Algebra and Trigonometry | Table of Contents

Chapter 1: Prerequisites
1.1 Alg​ebra Essentials
● Properties of Real Numbers and Order of Operations
● Distinguish between natural numbers, whole numbers, and integers (40)
● Distinguish between rational and irrational numbers (40)
● Perform calculations using order of operations (40)
● Use the inverse and identity properties of real numbers
● Use the commutative, associative, and distributive properties of real numbers (6)
● Evaluate and Simplify Algebraic Expressions
● Evaluate algebraic expressions with a single variable (20)
● Evaluate algebraic expressions with two variables (40)
● Identify constants and variables (40)
● Use a formula (40)
● Simplify algebraic expressions (40)
● Set Operations and Venn Diagrams
● Represent a set using a written description and the roster method (5)
● Identify subsets, universal sets, and empty sets
● Illustrate two sets using a Venn diagram and set notation (5)
● Set Operations
● Determine the complement of a set using Venn diagrams or set notation
● Determine the intersection of two sets using Venn diagrams and set notation
● Determine the union of two sets using Venn diagrams or set notation
● Perform operations on sets (5)
● Evaluate and Simplify Absolute Value Expressions
● Understand absolute value and evaluate absolute value expressions with the order of
operations
● Evaluate algebraic expressions involving absolute value
1.2 Exponents and Scientific Notation
● Product, Quotient, and Power Properties of Exponents
● Understand exponent notation (6)
● Use the product rule of exponents (6)
● Use the quotient rule of exponents (40)
● Use the power rule of exponents (40)
● Negative Exponents and Simplifying Exponential Expressions
● Use the negative and zero exponent rule (40)
● Find the power of a product (40)
● Find the power of a quotient (6)
● Simplify exponential expressions (40)
● Scientific Notation
● Convert between standard and scientific notation (40)
● Multiply and divide numbers in scientific notation (40)
1.3 Radicals and Rational Exponents
● Simplify Radicals
● Evaluate square roots (40)
● Use the product rule to simplify square roots (40)
● Use the quotient rule to simplify square roots
● Operations with Radicals
● Add and subtract square roots (40)
● Rationalize denominators with a monomial denominator
● Rationalize denominators using the conjugate (6)
● Rational Exponents and Higher Order Radicals
● Simplify nth roots (5)
● Operations with nth roots
● Switch between radical and rational exponent form (8)
● Evaluate expressions with rational exponents (5)
1.4 Polynomials
● Properties of Polynomials
● Identify the degree and leading coefficient of a polynomial (20)
● Identify monomials, binomials, and trinomials (20)
● Operations on Polynomials
● Add and subtract polynomials (40)
● Multiply binomials together (20)
● Multiply polynomials together (20)
● Perform operations with polynomials of several variables
1.5 Factoring Polynomials
● Factor Quadratics
● Factor the greatest common factor of a polynomial (20)
● Factor a trinomial (20)
● Factor a trinomial by grouping (5)
● Factor Quadratics with Special Products
● Factor a perfect square trinomial (20)
● Factor a difference of squares (20)
● Factor Cubics
● Factor a cubic by grouping (6)
● Factor the sum and difference of cubes (20, 20)
● Factor Expressions with Fractional or Negative Exponents
● Factor expressions using fractional or negative exponents
● Factor expressions using greatest common factor and other technique (6)
1.6 Rational Expressions
● Multiply and Divide Rational Expressions
● Simplify rational expressions (5)
● Multiply rational expressions (6)
● Divide rational expressions (6)
● Add and Subtract Rational Expressions and Simplify Complex Rational Expressions
● Add and subtract rational expressions (40)
 ● Simplify complex rational expressions

