput
.

Questi
onNumber. 35. Al inearvari
abledif
ferenti
altr
ansformeri susedtomeasur epositi
onfeedbackwhere.
Opti
onA. anout putwhosephasei sr el
atedtodi r
ecti
onofmov ementandampl i
tudelinearoverawiderange.
Opti
onB. 360°ofr otat
ionandhi ghangularaccuracyisrequir
ed.
Opti
onC. i sofli
mitedi
mpor tancebutrobustconst r
ucti
onandr el
iabi
l
ityi
simportant.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. anoutputwhosephasei srelatedtodir
ectionofmov ementandampl it
udeli
nearoverawiderange.
Expl
anati
[Link] espositi
onandpr ovidesadiffer
entphaseaccor di
ngtot hedirect
ionofmovement.

Questi
onNumber. 36. Al owfrequencysinusoi
dal i
nputwi l
lcauseacl
osedl
oopserv
omechani
sm l
oadto.
Opti
onA. mov ebackwardsandforwardsattheinputfrequency.
Opti
onB. mov ebackwardsandforwardsattheinputfrequency.
Opti
onC. mov etoademandposi t
ionwi t
hnoov ershoot.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. movetoademandposi t
ionwithnoov ershoot.
Expl
anati
[Link]
oopservomechani sm (whateverfr
equency )wi
l
lmovetothedemandposi
ti
onwit
hnoormi
nimal
over
shoot.

Questi
onNumber
. 37. Ifaser
voampli
fi
eri
ssuff
eri
ngfr
om dr
if
t.
Opti
onA. t hel
oadwoul
dmov etoanewposi
ti
on,pr
opor
ti
onal
tothedr
if
tandthenr
eturnbackt
othedat
um posi
ti
on.
Opti
onB. t hel
oadwoul
dmov etoanewposi
ti
on,pr
opor
ti
onal
tothedr
if
tandstayt
here.
Opti
onC. t heloadwouldoscil
lat
eaboutthedatum posi
tion.
Corr
ectAnsweris. t
heloadwouldmov etoanewposi ti
on,proport
ionalt
othedri
ftandst
ayther
e.
Expl
anati
[Link]
iersuff
ersfr
om dri
ft(e.
[Link] oageort emper
atur
e),thel
oadwil
lmov
etoanewposi
ti
on
andstopwhentheposit
ionfeedbackcancel
soutthedrif
tsignal.

Questi
onNumber . 38. I nat ransi
entv el
oci
tyfeedbackcircui
t,t
het
achogener
atorout
puti
ssummat
edwi
tht
he
demandv ol
tage.
Opti
onA. atal lt
imeswhent heloadismov i
ng.
Opti
onB. onl ywhent hel
oadisspeedinguporslowingdown.
Opti
onC. onl ywhent hel
oadisslowingdown.
Corr
ectAnsweris. onlywhentheloadisspeedi
nguporsl owi
ngdown.
Expl
anati
[Link] i
cFli
ghtControl
EHJPal l
ettPage91.

Questi
onNumber. 39. AnLVDThas.
Opti
onA. anout putwindingwhichi
swoundi nser i
esopposit
ion.
Opti
onB. ani nputwindingwhosevoltagewil
lchangewithloadmov ement
.
Opti
onC. anout putwindingwhosev olt
ageandfrequencyi
sl i
neart
oloadangul
armov
ement
.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. anoutputwi
ndingwhi chi
swoundi nseri
esoppositi
on.
Expl
anati
[Link] putwindingwhichiswoundinser i
esopposi
ti
on.

Questi
onNumber. 40. Toconv ertadif
fer
ential
synchrof r
om subtr
act
iont
oaddi
ti
ony
ouwoul
d.
Opti
onA. changeov ertwor otorandtwostatorconnections.
Opti
onB. changeov erallt
hreest at
orwindi
ngs.
Opti
onC. r ev
ersetherefer
encephasesuppl y.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. changeov ertwor ot
orandtwost atorconnecti
ons.
Expl
anati
[Link] f
ferenti
alsynchrofrom subtracti
ontoaddit
iony
oumustswapt
woofther
otorl
eadsAND
swaptwoofthestat
orleads.
Questi
onNumber . 41. I ngener altheaccur
acyofasy
nchrosy
stem i
ncr
easesi
fthe.
Opti
onA. st atorcurrentislow.
Opti
onB. r otorcurrentishigh.
Opti
onC. st atorcurrentishigh.
Corr
ectAnsweri s. statorcur r
entislow.
Expl
[Link] nchr osy stem isonlyaccurat
ewhenthetworotor
sareincorr
[Link]
hist
imet
hest
ator
curr
entiszero.

