6. Th e te mp o ra ry se c re ta ry ................

so poorly
sin ce s he s ta rte d th a t I ................ forward to
the day when Miss Cla rk' ll return.

1. Wh en the En g lish .......... to settle In A) ha s b ee n p e rfo rmin g /a m lo o k ing

Aus tralia in 178 8, o the r co un tries a lready B) will have pe rfo rmed/looked
......... ab o u t th is b ig s ou th e rn is la n d. C) perfo rmed /wou ld look
D) wa s pe rfo rming /was loo k in g
E) ha d p e rfo rme d /ha ve lo ok ed
A) b e g in /k n o w
B) h a d b e g u n / wo u ld k n o w 7. such a
C) we re b e g in n in g /h a d k n o wn This is the first time I
D) wo u ld b eg in /ha ve k no wn formal letter.
E) b e g a n /k n e w
B) had written
A) have written C) will D) write
2. Ever since the collapse of the Soviet write
Union, rapidly changing political E) wrote
8.
b o u n da rie s in Ea s te rn Eu ro p e ..........
ma p ma k e rs b u s y . She............... her job three times just in the
last three months. I think she ought to
A) kept stick to Just one thing.
B) were keeping A) wa s cha ng ing
C) will have kept B) is cha ng ing
D) have b een keep ing C) h a d c h a n ge d
E) are keeping D) h as b e en c h a n g in g
E) h as c h an g e d
3. Th e en tire au d ien ce ........... in a p p la us e 9.
the min u te th e fin a l c u rta in ............. It was rev ea le d at th e tria l tha t the
a c c u s e d ma n .......... o u t o n th e n ig h t o f
A) had rise n/was fa lling the murder.
B) ha s rise n /fa lls
A) won't have gone
C) was ris in g /ha d fa lle n B) had n't go ne
D) rose/fell C) doesn't go
E) is ris ing /h as fa llen D) hasn' t g on e
E) wo uld n't have gon e
4. The to oth ........... me for qu ite so me time
when , a t las t, I .......... to see my den tist. 10. I' m rea lly so rry to have b rok en you r
crystal vase. It........... ou t o f my ha n d a s I
A) bo th e re d /ha d re so lv ed ......... it in to the ro o m.
B) wa s bo the ring /re so lv e
C) ha d b ee n bo th e rin g /res o lve d A) was s lip p ing /was b rin g in g
B) h a d s lip p e d /b ro u g h t
D) ha s b ee n b o the rin g /h a ve res o lv e d C) slip ped /was b rin ging
E) bothers/will resolve D) wo u ld s lip /b ro u g h t
E) h as s lip p e d /a m b rin g in g
5. I hope you ...........th e ac c o u n ts b y
midday , because the d irecto r genera l is to 11. He d ro ppe d ba ck o ne se mes te r, s o b y the
arrive then. time h e .......... fro m school in two
mo n ths , h is frie n ds .......... la w fo r a bou t
A) have checked five months.
B) will have checked
A) will g rad ua te /a re p ra c tis ing
C) had checked B) ha s g rad u a te d /will be p rac tis in g
D) will be checking C) g ra d ua te d /h a v e be e n p ra c tis in g
E) have b een c heck ing D) g ra d ua tes /will ha v e b ee n p ra c tis ing
E) h a d g rad u a te d /we re p ra c tis in g

ELS ü 81

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12. Have you decided In which sector you 18. Until the disaster, no one huge that the
........ for a job when you........... ? oceanliner Titanic ...
A) loo k ed /g rad ua te d A) h a d th o u g h t / wo u ld s i n k
B) will loo k/ha ve gra dua ted B) thought/sank
C) hav e bee n loo k ing /g rad ua te C) wa s t h in k i n g /c a n s i n k
D) loo k /a re g ra d ua tin g D) h as th o u g h t/wil l s in k
E) ha d lo o ke d /wo u ld g rad u a te E) will think/has sunk - ...

13. When the po lice a rrived, the dive r .......... 19. I didn't notice as I ...........th e ca r in th e
already .......... the body ou t o f the rive r ga rag e tha t fue l ...........fro m u n d e rn e a th
an d it........... on the g rou nd . it.

A) has/pulled/lay A) hav e le ft/d rip pe d

B) is/pulling/has been lying B) was leaving /will drip
C) would/pull/were lying C) leave /is d rip ping
D) was/pulling/had lain D) left/was d ripp ing
E) had/pulled/was lying E) wo u ld lea v e /h ad d rip pe d

20. He still ca n't s leep p rop erly because o f

14. "How long ............ you .............in Ankara?" th e ba d me mo ries o f the wa r, a ltho ug h it
"For a few days only. I expect to be back ......... nearly a year since he ..........
here before the weekend." home.
A) did/sta y A) is /wo u ld re tu rn
B) we re /s ta y ing B) h a s b e e n / r e t u rn e d
C) ha ve /b ee n s ta y in g C) will b e /re tu rn s
D) d o /s ta y ' D) was/had returned
:
E) will/stay ' E) h a d b e e n / wa s re tu rn in g
15. "How long ........... you ............ fo r th at 21. The pop ula tion of the c ity ........... so
company?" rap id ly in rec e n t y ea rs th a t th e
"For more than ten years no w." municipality ......... difficulty supplying
infrastructure services for all the people.
A) will/be wo rking
B) hav e/bee n wo rking A) h as in c re as e d /is h a v in g
C) h a d /wo rk e d B) inc rea se d /will ha ve h ad
D) a re /wo rk ing C) is in c re a s i n g /h a s h a d
E) d id /wo rk D) wa s in c re a s in g / h a d
E) wo u l d h a v e in c re a s e d /h a d h a d
16. They .......... th re e mee tin gs o n this
subjec t in th e last two mo nths , bu t s till 22 . Ca n y o u h ea r wh a t Alan an d J ac k .
........ an ag re e me n t. abo u t s o in tima te ly in th at c o rn er?

