PART I : WORD FORMATI ONS

THEORYS
1. Ví trí, chức năng và dấu hiệu nhận biết từ loại
DANH TỪ(NOUN)
Vị trí của danh từ trong câu.
1. Chủ ngữ của câu (đầu cầu, đầu mệnh đề) Maths is the subject I like best
[Link] tính từ (good, beautiful..), She is a good teacher.
Sau tính từ sở hữu (my, your, his, her,..). His father works in hospital.
Cụm danh từ: a/ an the +(adv) +adj +N.
3. Làm tân ngữ, sau động từ I like English.
We are students.
4. Sau "enough" (enough +N) He didn't have enough money to buy that car.
5. Sau các mạo từ (a, an, the) She is a teacher.
Đại từ chỉ định (this, that, these, those); This book is an interesting book.
Lượng từ (each, no, any, a few, a little,..) I have a little money to go to the movie.
6. Sau giới từ: in, on, of, with, under, at... Thanh is good at literature.
Dấu hiệu nhận biết danh từ
-ion (distribution), -ment (development), -er (teacher) , -or (actor), -ant (accountant), -age
(marriage), -ship (friendship), -sm (enthusiasm), -ity (ability), -ness (happiness), -dom
(freedom), -ist (terrorist), -ian (physician), -hood (childhood), -ance (importance), -ence
(dependence), -ety (society), -ty (honesty)
TÍNH TỪ(ADJECTIVE)
Vị trí của tính từ trong câu
1. Trước danh từ: (a/an/the) +(adv) +adj +N My Tam is a famous singer.
2. Sau động từ liên kết: be/ seem/ appear/ feel/ Tom seems tired now
taste/ look/ keep/get/ keep/ make (sb) +adj The homework keeps me busy all the time
3. Sau "too": S+be/ seem/look..+too +adj.. Coffee seems too hot for me to drink.
4. Trước “enough": S +be +adj +enough.. She is tall enough to play volleyball.
5. Trong cấu trúc: so +adj +that The weather was so bad that we decided to stay
at home
6. Dùng dưới các dạng so sánh Meat is more expensive than fish.
7. Dùng trong câu cảm thán: How intelligent she is!
How +adj +S+V! What a beautiful girl!
What +(a/an) +adj +N!
Dấu hiệu nhận biết tính từ
-ful (helpful), -less (homeless), -ly (friendly), -al (national), -ble (acceptable), -ive (active), -ous
(famous), -ish (selfish), -y (foggy), -like (childlike), -ic (scientific), -ed (bored), -ing (interesting), -
ary (necessary), -ant (important), -ent (different)
TRẠNG TỪ
Vị trí của trạng từ trong câu
1. Trước động từ thường giữa trợ động từ và They seldom get up early in the morning.
động từ thường (đặc biệt là các trạng từ chỉ tần I have recently finished my homework.
suất: always, usually,...) I don't usually go to school late.
2. Trước tính từ: be/ feel/look.. +adv +adj She is very nice.
He looks extremely unwell.
3. Sau "too": V(thường) +too +adv ! The teacher speaks too quickly.

4. Trước "enough": V(thường) + adv The teacher speaks slowly enough for
+ enough us to understand.
5. Trong cấu trúc : V(thường) + so + Jack drove so fast that he caused an
adv + that accident.
6. Đứng cuối câu (trạng từ thời gian) I finished my essay last week.
7. Thường đứng 1 mình ở đầu câu/ Last summer I came back my home
giữa câu và cách các thành phần khác country.
của câu bằng dấu “,” Its raining hard. Tom, however, goes
to school.
