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© TeeJay Publishers 2014

Second Edition published by TeeJay Publishers - May 2017

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page (i)

246300 Year 5 Textbook _Front_

 Year 5
Textbook
Book 5
Produced by members of the TeeJay Writing Group.

T Strang, J Geddes and J Cairns.

Front and Back Cover designed by Fraser McKie.

(http://www.frasermckie.com)

TEXTBOOK

5
page (ii)

246300 Year 5 Textbook _Front_

 National Curriculum TextBook 5

• This book covers every outcome of the Year 5 course, as laid out in the
National Curriculum England Framework Document, (September 2013).

• There are no A and B exercises. The book covers the entire Year 5 course
without the teacher having to pick and choose which questions to leave out
and which exercises are important. They all are !

• The book follows on directly from TeeJay’s Year 4 Book and includes
revision and consolidation of the work covered in the Year 4 course.

• The Year 5 Book contains an 8 page “Chapter Zero” which primarily revises
every topic from the Year 4 course and can be used as a diagnostic tool.
This could be followed by TeeJay’s diagnostic assessments * of the work
covered in our Year 4 book.

• It also contains a Chapter 19 which revises every topic from the Year 5
course, prior to an end of year assessment.

• Non-calculator skills are emphasised and encouraged throughout the book.

• Each chapter has a “Revisit - Review - Revise” exercise as a summary.

• Homework*, mirroring exercise by exercise, the topics in this book, is

available as a photocopiable pack.

• TeeJay’s Assessment Pack* for Year 5 work, is also available as a

photocopiable pack, and can be used topic by topic or combined to form a
series of Year 5 Cumulative Tests. It also contains a series of longer
assessments covering the Outcomes as laid out in the National Curriculum
England framework document (Sept 2013).

We make no apologies for the multiplicity of colours used throughout the

book, both for text and in diagrams - we feel it helps brighten up the pages !!

T Strang, J Geddes, J Cairns

(June 2014)

* Available for purchase separately.

page (iii)

246300 Year 5 Textbook _Front_

 Contents

CH TOPIC EX CONTENT PAGES

0 Revision Revision of all Year 4 book 1-8

1 Whole No’s 1 Place value up to 1 000 000 9-10

2 Going up in 10’s, 100’s, 1000’s, 10 000’s and 100 000’s 11
3 Rounding to nearest 10, 100, 1000, 10 000 and 100 000 12
4 Using rounding to estimate 13
5 Roman Numerals up to 1000 14-15

Revisit-Revise-Review 16

2 Addition and 1 Add and subtract numbers with up to 6 digits 17-18

Subtraction 2 Add and subtract numbers mentally 19-20
3 Using rounding to estimate answers mentally 21
4 Multi-step problems involving addition & subtraction 22

Revisit-Revise-Review 23

3 Angles 1 1 Types of angles 24-25

2 Naming angles using 3 letters 26-27
3 Measuring angles 28-29
4 Drawing angles 30
5 Compass points (Extension) 31-32

Revisit-Revise-Review 33-34

4 Multiplication 1 Multiplication by a single digit 35-36

and Division 2 Multiplication by 2 digits (long multiplication) 37
3 Multiplication by 10, 100 and 1000 38
4 Division by 10, 100 and 1000 39
5 Multiplying and dividing mentally 40
6 Division by a single digit (no remainder) 41
7 Division by a single digit (with a remainder) 42-43

Revisit-Revise-Review 44

5 Negative numbers 1 Integers (revision) 45

2 Negative numbers and the thermometer 46-48

Revisit-Revise-Review 49

6 Measure 1 1 Area (Revision) 50-51

2 Area of a rectangle (a formula) 52-54
3 Areas and perimeters of simple composite shapes 55-56

Revisit-Revise-Review 57

page (iv)

246300 Year 5 Textbook _Front_

CH TOPIC EX CONTENT PAGES

7 Special Numbers 1 Multiples 58

2 Factors 59
3 Prime numbers 60-61
4 Squares and cubes 62
5 Mixed exercise - problem solving 63

Revisit-Revise-Review 64

8 Angles 2 1 Angles (Revision) 65

2 Complementary and supplementary angles 66-67
3 Angles round a point 68
4 Mixed exercise 69
5 Angles in shapes 70

Revisit-Revise-Review 71

9 Decimals 1 The third decimal place 72

2 More on adding and subtracting decimals 73-74
3 Changing decimals into fractions 74
4 Rounding to nearest whole number or to 1 decimal place 75-76
5 Multiplying decimals by 10, 100 and 1000 77
6 Dividing decimals by 10, 100 and 1000 78