Chapter 2: Equations and Inequalities

2.1 The Rectangular Coordinate Systems and Graphs
● Cartesian Coordinates and Distances
● Plot ordered pairs in a Cartesian coordinate system (5)
● Graph equations by plotting points
● Use the distance formula, given two points (20)
● Use the midpoint formula (20)
2.2 Linear and Rational Equations in One Variable
● Solve Linear Equations in One Variable
● Identify identity, conditional, and inconsistent equations
● Solve equations in one variable algebraically, variable just on one side (40)
● Solve equations in one variable algebraically, variable on both sides (40)
● Solve Rational Equations
● Solve a rational equation, monomials in denominator (6)
● Solve a rational equation, binomials in denominator
● Solve a rational equation, requires factoring to find least common denominator (5)
● Identify Slopes and Intercepts
● Find the slope of a line given two points (5)
● Understand the relationship between the slope and y-intercept of a line and its equation
(40)
● Find x -intercepts and y -intercepts (6)
● Find Linear Equations
● Find equation of a line, in slope-intercept form, given slope and one point (point-slope
formula) (40)
● Find equation, in slope-intercept form, of a line passing through two given points (5)
● Given slope and intercept, find the equation of a line and write it in standard form (20)
● Find the equation of vertical and horizontal lines (40)
● Parallel and Perpendicular Lines
● Given the equations of two lines, determine whether their graphs are parallel or
perpendicular (40)
● Write the equation of a line parallel to a given line (40)
● Write the equation of a line perpendicular to a given line (40)
2.3 Models and Applications
● Word Problems with Linear Equations
● Set up a linear equation to solve a real-world application (40)
● Translate verbal expressions into mathematical expressions (40)
● Use a formula to solve a real-world application (40)
● Problem Solving
● Solve simple interest applications
● Solve a formula for a specified variable
● Use a formula to solve a geometric application
● Use the Pythagorean theorem (5)
2.4 Complex Numbers
● Basics of Complex Numbers
● Express the square root of a negative number as a multiple of i (6)
● Simplify powers of i (20)
● Operations on Complex Numbers
● Add and subtract complex numbers (40)
● Multiply a complex number by a real number (20)
● Multiply two complex numbers (20)
● Divide two complex numbers (20)
2.5 Quadratic Equations
● Solve Quadratic Equations by Factoring
● Solve quadratic equations by factoring, leading coefficient 1 (5)
● Solve quadratic equations by factoring, leading coefficient > 1 (5)
● Complete the Square
● Solve quadratic equations by the square root property (20)
● Solve quadratic equations by completing the square (5)
● Quadratic Formula
● Use the discriminant to classify the solutions of a quadratic equation (6)
● Solve quadratic equations by using the quadratic formula (20)
2.6 Other Types of Equations
● Solve Higher Order Equations with Factoring
● Solve equations by factoring out the greatest common factor (5)
● Solve equations by factoring with grouping (6)
● Solve Equations Quadratic in Form by Factoring
● Solve fourth-degree equation in quadratic form (5)
● Solve quadratic with binomial (5)
● Solve Radical Equations
● Solve radical equations with a single radical (20)
● Solve radical equations with two radicals (20)
● Solve Other Types of Equations
● Solve equations using reciprocal exponents
● Solve equations involving rational exponents by factoring out the greatest common factor
(5)
● Solve rational equation which leads to a quadratic (5)
2.7 Linear Inequalities and Absolute Value Inequalities
● Interval Notation and Inequalities
● Use interval notation
● Use properties of inequalities (40)
● Solve simple inequalities in one variable algebraically (5)
● Solve compound inequalities in one variable algebraically (40)
● Absolute Value Equations and Inequalities
● Solve absolute value equations
● Solve absolute value inequalities
 ● Applications with Linear Inequalities
● Translate words to an inequality and solve applications with linear inequalities
● Solve applications with compound inequalities
● Solve applications with absolute value
2.8 Inequalities Requiring Factoring
● Rational and Quadratic Inequalities
● Solve quadratic inequalities in one variable, graph the solution set, and express the
solution set using interval notation
● Solve inequalities that involve rational expressions, graph the solution sets, and express
the solution set using interval notation

Chapter 3: Functions
3.1 Functions and Function Notation
● Relations and Functions
● Identify domain and range from a set of ordered pairs (20)
● Determine whether a relation represents a function (40)
● Use the vertical line test to identify functions (10)
● One-to-One Functions
● Determine whether a function is one-to-one (40)
● Use the horizontal line test to identify one-to-one functions (10)
● Function Notation
● Evaluate a function using function notation (40)
● Solve a function using function notation (20)
● Evaluate or solve a function from a table (40)
● Evaluate or solve a function from a graph (10)
3.2 Absolute Value Functions and Other Toolkit Functions
● Graph Absolute Value Functions
● Graph an absolute value function
● Toolkit Functions
● Identify graphs of toolkit functions (5)
3.3 Domain and Range
● Domain and Range of Functions
● Find the domain of a function defined by an equation (40)
● Find the domain and range of a function defined by a graph
● Piecewise Functions
● Graph piecewise-defined functions
● Evaluate piecewise-defined functions
3.4 Rates of Change and Behavior of Graphs
● Graphical Properties of Functions
● Use a graph to locate the absolute maximum and absolute minimum (5)
● Use a graph to determine intervals of increase and decrease (24)
● Use a graph to determine local extrema
 ● Find the average rate of change of a function
● Difference Quotients
● Determine the difference quotient (40)
3.5 Composition of Functions
● Combinations of Functions
● Combine functions using algebraic operations (40)
● Create a new function by composition of functions (40)
● Evaluate Composite Functions
● Evaluate composite functions given a table of values (10)
● Evaluate composite functions given the graph of functions
● Evaluate composite functions given explicit functions
● Properties of Composite Functions
● Find the domain of a composite function
● Decompose a composite function into its component functions (40)
3.6 Function Graphs and Transformations
● Transformations of Functions
● Graph functions using vertical and horizontal shifts (5)
● Graph functions using reflections about the x-axis and the y-axis (5)
● Graph functions using compressions and stretches (5)
● Combine transformations (6)
● Even and Odd Functions
● Determine whether a function is even, odd, or neither from its graph (10)
● Determine whether a function is even, odd, or neither given algebraically (40)
3.7 Inverse Functions
● Inverse Function Values
● Verify inverse function ordered pairs (10)
● Given graph of a function, find value of inverse function
● Given table of values of a function, find value of inverse function
● Find Inverse Functions
● Verify inverse function pairs algebraically
● Determine the domain and range of an inverse function, and restrict the domain of a
function to make it one-to-one (5)
● Given function, find the inverse function
● Use the graph of a one-to-one function to graph its inverse function on the same axes (5)
3.8 Circles
● Graphs of Circles
● Given the equation of a circle not in standard form, determine the standard form by
completing the square (5)
● Determine the center and radius of a circle from the standard equation of a circle and
sketch its graph (40)