Dấu hiệu nhận biết trạng từ:
Adv = adj + ly (beautifully, usefully, carefully, strongly, badly)
Ngoại lệ: Một số từ có đuôi “ly” nhưng là tính từ: daily: hàng ngày, early:
sớm; elderly: già, lớn tuổi; friendly: thân thiện, likely: có khả năng sẽ xảy ra;
costly = đắt đỏ; lively = sinh động, lonely
lẻ loi, lovely = đáng yêu, manly = nam tính; silly = ngớ ngẩn; ugly = xấu
xí; unlikely: không có khả năng xảy ra; monthly: hàng tháng; weekly:
hàng tuần, brotherly = như anh em; comely = duyên dáng; goodly = có
duyên; homely =giản dị, lowly = hèn mọn, masterly = tài giỏi; scholarly
uyên bác; shapely = dáng đẹp, timely = đúng lúc; unseemly = không
[Link] sưu tầm
phù hợp.
ĐỘNG TỪ
Vị trí của trạng từ trong câu
1. Thường đứng sau chủ ngữ Lam Anh plays volleyball everyday.
2. Đứng sau trạng từ chỉ tần suất I usually get up late.
Dấu hiệu nhận biết động từ
-ate (compensate), -ain (maintain); -flect (reflect), -flict (inflict); -spect
(respect), -scrib (describe), -ceive (deceive), -fy (modify), -isel-ize (realize), -
ude (include), -ide (devide), dus (evade), -tend (extend),...
PRACTICES
 Dạng bài tập cơ bản
Use the correct form of the word in brackets to complete the following
sentences.
1. There are some __expectations_____ to every grammatical rule. EXCEPT
2. The engineering sector achieved significant ____growth_________ GROW
last year.
3. I have a ___collection____ of old records from my grandma. COLLECT
4. He'll ____surely___ be coming later. SURE
5. Eric Clapton's guitar solos are __ legendary____. LEGEND
6. It was one of the most __enjoyable____ plays I've seen recently. ENJOY
7. In her time, Marilyn Monroe was a very __glamourous___ actress. GLAMOUR
8. It's___impossible____to tell whether he's lying or not. POSSIBLE
9. He's no worldwide star, but he had very humble BEGIN
__beginnings____.
10. They took ___measurements_____ of noise levels inside the MEASURE
building.
11. He's a really ___reliable___ person. RELY
12. She made several excellent observations in her essay on OBSERVE
Charles Dickens.
13. Watching TV shows in English is definitely very __useful___ to USE
improve your listening skills.
14. The Internet is probably one of the best ___inventions ____ ever. INVENT
15. The boat was 16 feet in ___length____. LONG
16. Both ____accuracy___ and fluency are important when speaking ACCURATE
a foreign language.
17. You shouldn't have said that! It was a totally ___inappropriate APPROPRIAT
____ remark. E
18. Since the earliest times, civilisations have understood the IMPORTANT
__importance__ of time.
19. Doing puzzles keeps our brains fit and ___healthy_____. HEALTH
20. As well as gaining ___satisfaction___, by doing puzzles we give SATISFY
our brains a good workout.
21. The most ___successful___ games have sold in the millions. SUCCESS
22. People have ____discovered___ that doing puzzles is good for COVER
you.
23. It's easy to find a __solution___ to the problems posed. SOLVE
24. There has been an ___improvement___ in the power of their IMPROVE
brains.
25. Some _scientists___ argue that the brain gets better at a task SCIENCE
the more it repeats it.
26. The improvement in the ____performance____is something that PERFORM
happens naturally.
27. It remains ___certain____ whether puzzles are actually helping to CERTAIN
boost brainpower or not.
28. According to ___research____, most people sleep less than 8 SEARCH
hours every day.
29. The advice passed down to our grandparents may contain some TRUE
__truth__.
30. A good example is the___relationship___between being cold and RELATION
catching a cold.
31. These high-heeled shoes are ___suitable____ for such rough SUIT
terrain.
32. Colds are caused by viruses, so in the ___absence_____ of a virus, ABSENT
you can't catch a cold.
33. You're too young. This film is __inappropriate______ for children APPROPRIAT
your age. E
34. ___scientists____ now think that we may have viruses in our SCIENCE
bodies already.
35. In cold weather, for example, blood vessels in the nose get FORTUNATE
smaller to stop heat escaping. ___Unfortunately____, this also allows
the cold virus to attack the nose or throat more easily.
