MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY MOCK EXAM MODULE A

Student name: --------------------------------------------------------------------

Id: ----------------------------------------------

Q1: Mrs. Eva, a 78-year-old female, has been a resident of ABC Assisted Living for about two years.
Her husband initially admitted her because of memory decline, and progressive need for assistance
with activities of daily living that could not be met by her family or community-based programs. This
mean that she has Alzheimer disease. Describe the biochemical basis of this condition.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---

Q2: Mona, was eighty-four years old. She was able to keep up with her housekeeping and still
tended a small garden in her backyard. When Ahmed reached his mother's house, he found his
mother unconscious, feverish, profuse sweating, dry skin and rapid pulse. All of the windows in the
house were closed. The emergency services operator instructed Ahmed to apply cold wash cloths to
her mother's forehead and face. When the paramedics arrived, they informed Ahmed that his
mother had suffered heat stroke. Describe the biochemical basis of this condition.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----
Q3: Compare between different inhibitors as regards the following points of comparison:

Point of difference Reversible Reversible non Irreversible non

competitive competitive competitive
Site of binding
km
Vmax
Inhibitor structure

Q4: Describe the biological function of Sugar alcohol in artificial sweetener.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --

Q5:

I. Describe the effect of temperature on enzyme activity

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------

II. Enumerate 2 other factors affecting enzyme activity:

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------
Q6: Complete the missing items using the provided figure

CK2 is used for ……………. of myocardial infarction

LDH1 for………. of myocardial infarction.

Q7: Compare between functional and non-functional enzymes

Functional enzymes Non-functional enzymes

synthesis
function
Substrate in blood
Plasma levels

Q8:

I. label the cell cycle diagram and what occurs in it briefly

A.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

B.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

C.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
D.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
II. Enumerate 2 types of checkpoints included in the cell cycle diagram:

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q9: Describe the strategy of gene replacement therapy in a case of severe combined
immunodeficiency disease caused by adenosine deaminase deficiency ‘’SCID’’.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q10: Describe the cell cycle control at G1-S checkpoint

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---

Q11: List the amino acid classifications by giving one example of each type.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q12:

I. which type of model is illustrated in this figure?

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

II. Describe it.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q13: Compare between Apoptosis and Necrosis.

Apoptosis Necrosis

Q14: Enumerate the 4 types of enzyme specificity by giving one example on each.

1. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q15: Describe the mechanisms of proto-oncogene activation

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ---
Q16: Describe the basic strategy of cloning

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q17: compare between PCR & Gene cloning

PCR Gene Cloning

Gene amplification
Steps

Requirements

Purposes

Q18: Given the following chain of amino acids:

Val–Cys–Asp–Leu–Ala–Arg–Phe–Glu–Trp

• Identify the type of this peptide? -------------------------------------------------------------

• Identify amino (N)terminal? --------------------------------------------------------------
• Identify carboxyl (C) Terminal? ------------------------------------------------------------
• Identify the largest amino acid? -------------------------------------------------------------
Q19: Identify the provided figure of protein structure

1.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q20:

I. describe how Alopurinol used in treatment of gout.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --

Q22: Enumerate Enzymes of diagnostic importance

Enzymes Diagnostic importance

Q23:

I. What kind of inhibition does this graph represent?

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

II. Effect on

Km: -----------------------------------------------------------

Vmax: -------------------------------------------------------------

Q24: This figure represents classification of proteins according to its axial ratio Describe the
difference between both types as regards their axial ratio, solubility, and examples for each type.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q25: Give reason why sucrose is considered the arch criminal of caries.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q26: Compare between the following as regards the hydrolytic enzymes, hydrolytic products,
reducing property and Clinical application if present:

Maltose Lactose Mannose

Hydrolytic enzyme
Hydrolytic products
Reducing property
Clinical application

Q27: Describe the mechanism of Allosteric Regulation

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------

Q28: enumerate the effects of denaturation

1. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q29: Which type of enzymes yield a sigmoidal curve on a V versus [S] plot.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q30: compare between tumour suppressor genes & protooncogenes- oncogenes.

Tumour suppressor genes Protooncogenes - oncogenes

Q31: Define these terms

• Stereoisomerism: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
• Buffering activity: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
• Chaperons: -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
• Glutathione:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------