REVIEWER T IN UNDERSTANDING CULTURE, SOCIETY AND POLITICS

Gilas Pilipinas represented the Philippines in the SEA Games Basketball Tournament. They competed
against other basketball teams from Southeast Asian countries. What type of group is their opponent
teams’ considered?
A. Network
B. In-group
C. Out-group
D. Reference group
BlackPink popularized many songs and dances. Teenagers nowadays idolize them. This is an example of
what type of group?
A. Network
B. Primary Group
C. Reference Group
D. Secondary Group

Which of the following social structure of socialization refers to the culture, language, social structures and
one’s position within that particular society?
A. Result
B. Content
C. Context
D. Process
It refers to the outcome of socialization and how a person conceives and conducts after undergoing the
socialization process.
A. Result
B. Content
C. Context
D. Process
You enjoy doing things with your family. Every Sunday, you go to church and eat in your favorite fast food
restaurant after the church service. In what social group does your family belong?
A. Network
B. Primary Group
C. Reference Group
D. Secondary Group
You like singing a lot. One day you decided to join the Glee Club and become friends with all the members
of the club. This is an example of what type of group?
A. In-group
B. Out-group
C. Primary Group
D. Secondary group
Who among the following sociologists studied about the social factors that affects suicide?
A. Karl Marx
B. Robert Merton
C. Hebert Spencer
D. Émile Durkheim
Which of the following theories defines society as a structure with interrelated parts designed to meet the
biological and social needs of the individuals in that society?
A. Conflict Theory
B. False Consciousness
C. Symbolic Interactionism
D. Structural Functionalism
It refers to the social processes that have undesirable consequences for the operation of society.
A. Dysfunctions
B. Social Solidarity
C. Latent Functions
D. Manifest Functions
Which of the following refers to institutions or organizations that are controlled and owned by the
government?
A. Banks
B. Corporations
C. State Institutions
D. Non-state Institutions
What do we call to an organization that are NOT owned and controlled by the government?
A. Banks
 B. Corporations
C. State Institutions
D. Non-state Institutions
17. When a state has complete independence from external control, it means it has _____.
A. People
B. Territory
C. Sovereignty
D. Government
What licensed institution provides several financial services to different types of customers to earn profit?
A. Banks
B. Cooperatives
C. Corporations
D. Trade Unions
Which of the following statements is NOT the role of a state?
A. It issues and regulates currency and coinage.
B. It provides financial services to different customers.
C. It grants citizenship and protects their interests and rights.
D. It conducts foreign relations, foreign trade and economic relations.
Which of the following refers to a firm that is owned, controlled, and operated by a group of users for their
own benefits?
A. Banks
B. Cooperatives
C. Corporations
D. Trade Unions
It refers to the process of converting a government agency that provides public services into a privately
owned organization.
A. Localization
B. Privatization
C. Filipinization
D. Hispanization
Your father is a businessman. He invested his money to Procter and Gamble, a global company that
provides branded products and services worldwide. What form of non- state institution is shown in the
situation?
A. Banks
B. Cooperatives
C. Corporations
D. Trade Unions
These are the consequences of a social process that are sought or anticipated.
A. Dysfunctions
B. Social Solidarity
C. Latent Functions
D. Manifest Functions
It refers to the unintended consequence or outcome of an activity or social system.
A. Dysfunctions
B. Social Solidarity
C. Latent Functions
D. Manifest Functions
According to this sociologist, society consists of two classes---the bourgeoisie (capitalist) and the
proletariat (worker), who must compete for social, material, and political resources.
A. Karl Marx
B. Robert Merton
C. Hebert Spencer
D. Émile Durkheim
It refers to a condition in which the proletariat is unable to recognize his/her true place within the class
system.
A. Dysfunction
B. Social Solidarity
C. Looking-glass Self
D. False Consciousness
Which of the following theories view society as a competition for limited resources?
A. Conflict Theory
C. False Consciousness
B. Symbolic Interactionism
D. Structural Functionalism
This theory focuses on meanings attached to human interaction, both verbal and non-verbal, and to
symbols.
A. Conflict Theory
C. False Consciousness
B. Symbolic Interactionism
D. Structural Functionalism
It refers to the agency of the State which makes, implements, enforces, and adjudicates the laws of the
state.
A. People
B. Territory
C. Sovereignty
D. Government
Which of the following are the elements of the state?
A. Language, History, Culture and People
B. Government, Population, Law and Culture
C. Law, Government, Population and Religion
D. People, Government, Sovereignty and Territory
It is defined as the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs,
and habits.
A. Law
B. Culture
C. Language
D. Education
The following are the types of educational system EXCEPT:
A. Formal education
C. Informal education
B. Non –formal education
D. Curricula and instructional materials
Your brother is 18 years old now. He stopped schooling when he was 10 years old. He may be too old to
go back to school to forward education. What will be your advice to him to continue to his schooling?
A. Enroll in TESDA
B. Enroll in a college institution or university
C. Enroll in Alternative Learning System (ALS)
D. Enroll in a public school as senior high school student.
What type of education is designed to provide students with disabilities specially designed instruction to
help them meet and reach their full potential?
A. Special Education
B. Preschool Education
C. Secondary Education
D. Elementary education
Jose belongs to a poor family. His family is not able to send him to school because of financial reasons.
What human right is deprived to Jose?
A. Right to life
B. Right to work
C. Right to health
D. Right to education
Your sister moves from a job as a computer programmer to a job as a web page designer. This is an
example of _____.
A. Role mobility
B. Vertical mobility
C. Horizontal mobility
D. Intergenerational mobility
A factory worker's son earns his way through college and eventually becomes a civil engineer. This is an
example of _______
A. Role mobility
B. Vertical mobility
C. Horizontal mobility
D. Intergenerational mobility
It refers to the person’s position in the society. The individual has a certain status that enables him/her to
have resources or opportunities.
A. Power
B. Status
C. Wealth
D. Prestige
It refers to the ability to influence other people. It is getting what an individual wants despite the
unwillingness of others to give in to his/her desires.
A. Power
B. Status
C. Wealth
D. Prestige
It refers to the number of resources that a person possesses.
A Power
B. Status
C. Wealth
D. Prestige
When a school principal becomes the Schools Division Superintendent, what type of social mobility is it?
A. Role mobility
B. Vertical mobility
C. Horizontal mobility
D. Intergenerational mobility