36. Victoria Falls in Africa is one of the most SPECTACLE
______spectacular_______sights in the world.
37. It's also an ___incredible ____ place for water sports. CREDIBLE
38. We need you to provide an accurate __description_____ of the DESCRIBE
situation.
39. On arrival, it's the noise that makes the greatest__imprssion___. IMPRESS
40. The ___surounding___ landscape is also well worth a visit. SURROUND
41. There's a post office a bit _____farther____down the road. FAR
42. Six months after the accident, he still has ___difficulty___ DIFFICULT
walking.
43. I can't play tennis that well because I'm a ___beginner____. BEGIN
44. Don't go there. It's ___dangerous______. DANGER
45. Read this. It'll be very ____useful____ for your trip to Australia. USE
46. I didn't find him that __attractive___, but my friend did. ATTRACT
47. The school has a ___reputation____ for being very up-to-date REPUTE
with technology.
48. These are ___designer ____clothes and that's why they are very DESIGN
expensive.
49. I left the party because it was ___extremely____ noisy in there. EXTREME
50. I had no ____choice____but to tell him. CHOOSE
51. This cloth is made from ___natural___ fibers. NATURE
52. If you want to take care of the environment, it's important to CYCLE
___recycle____.
53. In the next few years, ____ scientists ____ will hopefully have SCIENCE
found a cure for malaria.
54. According to the __research____, the epidemic started in Kuala SEARCH
Lumpur.
55. ____Isolation_____from family and friends can lead to feelings of ISOLATE
anxiety.
56. I was ___able_____ to understand what the problem was. ABLE
57. There will be a ___mix____of solo games and competitive games MIX
available.
58. Participants will later be asked for ____feedback____ on the FEED
event.
59. It was an___emotional_____reunion and we were all really EMOTION
touched when we remembered how we had met.
60. I am writing to ask for further ____information_____ on your INFORM
Open Day.
61. This took place at the end of the __twentieth___ century. TWENTY
62. People really ___enjoyed____the party. JOY
63. Meditation is great as a means of ___relaxation____. RELAX
64. This method is a lot more ____effective____than the previous one. EFFECT
65. Picasso was a Spanish ___artist____who also lived in France. ART
66. There has been little ____movement_____ in the negotiations MOVE
since January.
67. ____Surprisingly___ enough, I didn't know she already had four SURPRISE
children.
68. His voice was____instantly_____recognizable. INSTANT
69. The only cure for ____boredom____ is creativity. BORE
70. This is a textile company ____specializing____ in denim. SPECIAL
71. ___sadness__is a part of life, but you have to be able to enjoy the SAD
others too.
72. Without that, I wouldn't be happy even if I was the __richest__ RICH
man in the world.
73. The music in the festival was so loud. It was ___deafening___! DEAF
74. I don't think my marks can get ____higher_____ because I already HIGH
study to the best of my abilities.
75. The ___largest_____ river fish in Europe lives in Spain! LARGE
76. Passeig de Gràcia is being ____widened____ so there is more WIDE
room for people to walk on the pavement.
77. I can ____surely_____ that if you study you will have no problems SURE
passing this test.
78. Nowadays there are lots of ___dangerous____ species of animals DANGER
in the world, for example, the panda.
79. I was ___encouraged____ to take the driving test by my friends. COURAGE
80. I see they've finally got round to ___widening____ the Shoreham WIDE
road.
81. The teacher asked us to ___summarize___ the main ideas in the SUMMARY
chapter we had read in class.
82. The top manager of the shop told me that my credit card was not VALIDATE
__valid__ to pay for the jeans which cost under 20€.
83. Art in the 20th century is usually referred to as ____modern_____ MODERNIZE
art.
84. Everybody listens to David Guetta's music. It's so COMMERCE
____commercial______.
85. Butterflies are thoroughly____classified_____by scientists. CLASS
86. She ___examplified_____ the qualities of a good leader. EXAMPLE
87. Many people don't understand the ____Simplicity____ of life. SIMPLE
88. It's impossible to tell those twins apart! They are __identical___. IDENTITY
89. He made several wrong____generalizations____about women. GENERAL
90. It was hard to ___Differentiating____ between the two styles of DIFFERENCE
music.