Questi
onNumber . 42. Thei nducedsignali
ntheoutputcoil
softhemagnesy
nsyst
em.
Opti
onA. de- saturatesthesoftir
oncor e.
Opti
onB. i sofav alueof800Hz.
Opti
onC. dampst hepointeroscil
lat
ions.
Corr
ectAnsweris. isofav al
ueof800Hz.
Expl
anati
on.A signalf rom thepermanentmagnetf luxisi nducedev
eryti
met hesof
tir
oncomesoutofsat
urat
ion.
Ther
efore,
ift
hesuppl yis400Hzt heinducedsi
gnali
s800Hz.

Questi
onNumber . 43. Thedi r
ecti
onoftheinduced( secondary)magnet
icfiel
dinasynchrot
ransmitt
er.
Opti
onA. i nthesamedirect
ionasthepri
mar yfiel
d.
Opti
onB. i sintheopposi
tedir
ecti
ontothepr i
maryfiel
d.
Opti
onC. i s90°tothepri
marymagneticfi
eld.
Corr
ectAnsweris. i
sintheopposit
edir
ecti
ont otheprimaryfiel
d.
Expl
anati
[Link] otorofasy nchr
ot r
ansmitterinducesacur r
entintothest at
orcoil
[Link] at
orcoilsproducea
magneticfi
eldwhichopposesthefiel
dinther otorwhichcr eat
edi t
.(Si
milartothesecondar
yf i
eldofat r
ansformer
).

Questi
onNumber. 44. Thecoggi
ngef
fecti
nsy
nchr
osi
srect
if
iedby
.
Opti
onA. usi nganell
i
pti
cal
cog.
Opti
onB. skewi ngther ot
or.
Opti
onC. usi ngcarbonbrushes.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. skewingtherot
or.
Expl
anat
[Link]
ectinasynchr
oispr
event
edbyskewi
ng(
ort
wist
ing)t
her
otor
.

QuestionNumber . 45. Rev ersaloft hepowersuppl ytoeitherthet ransmi t

terortherecei
verofator
quesy nchr
o
system woul d.
OptionA. maket hereceiverrotorrotat
eintheoppositedi
recti
on.
OptionB. causea180°di splacementbet weenthetransmitt
erandt hereceiver.
OptionC. hav enoef fectonthei ndicat
ion,
butwouldcauseaheav ycur renttoflow.
CorrectAnsweri s. causea180°di spl
acementbetweent hetr
ansmitterandt hereceiv
er.
[Link] er
salofthepowersuppl ytoeit
herthetransmitt
erort her ecei
verwil
lcausea180degr
eedispl
acement
ofther eceiv
errotor.

Questi
onNumber . 46. Thepur poseofaf
lywheeli
ncor
por
atedi
nasy nchr
oist
o.
Opti
onA. i ncr easethedri
v i
ngforce.
Opti
onB. pr eventinsecti
ngress.
Opti
onC. pr eventoscil
lat
ions.
Corr
ectAnsweris. preventoscil
l
at i
ons.
Expl
anati
[Link] poseofaf lywheelonasynchroi
saspartofaeddycurr
ent(
coul
ombf
ri
cti
on)dampi
ngmechani
sm.