A) h e ld /d o n' t re a c h A) were talking

B) h a d h e ld / d id n ' t re a c h B) ha d b ee n ta lk in g
C) will ha v e h e ld /h ad n' t rea ch e d C) have talked
D) a re ho ld ing /ca n' t rea c h D) talked
E) h a ve h e ld /h a ve n ' t re a ch e d E) are ta lking

at the 23. Afte r the acciden t, the taxi d rive r ......

17. Do you kn ow how fast he the bicyclist of not looking where he
time of the acciden t?

A) has been d riving A) ac c u se d /wa s g o in g

B) drove B) will ha v e a cc us ed /we n t
C) was driving C) h a d a c c us e d /wo u ld b e g o in g
D) will have driven D) wa s a c c u s in g / h a s g o n e
E) had d riven E) wo u ld ac c use /h as b ee n go in g

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24. Wh en the th ie ves .......... In to ou r h ouse, 30. The children playing noisily in the garden
th ey ...........£ 5,000 and all my jewellery. .........in a few seconds when the old man
on the second floor .......... at them
A) we re b rea k ing /ha d s to len angrily.
B) b rok e /s to le
A) v a n is h e d /s h o u te d
C) are bre aking /will stea l B) will v a n is h /h a d s h o u te d
D) ha ve b ro ke n /h a ve s to le n C) h a v e v a n is h e d /s h o u ts
E) h a d b ro ke n /wo u ld s te a l D) a re v a n is h in g /h a s s h o u te d
E) h a d v a n is h e d / wa s s h o u t in g
25. I recogn ized the bo y at once, because I
........ him In ou r ne ig hb ou rh oo d sev e ra l 31. Despite the slugg ishness of world trade,
times before. the volu me o f Latin Ame rican expo rts
......... by 9 % In e ac h o f the pa st two
B) met years.
At would meet C) ha d D) have met
me t
E) meet A) will have grown
B) grows
C) has g ro wn
26. They...........something so Intently that D) used to gro w
they........... me. E) would grow

A) a re d is c u s s in g /h a d n ' t h e a rd 32. The wo rk me n ........... a valuab le old co in

B) we re d is c us s in g /d id n' t h e a r wh ile they .......... th e fou nda tio n o f the
C) d is c u s s e d /h a v e n ' t h e a rd hou se .
D) h a ve d is c us se d /wo u ld n ' t h e a r
E) wo u ld b e d is c uss in g /won ' t h ea r A) hav e fou nd /a re digg ing
B) had found/dug
C) fin d/ha ve be en d igg in g
27. Look at those children running barefoot! D) fou nd/we re d igg ing
They........... to mind that they ............ E) c o u ld fin d /h a d d u g
shoes.
33. With the memory of a painful defeat In
A) didn' t see m/we re n o t wea rin g mind, the ex-champion .......... tha t he
B) wo n ' t se e m/d o n ' t we a r ......... his revenge.
C) do n' t s ee m/a re no t we a ring
D) wouldn't seem/didn't wear A) would swear/took
E) hadn't seemed/wouldn't be wearing B) will swear/has taken
C) swore/is taking
D) has sworn/will take
28. Never drive your car before you ........... the E) had sworn/was ta king
tires.
34. You should cut down on your smoking.
A} had checked This is the sixth cigarette you ........... In
B) checked the last two hours.
C) are c heck ing
D) will check A) smoked
E) have c hecked B) have smoked
C) had smoked
D) are smoking
29. On the way to work yesterday, one of the E) will smoke
tires of the minibus burst suddenly.
Obviously, the driver........... th e m in five
properly before he ........... off. 35. It was the first time they
years of marriage.
A) didn't check/had set
B) hasn't checked/has set A) quarrelled
C) wouldn't check/was setting B) have quarrelled
D) doesn't check/has been setting C) are quarrelling
E) hadn't checked/set D) were quarrelling
E) had quarrelled

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36. It's on ly a fo rtnig ht sin ce he ...........here, 42. The president .......... for over an hour
so he ........... muc h s igh tsee ing ye t. when we finally .......... on the television to
watch.
A) h as c o me /d id n ' t d o
B) is co ming /can' t d o A) will be sp eak ing /will tu rn
C) c a m e /h a s n ' t d o n e B) will h a v e b e e n sp e a k in g /a re tu rn in g
D) will c o me/doesn't d o C) h a s b e e n s p e a k in g /h a v e tu rn e d
D) h a d b e e n s p e a k in g / tu rn e d
E) h a d c o me /h a d n ' t d o n e
E) will h a v e s p o k en /tu rn e d
37. We .......... almost half of the book so fa r, 43. When the teacher suddenly .......... the
a n d I th in k th e o th e r h a lf ..........us topic of our term paper, we...........
another two days. material for it for days already.
A) re a d/ca n ta ke A) changes/have been compiling
B) have read/will take B) will change/will have compiled
C) wi ll re a d /h a s ta k e n C) changed/had been compiling
D) h a d re a d / wo u ld ta k e D) has changed/will be compiling
E) a re re a d in g /s h o u ld ta k e E) had changed/would have compiled