91. He hasn't finished the preparation course, so he's QUALIFY
not____qualified____for this job.
92. She was ___captivated_____ by the colour of the plant. CAPTIVE
93. At the auction, Elton John's car was ___valued____ at 1 million VALUE
euros.
94. The ___Assassination___ took place next door at 2 am. ASSASSIN
95. The main ___characteristic____ of this painting are its bright CHARACTER
colours and its sense of perspective.
96. ____Stability___ is important in a relationship. STABLE
97. Despite his ____familiarity_____ with that type of vehicle, he had FAMILIAR
an accident because a cat made him crash into a tree.
98. At the best moment of its empire, Rome had ___Dominance____ DOMINANT
over all the Mediterranean.
99. Nowadays almost everything can be ___computerize___ thanks COMPUTER
to the use of technology.
100. I wish I had the ___strength___ to do that. STRONG
 Dạng bài tập nâng cao
Complete the passage using the correct form of the words in the capital
letters.
Exercise 1
To neighbors, Mr Stewart is a dull man who speaks (1)impolitely
very_________(1)and whose only form_________(2)is his job. And to (2)Entertaining
a certain extent it's true, since Mr Stewart finds his job (3)interesting
very_________(3)He is an antique dealer and goes to (4)happily
work_________(4)every day. He handles some (5)expensive
very_________(5)pieces sometimes, which can make his (6)dangerous
job_________(6)as there have recently been quite a few (7robberies
_________(7)at antique shops. So not _________(8), Mr Stewart (8)surprisingly
decided that his own business needed some extra (9)protection
_________(9)After having an alarm system put in, Mr Stewart (10)completely
doesn't feel _________(10)secure but he does feel more protected.
Exercise 2
You may know that Asian, Middle Eastern and Mediterranean (1) traditionally
cultures have _________(1)used garlic in their dishes. What you (2)valuable
may not know is that garlic was also thought of as a (3)professionals
_________(2)medicine by many ancient civilisations. Today, (4)information
_________(3)in the field of nutrition have come up with (5)illnesses
new_________(4)which is indeed quite surprising. Apparently, not (6)disadvantage
only is garlic good for you but it also helps overcome various (7)breath
_________(5)The main _________(6)to eating garlic is of course bad (8)natural
_________(7)Cooking it reduces the strong smell and eating (9)seriously
parsley, which is a _________(8)deodoriser, also helps minimise (10)favourite
the smell. So, it's time we took the benefits of
garlic_________(9)Why not add it to some of your
_________(10)dishes!
Exercise 3
Being a _________(1), I often have to go on strange assignments. (1)journalist
So when my editor told me to do a story on one of the (2)famous
_________(2)health spas in Switzerland, I was only too happy to go (3)various
and take it easy for a week or two. However, when I got there (4) anger
and saw the programme, I began to panic. I had to go on a diet (5)building
and participate in a _________(3)of exercise classes. My (6) organization
_________(4)turned to rage when they insisted I go to bed very (7)neighbor
early so as to get up at 6:00 a. m. and eat breakfast in a (8)invitation
_________(5)which looked like a greenhouse. I must admit that (9)amusing
they ran an excellent _________(6)Anyway, you can imagine how (10)frightened
happy I was to see my familiar _________(7)when I finally arrived
home. A few months later, I received an _________(8)rom the same
clinic for a week's worth of free treatment. My family thought it
rather _________(9)when they saw the_________(10)look on my
face.
Exercise 4
My father was a police _________(1), my mother a (1) inspector
_________(2)Their _________(3)to move to a small town when I was (2) teacher
a child changed my life. It was a very _________(4)place and of (3) decided
course living there meant that I had much more _________(5)to go (4) peaceful
wherever I pleased. The people were _________(6)but I missed my (5) freedom
close friends, my school and the_________(7)city I had lived in. As I (6) friendly
grew up, I realized that there wasn't much for a young person to (7) noisy
do there, except rush into _________(8). When I left, my parents (8) marriage
were sad, but they realized that staying there would only make (9) miserable
me _________(9)The big city I live in now is not very far away, so I (10) frequently
can visit my parents _________(10)and have the best of both
worlds.
