Tissues
1. Define the term ‘tissue’. Differentiate between
simple permanent tissue and complex permanent
tissue in plants. Name the tissue which
(a)allows aquatic plants to float
(b)provides flexibility to plant
Ans: A group of cells that are similar in structure
and work together to do a peculiar function is
called tissue.
Simple permanent tissue is made up of only one
type of cell whereas complex permanent tissue is
made up of more than one type of cell.
2. Name the tissue which
(a) allows aquatic plants to float.
Ans: aerenchyma
(b) provides flexibility to plant.
Ans: collenchyma
3. Show the diagrammatic representation of the
location of intercalary meristem and lateral meristem
in plant.
Ans: Fig 6.2 page 69 of NCERT
4. Mention the type of tissue which
(a) enables the plant to transport food material from
leaves to other parts of its body.
Ans: Phloem
(b) helps in the growth of girth of the stem.
Ans: Lateral meristem
(c) helps in the transport of water from the root to
other parts.
Ans: Xylem
(d) provides support to plants and stores food?
Ans: Parenchyma
5.Write the structure, function and location of
parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma along
with a well labelled diagram.
Ans: Parenchyma is in almost all parts of the
plant, and it supports the plant.
Collenchyma-It is present in the leaf stalks below
the epidermis, and it provides flexibility.
Sclerenchyma- It is present in seeds and nuts and
make plant part hard and stiff
Diagram of parenchyma, collenchyma and
sclerenchyma- Fig6.4 page 71 of NCERT
6. Differentiate between aerenchyma &
chlorenchyma tissues
Ans: When the parenchyma contains air spaces
which helps the aquatic plant to float, it is known
as aerenchyma.
When the parenchyma contains chlorophyll which
helps in the process of photosynthesis, it is known
as chlorenchyma
7. State any four roles of epidermis in plants?
Answer:1. Cells of epidermis forms a continuous
layer without intercellular spaces. It protects all
the parts of plants.
2. Epidermal cells of the root helps in the process
of water absorption
3.In desert plants, epidermis have a thick waxy
coating of cutin which prevents the loss of water
4. Stomata present in the epidermis help in the
exchange of gases
8. List any six characteristics of parenchyma tissue
Ans: The parenchyma cells are living, they are
usually loosely packed, large intercellular spaces
are present, thin cell wall, relatively unspecialized
cells, supports the plant.
9. (a) Name the tissue present in the husk of coconut.
(b) Which substance is present in the thickened walls
of sclerenchymatous cells?
Ans: (a) Sclerenchyma, (b) Lignin
10. What is cork? How is it formed?
Ans. As the plants grow older, the outer protective
tissue undergoes certain changes. A strip of
secondary meristem replaces the epidermis of the
stem. Cells on the outside are cut off from this
layer. This forms several layers of thick cork.
Cork acts as a protective tissue because its cells are
dead and compactly arranged without
intercellular spaces. They have deposition of
suberin on the walls that make them impervious to
gases and water.
11. (a) How are simple tissues different from complex
tissues in plants?
(b) Draw a neat diagram of the section of the tissue
that is responsible for the translocation of food from
the leaves to the different parts of the plant?
Ans (a) Simple tissues are made up of one type of
cells which coordinate to perform a common
function. Eg- Parenchyma, Collenchyma and
Sclerenchyma
Complex tissues are made up of more than one
type of cells. All these coordinates to perform a
common function. Eg- Xylem and phloem
(b) Fig 6.7 page 73 of NCERT
12.What are the functions of the stomata?
Ans: Transpiration and exchange of gases
13. (a) Mention the location of apical meristem in
plants?
(b) Name the tissue responsible for the movement of
body.
Ans: (a)Apical meristem is present at the apex of
root and stem, (b) Muscle tissue
14.Differentiate between: Bone and cartilage
Bone Cartilage
Matrix of bone is Matrix of cartilage is
composed of calcium composed of proteins
and phosphorus and sugar
Bone provides flexible Cartilage smoothens
support to the body the bone surfaces at the
joints
Hard and non-flexible Flexible
15. Give the location and functions of the following
tissues: (a) Cartilage (b) Areolar tissue (c) Adipose
tissue.
Ans: (a) Cartilage smoothens the bone surfaces at
the joints
(b)Areolar tissue- It is present across the body,
especially in those organ systems with external
openings. It helps in the repair of the tissue
(c)Adipose tissue- It is located below the skin,
around the internal organs. Fat is stored in the
adipose tissue which acts as insulator.
16. (a) “Blood is the river of life”. Justify the
statement
(b) Which kind of epithelium is found on skin?
State its function.
(c) Name the type of tissue whose cells are filled
with fat globules. State its function
(d)What is cutin? What is its function in desert
plants?
Ans: (a) Blood helps in the transportation of
oxygen, nutrients, waste products and
hormones. All the substances present in the
body are transported by blood only. (b)
Stratified squamous epithelium, to prevent
wear and tear. (c) Adipose tissue, it acts as
insulator. (d) Cutin is a waxy layer present on
the epidermis of desert plants, it prevents
water loss.
17. Differentiate between Tendon and ligament
Answer:
18. Write one important functional difference
between Striated and Smooth muscle tissue and draw
a labeled diagram of the muscle tissue that shows
rhythmic contraction and relaxation throughout life.
Ans: Striated muscle helps in the voluntary
movement of the muscles; smooth muscle helps in
the movement of internal organs and cardiac
muscle helps in the rhythmic contraction and
relaxation of muscles
Diagram FIG 6.11 c page 77 of NCERT
19. (a) Draw a labelled diagram of a neuron. (Two
labellings)
(b) Identify the tissue which is made up of these cells.
(c) Name one organ that is made of this tissue.
Ans (a)Fig 6.12 page 78 of NCERT
(b)Nervous tissue
(c) Brain