Chapter 4: Linear Functions and Modeling

4.1 Linear Functions
● Interpretations of Linear Functions
 ● Represent a linear function in table form (40)
● Determine whether a linear function is increasing, decreasing, or constant (40)
● Interpret slope as a rate of change (5)
● Represent a real-world application as a linear function (5)
● Graph linear functions (6)
4.2 Modeling with Linear Functions
● Application of Linear Functions
● Build linear models from verbal descriptions, given a y-intercept (40)
● Build linear models from verbal descriptions, given inputs and outputs (40)
● Use a diagram to build a model (10, 10)
● Model a set of data with a linear function (33)
4.3 Fitting Linear Models to Data
● Scatter Diagrams and Lines of Best Fit
● Draw and interpret scatter diagrams (10, 10)
● Distinguish between linear and nonlinear relations (10, 10)
● Linear Regressions
● Find the line of best fit using a graphing utility (5)
● Use the line of best fit to make predictions (5)

Chapter 5: Polynomial and Rational Functions

5.1 Quadratic Functions
● Characteristics of Parabolas
● Determine axis of symmetry and vertex of parabolas from a graph (6)
● Determine x- and y-intercepts of parabolas from a graph (6)
● Find the direction a parabola opens and its axis of symmetry and vertex from the general
form of its equation
● Identify the axis of symmetry and vertex of a parabola from its equation in standard form
● Graphs of Quadratic Functions
● Write the equation of a quadratic function given vertex and a point on a graph (5)
● Write the equation of a quadratic function given intercepts on a graph (5)
● Write the equation of a quadratic function in standard form given the equation in general
form (5)
● Applications of Quadratic Functions
● Find the domain and range of a quadratic function (5)
● Determine the maximum and minimum values of quadratic functions (40)
● Find the x- and y-intercepts of a quadratic function
● Use a quadratic function to model projectile motion (40)
● Quadratic Regressions
● Find the parabola of best fit using a graphing utility (5)
● Use the parabola of best fit to make predictions
5.2 Graphs of Polynomial and Power Functions
● End Behavior of Polynomial Functions
● Identify power functions and polynomial functions (5)
● Identify if a graph is a polynomial function (5)
 ● Determine end behavior (40)
● Local Behavior of Polynomial Functions
● Identify intercepts of polynomial functions in factored form
● Understand the relationship between degree, turning points, and x-intercepts (5)
● Understand the intermediate value theorem
● Use factoring to find zeros of polynomial functions
● Identify zeros and their multiplicities from an equation or a graph (6)
● Write and Graph Polynomial Functions
● Draw conclusions about a polynomial function from a graph (5)
● Graph polynomial functions (5)
● Write a formula for a polynomial function from a graph (5)
● Determine equation of a polynomial given key information
5.3 Dividing Polynomials
● Long Division of Polynomials
● Use long division to divide polynomials (40)
● Use polynomial division to solve application problems (40)
● Synthetic Division and Remainder Theorem
● Use synthetic division to divide polynomials (40)
● Evaluate a polynomial using the remainder theorem (40)
5.4 Zeros of Polynomial Functions
● Rational Zeros of Polynomial Functions
● Use the factor theorem to solve a polynomial equation (40)
● Use the rational zero theorem to find rational zeros (40)
● Solve real-world applications of polynomial equations (40)
● Complex Zeros of Polynomial Functions
● Find zeros of polynomial functions with complex zeros (40)
● Use the linear factorization theorem to find polynomials with given zeros (40)
● Use Descartes' rule of signs (40)
5.5 Rational Functions
● Asymptotic Behavior of Rational Functions
● Identify removable discontinuities of rational functions
● Identify horizontal asymptotes of rational functions (40)
● Identify slant asymptotes of rational functions (10, 10)
● Use arrow notation to describe local behavior and end behavior of rational functions (5)
● Identify vertical asymptotes of rational functions (40)
● Graphs and Applications of Rational Functions
● Solve applied problems involving rational functions (40)
● Find the intercepts of a rational function (40)
● Graph rational functions
● Find the equation of a rational function from a graph
5.6 Inverses and Radical Functions
● Inverses of Polynomial Functions
● Find the inverse of an invertible polynomial function (40)
● Restrict the domain to find the inverse of a polynomial function (40)
 ● Solve an application with the inverse of a function (40)
● Inverses of Radical and Rational Functions
● Find the inverse of a square root function (20)
● Find the inverse of a cube root function (20)
● Find the value of an inverse radical function (40)
● Find the domain of a radical function composed with a rational function (5)
● Find the inverse of a rational function (5)
5.7 Modeling Using Variation
● Direct and Inverse Variation
● Solve direct variation problems (40)
● Solve inverse variation problems (40)
● Solve problems involving joint variation (40)