Exercise 5
The economic crisis facing many countries today, has created (1) employment
serious _________(1)problems. _________(2)young people, willing to (2) Energetic
work, are confronted by many _________(3)when trying to find a (3) difficulty
job. Filling in countless _________(4)forms and hearing that they (4) application
are _________(5)for the job because they don't have the right (5) unsuited
_________(6)can be disheartening. Finding a job seems just (6) qualification
_________(7)However, their _________(8)shouldn't affect them nor (7) impossible
make them give up. There is no straightforward _________(9)other (8)
than _________(10)and persistence. disappointment
(9) solution
(10) patience
Exercise 6
There are a myriad of lifestyle issues affecting the youth of today. (1) Unrealistic
Such is the pressure heaped on many school-goers to achieve (2) desperation
academic excellence by their parents that these _________ (1) (3) pushy
expectations are causing children to become hopelessly (4) tantamount
depressed. Indeed, some, in their_________ (2) to escape and their (5) self-harm
sense of guilt at being unable reach the levels of success (6) virtual
demanded of them by their _________ (3) parents, either rebel in (7) dramatically
what is _________ (4) to a cry for help, or, worse still, engage in (8) buddies
_________ (5). It is no coincidence that suicide rates, expecially (9) deprivation
amongst young males, have been rising steadily for some time (10) erratic
now. These are tough times to be a teen. (11) antisocial
Then there are those who get hooked on the internet; the (12) skyrockets
_________ (6) world becomes their reality. For these teens, their
social circle shrinks _________ (7) until, at last, their friendship
sphere is limited solely to their online _________ (8). Not alone do
they commonly suffer from sleep _________ (9) on account of their
destructive addiction to game play and net-surfing, their
behaviour may become so _________ (10) and peculiar over time as
to be considered _________ (11) . And while they sit at their
computer screens hidden away in splendid isolation from the real
world, such is the lack of exercise they get that their calorie
intake far exceeds what is necessary for them to maintain a
stable weight. In essence, due to their sedentary lifestyle, their
weight _________ (12) until such time as they become morbidly
obese.
Exercise 7
The standard of television programming produced in this country (1) watershed
 is in terminal decline. The _________ (1) has become a (2) applicability
meaningless term confined in its _________ (2) to _________ (3) (3) bygone
days when adult content felt the full force of censorship and was (4) infomercials
not allowed to appear on the box until after 9:00 p.m. Nowadays, (5) picking
however, it seems anything goes any time. And, truth told, (6) netizen
whatever anything is, it seldom 'goes' for much longer than a half (7) re-runs
hour or so at any rate before it is interrupted by a commercial (8) yesteryear
break. And don't even get me started on those appalling
_________ (4) most of the networks run right the way through the
night, one after another, for up to thirty minutes at a time. lt is
truly painful. Terrestrial television is now, as far as I am
concerned, a laughing stock. All the quality has been bought up
by the satellite networks, with their big-money weight behind
them, but even here _________ (5) are slim. In protest at the dire
state of things, I have become a converted _________ (6). I look to
the web now to find good content. There, I can find just enough
_________ (7) of quality programmes to prevent myself from falling
into utter despair and pining for the good old days of _________
(8).
