Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs):
1. Which of the following is not a common symptom of fungal infections in the lungs?
a) Coughing up blood b) Fever c) Muscle aches d) Joint pain Correct answer: d) Joint
pain
2. What is the primary cause of fungal infections? a) Bacteria b) Viruses c) Yeast,
molds, and other types of fungus d) Parasites Correct answer: c) Yeast, molds, and
other types of fungus
3. How do most dermatophyte infections spread? a) Through breathing in fungus from
the environment b) From direct contact with an infected person or animal c) From
taking antibiotics d) From damp public spaces Correct answer: b) From direct
contact with an infected person or animal
True or False Questions:
1. True or False: Fungal infections are caused by bacteria. Answer: False
2. True or False: Fungal infections are only superficial and cannot affect internal
organs. Answer: False
3. True or False: Candida albicans is a yeast that can cause serious infections under
certain conditions. Answer: True
4. True or False: Fungal infections can spread from person to person through direct
contact. Answer: True
5. True or False: Histoplasma, Coccidioides, Blastomyces, and Aspergillus are
examples of environmental fungi. Answer: True
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs):
Which of the following is not a common symptom of fungal infections in the nails?
a) Discolored nails
b) Thick nails
c) Smooth nails
d) Cracked nails
Model Answer: c) Smooth nails
Which type of fungal infection affects the skin, nails, and mucous membranes?
a) Subcutaneous fungal infections
b) Superficial fungal infections
c) Deep fungal infections
d) Systemic fungal infections
Model Answer: b) Superficial fungal infections
Which fungus is commonly associated with athlete's foot?
a) Candida albicans
b) Aspergillus
c) Trichophyton rubrum
d) Cryptococcus neoformans
Model Answer: c) Trichophyton rubrum
What is the primary cause of ringworm infections?
a) Bacteria
b) Viruses
c) Dermatophytes
d) Protozoa
Model Answer: c) Dermatophytes
Which fungal infection is known as "rose gardener's disease"?
a) Sporotrichosis
b) Chromoblastomycosis
c) Eumycetoma
d) Histoplasmosis
Model Answer: a) Sporotrichosis
How do most dermatophyte infections spread?
a) Through breathing in fungus from the environment
b) From direct contact with an infected person or animal
c) From taking antibiotics
d) From damp public spaces
Model Answer: b) From direct contact with an infected person or animal
What is the primary cause of oral thrush?
a) Candida albicans
b) Aspergillus
c) Cryptococcus neoformans
d) Histoplasma
Model Answer: a) Candida albicans
Which fungal infection is commonly associated with a white coating on the tongue and
mouth?
a) Ringworm
b) Onychomycosis
c) Candidiasis
d) Tinea versicolor
Model Answer: c) Candidiasis
Which type of fungal infection is commonly found in the lungs and brain?
a) Superficial fungal infections
b) Subcutaneous fungal infections
c) Deep fungal infections
d) Systemic fungal infections
Model Answer: c) Deep fungal infections
What is the primary cause of cryptococcosis?
a) Candida albicans
b) Aspergillus
c) Cryptococcus neoformans
d) Histoplasma
Model Answer: c) Cryptococcus neoformans
True or False Questions:
1. True or False: Fungal infections are caused by bacteria. Model Answer: False
2. True or False: Fungal infections are only superficial and cannot affect internal
organs. Model Answer: False
3. True or False: Candida albicans is a yeast that can cause serious infections under
certain conditions. Model Answer: True
4. True or False: Fungal infections can spread from person to person through direct
contact. Model Answer: True
5. True or False: Histoplasma, Coccidioides, Blastomyces, and Aspergillus are
examples of environmental fungi. Model Answer: True
How are fungal infections typically diagnosed?
a) Blood test
b) Imaging scans
c) Observation of signs or symptoms
d) Urine analysis
Model Answer: c) Observation of signs or symptoms
What is the primary method used to treat fungal infections?
a) Antibiotics
b) Antiviral medication
c) Antifungal medication
d) Steroids
Model Answer: c) Antifungal medication
Which of the following is NOT a form of antifungal treatment?
a) Oral medication
b) Topical cream
c) Intravenous (IV) medication
d) Antiseptic solution
Model Answer: d) Antiseptic solution
What is a common preventive measure for reducing the risk of fungal infections?