Chapter 6: Exponential and Logarithmic Functions

6.1 Exponential Functions
● Evaluate and Write Exponential Functions
● Identify exponential functions (40)
● Evaluate exponential functions (40)
● Find the equation of an exponential function given the initial value and a point (40)
● Find the equation of an exponential function when the initial value is not known (40)
● Applications of Exponential Functions and Base e
● Find the equation of an exponential function in a word problem context
● Calculate compound interest (40)
● Evaluate exponential functions with base e (20)
● Calculate continuous growth and decay (40)
6.2 Graphs of Exponential Functions
● Exponential Function Graphs
● Graph exponential functions
● Graph exponential functions using transformations (5)
● Find the equation of an exponential function given a graph (5)
● Write an exponential function from a description (40)
6.3 Logarithmic Functions
● Relate Logarithms and Exponents
● Convert from logarithmic to exponential form (40)
● Convert from exponential to logarithmic form (40)
● Evaluate Logarithmic Expressions
● Evaluate logarithms with positive integer solutions (40)
● Evaluate logarithms with negative integer solutions
● Use common logarithms (40)
● Use natural logarithms (40)
6.4 Graphs of Logarithmic Functions
● Logarithmic Function Graphs
● Identify the domain of a logarithmic function (40)
● Graph logarithmic functions (5)
 ● Graph transformations of logarithmic functions (5)
● Write a logarithmic function from a description (40)
6.5 Logarithmic Properties
● Basic Properties of Logarithms
● Understand the basic properties of logarithms (40)
● Use the product rule for logarithms (40)
● Use the quotient rule for logarithms (40)
● Use the power rule for logarithms (40)
● Rewrite Logarithmic Expressions Using Properties
● Expand logarithmic expressions (40)
● Condense logarithmic expressions (40)
● Use the change-of-base formula for logarithms (40)
6.6 Exponential and Logarithmic Equations
● Solve Exponential Equations
● Use like bases to solve exponential equations (40)
● Rewrite equations so all powers have the same base and solve exponential equations
(40)
● Use logarithms to solve exponential equations (40)
● Solve an equation with a base e using natural logarithms (40)
● Solve Logarithmic Equations
● Use the definition of a logarithm to solve logarithmic equations
● Use logarithm properties and the definition of the logarithm to solve logarithmic equations
(40)
● Use the one-to-one property of logarithms to solve logarithmic equations (40)
6.7 Exponential and Logarithmic Models
● Applications of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
● Model exponential growth (40)
● Model exponential decay (40)
● Applied logarithmic models (40)
● Choose an appropriate model for data (40)
● Express an exponential model in base e (5)
6.8 Fitting Exponential Models to Data
● Exponential and Logarithmic Regressions
● Build an exponential model from data using a graphing utility
● Build a logarithmic model from data using a graphing utility
● Logistic Growth Models
● Use logistic growth models (5)
● Build a logistic model from data using a graphing utility