Revisit-Revise-Review 79

10 3-D & 2-D Shapes 1 3-D Shapes 80-83

2 3-D shapes in the real world 84
3 Polygons - regular or irregular ? 85-86

Revisit-Revise-Review 87-88

11 Fractions 1 1 Equivalent fractions 89-90

2 Comparing fractions 91
3 Improper fractions and mixed numbers 92-94

Revisit-Revise-Review 95

12 Coordinates 1 Coordinates (Revision) 96

2 Translation 97
3 Reflection 98-99

Revisit-Revise-Review 100

13 Percentages 1 What is a percentage ? 101-102

2 Linking fractions, decimals and percentages 103
3 Finding a (simple) percentage of a quantity 104
4 Finding a (more difficult) percentage of a quantity 105-106

Revisit-Revise-Review 107

page (v)

246300 Year 5 Textbook _Front_

CH TOPIC EX CONTENT PAGES

14 Measure 2 1 Volumes by counting cubes 108-110

2 Converting units of measurement 111
3 Money & measurement - addition/subtraction problems 112-113
4 Metric and imperial measure 114

Revisit-Revise-Review 115

15 An Introduction 1 Basic Equations (Extension) 116-118

to Algebra 2 Algebra equations 119-120

Revisit-Revise-Review 121

16 Fractions 2 1 Adding and subtracting (basic) fractions 122-123

2 Adding and subtracting (harder) fractions 124-125
3 Multiply a fraction or mixed number by a whole number 126-127

Revisit-Revise-Review 128

17 Time 1 Time (Revision) 129

2 Short time intervals 130
3 Longer time intervals 131-133
4 More about timetables 134-136

Revisit-Revise-Review 137

18 Statistics 1 Line Graphs (Revision) 138-140

2 Misleading graphs 141-143
3 Interpreting pie charts 144-145
4 Conducting a survey 146

Revisit-Revise-Review 147

19 Revision Revision of all Year 5 work 148-155

Answers Answers 157-167

page (vi)

246300 Year 5 Textbook _Front_

 Revision - Year 4

1. Write out the number 8056 fully in words.

2. Write the number seven thousand four hundred and one using digits.

3. Rearrange the numbers given below in order, starting with the smallest :-
6051 7040 7001 6688 7018 7051.

4. What numbers are represented by P, Q, R and S on the given scales ?

P Q R S

800 900 1000 5900 6000

5. What number lies halfway between 3200 and 7200 ?

6. Write down the number that is 3000 less than 8100.

7. Write down the next two numbers each time :-

a 975, 970, 965, ..., .... b 480, 500, 520, ..., ......
c 7100, 6800, 6500, ..., .... d 8000, 6500, 5000, ..., ....

8. a Change to number form :- (i) XXVI (ii) LXIX (iii) XCIV.

b Change to Roman numerals :- (i) 29 (ii) 57 (iii) 99.

9. How many lines of symmetry do each of these shapes have ?

a b c d

10. Trace or copy this shape and draw

the other half so the red dotted line
is a line of symmetry.

11. Set down and then work out :-

a 6486 b 6327 – 1853 c 7896 d 10 000

+ 2827 + 999 – 2475

Year 5 Book - Chapter 0 page 1 Revision of Year 4

246300 Year 5 Textbook _Front_

12. From London to New York is 3458 miles.
From London to Bangkok is 5921 miles.
a How much further is it from London to Bangkok
than from London to New York ?
b If Nikki flew from Bangkok to London, then on to
New York, how far would she have flown altogether ?

13. Do the following mentally (no working should be seen) :-

a 49 + 35 b 349 + 99 c 6300 + 3500 d 81 – 18

e 4800 – 650 f 10 000 – 6400 g 3146 + 2999 h 5000 – 19.

