Date: …………………………
EXPERIMENT 13
Aim: Simultaneous estimation of multi component containing formulations by UV
spectrophotometry
References:
[1] Indian Pharmacopoeia. Ghaziabad: The Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission, Govt. of India,
Ministry of Health and Family welfare, 2018, Vol 1:556
[2] Merk Index. An Encyclopedia of chemicals, drugs and biological. Research lab division of
Merk and co. inc. white house station:9642.
Theory:
UV-visible spectroscopy is a highly used, rapid and accurate method for quantitative estimation.
The principle of this technique is that the amount of absorbed light is directly proportional to
the concentration of the analyte and path length. A simultaneous equation is applied to estimate
the drugs, where the spectra of the drugs overlap appropriately. Multicomponent analysis is
performed at any degree of spectral overlap, provided that two or more spectra are not exactly
similar.
Ibuprofen chemically known as 2-(4-(2-methylpropyl) phenyl) propanoic acid. Ibuprofen is a
class of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs used to treat pain, fever, and inflammation. It
works by inhibiting COX-2, which reduces the synthesis of prostaglandins involved in
mediating pain and inflammation.
IUPAC Name: 2-(4-(2-methylpropyl) phenyl) propanoic acid
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Paracetamol is chemically known as N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) acetamide. It is an analgesic and
antipyretic. It acts primarily in the CNS, increasing the pain threshold by inhibiting COX-1,
COX-2, and COX-3 enzyme isoforms.
IUPAC Name: N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) acetamide
A combination of Ibuprofen and Paracetamol has the ability to treat pain, fever and
inflammation associated with musculoskeletal and joint disease.
Requirements:
Apparatus: Spatula, Volumetric flask, Measuring cylinder, Filter paper, Butter paper
Equipments: UV-Visible spectrophotometry, Electronic balance
Chemicals: Ibuprofen powder, Paracetamol powder, Distilled water, Ethanol, Methanol,
Tablets of Ibuprofen and Paracetamol
Procedure:
Selection of solvent and wavelength:
First, Ibuprofen and Paracetamol is dissolved in a solvent, one of the solvent taken is
distilled water.
Record the UV spectrum of these two drugs (Ibuprofen and Paracetamol).
In water, maximum absorbance are determined of the drug in the solvent.
The absorbance is recorded, select 260 nm and 243 nm wavelengths, this is max for
Ibuprofen and Paracetamol respectively.
Preparation of standard stock solution:
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Weigh Ibuprofen and Paracetamol (10 mg each) separately.
Then these two drugs transfer into 100 ml volumetric flask.
Then dissolved them in distilled water to get the concentration 100 µg/ml.
Analysis of formulation:
Weigh 20 tablets, each should contain 40 mg of ibuprofen and Paracetamol.
Calculate the average weight of the tablets.
Dissolve the weighed tablets in distilled water to achieve the desired concentrations.
Adjust the volume to reach the desired concentrations.
Record absorbance at 260 nm for Ibuprofen and 243 nm for Paracetamol
Calculation:
Absorptivity=Absorbance/Concentration (µg/ml)
The amount of Ibuprofen and Paracetamol was calculated using a simultaneous equation
method.
Cx= A2ay1- A1ay2/ax2ay1-ax1ay1
Cy= A1ax2-A2ax1/ах2аy1-аx1ау1
where following symbols are
X: Paracetamol,
Y: Ibuprofen,
Cx: Concentration of Paracetamol,
Cy: Concentration of Ibuprofen,
ax1: Absorptivity of Paracetamol at 243 nm,
ах2: Absorptivity of Paracetamol at 260 nm,
ay1: Absorptivity of Ibuprofen at 243 nm,
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ay2: Absorptivity of Ibuprofen at 260 nm.
A1: Absorbance of mixture or sample at λ1 (Paracetamol)
A2: Absorbance of mixture or sample at λ2 (Ibuprofen)
Results:
After experiment, it was found that the absorbance values were:
ax1= 0.5640 nm
ах2= 0.3892 nm
ay1= 0.0441 nm
ay2= 0.0511 nm
A1= 0.3803 nm
A2= 0.2348 nm
After calculating from the above formula mentioned in the calculation, we found that the
concentration of paracetamol was 1.18 μg/ml and ibuprofen was 2.02 μg/ml.
Conclusion:
Attendance Journal Viva Total Sign
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