Exercise 8
In January 2001, the _________ (1) Panel on Climate Change (1)
(IPCC) issued its latest report on climate change. Climate models intergovernmenta
worked out by giant super-computers had become far more l
reliable since the previous report in 1995 and allowed them to (2) reappraise
_________ (2) the earlier projections for global warming. Their (3) unequivocally
conclusions were that something very serious is happening and (4)
that it cannot be a natural process. The 1990s was the hottest concentrations
decade for 1,000 years and the Earth is warming faster than at (5) cattle-raising
any time in the last 10,000 years. According to the report, human (6) decomposing
activities are _________ (3) to blame for the temperature rise. The (7) livelihoods
burning of fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide and, due to (8) unanimity
deforestation, there are fewer trees to absorb this gas and (9) emissions
recycle it back into oxygen. Methane _________ (4) have also gone (10) enact
up dramatically because of increases in rice culture and _________
(5), both of which generate methane from _________ (6)
vegetation. These greenhouses gases trap heat in the Earth’s
atmosphere and cause the temperature to rise. In the worst case,
the resulting melting of ice-caps and glaciers would cause sea
levels to rise by up to 88 cm, endangering the homes and
_________ (7) of tens of millions of people who live in low-lying
regions.
Unfortunately, there is far greater _________ (8) among the
world’s scientists over the issue than among politicians. As long
ago as 1990, the IPCC recommended a 60% reduction in carbon
dioxide _________ (9), as the basic level required to return the
planet’s climate to a healthy level. Governments globally failed to
_________ (10) these proposals. Now that the dangers have been
reaffirmed by the latest report, it is high time that governments
took an active interest in exploring alternative, renewable energy
sources.
Exercise 9
People intuitively recognize the importance of self-esteem to (1) communal
their psychological health, so it isn't particularly remarkable (2) societal
that most of us try to protect and enhance it in ourselves (3) dysfunctions
whenever possible. What is remarkable is that attention to self- (4)
esteem has become a(n) _________(1) concern, at least for underachievemen
Americans, who see a favorable opinion of oneself as the central t
psychological source from which all manner of positive (5) self-regard
outcomes spring. The corollary, that low self-esteem lies at the (6) entitled
root of individual and thus _________(2) problems and
_________(3), has sustained an ambitious social agenda for
decades. Indeed, campaigns to raise people's sense of self-worth
abound. Consider what transpired in California in the late
1980s. Prodded by State Assemblyman John Vasconcellos,
Governor George Deukmejian set up a task force on self-esteem
and personal and social responsibility. Vasconcellos argued that
raising self-esteem in young people would reduce crime, teen
pregnancy, drug abuse, school _________(4) and pollution. At one
point, he even expressed the hope that these efforts would one
day help balance the state budget, a prospect predicated on the
observation that people with high _________(5) earn more than
others and thus pay more in taxes. Along with its other
activities, the task force assembled a team of scholars to survey
the relevant literature. The results appeared in a 1989 volume
_________(6) The Social Importance of Self-Esteem, which stated
that "many, if not most, of the major problems plaguing society
have roots in the low self-esteem of many of the people who
make up society." In reality, the report contained little to
support that assertion.
Exercise 10
Pop art was a(n) _________(1) art style in which _________(2) (1)
objects such as comic strips, soup cans and road signs were used unconventional
as subject matter, and were often incorporated into the work. The (2)
pop art movement was largely a British and American cultural commonplace
phenomenon of the late 1950s and ‘60s. Art critic Lawrence (3) icongraphy
Alloway, referring to the prosaic _________(3) of its painting and (4) universally
sculpture, named the movement pop art. It represented an (5)
attempt to return to a more objective and _________(4) accepted expressionism
form of art after the dominance in both the United States and (6) supremacy
Europe of the highly personal abstract _________(5). The art form (7)
was iconoclastic, rejecting the _________(6) of the ‘high art’ of the pretentiousness
past and the _________(7) of other contemporary avant-garde art. (8)
Pop art became a cultural institution because of its close comprehensible
reflection of a particular social situation and because its easily (9)
_________(8) images were immediately exploited by the mass discriminatory
media. Although the critics of pop art describe it as sensational (10)
and non-aesthetic, its proponents saw it as an art that was unfavourable
democratic and not _________(9), bringing together both
connoisseurs and untrained inexperienced viewers. Even though
public reaction to pop art was _________(10), it found critical
acceptance as a form of art suited to the highly technological,
mass media-oriented society of western countries.