Chapter 7: Right Triangle Trigonometry and the Unit Circle

7.1 Angles as Rotations and Arc Length
● Angles as Rotations and Radian Measures
● Identify the measure of positive and negative angles in standard position and the
quadrant of the terminal side
 ● Convert between degree and radian measure of an angle (20)
● Understand when two angles are coterminal
● Arc Length and Area of a Sector
● Find the length of an arc (40)
● Find the area of a sector of a circle (40)
● Understand the relationship between linear and angular speed (40)
7.2 Right Triangle Trigonometry
● The Six Trigonometric Ratios
● Use right triangles to evaluate sine, cosine, and tangent functions
● Evaluate reciprocal trigonometric functions using right triangles or a sine, cosine, or
tangent function (3, 3)
● Evaluate trigonometric functions of angles not in standard position (5)
● Use Right Triangle Trigonometry in Solving Problems
● Find missing side lengths using trig ratios (5)
● Use right triangle trigonometry to solve applied problems (5)
7.3 The Unit Circle
● Sine and Cosine Values in the First Quadrant
● Understand sine and cosine values on the unit circle (40)
● Find exact sine and cosine values for angles in the first quadrant of the unit circle (40)
● Sine and Cosine Values with Reference Angles
● Find the reference angle for a given angle (40)
● Use reference angles to evaluate sine and cosine functions
● Use reference angles to find coordinates on the unit circle (40)
● Evaluate sine and cosine functions with a calculator (40)
7.4 The Other Trigonometric Functions
● The Other Trigonometric Ratios on the Unit Circle
● Find the secant, cosecant, tangent, and cotangent values for angles in the first quadrant
of the unit circle (40)
● Use reference angles to evaluate secant, cosecant, tangent, and cotangent functions (40)
● Evaluate trigonometric functions with a calculator (40)
● Use Given Trigonometric Ratios to Find Other Ratios
● Understand the relationship between the quadrant in which an angle falls and the signs of
the trig functions of that angle (31)
● Use the pythagorean identity (40)
● Find the values of all trigonometric functions given coordinates on a unit circle (40)
● Find the values of all trigonometric functions given the value of one trigonometric function
(40)

Chapter 8: Periodic Functions

8.1 Sine and Cosine Graphs
● Characteristics of Sine and Cosine Graphs
● Graph the sine function and understand its properties (40)
● Graph the cosine function and understand its properties (40)
● Transformations of Sine and Cosine Graphs
 ● Determine the period and amplitude of a sinusoidal function (40)
● Determine the phase shift and vertical shift of a sinusoidal function (40)
● Graph Sine and Cosine Functions
● Find the equation of a sinusoidal function given a graph
● Find the graph of a sinusoidal function given equation (5)
● Use sinusoidal functions to solve real-world applications (40)
8.2 Graphs of Other Trigonometric Functions
● Characteristics of Tangent and Cotangent Graphs
● Graph tangent functions
● Graph cotangent functions
● Transformations of Tangent and Cotangent Functions
● Graph tangent or cotangent functions over different periods (5)
● Graph transformations of tangent and cotangent functions (5)
● Characteristics of Secant and Cosecant Graphs
● Graph cosecant functions
● Graph secant functions
● Graph Secant and Cosecant Functions
● Graph transformations of cosecant functions (5)
● Graph transformations of secant functions (5)
● Find the equation of a cosecant function from a graph
● Find the equation of a secant function from a graph
8.3 Inverse Trigonometric Functions
● Introduction to Inverse Trigonometric Functions
● Understand inverse sine, cosine, and tangent functions (24)
● Understand inverse secant, cosecant, and cotangent functions (23)
● Use a calculator to evaluate inverse trigonometric functions (40)
● Solve Triangles with Inverse Trigonometric Functions
● Find an angle given two sides of a right triangle
● Solve right triangle problems (5)
● Compose Functions with Inverse Trigonometric Functions
● Evaluate composite functions with inverse trigonometric functions in the form f(f-1(x)) or
f(g-1(x)) (40)
● Evaluate composite functions with inverse trigonometric functions in the form f-1(f(x)) or
f-1(g(x)) (40)