14. Round to the :-

a nearest 10 :– (i) 73 (ii) 297 (iii) 625.
b nearest 100 :– (i) 549 (ii) 2951 (iii) 9805.
c nearest 1000 :– (i) 3847 (ii) 8099 (iii) 6500.

15. Change these times to 24 hour format :–

a 7.40 am b 11.10 at night c 20 to 5 in the afternoon.

16. Write the following in 12 hour format :- (remember to use am or pm)

a 0855 b 1350 c 1135 d 2240.

17. How many minutes are there between :-

a 8 pm and 9.30 pm b noon and 1310 c 1555 and 1640 ?

18. a How many days are there in :– (i) April (ii) December ?
b How many months are there in 5 years ?
c How many days are there from the 28th of March
to the 9th of April, including both dates ?

19. Copy and complete :-

a 9 x 6 = .... b 5 x 11 = .... c 8 x 8 = ....
d 10 x 12 = .... e 7 x 9 = .... f 2 x 5 x 7 = .... .

20. What numbers are missing ?

a 7 x .... = 49 b .... x 6 = 300 c .... x 8 = 72
d .... x 11 = 110 e 9 x .... = 108 f .... x 5 = 500.

Year 5 Book - Chapter 0 page 2 Revision of Year 4

246300 Year 5 Textbook _Front_

21. Copy and complete these multiplications :-
a 65 b 207 c 387
x9 x8 x7

d 203 e 178 f 345

x 10 x5 x6

22. Lucy lives in Nottingham, which is 129 km

by road from London.
She drove back and forwards 4 times last month.
How far in total did she drive ?

23. State what temperatures are represented on these thermometers :–

–10°C –5°C 0°C 5°C 10°C

b
–20°C –10°C 0°C 10°C 20°C

24. What is the temperature :-

a 10°C up from 3°C b 8°C down from 2°C
c 5°C up from –6°C d 3°C down from -7°C ?

25. Which integer is halfway between :-

a 20 and 28 b –30 and 30 c –8 and –2 ?

26. Copy and complete :-

a 5 35 b 7 84 c 8 112 d 6 138

e 9 207 f 4 264 g 8 256 h 10 250 .

27. Write in the form 6 72 and work out the answer :-

a 91 ÷ 7 b 265 c 144 divided by 8 d 6 into 78

5
196
e f 135 divided by 9 g 10 into 4700 h 360 ÷ 8.
4

28. Four new tyres cost £188. What is the cost of 1 tyre ?

Year 5 Book - Chapter 0 page 3 Revision of Year 4

246300 Year 5 Textbook _Front_

29. When Bill and his 5 friends shared a pools win, they each got £275.
How much did the group win in total ?

30. Copy the coordinate grid shown opposite.

y
8
a Write down the coordinates of point A.
7

b Plot the 3 points P(0, 2), Q(1, 6) 6

and R(5, 7). 5

4
S is a point to be put on the grid so
3
that figure PQRS is a rhombus. AX
2
c On your diagram plot the point S 1
and write down its coordinates.
O 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x

31. What decimal number is

represented by this (this represents
diagram ? 1 whole unit)

32. Draw diagrams (similar to Question 31) to represent :- a 3·2 b 1·43.

33. In the decimal number 4·96, what does the :-

a 9 represent b 4 represent c 6 represent ?

34. Write down the number that is :-

7
a 0·5 up from 7·5 b 0·03 down from 2·42 c 10
up from 5·4.

35. What number is halfway between :-

a 0·2 and 0·8 b 6·6 and 7·0 c 0·34 and 0·38 ?

36. a Arrange in order, smallest first :- 3·9, 3·28, 3·67, 4, 3·3, 3·23.
b Arrange in order, largest first :- 5·77, 5·8, 6·62, 6·18, 7·9, 6·05.

37. To what decimal numbers are the arrows pointing ?

a b

15·4 15·5 15·6 11 12 13

Year 5 Book - Chapter 0 page 4 Revision of Year 4

246300 Year 5 Textbook _Front_

38. This triangle can be described as follows :- R

Triangle PQR is an obtuse angled isosceles triangle.

Name and describe both of these triangles fully :- P Q

K
a b S
V

I J T

39. Round the following to the nearest whole number :-

a 9·3 b 11·8 c 32·51 d 88·45.