38. The professor ...........monotonously and 44. It was the first time I ........... that dish, so
most of the students ............. it ......... as delicious as I thought it
would.
A) ta lk e d /ha v e s lep t
B) us e d to ta lk /h a d b e en s le e p in g A) c o ok e d /wa s n' t ta s tin g
C) had been talking/had slept B) wa s c oo k in g /wo u ld n ' t ta s te
C) h a d c o o k e d /d id n ' t ta s te
D) was talking/were sleeping
D) wo u l d c o o k /h a d n ' t ta s te d
E) has been talking/would be sleeping E) h a ve c o o ke d /d o e s n' t ta s te
39. While we........... down the path, we 45. We ........... relatively few problems since
unexpectedly .......... a deer. we .......... over this job.
A) were cycling/saw A) h a d h a d / we re ta k in g
B) cycled/were seeing B) h a d / h a v e ta k e n
C) h a d be e n c yc lin g /h a d s ee n C) a re h a v in g /ta k e
D) had c yc le d/wou ld see D) will ha v e /a re ta k ing
E) hav e bee n cy cling /se e E) h a v e h a d /t o o k

40. Th e a ba n d o n ed s h ip .......... at sea fo r 46. So fa r In o u r d isc uss io n, I mu st c on fess ,

wee ks wh e n a pas s in g s h ip ........... it by we .......... ou r a tte n tion o n th e triv ia l
chance. problems rather than on the major ones.

A) d rifte d /h a d s p o tte d A) ha ve co n ce n tra te d

B) was d rifting /wa s s po ttin g B) co nc e n tra ted
C) h as b e en d rif tin g /s p o ts C) a re co nc e n tra tin g
D) wo u ld h a v e d rifte d /h a s sp o tte d D) con cen tra te
E) ha d b ee n d rifting /sp o tted E) h a d be e n c on c e n tra tin g

47. I .......... a day o ff to mo rro w, bu t

41. Mak e su re th at e ve rybo dy ........... the un fo rtuna te ly, I .......... my c h a n ce b y
building before you .......... the main door. coming late today.
A) leaves/locked A) a m re q u e s tin g /a m g o in g to mis s
B) has left/lock B) re q u e s te d / wa s mis s in g
C) left/had locked C) h a ve b e e n re q ue s tin g /mis s
D) was leaving/would lock D) h a d re q u e s te d /h a d b e e n m is s in g
E) is leaving/have locked E) wa s g o in g to re q u es t/m is se d

84 ELS

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48. By the end of November, the television 54. She promised to fax me the document
company ........... this soap opera for twelve ........ she got to the office.
years.
A) at present C) no B) currently
A) has been broadcasting sooner D) the more
B) is broadcasting E) the
C) will have been broadcasting moment
D) was broadcasting
E) will be broadcasting 55. Our new partner was unwilling to sign
the agreement ......... he was completely
49. Can't you do anything about that tap in satisfied with all the conditions.
the kitchen? It ........... constantly for over B) by the time
A) because
a week and the s ound ........... me crazy. C) nevertheless D) until
E) after
A) had been dripping/will be driving
B) will be dripping/has driven 56. The director is glad he chose her for the
C) was dripping/had driven position, for the profits have been rising
D) has been dripping/is driving steadily ............she was put in charge.
E) is dripping/will have driven
A) as soon as C) even B) since
50. A friend of mine believes that they ............ though D) during
a way to stop aging before she ............ too E) by the
old. time

A) have found/got 57. The police took strict preventive measures

B) will have found/gets in order not to allow any incidents ............
the demonstration.
C) have been finding/was getting
D) were finding/has got A) while B) besides D) during
E) are finding/will get C) where E) when

58. In Europe and America,

young people
often start to live on their own ........... they
reach the age of 18.
A) so that B) while .
51. He had always been quite fond of meat C) by the time D) as if
......... he witnessed, in disgust, the E) once
slaughter of a sheep.
59 ............. I tried Indian food was on my last
B) afterwards birthday. I've been to the same restaurant
A) as soon as C) during D) when
E) until many times ..............

A) W hen/up to then
52. He has been a vegetarian ......... he B) At last/afterwards
witnessed the slaughter of a sheep. C) The first time/since
D) At first/so far '. .
A) B) since D) as E) The last time/before
after C) E) while
for 60. We had great difficulty sending magazines
53. Students usually find it really difficult to to our subscribers ............the postal
workers' strike.
understand the grammar, but ..........
they've grasped the principles, they begin A) for
to enjoy it. C) while B) as
D) despite
A) once B) by the time D) hardly E) during
C) until E) no sooner 61 ............. I go to that restaurant, I'll try a
dish I've never tasted before.