a) Sharing personal items
b) Walking barefoot in public areas
c) Maintaining proper hygiene
d) Avoiding antibiotics
Model Answer: c) Maintaining proper hygiene
Which imaging technique is often used to detect fungal infections in internal organs?
a) X-ray
b) MRI
c) Ultrasound
d) CT scan
Model Answer: d) CT scan
What is the primary method for diagnosing a fungal infection in nails?
a) Blood culture
b) Skin biopsy
c) Nail clipping
d) Urine analysis
Model Answer: c) Nail clipping
What is the primary cause of most fungal infections?
a) Bacteria
b) Virus
c) Yeast, molds, or other fungus
d) Parasites
Model Answer: c) Yeast, molds, or other fungus
Which type of medication is directly administered into a vein to treat severe fungal
infections?
a) Oral medication
b) IV medication
c) Topical cream
d) Eye drops
Model Answer: b) IV medication
What is the primary purpose of wearing protective clothing when working with soil?
a) To prevent sunburn
b) To avoid contact with harmful chemicals
c) To reduce the risk of fungal infections
d) To stay warm
Model Answer: c) To reduce the risk of fungal infections
What is the recommended action if you suspect a fungal infection in your lungs?
a) Take antiviral medication
b) Use over-the-counter pain relievers
c) Seek medical attention for proper diagnosis and treatment
d) Ignore the symptoms
Model Answer: c) Seek medical attention for proper diagnosis and treatment
1. What is the purpose of adding chloramphenicol to Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA)
medium? a) To enhance fungal growth b) To inhibit bacterial growth c) To adjust the
pH of the medium d) To provide nutrients for fungal growth Model Answer: b) To
inhibit bacterial growth
2. Which component is NOT included in the preparation of Sabouraud dextrose agar
(SDA) medium with cycloheximide? a) Dextrose b) Peptone c) Agar agar d)
Chloramphenicol Model Answer: d) Chloramphenicol
3. What is the function of cycloheximide in Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) medium
with cycloheximide? a) To enhance fungal growth b) To inhibit bacterial growth c) To
adjust the pH of the medium d) To provide nutrients for fungal growth Model
Answer: b) To inhibit bacterial growth
4. Which stain is commonly used for the identification of dermatophytes? a) India Ink
b) Lactophenol Cotton blue stain c) Gram stain d) Acid-fast stain Model Answer: b)
Lactophenol Cotton blue stain
5. What is the primary purpose of adding phenol crystals to the Lactophenol Cotton
blue stain? a) To enhance staining intensity b) To adjust the pH of the stain c) To
inhibit fungal growth d) To provide nutrients for staining Model Answer: c) To inhibit
fungal growth
6. Which solvent is used to dissolve cycloheximide for the preparation of Sabouraud
dextrose agar (SDA) medium with cycloheximide? a) Ethanol b) Acetone c) Water d)
Chloroform Model Answer: b) Acetone
7. What is the pH of the Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) medium after adjustment? a)
5.5 b) 6.0 c) 6.5 d) 7.0 Model Answer: c) 6.5
8. Which component is NOT included in the Lactophenol Cotton blue stain? a)
Glycerol b) Cotton blue solution c) Lactic acid d) Distilled water Model Answer: d)
Distilled water
9. What is the purpose of boiling the mixture during the preparation of Sabouraud
dextrose agar (SDA) medium? a) To sterilize the medium b) To dissolve the agar agar
c) To adjust the pH of the medium d) To enhance fungal growth Model Answer: a) To
sterilize the medium
10. What is the purpose of autoclaving the Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) medium? a)
To adjust the pH of the medium b) To dissolve the agar agar c) To inhibit bacterial
growth d) To enhance fungal growth Model Answer: c) To inhibit bacterial growth
What is the scientific discipline dealing with the study of fungi called?
a) Mycosis
b) Mycology
c) Mycetes
d) Mycologists
Model Answer: b) Mycology
Which polysaccharide makes up the cell walls of fungi?
a) Cellulose
b) Chitin
c) Glucans
d) Mannans
Model Answer: b) Chitin
Which of the following statements about fungi is true?
a) All fungi are autotrophs.
b) Most fungi store their food as starch.
c) Fungi lack chlorophyll.
d) Fungi primarily cause viral diseases in humans.
Model Answer: c) Fungi lack chlorophyll.
