Book Title: eTextbook: Today’s Technician: Manual Transmissions &
Transaxles
Chapter 4. Manual Transmissions/Transaxles
Review Questions
Review Questions
Short Answer Essays
1. Define the purpose of a transmission.
2. What is the primary purpose of a synchronizer?
3. Describe the three stages of synchronization.
4. List the functions of a transmission’s front bearing retainer.
5. How is reverse speed obtained in most transmissions?
6. Define the primary differences between a transmission and a
transaxle.
7. Describe and explain the major difference between the differential of
a RWD car and the differential of a FWD car.
8. What is the primary purpose of the clutch gear in a transmission?
9. Describe the power-flow through a transaxle when it is in first gear.
10. What is the purpose of fifth gear in most transaxles and
transmissions?
Fill-in-the-Blanks
1. A transmission is a system of that transfers the
to the of the car.
2. A manual transaxle is a single unit composed of a
, , and
3. Block synchronizers consist of a ,
, , and
114 4. are moved by the
gearshift and move the synchronizer sleeves to engage a gear.
5. The speed gears are located on the .
6. A synchromesh transmission is a ,
transmission equipped with synchronizers.
7. Smooth and quiet shifting can only be possible when the
and the are rotating at
the same speed.
8. The output shaft is also called the shaft.
9. All synchronizers use to synchronize the speed
of the gear and shaft before the connection is made.
10. If the speed gears are not engaged by a synchronizer, they
on the main shaft.
ASE-Style Review Questions
1. When discussing the operation of a synchronizer,
Technician A says that the synchronizer inserts force the blocking
ring against the conical face of the gear, which slows the speed of the
gear and allows for engagement.
Technician B says that by matching the speed of the blocking ring and
the gear, the synchronizer sleeve is able to engage with the gear dog
teeth.
Who is correct?
A. A only
B. B only
C. Both A and B
D. Neither A nor B
2. When discussing shift mechanisms,
Technician A says that the detent system prevents the engagement of
more than one gear at a time.
Technician B says that the interlock system places the shift rail and
fork in an exact position.
Who is correct?
A. A only
B. B only
C. Both A and B
D. Neither A nor B
3. When discussing current trends in manual transmissions,
Technician A says that six- and seven-speed transmissions reduce fuel
economy because of the weight of their extra parts.
Technician B says that some manual transmissions are shifted by
internal solenoids and do not require a shift lever.
Who is correct?
A. A only
B. B only
C. Both A and B
D. Neither A nor B
4. While discussing synchronizers,
Technician A says that in automotive transmissions, the commonly
used type of synchronizer is the block type.
Technician B says that triple-cone synchronizers are not as effective
because they are smaller than single-cone synchronizers.
Who is correct?
A. A only
B. B only
C. Both A and B
D. Neither A nor B
5. When discussing overdrive gears,
Technician A says that the typical ratio is 0.70 to 0.90:1.
Technician B says that the typical ratio is 1.0:1.
Who is correct?
A. A only
B. B only
C. Both A and B
D. Neither A nor B
6. When discussing the power-flow through a five-speed transmission
when it is in first gear,
Technician A says that power enters in on the input shaft, which
rotates the countershaft that is engaged with first gear.
Technician B says that the first gear synchronizer engages with the
clutching teeth of first gear and locks the gear to the main shaft,
allowing power to flow from the input gear through the countershaft
and to first gear and the main shaft.
Who is correct?
A. A only
B. B only
C. Both A and B
D. Neither A nor B
7. While discussing power-flow through the forward gears of a typical
transaxle,
Technician A says the main speed gears freewheel around the output
shaft unless they are locked to the shaft by the synchronizers.
Technician B says the main speed gears are in constant mesh with
their mating gears on the input shaft and rotate whenever the input
shaft rotates.
Who is correct?
A. A only
B. B only
C. Both A and B
D. Neither A nor B
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8. While discussing reverse gear,
Technician A says if the transmission has a synchronized reverse
gear, the reverse synchronizer sleeve moves to engage with reverse
gear. Power comes in through the input shaft, into the counter gear,
through the reverse idler gear, and into the reverse gear on the main
shaft. The reverse gear rotates the synchronizer sleeve, which rotates
the hub and main shaft in a reverse direction.
Technician B says if reverse is a nonsynchronized gear, a reverse-gear
shift relay lever slides the reverse idler gear into contact with the
countershaft reverse gear and the reverse gear on the output shaft.
The reverse idler gear causes the reverse output shaft gear to rotate
counterclockwise.
Who is correct?
A. A only
B. B only
C. Both A and B
D. Neither A nor B
9. While calculating the first gear ratio of a five-speed transmission,
Technician A says to first divide the number of teeth on the front of
the counter gear by the number of teeth on the clutch gear.
Technician B says to next divide the number of teeth on the first-
speed gear by the number of teeth on the matching counter gear and
then multiply the answer from the first set by the second.
Who is correct?
A. A only
B. B only
C. Both A and B
D. Neither A nor B
10. While discussing shift forks,
Technician A says most shift forks have two fingers that ride in the
grooves on the outside of the speed gears.
Technician B says each shift rail has three notches, which a spring-
loaded ball or plunger rides in to give a detent feel to the shift lever
and locates the proper position of the shift fork.
Who is correct?
A. A only
B. B only
C. Both A and B
D. Neither A nor B
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