A) The last time B) Wherever

C) Besides D) The next time
E) The sooner

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88
62. The burglars stole the old lady's most 69........... he was told about the cancellation
treasured possessions, and she became of the design, the architect was well
very distressed.......... she described them advanced on it.
to the police. B) After
A) Hardly
A) as B) since C) As soon as D) By the time
C) owing to D) despite E) As
E) by the time
70 .......... the beginning of history, hunger
63. He had already lost confidence in himself has never been far from people's lives.
a long time ......... his wife abandoned
him. A) When B) For
C) Since D) While
A) ago B) before E) Despite
C) after D) immediately
E) earlier
64 ........... civilization began, gold has been
regarded as a symbol of power and
wealth.
71. As the plane flew across the Atlantic,
A) Since B) After
C) When D) As soon as
E) The sooner A) the cabin c rew will serve re fresh ments
B) we a re un ab le to se e v e ry muc h
65. The student worked .......... four o'clock in C) be ca us e o f th e a ir-tu rbu le nc e
the morning trying to finish the project, D) a h ija cke r th rea ten ed to b lo w it u p
but he still had to hand it in incomplete. E) th e p ilo t has to ld us to fas ten o u r
seat-belts
A) until B) before
C) during D) since 72. When I was sitting by the stream all
E) as long as alone the other day ...........
66. My father decided to take up jogging A) the dark shade of the trees had
......... his doctor warned him that he was sheltered me from the glaring
terribly unfit. afternoon sun
B) the sound of the flowing water will
A) even if B) by the time have taken me into the world of
C) owing to D) in contrast with dreams
E) after C) I found the deep silence really
soothing
67. It was .......... less than 500 years ago that D) I'm really fascinated by the scenery
astronomers were able to show that our there
world, together with the other planets, E) I've been trying to be able to do it
revolves around the Sun. again ever since
A) even B) only when D) no 73. He's been strictly observing the principles
then C) not sooner of a healthy diet .........
until E) immediately after
A) so that he wou ld be a ble to reco ver
68 .......... the people of an area cut down h is go o d h ea lth to so me e x te n t
trees and turn the land over to grazing or B) wh en h is do c to r wa rn e d h im a b ou t a
farming, they reduce the local animals' p ro b a b le he a rt a tta c k
food supply and destroy their natural C) after he received severe criticism from
habitat. h is do c to r a bo u t h is e a ting ha b its
D) un til he h as lo s t a s ma n y k ilo s as h is
A) Although C) Thus B) When doctor adv ised
E) By the time D) Whereas E) sin ce he wen t to see h is doc tor a bo u t
th e p a ins in h is c h es t

86 Q ELS

89
74 ............ for some time after the chairman 78. Ever since the government banned
closed the session. smoking In public places, .........

A) The members went on discussing A) there were protests every week for the
next 5 years
among themselves B) suppliers were furious and demanded
B) The decision won't have been made a change
public C) nobod y knew what the outcome for
C) He has sat in his office, reflecting on the tobacco industry would be
the outcome D) the plan for which was drawn up b y
D) We all agree that there should be the Minister of Health
another meeting E) smokers have felt that their freedom
is restricted
E) They have been informing all the
workers concerned 79. In the explosion at the mine last week,

75 ............ when the police took action to

break up the demonstration. A) the own er has decided to sack most of
the old workers
B) that might have been caused b y a
A) More and more demonstrators are
fault in the h ydraulic lift s ystem
now crowding into the area C) the trade union had alread y warned
B) The crowd began to disperse rapidly the authorities of the danger
in all directions D) being similar to past underground
C) The rioters have formed a chain disasters
around the furious crowd E) eight miners lost their lives and a lot
of machinery was damaged
D) The media is to blame for printing
provocative headlines 80 ........... , but now I realize that we couldn't
E) The uncontrollable crowd seems to be cope without it.
marching towards the city centre
A) Th e new secretary seemed rather
76. You'll certainly lose your prejudices about incomp etent at first
Mr. Jamison ............. B) I can't decide whether we really need
a burglar alarm
C) For a long time I thought electrical
A) unless you liked him immediately
appliances were unn ecessary
B) despite your previously favourable D) I was absolutely against our bu ying a
opinion second computer
C) once you've got to know him better E) I don't know how I'd survive without
D) because he's alwa ys so inconsiderate my washing-machine <
E) after you realized that he wasn't as
bad as you th ought

77. He had been riding horseback for many

hours ............
81. It's more than a couple of years since I
last went there.
A) and had man y more before him until
he reached his destination A) I have never stayed there for longer
B) otherwise, another mode of than two yea rs.
transportation would be available B) I have visited them twice over the last
C) that has been his biggest dream ever two years.
since he was a boy C) It was only after two years that I went
D) without the horse it would have taken there aga in.
da ys to come so far D) I had nev er be en th ere u ntil the yea r
before last.
E) where he could stop and have a good E) I haven't been there s ince my v isit
rest over two years ago.