What type of social class does the Ayala and Zobel Family belong?
A. Lower Class
B. Upper Class
C. Middle Class
D. Upper-Middle Class

If your father is an engineer and your mother is a doctor, what type of social class does your family belong?
A. Lower Class
B. Upper Class
C. Middle Class
D. Upper-Middle Class
Which of the following is NOT an ascribed status?
A. Being a doctor
B. Being a girl/boy
C. Being a princess
D. Being a Filipino citizen
What type of social status does Manny Pacquiao has?
A. Lower Class
B. Upper Class
C. Middle Class
D. Upper-Middle Class
You are tasked with designing a community profiling system that evaluates individuals’ social class based
on the factors listed (e.g., income sources, occupation, education, etc.). What innovative feature would you
include in the system to ensure it accounts for modern variations in social class?
A. A scoring system that assigns equal weight to all factors to ensure balance.
B. A simplified checklist focusing solely on income and education to reduce complexity.
C. An AI-based analysis tool that dynamically updates rankings based on current economic trends.
D. A visual mapping tool that categorizes individuals based on their neighborhood’s median income.
Maria and John have been married for five years. They both work full-time and share responsibilities at
home. Maria often manages the household budget and takes care of the children’s needs, while John
ensures the family car and house are maintained. Recently, they decided to start a small business
together to secure their financial future. However, they sometimes argue over the division of
responsibilities, as Maria feels overwhelmed balancing her tasks at home and work. Which aspect of
marriage, as defined by Light and Keller (1985) and the New Family Code of the Philippines, is most
evident in Maria and John’s situation?
A. Marriage as a romantic fairytale
B. Marriage as a union to perpetuate the human species
C. Marriage as a special contract for conjugal and family life
D. Marriage as a business partnership requiring division of labor and specialization
Given the legal and cultural emphasis on monogamy in the Philippines, evaluate which scenario aligns
most closely with the concept of serial monogamy as described by sociologists.
A. A woman marries multiple men simultaneously in a country where polyandry is legal.
B. A man marries one woman and remains with her for life, as prescribed by Philippine law.
C. A couple decides to cohabit without legally marrying but maintains an exclusive relationship.
 D. A man marries one woman, divorces her, and later marries another woman in a country where

divorce is legal.
If you were to design a system for a modern society that incorporates gift exchange in marriage while
ensuring equality between genders and promoting sustainable practices. Which system do you think aligns
best with this goal?
A. Only the groom’s family provides monetary gifts to the bride’s family.
B. Families exchange luxury items with no restrictions on production methods.
C. Families exchange symbolic handmade gifts made from sustainable materials.
D. Families exchange gifts of food grown locally, focusing on environmental impact.
In a society where dowry is practiced, a reform movement seeks to replace dowry with gift exchange to
promote gender equality. Which evaluation best determines the effectiveness of this reform?
A. Measuring how many families adopt the reform in the first year.
B. Evaluating the types of gifts exchanged for cultural significance.
C. Determining if the reform increases marriage rates in the community.
D. Analyzing whether the bride’s family continues to bear financial burdens under the new system.
A sociologist observes that the practice of woman exchange creates tensions between families when one
family feels their "loss" is greater than their "gain." Which criteria would best evaluate the fairness of this
practice?
A. The number of daughters each family has.
B. The socioeconomic status of the families involved.
C. The duration of the marriage resulting from the exchange.
D. Whether both families agree on the arrangement and feel equally satisfied.
Which of the following defines social stratification?
A. It refers to the division of society into categories, ranks, or classes.
B. It refers to the unequal sharing of scarce resources and social rewards.
C. It refers to a social structure in which classes are determined by ascribed status.
D. It refers to a social structure in which classes are determined by achieved status
Which of the following best illustrates the concept of social stratification?
A. Pyramid
B. Pie chart
C. Concept Map
D. Venn Diagram
What makes the caste system a closed system in terms of social mobility?
A. It has been outlawed
B. It exist only in rural areas.
C. It is run by a secret government.
D. It does not allow change in people’s social standings.
How do Conflict Theorists view capitalists?
A. Capitalists are ambitious.
B. Capitalists fund social services.
C. Capitalists spend money wisely
D. Capitalists get richer while workers stay poorer
Which of the following states that stratification assures that the most qualified people fill the most important
positions, they are qualified people which perform their tasks competently, and that they are rewarded for
the effort?
A. Conflict theory
B. Symbolic interactionism
C. Structural Functionalism
D. Social Exchange Theory