40. Do the following mentally (no working) :-

a 3·6 + 8·2 b 11·3 + 6·47 c 9·6 – 3·4 d 0·92 – 0·88.

41. Copy the following and find :-

a 3·82 b 35·54 c 10·8 d 15·65
+ 2·49 + 6·72 – 6·3 – 9·87

e £3·87 + £4·95 f £24·48 + £5·32 g £5·63 – £2·87 h 15·05 - 2·95

i 45·42 – 9·73 j 30 – 2·45 k 85·7 – 38·49 l 100 - 13·99.

42. Nadia buys a denim jacket for £27·49 and a pair of jeans for £19·99.
How much change should she receive from a £50 note ?

43. a Write down the meaning of the term regular polygon.

b Name 6 different types of polygons.

44. True (T) or False (F) ?

a A rectangle is made up of 2 identical isosceles triangles.
b The opposite angles of a rhombus are equal.
c A kite has 2 pairs of equal sides.
d A parallelogram has at least 1 line of symmetry.
e A square can only fit onto itself 4 times, allowing for turning over and rotating.

45. Write down 2 ways in which a rectangle is different from a parallelogram.

Year 5 Book - Chapter 0 page 5 Revision of Year 4

246300 Year 5 Textbook _Front_

46. Name the quadrilateral with 2 lines of symmetry but with no right angles.

47. Write each of these amounts using a decimal point :-

a b c

48. Find :-
a £39·56 b £172·69 c £37·43 – £28·69 d £137·46 + £62·54.
+ £25·48 – £83·45

49. a Nina spent £7·89 and gave a £20 note. How much change did she receive ?
b Nigel got £6·95 change from a £10 and a £20 note. How much had he spent ?

50. How many :-

a minutes in 5 hours b seconds in 3 minutes c weeks in 2 years ?

51. How many days are there in :-

a March b August c November ?

52. Change each of these to minutes and seconds :-

a 100 secs b 360 secs c 1000 secs.

53. Change each of these to hours and minutes :-

a 70 mins b 210 mins c 600 mins.

54. Change each of these from minutes and seconds to seconds :-

a 2 mins 15 secs b 3 mins 40 secs c 5 mins 55 secs.

55. Change each of these from hours and minutes to minutes :-

a 2 hrs 50 mins b 6 hrs 1 min c 20 hrs 20 mins.

56. Copy and complete :-

a 3 mins 25 secs b 9 mins 55 secs c 4 hrs 10 mins
+ 4 mins 30 secs – 6 mins 20 secs – 2 hrs 50 mins

Year 5 Book - Chapter 0 page 6 Revision of Year 4

246300 Year 5 Textbook _Front_

57. Write down the answer to each of these :-
a 3250 x 10 b 43 x 100 c 7 x 1000 d 820 ÷ 10
e 9000 ÷ 100 f 3000 ÷ 1000 g 8x9 h 15 x 10
i 84 ÷ 12 j 110 ÷ 11 k 144 ÷ 9 l 220 ÷ 11.

58. Polythene CD covers come in boxes of 100.

A company bought in 25 boxes.
How many covers was that ?

59. A football team consists of 11 players.

12 teams entered a football tournament.
How many players is that altogether ? (Forget subs).

60. In the “olden” days, there were 12 old pennies to

an old shilling.
How many shillings would I have if I had 156 pennies ?

61. Change :-
a 5 cm 6 mm to mm b 2000 mm to cm c 125 mm to cm & mm
d 3 m 75 cm to cm e 560 cm to m & cm f 2 km 900 m to m
g 8250 m to km & m h 3 m to mm i 2 41 km to m.

62. Change :-
a 3 litres 800 ml to ml b 5200 ml to L & ml c 4 12 litres to ml.

63. Change :-
a 5 kg 650 g to g b 9050 g to kg & g c 10 41 kg to g.

64. Which of these two shapes has the bigger perimeter and by how much is it bigger ?

10·3 cm

square
7·6 cm rectangle

9·5 cm

Year 5 Book - Chapter 0 page 7 Revision of Year 4

246300 Year 5 Textbook _Front_

65. Write down the shaded area of
this shape in cm2 .

66. Simplify each of these fractions as far as possible :-

10 12 5 28
a 15
b 16
c 35
d 35
.