Questi
onNumber. 47. I nasy nchrosyst
em,i
ftwostat
orli
nesar
ecrossedther
ecei
verwi
l
l.
Opti
onA. be180°out .
Opti
onB. notbeaf f
ected.
Opti
onC. r ev
ersedirecti
on.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. reversedirect
ion.
Expl
anati
[Link]
wost atorl
inesarecrossedther
ecei
verwi
llr
ever
seindi
rect
ion.
QuestionNumber . 48. I nanEandIsi gnalgener
atoratdatum,t
hevol
tageonthesecondar
ywi ndi
ngs.
Opti
onA. i szero.
Opti
onB. i smaximum.
Opti
onC. ar eequal andopposite.
CorrectAnsweris. areequalandopposi t
e.
Explanati
[Link] ransfor
mersecondarywindingiswoundinser
iesopposi
ti
on,atdatum t
hev
olt
agei
nthe
secondarywindingswillbeequalandoppositeandcancel.

Questi
onNumber . 49. I nasy nchrotel,the.
Opti
onA. st atorcoili
sfixedandt her otorcoilmoves.
Opti
onB. r otorcoilandstatorcoili
sf ixed.
Opti
onC. r otorcoili
sfixedandt hest atorcoilmoves.
Corr
ectAnsweris. rotorcoilandstatorcoi lisfi
xed.
Expl
anati
[Link]
tInstr
ument sandI ntegr atedSyst
emsPal
l
ettPage149/
150.

Questi
onNumber. 50. AnE&It ransf ormeroutofdatum has.
Opti
onA. equal andopposit
evol t
agesi neachwindings.
Opti
onB. unequal andopposit
ev oltagesinbothwindings.
Opti
onC. nov oltagei
neit
herwi nding.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. unequalandopposi t
ev ol
tagesi
nbot hwindi
ngs.
Expl
anati
[Link],theE&Itransf ormerhasunequalandopposi t
evol
tagesi
nthewi
ndi
ngs(
andhenceanout
put
).

Questi
onNumber
. 51. Wheni smaximum v
olt
agei
nducedi
ntot
her
otorofacont
rol
synchr
otr
ansf
ormer
?.
Opti
onA. 90degr ees(nul
lposi
ti
on)
.
Opti
onB. 0degr ees.
Opti
onC. Whenspi nningf ast
.
Corr
ectAnsweris. 0degrees.
Expl
anat
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 52. Tocheckt heoutputofasynchrostat
oritwoul
dbepr ef
erabl
etouse.
Opti
onA. aVal veVol t
met er.
Opti
onB. aCambr idgeBridge.
Opti
onC. anAv ometer.
Corr
ectAnsweris. aValveVol t
meter.
Expl
anati
[Link] ostat
oroutputisaver
ylowv olt
age,ahighimpedancemulti
meterwoul
[Link]
ncet
his
i
snotananswerpr ovi
dedt hemostsensitiv
eoft het
hreeistheValveVolt
meter.

Questi
onNumber . 53. Sy nchrocapacitor
sareconnect edintosynchr
osyst
emst
o.
Opti
onA. actasspar ksuppressionduet owearoft hesli
prings.
Opti
onB. i ncr easetheaccuracyoft hecontr
olsynchro.
Opti
onC. mi nimi zethetor
quesy nchrostat
orcurrentatnull.
Corr
ectAnsweris. increasetheaccuracyofthecontrolsynchro.
Expl
anati
[Link] ocapacit
orsincreasetheaccur
acyoft hesy nchr
osystem.

Questi
onNumber. 54. I nasl abdesy nnt r
ansmit t
erthe.
Opti
onA. pi ck-
offsf orm partofthecircuitr
esistance.
Opti
onB. pi ck-
offsr ot
ateont hesl
abr esist
er.
Opti
onC. pi ck-
offsar econnect edtoaspar ksuppr essor.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. pick-off
sr otateonthesl abresi
st er
.
Expl
anati
[Link]-offsrotateont hesl [Link]
craf
tEl
ect
ri
cit
yandEl
ect
roni
cs5t
hEdi
ti
onEi
smi
nPage352.
Quest
ionNumber
. 55. I
f,i
naser
vosy
stem,t
heampl
i
tudef
rom t
hef
eedbacksy
stem i
sbel
ownor
mal
,theser
vowi
l
l.