ELS Q 87

90
82. I get the impression that it will take some C) All that coup le have d one since they
time for the family to overcome their grief. arrived a t this h o tel is co mp la in .
D) They've only made a couple of
A) It appears to me that the fa mily will complaints ab ou t this h otel so fa r.
take so me time be fo re they a re ab le to E) Since they go t to th is ho tel, n oth ing
cope with their sorrow. has c aus ed tha t c ou p le to co mp la in.
B) Noth ing I could say a t the time co uld
have he lped the fa mily throug h the ir 85. He never sings except when he's taking a
sorrow. shower in the morning.
C) As far as I can see, the family have
A) It is very rare to hear him sing ing ou t
been suffering now for quite so me
of the sho we r in the mo rn ing .
time.
B) He th in k s tha t s in g ing wh e n y o u tak e
D) The on ly thing that will hea l this
a shower is a very common occurrence.
family's suffering, as we can all see, is
C) Whenev er h e goes in to the ba th roo m
time.
fo r a sho we r, he sta rts to sing .
E) Apparen tly, the fa mily have taken a
D) Un less he is ta k in g a s ho we r, in th e
very long time to deal with their mo rn in g, it is imposs ib le to hea r h im
sorrow. singing.
E) In o r ou t o f the sho we r, a t an y time o f
83. In spite of the recent improvements in the day, he hard ly eve r sings.
political situation, Nigeria still has a long
way to go before it returns to full 86. It was only after she had overcome her
democracy. shyness that she started to make some
friends.
A) Although the political situation in
Nige ria has neve r ap pea red mo re A) As he r s hy nes s g ra du a lly dec reas ed ,
hopeless, the re a re still so me people more peop le wanted to be friends with
who long fo r a retu rn to fu ll her.
democracy. B) Befo re beco ming less shy, nobody had
B) Nigeria's government has changed for wan ted to be friends with he r.
the be tte r recently, bu t they s till have C) She felt much mo re co n fiden t when
a lot to do befo re complete democracy she h ad a fe w friends .
is achieved. D) Her ability to make friends he lped he r
C) Following recent developments for the to ove rc o me he r shyn ess.
better, Nigeria now looks poised for a E) Un til sh e ove rca me it, he r shy ness
re tu rn to d e mo c rac y in the n ea r h a d p rev e n te d he r fro m ma k in g
future. friends with anyone.
D) The political situation in Nigeria has 87. Since the 1960s, water pollution has
bee n so ba d rec en tly tha t a re tu rn to increased, leading to a reduction in the
fu ll de moc rac y a ppea rs to be number of fish species.
hopeless.
E) If on ly the re were a n imp rove men t in A) Desp ite sea po llu tion da ting ba ck to
Nigeria's political situation, people th e 1 96 0s , th e nu mbe r o f fis h in the
there could lo ok fo rwa rd to a retu rn to s e as ha s inc re as ed .
full democracy. B) Sea wa te r was c lea ne r an d the re we re
more varieties of fish before the
84. So far during their stay at this hotel, that 1960s.
couple have done nothing but complain. C) It was a t the beg in ning o f th e 1960 s
that fishing was limited.
A) Th rou gh ou t the ir time a t th is ho te l, D) Th e re was a sh a rp de c rea se in th e
tha t cou ple have had n o co mp la in ts . nu mbe r o f fish bec aus e o f a su dde n
B) Up un til no w, tha t cou p le haven 't ha d ris e in s ea p o llu tion in the 19 60s .
any th in g to c o mpla in ab ou t a t th is E) The d rop in the nu mbe r of fish in the
hotel. sea is d irectly c onnec te d with the
inc rease in sea p ollu tion .
88 a ELS

91
88. He allowed his garden to become overrun C) Tile-making as a craft grew in İznik
with weeds during the time that he was and Kütahya, but later it declined in
focusing on growing his business. both towns for unknown reasons.
D) While fewer and fewer craftsmen were
A) While concentrating on expanding his producing tiles in İznik, more and
company, he let his garden become more people were taking up the
overgrown with weeds. business in Kütahya.
B) His garden got flooded because he E) Both İznik and Kütahya are famous
wasn't watching what he was doing as tile-making centres, but the craft
when he was working in it. became popular in Kütahya much
C) When building a business up, it is later than in İznik.
easy to become tied down with work
and neglect domestic chores such as
weeding the garden.
D) He shouldn't have left his garden
unattended while he tried to expand
his company.
E) He didn't notice that his garden
91. The French artist Rodin had an influence
on almost every sculptor who came after
needed weeding because he was too him.
busy concentrating on his business.
A) Fra ns ız s ana tç ısı Rod in' in
89. Throughout history, people have helped k e n d is in de n so n ra ge le n he me n he r
the needy, but social work didn't begin In heyke ltraş üze rinde e tk is i olmuş tu r.
an organized fashion until the 19th B) Ke nd is in den s on ra g e len bü tün
century. Fra ns ız heyke ltraş la rı üze rinde
Rodin'in etkileri vardır.
A) When people started helping the C) Ke n d is ind e n s o n ra g e len b ü tün
needy during the 19th century, social heyke ltraşlan etk ile me y i başa rmış tek
work began to be organized. Fransız sanatçıs ı Rod in'dir.
B) Since history began, the needy have D) Rodin'in en büyük özelliği
been helped by others, yet not until k e n d is in de n so n ra ye tiş en tü m
the 19th century was social work Fransız heykeltraşları etkile miş
organized. olmasıdır.
C) The beginning of organized social E) Fra n s ız s an a tç ı Rod in , k e nd in de n
sonra ge len tü m heyke ltraş la r iç in b ir
work came in the 19th century, es in k ay na ğ ı o lmuş tu r.
shortly after the rich started helping
the poor. 92. In ou r rap idly-chang ing soc iety , we see
D) Social work organizations, which help th a t o u r d epe nd en ce o n o u r tra d ition s is
look after the poor, were badly gradually decreasing .
organized before the beginning of the
19th century. A) To p lu mu mu zd a en h ız lı g e rç ek le şen
E) Historians believe that poor people değişimlerden biri de geleneklerimize
began being helped by organized olan bağlılığımızın azalmasıdır.
social workers during the 19th B) Toplu mu muz büyük b ir hız la değ işir
century. ken, geleneklerimizdeki değişimin
daha yavaş seyre ttiğ ini görüyoruz .
90. At the same time as tile-making In İznik C) To p lu mu mu zu n h ız lı b ir şe k ild e
was declining, the trade In Kütahya was değişmesiyle birlikte geleneklerimize
growing. verdiğimiz önemin de azaldığı
görülmektedir.
D) Gö rü le n o k i, to p lu mu mu zu n h ız la
A) Demand for tiles has fallen in İznik, değişmesi giderek geleneklerimize olan
but has at the same time increased in bağlılığ ımız ın aza lmas ına neden
Kütahya. olacak.
B) Once the trade of tile-making in İznik E) Hız la değ işmek te o lan top lumu muzda ,
had disappeared, some tile craftsmen geleneklerimize olan bağlılığımızın
moved to Kütahya. giderek azaldığını görmekteyiz.
ELS Q 89