67. Find :-
1 2 7 2
a 6
of 42 b 3
of 120 c 8
of 1600 d 9
of 36.

68. Find :-
1
a 7
+ 3
7
b 5
8
– 81 c 1
2 10 3
+ 4 10 d 63
4
– 1 41 .

1 77 9
69. Write as a decimal :- a 4
b 100
c 10
.

70. A group of children was asked to list the first thing that came into their heads
when asked the question - “What would you take to the beach with you ?”

bucket/spade ball costume bucket/spade towel costume

bucket/spade ball bucket/spade ball bucket/spade suncream
towel costume bucket/spade towel ball costume
bucket/spade ball ball bucket/spade ball towel

suncream costume bucket/spade ball bucket/spade costume

a Draw a frequency table to represent the above information.

b Now draw a neat labelled bar chart.

71. A lady made a note of the number of

Butterflies in garden
butterflies in her garden one day over
a 7 hour period from 9 in the morning.
60
a How many butterflies were there at :-
Number of butterflies

(i) 10.00 (ii) 11.00 ?

40

b At what time was there the largest

number of butterflies present ? 20

c Between which two times did the

0
number of butterflies appear to 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00

remain unchanged ? Time

d Why do you think the number began to drop off quickly at 4 o’clock ?

Year 5 Book - Chapter 0 page 8 Revision of Year 4

246300 Year 5 Textbook _Front_

 Whole Numbers
Understand
Place Values
place value for
numbers up to
Example :- 1 000 000.
100000 10000 1000 100 10 1

In the number 346 785, 3 4 6 7 8 5

the 3 stands for three hundred thousand 300 000
the 4 stands for forty thousand 40 000
Three hundred and
the 6 stands for six thousand 6 000 forty six thousand,
the 7 stands for seven hundred 700 seven hundred
and eighty five.
the 8 stands for eight tens 80 346 785
the 5 stands for five units 5
346 785

Exercise 1
1. What do the following digits stand for in the number 487 293 :-
a 2 b 7 c 8 d 4?

2. What does the 7 stand for in each of these numbers :-

a 58 740 b 35 279 c 647 900 d 740 601 ?

3. Write the following numbers out fully in words :-

a 4080 b 21 900 c 71 350 d 235 080
e 703 460 f 870 000 g 493 070 h 750 062.

4. Write the following numbers using digits :-

a four thousand, two hundred and one
b seventeen thousand and fifty
c two hundred and thirty thousand and four
d four hundred and seven thousand and eighty
e one hundred thousand and seven
f five hundred and sixty thousand and forty.

5. Put the following sets of numbers in order, smallest first :-

a 7068, 6876, 7086, 6786, 7008, 7080, 6867.
b 100 870, 99 924, 100 086, 98 999, 90 887, 100 076.

Year 5 Book - Chapter 1 page 9 Whole Numbers

246300 Year 5 Textbook _Front_

6. Write down the number that is :-
a 80 more than 290 b 70 less than 3240
c 900 more than 290 d 500 less than 1200
e 4000 more than 8300 f 6000 less than 12 200
g 50 000 more than 70 000 h 30 000 less than 120 000
i 700 000 more than 250 000 j 600 000 less than 1 000 000.

7. Look at the following scales. To what numbers do the letters A, B, C, ... point ?
A B C

400 500 8000 9000

D E F G

1600 1700 1800 1000 2000

H I J K

14 000 15 000 20 000 40 000

L M N O

100 000 200 000 600 000 700 000

Q
T

P S
26 000 27 000
300 000 500 000
U
R
25 000
100 000 700 000

8. What number lies halfway between :-

a 970 and 980 b 3400 and 3500
c 44 000 and 44 500 d 820 000 and 880 000
e 630 500 and 830 500 f 900 000 and 1 000 000 ?

9. Write out in figures :-

1 1 3
a 1 million b 2
million c 4
million d 4
million.

1
10. The Dukes from St. Annes won 98 2 thousand pounds in the Eurolottery.
That was the largest amount ever won in the North West.
a Write out this amount of money in full, in figures.
b Now write it out filly, using words.