How many fungal species have been identified?
a) Less than 100
b) Around 500
c) Over 10,000
d) Over 100,000
Model Answer: d) Over 100,000
Which type of reproduction involves the formation of buds?
a) Fission
b) Sexual reproduction
c) Asexual reproduction
d) Sporulation
Model Answer: c) Asexual reproduction
What is the characteristic temperature range for yeast growth?
a) 0-10°C
b) 25-30°C
c) 37°C
d) 25-37°C
Model Answer: d) 25-37°C
Which component is NOT typically found in fungal cell walls?
a) Chitin
b) Glucans
c) Cellulose
d) Mannans
Model Answer: c) Cellulose
Which type of hyphae lacks cross walls and contains multiple nuclei?
a) Septate hyphae
b) Aseptate hyphae
c) Branched hyphae
d) Coenocytic hyphae
Model Answer: d) Coenocytic hyphae
What is the primary method of reproduction for yeasts?
a) Sporulation
b) Budding
c) Fission
d) Fragmentation
Model Answer: b) Budding
What is the term used to describe the body of a fungus?
a) Mycelium
b) Thallus
c) Hypha
d) Sporangium
Model Answer: b) Thallus
1. Which group of true fungi is characterized by having NO sexual reproduction? a)
Zygomycetes b) Basidiomycetes c) Ascomycetes d) Deuteromycetes Model
Answer: d) Deuteromycetes
2. Which of the following fungi is associated with Dutch elm disease and rye smut? a)
Zygomycetes b) Basidiomycetes c) Ascomycetes d) Deuteromycetes Model
Answer: c) Ascomycetes
3. What is the method of sexual reproduction for Zygomycetes? a) Basidiospore b)
Ascospore c) Zygospore d) None/Unknown Model Answer: c) Zygospore
4. Which fungus is known as the common bread mold? a) Rhizopus stolonifer b)
Penicillium c) Aspergillus d) Entomophthora muscae Model Answer: a) Rhizopus
stolonifer
5. What is the sexual spore class for Basidiomycetes? a) Zygospore b) Basidiospore c)
Ascospore d) None/Unknown Model Answer: b) Basidiospore
6. How do Zygomycetes reproduce asexually? a) By budding yeast b) Through
conidiospores c) By sporangiospores d) By fragmentation of hyphae Model Answer:
c) By sporangiospores
7. Which type of fungi is commonly used as agents for biological control of insects? a)
Zygomycetes b) Basidiomycetes c) Ascomycetes d) Deuteromycetes Model
Answer: a) Zygomycetes
8. What is the sexual phase of Ascomycetes characterized by? a) Conidiospores b)
Budding yeast c) Ascospores d) Basidiospores Model Answer: c) Ascospores
9. Which type of reproduction involves genetic exchange but is not strictly sexual? a)
Asexual reproduction b) Parasexual reproduction c) Sexual reproduction d) None of
the above Model Answer: b) Parasexual reproduction
10. Which reproductive spore is not enclosed in a sac? a) Conidiosphore b)
Arthroconidia c) Basidiospore d) Ascospore Model Answer: a) Conidiosphore
Which type of spore is formed within a sac (sporangium) at the end of an aerial hypha?
a) Athroconidia
b) Blastospores
c) Chlamydospores
d) Sporangiospores
Model Answer: d) Sporangiospores
What type of reproduction involves genetic exchange but is not strictly sexual?
a) Asexual reproduction
b) Parasexual reproduction
c) Sexual reproduction
d) None of the above
Model Answer: b) Parasexual reproduction
Which type of spore is formed within hyphae and is characterized by being thick-walled?
a) Athroconidia
b) Blastospores
c) Chlamydospores
d) Sporangiospores
Model Answer: c) Chlamydospores
What is the method of sexual reproduction for Basidiomycetes?
a) Zygospore
b) Ascospore
c) Basidiospore
d) Oospore
Model Answer: c) Basidiospore
Which type of fungi is characterized by having NO sexual reproduction?
a) Zygomycetes
b) Basidiomycetes
c) Ascomycetes
d) Deuteromycetes
Model Answer: d) Deuteromycetes
What is the reproductive spore that is not enclosed within a sac?
a) Athroconidia
b) Blastospores
c) Chlamydospores
d) Conidiospores
Model Answer: d) Conidiospores
Which group of true fungi is commonly associated with Dutch elm disease and rye smut?