92
93. It's feared that the hard economic 96. Curiosity has always been the driving
conditions In the country will increase force behind man's need to invent.
the suicide rate.
A) İnsanoğlunun icatlar yapması hep
A) Ülkenin içinde bulunduğu güç
ekonomik koşulların, intihar oranını merakı sayesinde mümkün olmuştur.
artırdığı görülmektedir. B) İnsanoğlunun icat etme ihtiyacının
B) İntihar olaylarının artmasına neden arkasında merak her zaman itici güç
olarak ülkede yaşanan zor ekonomik olmuştur.
koşullar gösterilmektedir. C) Yapısında var olan merak,
C) Ülkedeki ağır ekonomik koşulların insanoğlunu hep icatlar yapmaya
intihar oranını artırmasından
korkulmaktadır. itmiştir.
D) Ülkede yaşanan ağır ekonomik D) İnsanoğlunun yaptığı tüm icatların
koşullar devam ederse, intihar temelinde, çevresine karşı duyduğu
olaylarının artacağı tahmin merak yatmaktadır.
edilmektedir. E) İnsanoğlunun icatlar yapmasında
E) İntihar oranının artmasının ülkedeki sadece ihtiyaç değil merak da önemli
ağır ekonomik koşullarla yakından bir itici güç olmuştur.
ilgili olduğu ileri sürülmektedir.
94. Until the late 1940s, control of the entire 97. I was really glad that I'd seen and
film industry was in the hands of a few rectified my mistake before anyone
major Hollywood producers. noticed.
A) 1940'ların sonlarından itibaren, tüm A) Hiç kimse farketmeden yanlışımı
film endüstrisini yönlendiren birkaç
büyük Hollywood yapımcısı olmuştur. görüp düzelttiğim için çok
B) 1940'larda, tüm film endüstrisinin memnundum.
kontrolü hala birkaç büyük Hollywood B) Kimse farketmeden yanlışımı görüp
yapımcısının elindeydi. düzeltebilseydim çok memnun
C) 1940'ların sonlarına doğru, birkaç olurdum.
büyük Hollywood yapımcısı tüm film C) Neyseki yanlışımı önce kendim
endüstrisinin kontrolünü ele geçirdi. farkettim ve hiç kimse görmeden
D) 1940'ların sonlarına kadar, bütün film
endüstrisinin kontrolü birkaç büyük düzelttim.
Hollywood yapımcısının elindeydi. D) Hiç kimsenin yanlışımı farketmemiş
E) 1940'lardan sonra, film endüstrisinin olması çok sevindiriciydi.
kontrolünü ellerinde tutan birkaç E) Herkesten önce yanlışı benim
Hollywood yapımcısının yerini yenileri farketmiş olmama gerçekten çok
almaya başladı. sevindim.
95. Even with our current level of technology,
we still do not have the power to respond 98. Very often, the products we purchase
to every human need. don't have all of the features claimed in
the advertisements.
A) İnsanların bütün ihtiyaçlarına yanıt
verebilmesi için teknoloji şu anda A) Aldığımız ürünlerde reklamlarda
bulunduğu düzeyden çok daha ileride belirtilen özelliklerin tümünü
olmalıdır.
B) Bugün gelinen noktada teknoloji bulabileceğimizi ummamalıyız.
henüz insanoğlunun tüm ihtiyaçlarını B) Çoğunlukla reklamlar satışa sunulan
karşılayacak kadar güçlü değildir. ürünlerin özelliklerim abartırlar.
C) Şu anda sahip olduğumuz teknoloji, C) Alışveriş yaparken çoğu zaman
ne kadar gelişmiş olsa da, insanın her reklamlarda ileri sürülen iddiaların
türlü ihtiyacını karşılayacak güçte etkisinde kalırız.
değildir.
D) Bugün sahip olduğu teknolojiyle D) Çoğumuz, aldığımız ürünün
insanoğlu, her türlü ihtiyacını reklamlarda iddia edilen özelliklerin
karşılayacak güce sahip değildir. hepsine sahip olmadığını biliriz.
E) Şu anki teknoloji düzeyimizle bile, E) Çoğu zaman, aldığımız ürünler
insanın her türlü ihtiyacına yanıt reklamlarda iddia edilen özelliklerin
verecek güce sahip değiliz. tümünü taş ıma maktadır.