Chapter 9: Trigonometric Identities and Equations

9.1 Fundamental Trigonometric Identities
● Simplify Expressions with Basic Trigonometric Identities
● Understand quotient and reciprocal identities
● Use even and odd identities in simplifying trigonometric expressions (5)
● Use Pythagorean and Cofunction Identities
● Understand all forms of the pythagorean identity (40)
● Use the cofunction identities (40)
● Verify Trigonometric Identities
 ● Use all identities to simplify trigonometric expressions (5)
● Use algebraic techniques to simplify trigonometric expressions (5)
9.2 Sum and Difference Identities
● Sum and Difference Formulas
● Use the sum and difference formula for cosine (40)
● Use the sum and difference formula for sine (40)
● Use the sum and difference formula for tangent (40)
● Use the sum and difference formulas to simplify trigonometric expressions (5)
9.3 Double-Angle, Half-Angle, and Reduction Formulas
● Double-Angle Formulas
● Use double-angle formulas to find values of trigonometric functions (40)
● Use double-angle formulas to simplify trigonometric expressions (5)
● Half-Angle and Power-Reduction Formulas
● Use reduction formulas to simplify an expression
● Use half-angle formulas to find values of trigonometric functions (40)
9.4 Sum-to-Product and Product-to-Sum Formulas
● Sum-to-Product and Product-to-Sum Formulas
● Express the product of trigonometric functions as a sum (40)
● Express sums of trigonometric functions as a product (40)
9.5 Solving Trigonometric Equations
● Trigonometric Equations in Sine and Cosine
● Solve linear trigonometric equations in sine (40)
● Solve linear trigonometric equations in cosine (5)
● Trigonometric Equations Involving a Single Trigonometric Function
● Solve linear trigonometric equations in secant and cosecant (40)
● Solve linear trigonometric equations in tangent and cotangent (40)
● Solve trigonometric equations using a calculator (40)
● Trigonometric Equations in Quadratic Form or Requiring Factoring
● Solve equations with a single trigonometric function (40)
● Solve factorable trigonometric equations in quadratic form (40)
● Solve trigonometric equations in quadratic form requiring the quadratic formula (40)
● Trigonometric Equations Requiring Identities or Multiple Angles
● Solve trigonometric equations using fundamental identities
● Solve trigonometric equations with multiple angles (40)
● Solve trigonometric equations using cofunction identities (40)

Chapter 10: Further Applications of Trigonometry

10.1 Non-right Triangles - Law of Sines
● Law of Sines
● Use the law of sines to solve ASA or AAS triangles
● Use the law of sines to solve SSA triangles
● Solve applied problems with the law of sines (5)
10.2 Non-right Triangles - Law of Cosines and Area of Oblique Triangles
● Law of Cosines
 ● Use the law of cosines to solve SAS triangles (5)
● Use the law of cosines to solve SSS triangles (5)
● Solve applied problems with the law of cosines (5)
● Area of Oblique Triangles
● Find the area of an oblique triangle using the sine function
● Use Heron's formula to find the area of a triangle
10.3 Polar Coordinates
● Convert Coordinates Between Rectangular and Polar Forms
● Plot points using polar coordinates (5)
● Convert from polar coordinates to rectangular coordinates (20)
● Convert from rectangular coordinates to polar coordinates
● Convert Equations Between Rectangular and Polar Forms
● Write a cartesian equation in polar form (40)
● Write a polar equation in cartesian form (40)
10.4 Graphs in Polar Coordinates
● Introductions to Graphing Polar Equations
● Test a polar equation for symmetry
● Find zeros and maximum values for a polar equation and graph polar equations by
plotting points
● Graph a circle or a line from a polar equation
● Graph Classic Polar Curves
● Graph a cardioid from a polar equation (5)
● Graph a limacon from a polar equation (5)
● Graph a lemniscate from a polar equation (5)
● Graph a rose curve from a polar equation (5)
10.5 Polar Form of Complex Numbers
● Write Complex Numbers in Polar Form
● Plot complex numbers (5)
● Find the absolute value of a complex number (20)
● Write complex numbers in polar form
● Convert a complex number from polar to rectangular form (20)
● Product and Quotient of Complex Numbers in Polar Form
● Find the product of complex numbers in polar form (20)
● Find the quotient of complex numbers in polar form (20)
● Powers and Roots of Complex Numbers in Polar Form
● Find powers of complex numbers in polar form
● Find roots of complex numbers in polar form
10.6 Parametric Equations
● Write Parametric Equations
● Parameterize a curve (40)
● Find the parametric equations for a line segment given an orientation (40)
● Eliminate the Parameter
● Eliminate the parameter in linear equations (40)
● Eliminate the parameter in polynomial and radical equations (8)
 ● Eliminate the parameter in exponential and logarithmic equations (40)
● Eliminate the parameter in trigonometric parametric equations (40)
10.7 Graphs with Parametric Equations
● Graph Parametric Equations
● Graph parametric equations by plotting points
● Graph trigonometric parametric equations by plotting points
● Use parametric equations in applications (40)
10.8 Vectors
● Properties of Vectors
● Understand properties of vectors and find the position vector
● Find magnitude and direction of a vector
● Vector Additions and Scalar Multiplication
● Add or subtract vectors (20)
● Multiply a vector by a scalar (20)
● Use vector addition and scalar multiplication to find a new vector (5)
● The Unit Vector
● Write a vector in terms of i and j (20)
● Find the unit vector (20)
● Perform operations on vectors in terms of i and j (20)
● Write a vector in terms of magnitude and direction (5)
● The Dot Product and Vector Applications
● Find the dot product of two vectors (20)
● Find the angle between two vectors (20)
● Use vectors in applications (40)