Opti
onA. besl uggishinoperat
ion.
Opti
onB. osci l
late.
Opti
onC. beov erdamped.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. oscil
lat
e.
Expl
anat
[Link]
em isdesi
gnedt
opr
eventov
ershootandosci
l
lat
ion(
hunt
ing)
.

Questi
onNumber . 56. Adesy nninstr
umenthasaposi
ti
ver
egul
ari
ncr
easi
nger
ror
,youwoul
dadj
ust
.
Opti
onA. l ev erl
ength.
Opti
onB. l ev erangl
eandleverl
ength.
Opti
onC. l ev erangl
e.
Corr
ectAnsweris. lev
erangl
e.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber. 57. Tor quesynchror
eceiverbear
ingfr
ict
ionwi
llcause.
Opti
onA. i mpr ovedaccuracy.
Opti
onB. mi sali
gnment .
Opti
onC. hunt i
ng.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. mi sal
ignment.
Expl
anati
[Link]
ngfrict
ionwil
lcausethedel
icaterot
ortostopbef
orethedesir
edposi
ti
on.

Questi
onNumber. 58. Acont r
ol sy
nchrosystem point
eri
s.
Opti
onA. act uatedbyaper manentmagnet .
Opti
onB. di splacedbythetor
queoft hestat
or.
Opti
onC. mot ordri
ven.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. motordriv
en.
Expl
anati
[Link]
verofacontrolsynchr
oiseffecti
vel
yaslowspeedsy
nchr
onousmot
or.
Questi
onNumber. 59. AD. [Link]
gnal
conv
ert
edtoaphasesensi
ti
veA.
C.i
s.
Opti
onA. modul ation.
Opti
onB. demodul ati
on.
Opti
onC. phaseconv ersi
on.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. modul at
ion.
Expl
anati
[Link] ti
veAC='modul
ati
on'
.

Questi
onNumber . 60. Ther ot
orcoilofasy
nchrot
el.
Opti
onA. r ot
atesonlywhenacurrentfl
owsini
t.
Opti
onB. r ot
ates.
Opti
onC. i sst at
ionar
y.
Corr
ectAnsweris. i
sstati
onar
y.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 61. Thepur poseofsynchr
ocapacitor
sinadif
ferent
ial
synchr
otr
ansmissi
onsy st
em.
Opti
onA. r educestatorci
rcui timpedance.
Opti
onB. t oreducestatorcur rent.
Opti
onC. r educerotorcurrent.
Corr
ectAnsweris. toreducest atorcurr
ent.
Expl
anati
[Link] educestat
orcurrentandmakethesynchrosyst
em moreaccur
ate.

Questi
onNumber . 62. Thepur poseofafly
wheeli
nasy
nchr
orecei
veri
ndi
cat
ori
sto.
Opti
onA. i ncr easedrivi
ngtorque.
Opti
onB. pr eventspinningoroscill
ati
on.
Opti
onC. encour agespinni
ng.
Corr
ectAnsweris. pr ev
entspinni
ngoroscill
ati
on.
Expl
anat
[Link]
lywheel
iscoupl
edt
osomef
orm ofbr
ake(
[Link]
ic)t
oreduceosci
l
lat
ions.

Questi
onNumber . 63. Al inearvar
iometeris.
Opti
onA. aspeci al synchrogi vi
ngacoutputproporti
onaltoshaftangle.
Opti
onB. aspeci al autotransformerforsynchrosystem powersupplies.
Opti
onC. anal ternati
v etermf oradesynnsy st
em.
Corr
ectAnsweris. aspeci alsynchrogivi
ngacout putproport
ionalt
oshaf tangle.
Expl
[Link]
nearv ari
omet erisadev i
cewhi chgiv
esanout putvol
tagedirectl
ypr
opor
ti
onalt
oangl
ewhencoupl
edt
o
agyro(forexampl
e).

Questi
onNumber . 64. I nasynchrotelt
herot
ati
ngwindingi
s.
Opti
onA. t hest at
or.
Opti
onB. r ot
or .
Opti
onC. nei ther.
Corr
ectAnsweris. neit
her.
Expl
anati
[Link] satri
ckquest
ion,becauseasynchr
otelhasNOr
otat
ingwi
ndi
[Link]
rcr
aftI
nst
rument
sandI
ntegr
ated
Syst
emsPallet
tPage149/ 150.