90 ELS

93
99. It's planned that the dam will be C) If the scientists were on the right
completed and will have started track, they would have found a
producing electricity by the end of July. solution to this problem by now.
D) Scientists are sure to find a solution
A) Plana göre baraj, temmuz sonunda once they've clearly identified the
tamamlanıp elektrik üretmeye problem.
başlayacak. E) This problem hasn't caught the
B) Baraj en geç temmuz sonunda attention of the scientists yet, but it
elektrik üretmeye başlayacak şekilde
planlandı. definitely calls for an immediate
C) Planları tamamlanan barajın, temmuz solution.
sonunda elektrik üretmeye başlaması
beklenmektedir. 102. Kuzey Kutbu'nun üzerinde uçarken,
D) Barajın temmuz sonuna kadar hepimiz aşağıda kilometrelerce uzanan
tamamlanıp elektrik üretmeye buzulların güzelliğine hayran kaldık.
başlaması planlanmaktadır.
E) Herşey planlandığı gibi giderse, baraj A) The view of the North Pole from the
temmuz sonunda elektrik üretmeye plane was spectacular owing to the
başlayacak. beauty of the glaciers spreading over
many kilometres.
100. Interest In fuel conservation In recent B) While we were flying over the North
years has stimulated the development of Pole, we were all amazed at the
modern wind machines for generating beauty of the glaciers below,
electricity. stretching for many kilometres.
C) We were flying over the North Pole,
A) Son yıllarda yakıt tasarrufuna olan admiring the beauty of the glaciers
ilgi, elektrik üretimi için modern which covered an area of many
rüzgar makinalarının geliştirilmesini
teşvik etmiştir. kilometres. '
B) Yakıt sıkıntısının baş göstermesiyle D) The sight from the plane of the North
birlikte tüm ilgi, rüzgarla çalışan Pole, with many kilometres of
modern elektrik üretme makinalannın stretching glaciers, impressed us all.
geliştirilmesine yönelmiştir. E) During our flight over the North Pole,
C) Son yıllarda yaşanan yakıt we all admired the beauty of the
sıkıntısından sonra rüzgarla çalışan glaciers stretching as far as the eye
modern elektrik üretme makinaları could see.
daha çok ilgi görmeye başlamıştır.
D) Yakıt tasarrufuna gösterilen ilgi son 103. Osmanlı Padişahları, I. Abdülmecid
yıllarda o kadar artmıştır ki elektrik devrine kadar yaklaşık dört yüzyıl
üretimi için rüzgarla çalışan boyunca Topkapı Sarayı'nda yaşadılar.
makinaların kullanılması kaçınılmaz
olmuştur. A) Except for Abdülmecid I, Topkapı
E) Elektrik üretiminde kullanılan Palace was inhabited by the Ottoman
makinalar, son yıllarda artan yakıt Sultans for more than four hundred
tasarrufu bilinci sayesinde daha da years.
modernleştirilmiştir. B) Until the reign of Abdülmecid I,
Topkapı Palace had been the regular
residence of the Ottoman Sultans for
over four centuries.
C) Until the reign of Abdülmecid I, the
Ottoman Sultans lived in Topkapı
101. Bilim adamları bu soruna henüz tam bir Palace for a period of nearly four
çözüm bulamadılar, ama doğru iz centuries.
üzerinde olduklarından eminler. D) For four hundred years, until the
reign of Abdülmecid I, Topkapı Palace
A) Although scientists have not found a had been the residence of all the
solution to this problem yet, they will Ottoman Sultans.
probably work it out in a short time. E) Topkapı Palace, which the Ottoman
B) Scientists have not yet found an exact Sultans inhabited for almost four
solution to this problem, but they are centuries, was not used during the
confident that they are on the right reign of Abdülmecid I.
track.
ELS Q 91

94
104. Turizm sektörünün gelişmesiyle, B) None of the machines that man has
bölgenin ülke ekonomisine katkısı her created works as perfectly as the
geçen gün artmaktadır. human body does.
C) No machine that man has created has
A) The more the tourism sector grows in yet reached the perfection of the
the region, the bigger its contribution human body.
to the economy of the country will be. D) Whatever man does, he cannot create
B) The growth of the tourism sector in a machine that will match the
the region has contributed greatly to perfection of his own body.
the improvement of the country's E) Of all the machines that man has
economy. created so far, none of them is as
C) After the growth of the tourism sector perfect as the human body.
there, the region was able to
contribute greatly to the country's 107. Şiddetti tipi yüzünden bölgedeki birkaç
economy. köy bir haftadır ulaşılamaz olmuştur.
D) As the tourism sector grows, the
contribution of the region to the A) Most of the villages couldn't be
economy of the country will increase reached for a week due to the severe
considerably. blizzards in the region.
E) With the growth of the tourism sector, B) It was s uch a s evere blizz ar d that
the region's contribution to the some village roads were blocked for a
economy of the country is rising with
week.
C) Owing to the severe blizzards in the
each day.
region, it took us a week to get to the
105. Araba ithaliyle ilgili yasadaki son village.
D) The severe blizzards, which have cut
değişikliklerden sonra, yeril üreticiler off several villages for a week, are still
kaliteyi yükseltmek zorunda kalacaklar. continuing.
E) Because of the severe blizzard, several
A) After the recent changes in the car villages in the region have not been
importing laws, domestic reached for a week.
manufacturers will have to improve
quality. 108. Mağaranın içine doğru biraz daha
B) The recent changes in the law have ilerleyince suyun açık havaya değil
made it easier to import cars, so içeriye doğru akmakta olduğunu
domestic manufacturers are trying to fark ettik.
produce better quality cars.
C) Domestic car manufacturers could A) It was only after we had advanced for
better cope with the recent changes in a little while in the cave that we
the laws on car imports if they were to realized the water was not flowing
produce better quality products. towards the open air, but inwards.
D) With the recent changes in the laws B) We were astonished, as we proceeded
into the cave, to see that the water
on car imports, domestic was moving in the direction of the
manufacturers have been left with no open air.
choice but to improve quality. C) To our astonishment, the water was
E) The only way for domestic car flowing from the open air into the
manufacturers to compete with cave, not vice versa as we had
imported cars is to raise quality. expected.
D) As we moved a little farther into the
106. İnsanoğlunun yarattığı hiçbir makine cave, we noticed that the water was
henüz insan vücudunun mükemmelliğine moving inwards and not towards the
ulaşamamıştır. open air.
E) We advanced a little further in the
A) No machine that man creates can be cave to see whether the water was
as perfect as the human body. flowing inwards or towards the open
air.
92 Q E LS