Chapter 11: Systems of Equations and Inequalities

11.1 Systems of Linear Equations in Two Variables
● Graphing Systems of Linear Equations
● Determine whether an ordered pair is a solution to a system of equations (40)
● Solve systems of equations in two variables by graphing
● Solving Systems of Linear Equations
● Solve systems of equations in two variables by substitution (5)
● Solve systems of equations in two variables by addition
● Identify inconsistent and dependent systems of equations containing two variables, and
express the solution of dependent equations
● Applications of Systems of Linear Equations
● Use systems of equations to investigate profits (40)
● Write and solve a system of equations in two variables from a word problem (40)
● Linear Inequalities in Two Variables
● Solve a linear inequality in two variables by graphing
● Solve a linear system of inequalities by graphing
11.2 Systems of Linear Equations in Three Variables
● Systems of Linear Equations in Three Variables
● Determine whether an ordered triple is a solution to a system (20)
 ● Solve systems of three equations in three variables (20)
● Identify inconsistent and dependent systems of equations containing three variables, and
express the solution of a system of dependent equations
11.3 Systems of Nonlinear Equations in Two Variables
● Systems of Two Nonlinear Equations
● Solve a system of nonlinear equations representing a parabola and a line (5)
● Solve a system of nonlinear equations representing a circle and a line
● Solve a system of nonlinear equations in two variables using elimination (5)
● Graphing Nonlinear Inequalities and Systems of Inequalities
● Graph a nonlinear inequality (5)
● Graph a system of nonlinear inequalities (6)
11.4 Partial Fractions
● Partial Fraction Decomposition with Linear Factors
● Decompose a rational expression where the denominator has only nonrepeated linear
factors (40)
● Decompose a rational expression where the denominator has repeated linear factors (40)
● Partial Fraction Decomposition with Quadratic Factors
● Decompose a rational expression where the denominator has a nonrepeated irreducible
quadratic factor (40)
● Decompose a rational expression where the denominator has a repeated irreducible
quadratic factor (40)
11.5 Matrices and Matrix Operations
● Introduction to Matrices
● Determine the order of a matrix and describe elements within a matrix (40)
● Add or subtract matrices (40)
● Matrix Multiplication
● Multiply a matrix by a scalar (40)
● Find the sum or difference of scalar multiples (40)
● Multiply two matrices (40)
11.6 Augmented Matrices and Gaussian Elimination
● Solving Systems with Gaussian Eliminations
● Convert between a system of equations and its corresponding augmented matrix (40)
● Use row operations to solve a system of linear equations in two variables (40)
● Use row operations to solve a system of linear equations in three variables (40)
● Use matrices to solve applications of systems of linear equations (40)
● Solving Systems with Gauss-Jordan Elimination
● Use Gauss-Jordan elimination to solve a system of linear equations
11.7 Determinants of Matrices and the Inverse Matrix
● Finding Determinants of Matrices
● Find the determinant of a 2x2 matrix (40)
● Find the determinant of a 3x3 matrix (40)
● Inverse and Identity Matrices
● Understand the identity matrix and how it relates to the inverse matrix (40)
● Determine if a matrix is invertible using the determinant (40)
 ● Find the inverse of a 2x2 matrix (40)
● Find the inverse of a 3x3 matrix (40)
● Solving Systems with Inverses
● Solve a system of linear equations using the inverse of a 2x2 matrix (40)
● Solve a system of linear equations using the inverse of a 3x3 matrix (40)
11.8 Cramer’s Rule
● Solving Systems with Cramer’s Rule
● Use Cramer’s rule to solve a system of two equations in two variables (40)
● Use Cramer’s rule to solve a system of three equations in three variables (40)
● Use Cramer’s rule to solve inconsistent or dependent systems (40)
11.9 Linear Programming
● Using Linear Programming
● Graph a feasible region given a set of constraints (5)
● Find the maximum value of an objective function given constraints by graphing
● Solve application problems using linear programming