QuestionNumber . 65. Ther ecei

v errotorinat or
quesy
nchr
osy
stem osci
l
lat
esov
eranar
cofappr
ox75degr
[Link]
probablecausei
s.
OptionA. onest atorl
ineopenci rcuit
.
OptionB. t wostatorl
inesreversed.
OptionC. shor tcir
cui
tbetweent wost atorlines.
CorrectAnsweris. onestat
orli
neopenci r
cuit
.
Explanati
on.A'possibl
e'symptom ofast atorl
ineopen.

Quest
ionNumber
. 66. Sy
nchr
ocapaci
tor
sar
efi
tt
ed.
Opti
onA. t oimprovesensiti
vi
tyandaccur acy.
Opti
onB. t oprovi
decrit
icaldamping.
Opti
onC. t omakeaddi t
ionaldampingfeat ur
esunnecessar
y.
Corr
ectAnsweris. t
oimprov esensi
ti
vit
yandaccur acy
.
Expl
anat
[Link]
orsreducestatorcurrentandmakethesy
nchr
osy
stem mor
eaccur
ate.

QuestionNumber. 67. Theout putofacont roltransformerismade.

OptionA. phaseandampl i
tudesensiti
vebydi recti
onandmagni t
udeofthetr
ansmitt
errot
ormov ementrespecti
vel
y.
OptionB. phaseandampl i
tudesensiti
vebymagni tudeanddi r
ecti
onofthetr
ansmitt
errot
ormov ementrespecti
vel
y.
OptionC. phasesensi t
ivebyt ransmitt
errot orexcitationandampl itudesensi
ti
vebydi r
ecti
onoft ransmitt
errotor
mov ement.
CorrectAnsweri
s. phaseand ampl i
tudesensi tivebydi rect
ion and magnit
udeoft hetransmitt
errotormov ement
respecti
vel
y.
Explanati
[Link]
dedbyTXr otordi
rect
ion, amplitudeprov i
dedbyTXr ot
ordi
splacement(magnit
ude).

Questi
onNumber . 68. Thel ett
er'B'fol
lowingtheident
if
icat
ioncodeonthecaseofasy
nchr
odenot
es.
Opti
onA. t hatthesy nchroissecondhand.
Opti
onB. t hemodi ficati
onstatus.
Opti
onC. t hatthest atori
srotatable.
Corr
ectAnsweris. thatt hest
atorisr ot
atable.
Expl
anati
[Link]. ht tp://[Link]/ content
/neet
s/14187/css/
14187_
[Link]
m

Questi
onNumber . 69. TXi stheabbrev
iat
ionf
ora.
Opti
onA. t or
quet ransmitter
.
Opti
onB. cont roltr
ansformer.
Opti
onC. t or
quer eceiver
.
Corr
ectAnsweris. torquetransmitt
er.
Expl
anati
[Link].
Questi
onNumber . 70. TRi stheabbr
evi
ati
onf
ora.
Opti
onA. t ransmi tt
erResol ver
.
Opti
onB. t orquer eceiver.
Opti
onC. t orquesy nchr o.
Corr
ectAnsweri s. torquer ecei
ver
.
Expl
anati
[Link] L.

Questi
onNumber . 71. Whenasy nchr
osy
stem i
sincor
respondence,
itst
ransmi
tt
erandr
ecei
ver
.
Opti
onA. ar einphase.
Opti
onB. ar eanti-
phase.
Opti
onC. ar eat90°toeachother
.
Corr
ectAnsweris. arei
nphase.
Expl
anati
[Link].

4.

Questi
onNumber. 1. Ther ef
erencephasetoasynchr
ois.
Opti
onA. 50Hz.
Opti
onB. 28VDC.
Opti
onC. 400Hz.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. 400Hz.
Expl
anati
[Link]
craf
tEl
ect
ri
cit
yandEl ect
roni
cs,
TKEisminPage353.

Quest
ionNumber
. 2. I
nrat
efeedback,whent
hemot
orhasr
eachedt
hecommandedposi
ti
on,t
heout
putwi
l
lbe.