95
109. Eski çağlardan beri Çin übbının önemli 110. Akciğer kanserinin erken bir aşamada
bir parçasını oluşturan akupunktur tespit edilmesi çok zor çünkü genellikle
Batı'da, ancak 1970'lerden sonra ilgi belirtiler hastalık çok ilerleyene kadar
görmeye başlamıştır. görünmüyor.

A) Ac up u nc tu re , wh ic h h as fo rme d a A) The reason why lung cancer is

significan t part o f Chinese medicine difficult to notice at an early stage is
since ancient times, began to receive that the symptoms are not detectable
inte res t in th e West on ly afte r the before the disease is well-advanced.
1970s. B) Lung cancer is often detected at a
B) Although acupuncture has been very
well-advanced stage, when symptoms
important in Chinese medicine since
ancient times, it gained recognition in appear clearly; otherwise, the disease
the West only in the 1970s. is difficult to notice at an early stage.
C) Physicians in the West became C) When lung cancer is at an early stage,
interested in acupuncture, an ancient the symptoms are not apparent
Chinese medical treatment, in the enough to detect the disease with
1970s. ease.
D) An ancient Chinese method of D) The symptoms of lung cancer are not
treatment, acupuncture has been apparent until the disease is well-
receiving great interest in the West advanced, so it's not easy to detect it
since the 1970s. at an early stage.
E) In ancient times, acupuncture was of E) Lung cancer is very difficult to detect
great significance in Chinese at an early stage because the
medicine, but since the 1970s, it has symptoms often do not appear until
had an important part in the West as the disease is well-advanced.
well.

ELS a 93

96
 1 A
•• »ı fiwpmtıımıııı... —

1. E 2. D 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. A 8. E 9. B 10. C
11. D 12. B 13. E 14. E 15. B 16. E 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. B
21. A 22. E 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. E 29. E 30. A
31. C 32. D 33. D 34. B 35. E 36. C 37.4 B 38. D 39. A 40. E
41. B 42. D 43. C 44. C 45. E 46. A 7. E 48. C 49. D 50. B
51. E 52. B 53. A 54. E 55. D 56. B 57. D 58. E 59. C 60. E
61. D 62. A 63. B 64. A 65. A 66. E 67. C 68. B 69. D 70. C
71. D 72. C 73. E 74. A 75. B 76. C 77. A 78. E 79. E 80. D
81. E 82. A 83. B 84. C85. D 86. E 87. B 88. A 89. B 90. D
91. A 92. E 93. C 94. D95. E 96. B 97. A 98. E 99. D 100. A
101. B 102. B 103. C 104. E 105. A 106. C 107. E 108. D 109. A 110. E

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if~
1. C 2. A 3. B 4. E 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. E
11. A 12. B 13. C 14. E 15. E 16. B 17. D 18. A 19. D 20. B
21. C 22. E 23. E 24. B 25. A 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. E 30. E
31. B 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. C 36. E 37.4 B 38. C 39. E 40. A
41. E 42. D 43. D 44. C 45. E 46. D 7. E 48. C 49. A 50. D
51. A 52. B 53. A 54. D 55. D 56. B 57. A 58. E 59. C 60. B
61. E 62. A 63. B 64. E 65. A 66. E 67. C 68. B 69. D 70. D
71. B 72. C 73. E 74. A 75. E 76. C 77. D 78. A 79. E 80. C
81. C 82. B 83. B 84. C 85. B 86. A 87. E 88. A 89. B 90. D
91. B 92. E 93. C 94. D 95. A 96. B 97. C 98. E 99. D 100. D
101. A 102. E 103. D 104. E 105. C 106. C 107. A 108. B 109. C 110. A

1. D 2. E 3. E 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. C
11. A 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C 16. C 17. B 18. E 19. E 20. A
21. E 22. D 23. B 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. E
31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C 36. E 37.4 D 38. A 39. C 40. B
41. B 42. C 43. E 44. A 45. D 46. D 7. E 48. B 49. A 50. D
51. E 52. B 53. A 54. E 55. D 56. C 57. A 58. E 59. B 60. D
61. C 62. E 63. B 64. D 65. A 66. E 67. C 68. A 69. D 70. C
71. A 72. C 73. E 74. A 75. B 76. C
77. D 78. E 79. E 80. C
81. B 82. A 83. D 84. E 85. D 87. E
86. A 88. C 89. B 90. B
91. D 92. E 93. A 94. B 95. C 97. E
96. E 98. D 99. A 100. C
101. E 102. D 103. D 104. B 105. E 106. D 107. A 108. E 109. C 110. B