a) Zygomycetes
b) Basidiomycetes
c) Ascomycetes
d) Deuteromycetes
Model Answer: c) Ascomycetes
What type of reproduction involves the fragmentation of hyphae into single thick cells?
a) Asexual reproduction
b) Parasexual reproduction
c) Sexual reproduction
d) None of the above
Model Answer: a) Asexual reproduction
Which type of spore is characterized by being formed at the end of an aerial hypha?
a) Athroconidia
b) Blastospores
c) Chlamydospores
d) Conidiospores
Model Answer: d) Conidiospores
What is the sexual phase of Ascomycetes characterized by?
a) Conidiospores
b) Ascospores
c) Basidiospores
d) Oospores
Model Answer: b) Ascospores
11. Which group of fungi includes the common bread mold Rhizopus? a) Zygomycetes
b) Basidiomycetes c) Ascomycetes d) Deuteromycetes Model Answer: a)
Zygomycetes
12. What is the method of sexual reproduction for Zygomycetes? a) Zygospore b)
Ascospore c) Basidiospore d) Oospore Model Answer: a) Zygospore
13. Which type of spore is formed by budding off the parent cell? a) Athroconidia b)
Blastospores c) Chlamydospores d) Conidiospores Model Answer: b)
Blastospores
14. What is the method of sexual reproduction for Basidiomycetes? a) Zygospore b)
Ascospore c) Basidiospore d) Oospore Model Answer: c) Basidiospore
15. Which type of fungi reproduce by means of asexual spores called conidia? a)
Zygomycetes b) Basidiomycetes c) Ascomycetes d) Deuteromycetes Model
Answer: d) Deuteromycetes
16. What type of reproduction involves genetic exchange but is not strictly sexual? a)
Asexual reproduction b) Parasexual reproduction c) Sexual reproduction d) None of
the above Model Answer: b) Parasexual reproduction
17. Which type of spore is formed within hyphae and is characterized by being thick-
walled? a) Athroconidia b) Blastospores c) Chlamydospores d) Conidiospores
Model Answer: c) Chlamydospores
18. Which group of true fungi is commonly associated with Dutch elm disease and rye
smut? a) Zygomycetes b) Basidiomycetes c) Ascomycetes d) Deuteromycetes
Model Answer: c) Ascomycetes
19. What is the reproductive spore that is not enclosed within a sac? a) Athroconidia b)
Blastospores c) Chlamydospores d) Conidiospores Model Answer: d)
Conidiospores
20. Which type of fungi is characterized by having NO sexual reproduction? a)
Zygomycetes b) Basidiomycetes c) Ascomycetes d) Deuteromycetes Model
Answer: d) Deuteromycetes
What is the primary method of reproduction for Zygomycetes?
a) Basidiospore formation
b) Ascospore formation
c) Zygospore formation
d) Oospore formation
Model Answer: c) Zygospore formation
Which group of true fungi includes puffballs and common mushrooms?
a) Zygomycetes
b) Basidiomycetes
c) Ascomycetes
d) Deuteromycetes
Model Answer: b) Basidiomycetes
What type of spore is formed by hundreds within a sac (sporangium) at the end of an aerial
hypha?
a) Athroconidia
b) Blastospores
c) Chlamydospores
d) Sporangiospores
Model Answer: d) Sporangiospores
Which group of fungi is responsible for diseases such as Dutch elm disease and rye smut?
a) Zygomycetes
b) Basidiomycetes
c) Ascomycetes
d) Deuteromycetes
Model Answer: c) Ascomycetes
What is the term used for fungal diseases caused by fungi that have NO sexual
reproduction?
a) Superficial mycoses
b) Cutaneous mycoses
c) Systemic mycoses
d) Deuteromycosis
Model Answer: d) Deuteromycosis
Which type of spore is characterized by being formed within a sporangium (sac) at the end
of an aerial hypha?
a) Athroconidia
b) Blastospores
c) Chlamydospores
d) Sporangiospores
Model Answer: d) Sporangiospores
What is the method of sexual reproduction for Ascomycetes?
a) Zygospore
b) Ascospore
c) Basidiospore
d) Oospore
Model Answer: b) Ascospore
Which type of fungi reproduce by means of asexual spores called conidia?
a) Zygomycetes
b) Basidiomycetes
c) Ascomycetes
d) Deuteromycetes
Model Answer: d) Deuteromycetes
What type of reproduction involves genetic exchange but is not strictly sexual?