Year 5 Book - Chapter 1 page 10 Whole Numbers

246300 Year 5 Textbook _Front_

Going up by 10, 100, 1000, 10 000 & 100 000 Numbers going up by
10, 100, 1000,
10 000 & 100 000.
Look at these patterns :-

a 50, 60, 70, 80, .... Numbers go up in 10’s. Next number 90.

b 300, 400, 500, .... Numbers go up in 100’s. Next number 600.

c 4000, 5000, 6000 .... Numbers go up in 1000’s. Next number 7000.

d 50 000, 60 000, 70 000 .... Numbers go up in 10 000’s. Next number 80 000.

e 100 000, 200 000, 300 000 .... Numbers go up in 100 000’s. Next number 400 000.

Exercise 2

1. Write down the next 2 numbers in each of these patterns :-

a 80, 90, 100, 110, ..., ... b 240, 230, 220, 210, ..., ...

c 600, 700, 800, 900, ..., ... d 2200, 2100, 2000, ..., ...

e 7000, 8000, 9000, ..., ... f 23 000, 22 000, 21 000, ..., ...

g 40 000, 50 000, 60 000, ..., ... h 150 000, 140 000, 130 000, ..., ...

i 600 000, 700 000, 800 000, ..., ... j 400 000, 300 000, 200 000, ..., ...

2. Find the missing numbers :-

a 45, 55, ..., 75, ... b 112, 102, ..., 82, 72, ...

c 320, ..., 520, 620, ..., 820 d 930, 920, ..., 900, ..., 880

e ..., 2400, 3400, ..., 5400 f 9100, 8100, ..., 6100, ...

g 37 000, ..., 57 000, ..., 77 000 h 99 000, 89 000, ..., 69 000, ...

i 1240, 1230, ..., 1210, ... j 5380, 5390, ..., 5410, ...

k 3620, ..., 3420, 3320, ..., 3120 l 7125, 8125, ..., 10 125, ...

m 50 600, ..., 48 600, 47 600 n ..., 43 910, 44 910, 45 910

o 641 000, ..., 441 000, 341 000 p 700 000, 800 000, 900 000 ....

Year 5 Book - Chapter 1 page 11 Whole Numbers

246300 Year 5 Textbook _Front_

Rounding to the nearest 10, 100, 1000, 10 000 & 100 000 Be able to round
a number to the
nearest 10, 100,
In Year 4, you learned how Revision of rounding to the 1000, 10 000
to round a number to the nearest 10, 100, 1000. and 100 000.
nearest 10, 100 and 1000. 157 —> 160 (10)
A few examples are 2374 —> 2400 (100)
shown to remind you.
9488 —> 9000 (1000)
In the same way :-
To round to the nearest 10 000 look at the thousands digit :- 137 650 —> 140 000
- if it is a 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 - leave the 10 000’s digit as it is.
- if it is a 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 - round the 10 000’s digit up by one.

To round to the nearest 100 000 look at the ten thousands digit :-
642 486 —> 600 000
- if it is a 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 - leave the 100 000’s digit as it is.
- if it is a 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 - round the 100 000’s digit up by one.

Exercise 3

1. Round to the nearest 10 :–

a 69 b 34 c 183 d 375
e 429 f 2766 g 9804 h 25 678.

2. Round to the nearest 100 :–

a 784 b 777 c 4656 d 9480
e 26 284 f 29 850 g 16 050 h 212 450.

3. Round to the nearest 1000 :–

a 8700 b 48 200 c 37 960 d 91 501
e 83 960 f 357 600 g 436 492 h 799 984.

4. Round to the nearest 10 000 :–

a 9000 b 25 000 c 32 719 d 62 090
e 87 500 f 122 300 g 246 700 h 989 699.

5. Round to the nearest 100 000 :–

a 230 000 b 490 000 c 601 700 d 872 200
e 599 500 f 750 000 g 649 999 h 919 888.

Year 5 Book - Chapter 1 page 12 Whole Numbers

246300 Year 5 Textbook _Front_

 Be able to estimate
Using Rounding to Estimate Answers
an answer to a
question using
It is possible to “MENTALLY” estimate the answer
rounding.
to a question by rounding the numbers to “1 figure”
accuracy first.
Examples :- 79 x 42 7982 ÷ 396
is approximately is approximately
80 x 40 8000 ÷ 400 Make sure you
≈ 3200 ≈ 20 know your
tables !
“≈” approximately equal to.