Opt
ionA. maxi
mum andi
n-phasewi
tht
hei
nput
.
Opti
onB. maxi mum andout
-of
-phasewi
tht
heinput
.
Opti
onC. zer o.
Corr
ectAnsweri
s. zer
o.
Expl
anat
[Link]
sapositi
onserv
o,notarateser
vo(
butal
lthr
eeanswer
sar
eincor
recti
fiti
sar
ateser
vo)
.

Questi
onNumber . 3. Whatpoweri
srequi
redf
oradesy
nni
ndi
cat
orsy
stem?
.
Opti
onA. DC.
Opti
onB. AC400Hz.
Opti
onC. AC50Hz.
Corr
ectAnsweris. DC.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 4. Whatmat er
ialwouldhave3electronsint
heout
ermostor
bit
?.
Opti
onA. Maj or
it
yCarr
iermateri
al.
Opti
onB. Thedonort oanN- Typesemi -
conduct
ormat er
ial.
Opti
onC. Theaccept ortoaP-Typesemi -
conductormaterial
.
Corr
ectAnsweris. Theaccept
ortoaP- Typesemi-
conductormat er
ial
.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 5. ami cropr
ocessoronaPCB.
Opti
onA. i snoteasi l
ydamagedbystati
c-electri
cit
y .
Opti
onB. i seasi l
ydamagedbystati
c-el
ectri
cityifmi shandl
i
ng.
Opti
onC. i sonl yeasi
lydamagedbystati
c-electri
cit
yi fr
emov edfr
om tehPCB.
Corr
ectAnsweris. i
seasil
ydamagedbyst at
ic-electr
ici
t yi
fmishandli
ng.
Expl
anati
[Link].
Questi
onNumber . 6. Onat or
quesy nchro,theACpowersuppl yi
sappl
i
edt
o.
Opti
onA. t herotorsofboththetransmitterandt hereceiver.
Opti
onB. t herotorofthetransmitt
eronly.
Opti
onC. t hestatorsofboththetransmitterandt hereceiver
.
Corr
ectAnsweris. therotor
sofbot hthetransmi t
terandt herecei
ver
.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Questi
onNumber . 7. TheChar acter
isti
cCurveofatr
ansistorisplott
edonaxisof.
Opti
onA. basecur r
entagainstVec.
Opti
onB. col l
ectorcurr
entagainstVbe.
Opti
onC. col l
ectorcurr
entagainstVec.
Corr
ectAnsweris. coll
ectorcurr
entagainstVec.
Expl
anati
[Link]. ht t
p://
www. st-
[Link].
uk/~j
cgl
/Scot
s_ Guide/
info/comp/
acti
ve/Bi
Pol
ar/
bpcur
.ht
ml

Questi
onNumber . 8. Ampl ifi
eroutputchar act
eri
sti
csar
edef
inedby
.
Opti
onA. t hecoll
ectorresist
ance.
Opti
onB. t heeff
ectoft heloadr esi
stor.
Opti
onC. t heconf i
gur
ationofthet r
ansistor.
Corr
ectAnsweris. theconfigur
ationoft hetransi
stor
.
Expl
anati
[Link].

Quest
ionNumber
. 9. WhatTy
peofDi
odei
sthi
s?.
Opti
onA. Var actorDiode.
Opti
onB. Doubl eAct i
ngDiode.
Opti
onC. Shot tkyDiode.
Corr
ectAnsweris. ShottkyDiode.
Expl
anat
[Link]. ht t
p://hy
perphysi
cs.
phy
-ast
r.
gsu.
edu/
hbase/
elect
roni
c/v
aract
or.
html

Questi
onNumber . 10. Adev i
cewhi
chprovi
descheapandconveni
entv
ari
abl
epowersuppl
yisa.
Opti
onA. Di ac.
Opti
onB. Var i
ac.
Opti
onC. Tr iac.
Corr
ectAnsweris. Vari
ac.
Expl
anati
[Link]. ht t
p:/
/en.
wiki
pedi
[Link]
g/wi
ki
/Aut
otransf
ormer