a) Asexual reproduction
b) Parasexual reproduction
c) Sexual reproduction
d) None of the above
Model Answer: b) Parasexual reproduction
What is the reproductive spore that is not enclosed within a sac?
a) Athroconidia
b) Blastospores
c) Chlamydospores
d) Conidiospores
Model Answer: d) Conidiospores
31. Which group of fungi is characterized by having both sexual and asexual spores? a)
Zygomycetes b) Basidiomycetes c) Ascomycetes d) Deuteromycetes Model
Answer: d) Deuteromycetes
32. What is the primary method of reproduction for Basidiomycetes? a) Zygospore
formation b) Ascospore formation c) Basidiospore formation d) Oospore formation
Model Answer: c) Basidiospore formation
33. Which type of spore is formed by a bud coming off the parent cell? a) Athroconidia
b) Blastospores c) Chlamydospores d) Conidiospores Model Answer: b)
Blastospores
34. What is the term for fungal diseases that affect the skin, hair, or cornea? a)
Superficial mycoses b) Cutaneous mycoses c) Systemic mycoses d)
Deuteromycosis Model Answer: b) Cutaneous mycoses
35. Which group of fungi includes the environmental and infective form (mold form) and
the invasive form (yeast form)? a) Zygomycetes b) Basidiomycetes c) Ascomycetes
d) Deuteromycetes Model Answer: d) Deuteromycetes
36. What is the method of sexual reproduction for Zygomycetes? a) Zygospore b)
Ascospore c) Basidiospore d) Oospore Model Answer: a) Zygospore
37. Which type of fungi are characterized by having asexual spores called
sporangiospores? a) Zygomycetes b) Basidiomycetes c) Ascomycetes d)
Deuteromycetes Model Answer: a) Zygomycetes
38. What is the term for the process in which the haploid nuclei of donor cells fuse to
form a diploid zygote? a) Plasmogamy b) Karyogamy c) Meiosis d) Mitosis Model
Answer: b) Karyogamy
39. Which type of spore is formed within hyphae and has a thick-walled structure? a)
Athroconidia b) Blastospores c) Chlamydospores d) Conidiospores Model Answer:
c) Chlamydospores
40. What is the method of sexual reproduction for Ascomycetes? a) Zygospore b)
Ascospore c) Basidiospore d) Oospore Model Answer: b) Ascospore
Which type of fungi are characterized by having both sexual and asexual spores?
a) Zygomycetes
b) Basidiomycetes
c) Ascomycetes
d) Deuteromycetes
Model Answer: d) Deuteromycetes
What is the primary method of reproduction for Ascomycetes?
a) Zygospore formation
b) Ascospore formation
c) Basidiospore formation
d) Oospore formation
Model Answer: b) Ascospore formation
Which type of spore is formed within a sac (sporangium) at the end of an aerial hypha?
a) Athroconidia
b) Blastospores
c) Sporangiospores
d) Chlamydospores
Model Answer: c) Sporangiospores
What term is used to describe fungi that reproduce by means of asexual spores called
conidia?
a) Conidiosphore
b) Conidiophore
c) Conidial fungus
d) Conidiospore
Model Answer: d) Conidiospore
Which group of fungi is commonly used as agents for biological control of insects?
a) Zygomycetes
b) Basidiomycetes
c) Ascomycetes
d) Deuteromycetes
Model Answer: a) Zygomycetes
What term refers to the process of the haploid nuclei of donor cells fusing to form a diploid
zygote?
a) Plasmogamy
b) Karyogamy
c) Meiosis
d) Mitosis
Model Answer: b) Karyogamy
Which type of spore is characterized by being formed at the end of an aerial hypha and not
being enclosed within a sac?
a) Athroconidia
b) Blastospores
c) Conidiospores
d) Chlamydospores
Model Answer: c) Conidiospores
What is the term for fungi that cause disease in animals?
a) Mycologists
b) Mycology
c) Mycoses
d) Mykos
Model Answer: c) Mycoses
Which group of fungi is characterized by having no sexual reproduction?
a) Zygomycetes
b) Basidiomycetes
c) Ascomycetes
d) Deuteromycetes
Model Answer: d) Deuteromycetes
What is the primary method of reproduction for Basidiomycetes?
a) Zygospore formation
b) Ascospore formation
c) Basidiospore formation
d) Oospore formation
Model Answer: c) Basidiospore formation