Exercise 4

1. The answer to 62 x 78 is either {486, 4836 or 48 036}. (no calculator !)

By rounding 62 x 78 = 60 x ..... = ..... , decide which of the 3 answers has
to be the correct one.

2. Round your numbers before multiplying. Use this to decide which of the 3
given answers is most likely to be the correct one :–
a 39 x 61 Choice of {237·9, 2379 or 23 799}
b 178 x 18 Choice of {3204, 32 440 or 32 004}
c 614 x 57 Choice of {3498, 34 998 or 349 908}
d 293 x 116 Choice of {323 618, 3988, or 33 988}
e 283 648 ÷ 277 Choice of {10 240, 1024 or 104}.

3. Round each number to 1 figure accuracy, then give an estimate for :–

a 71 x 28 b 37 x 52 c 88 x 81 d 397 x 61
e 304 x 78 f 785 x 182 g 796 ÷ 18 h 4031 ÷ 37
i 5918 ÷ 192 j 62 128 ÷ 302 k 18 096 ÷ 188 l 99 909 ÷ 2347.

4. a A tin of green pea soup weighs 415 grams.

What is the approximate weight of a carton containing 36 tins ?

b A company charges a Council £110 624 for 208 laptops.

Approximately, what was the cost of a laptop ?

c On average, a coach driver travels 38 000 miles per year at work.

If a bus company employs 62 drivers, what will be the
approximate total mileage travelled by these drivers ?

Year 5 Book - Chapter 1 page 13 Whole Numbers

246300 Year 5 Textbook _Front_

 Be able to write
Roman Numbers numbers to 1000
(and beyond) using
In Year 4, you learned how to write all the numbers from 1 to Roman Numerals.
100 using the Roman Numerals I, V, X, L and C.

1 I 21 XXI 41 XLI 61 LXI 81 .....

2 II 22 XXII 42 .... 62 LXII 82 LXXXII
3 III 23 ..... 43 XLIII 63 LXIII 83 LXXXIII
4 .. 24 XXIV 44 XLIV 64 .... 84 LXXXIV
5 V 25 XXV 45 ... 65 LXV 85 .....
6 .. 26 .... 46 XLVI 66 LXVI 86 LXXXVI
7 VII 27 XXVII 47 XLVII 67 LXVII 87 LXXXVII
8 .... 28 XXVIII 48 XLVIII 68 LXVIII 88 LXXXVIII
9 IX 29 .... 49 .... 69 .... 89 LXXXIX
Centurion 10 X 30 XXX 50 . 70 LXX 90 ..
11 .. 31 XXXI 51 LI 71 LXXI 91 XCI
12 XII 32 XXXII 52 LII 72 LXXII 92 XCII
13 .... 33 XXXIII 53 .... 73 ...... 93 XCIII
14 XIV 34 ..... 54 LIV 74 LXXIV 94 ..... I’m playing
15 XV 35 XXXV 55 LV 75 LXXV 95 ... X-pin
16 .... 36 XXXVI 56 ... 76 LXXVI 96 XCVI bowling
17 XVII 37 ...... 57 LVII 77 LXXVII 97 XCVII
18 ..... 38 XXXVIII 58 LVIII 78 LXXVIII 98 XCVIII
19 XIX 39 ..... 59 LIX 79 ..... 99 ....
20 XX 40 .. 60 .. 80 LXXX 100 C

As a class, try to work out the Roman symbols used to

represent the missing numbers from the above table.

Rules :-

Here are some of the basic rules used when writing Roman symbols :-

1. A symbol can only appear 3 times at most - XXXX not allowed.

2. Only one smaller symbol can appear in front of a bigger one - IIX not allowed.
3. Only I, X and C can appear in front of a larger symbol - LC and VL not allowed.
4. Only subtract 1 type of smaller symbol at a time - IXL not allowed.
5. When a smaller symbol is in front of a larger one, the larger symbol cannot
be more than 10 times bigger than the smaller one - VC and IL not allowed.

Exercise 5

1. a Use Rule 1 to decide what to use instead of XXXX for the number 40.
b Use Rule 2 to decide what to use instead of IIX for the number 8.
c Use Rule 3 to decide what to use instead of LC and VL for 50 and 45.