Chapter 12: Conic Sections

12.1 Ellipses
● Ellipses Centered at the Origin
● Identify key points and axes of ellipses from a graph (5)
● Identify key points and axes of ellipses from an equation
● Write the equation in standard form of an ellipse centered at the origin (5)
● Graph an ellipse centered at the origin from an equation in standard form (5)
● Ellipses Not Centered at the Origin
● Identify key points and axes of ellipses not centered at the origin
● Write the equation in standard form of an ellipse not centered at the origin
● Graph an ellipse not centered at the origin (5)
● Ellipses Not in Standard Form and Applications of Ellipses
● Convert an equation of an ellipse into standard form (40)
● Graph an ellipse where the equation is not given in standard form (5)
● Use ellipses in applications (40)
12.2 Hyperbolas
● Hyperbolas Centered at the Origin
● Locate the vertices and foci of a hyperbola from a graph (5)
● Identify vertices, foci, and asymptotes of a hyperbola from an equation
● Write the equation of a hyperbola centered at the origin in standard form (5)
● Graph a hyperbola centered at the origin from an equation in standard form
● Hyperbolas Not Centered at the Origin
● Identify vertices, foci, and asymptotes of a hyperbola not centered at the origin
● Write the equation of a hyperbola not centered at the origin (5)
● Graph a hyperbola not centered at the origin from an equation in standard form (5)
● Hyperbolas Not in Standard Form and Applications of Hyperbolas
● Convert an equation of a hyperbola into standard form (40)
● Graph a hyperbola from an equation given in general form (5)
 ● Use hyperbolas in applications (40)
12.3 Parabolas
● Parabolas Centered at the Origin
● Identify key components of a parabola from a graph
● Identify key components of a parabola from an equation
● Graph a parabola centered at the origin
● Write the equation of a parabola centered at the origin in standard form
● Parabolas Not Centered at the Origin
● Identify key components of a parabola not centered at the origin
● Graph a parabola not centered at the origin (7)
● Write the equation of a parabola not centered at the origin in standard form (5)
● Parabolas Not in Standard Form and Applications of Parabolas
● Convert an equation of a parabola into standard form (40)
● Graph a parabola from an equation given in general form
● Use parabolas in applications (40)
12.4 Rotation of Axes
● Conics in General Form and Rotation of Conics
● Identify a conic from its general form (5)
● Find the location of a point after a rotation of axes
12.5 Conic Sections in Polar Coordinates
● Conic Sections in Polar Coordinates
● Identify the type of conic from its polar equation (5)
● Find the polar equation of a conic given its focus, eccentricity, and directrix (5)

Chapter 13: Sequences, Probability, and Counting Theory

13.1 Sequences
● Introduction to Sequences
● Write the terms of a sequence defined by an explicit formula
● Write the terms of a sequence defined by a piecewise explicit formula (5)
● Recursive Sequences
● Write the terms of a sequence defined by a recursive formula
● Write the terms of a sequence defined by a recursive formula with more than one initial
term (5)
13.2 Arithmetic Sequences
● Arithmetic Sequences
● Find the common difference of an arithmetic sequence (40)
● Write terms of an arithmetic sequence (20)
● Write a recursive formula for an arithmetic sequence (5)
● Write an explicit formula for an arithmetic sequence (5)
● Applications of Arithmetic Sequences
● Find specific terms of an arithmetic sequence given other terms (20)
● Solve application problems with arithmetic sequences (40)
13.3 Geometric Sequences
● Geometric Sequences
 ● Find the common ratio of a geometric sequence
● Write terms of a geometric sequence (40)
● Write a recursive formula for a geometric sequence (5)
● Write an explicit formula for a geometric sequence (5)
● Applications of Geometric Sequences
● Write an explicit formula for the nth term of a sequence
● Solve application problems with geometric sequences (40)
● Solve geometric sequence problems (5)
13.4 Series
● Summation Notation and Arithmetic Series
● Evaluate expressions using summation notation (40)
● Find the sum of a finite arithmetic series (40)
● Finite and Infinite Geometric Series
● Find the sum of a finite geometric series (40)
● Determine if the sum of an infinite series is defined (40)
● Find the sum of an infinite geometric series (40)
● Applications of Series
● Solve application problems with arithmetic series (40)
● Solve application problems with geometric series (40)
● Find the equivalent fraction for a repeating decimal (40)
● Solve an annuity problem (40)
13.5 Counting Theory
● The Addition and Multiplication Principles
● Solve counting problems using the addition principle
● Solve counting problems using the multiplication principle (40)
● Evaluate an expression with factorials (20)
● Permutations
● Find the number of permutations of n distinct objects using the multiplication principle (5)
● Find the number of permutations of n distinct objects using a formula (40)
● Find the number of permutations of n non-distinct objects (40)
● Combinations
● Find the number of combinations using the formula (40)
● Find the number of subsets of a set (20)
13.6 Binomial Theorem
● Binomial Expansion
● Find a binomial coefficient (20)
● Expand a binomial using the binomial theorem (20)
● Use the binomial theorem to find a single term
13.7 Probability
● Basic Probability
● Compute the probability of equally likely outcomes
● Compute the probability of the union of two events (40)
● Use the complement rule to compute probabilities (40)
● Compute probability using counting theory (40)
● Binomial Probability
● Identify a binomial experiment (5)
● Determine the binomial probability of success in an experiment performed multiple times