Year 5 Book - Chapter 1 page 14 Whole Numbers

246300 Year 5 Textbook _Front_

1. d Use Rule 4 to decide what to use instead of IIXL for the number 38.
e Use Rule 5 to decide what to use instead of VC and IL for 95 and 49.

2. You should be able to write the numbers from 100 to 300 using the Roman
symbols I, V, X, L and C. (You might like to try writing them all out).
What are the Roman Numerals used to write the number :-
a 101 b 110 c 125 d 150 e 155 f 188 g 190 h 200
i 205 j 230 k 239 l 249 m 250 n 275 o 290 p 299 ?

3. What numbers do these Roman symbols represent :-

a CIII b CIX c CXV d CXXVI e CXXXIX f CLXVI
g CLXXX h CCXX i CCXLV j CCLIX k CCLXXVI l CCXCV ?

We now introduce the two new Roman Symbols - D = 500 and M = 1000.
Using the symbols I, V, X, L, C, D and M, it is possible to write any number up to 5000.
Here are a few examples of numbers up to 1000 :-

a 400 = CD b 465 = CDLXV c 490 = CDXC d 524 = DXXIV

e 549 = DXLIX f 600 = DC g 622 = DCXXII h 659 = DCLIX
i 780 = DCCLXXX j 799 = DCCXCIX k 945 = CMXLV l 999 = CMXCIX

As a class, study how the above Roman Numbers were formed and try the following :-

4. You should be able to write the numbers from 300 to 1000 using the Roman
symbols I, V, X, L, C, D and M. (You might like to try writing them all out !!!!!).
What Roman Numerals are used to write the number :-
a 360 b 401 c 430 d 450 e 480 f 520 g 570 h 635
i 684 j 699 k 760 l 845 m 869 n 937 o 966 p 995 ?

5. What numbers do these Roman symbols represent :-

a CCCLXXX b CDXLV c CDXCI d DXXVI e DL f DCX
g DCCCL h DCCCXC i CMX j CMLVI k CMLXXI l CMXCI ?

6. 888 is the number under 1000 that needs most symbols - What is it in Roman form ?

7. Obviously, MM stands for 2000, MMMD stands for 3500. Investigate the Roman
Numerals up to 4000 and find out the symbols for 5000, 10 000, 50 000 and 100 000.

Year 5 Book - Chapter 1 page 15 Whole Numbers

246300 Year 5 Textbook _Front_

 The 3
Revisit - Review - Revise
R ‘s
1. Write the following numbers out fully in words :-
a 7030 b 93 700 c 402 619 d 370 004.

2. Write the following numbers using digits :-

a Nineteen thousand, one hundred and two
b Six hundred and three thousand seven hundred and twelve.

3. Write down the number that is :-

a 8000 more than 12 200 b 240 000 less than 600 000.

4. Find the missing numbers :-

a 730, 720, ..., 700, ..., 680 b 28 000, ..., ..., 31 000
c 21 800, ..., 19 800, .... d 1 000 000, ..., 800 000 ...,

5. a Round to the nearest 1000 :- (i) 5548 (ii) 29 672 (iii) 328 299.
b Round to the nearest 10 000 :- (i) 38 420 (ii) 146 800.
c Round to the nearest 100 000 :- (i) 481 000 (ii) 929 999.

6. a Round both numbers to the nearest 10, then estimate :- 369 + 395.
b Round both numbers to the nearest 100, then estimate :- 7682 – 1718.
c Round both numbers to the nearest 1000, then estimate :- 17 840 + 6399.

7. Cheryl bought two vintage cars - a classic

at £43 560 and a convertible costing £38 420.
Round both these prices to the nearest £10 000
and find an approximate answer for the total
amount she paid for the cars.

8. The population of Cardiff in the spring of 2014 was 359 731.

Round this number to the nearest hundred thousand.

9. What Roman Numerals are used to write the number :-

a 105 b 210 c 325 d 450 e 655 f 988 ?

10. What numbers do these Roman symbols represent :-

a CCLXX b CDXLVI c DCXCIV d DCCCXX e CMXXV f CMLIV ?

Year 5 Book - Chapter 1 page 16 Whole Numbers

246300 Year 5 Textbook _Front_