VERBALS: PARTICIPLES
Module 4, Session 3
Third Term, SY 2021 - 2022
OBJECTIVES OF THE SESSION:
1. To understand the definition and the application of
Participles / Participial Phrases
2. To differentiate Participles from Verbs and Gerunds
3. To identify the Participle and the Noun it modifies in a
sentence
4. To provide a meaningful Participial Phrase to complete a
sentence
What we know so far:
VERBALS are words that look like verbs
but function as something else.
1. GERUNDS → verb + ing; function as nouns
Jogging is my favorite exercise.
2. INFINITIVES → to + verb; function as nouns, adjectives,
and adverbs
To be healthy is the reason why I exercise.
3. PARTICIPLES → today’s lesson
PARTICIPLES are verbals that function as
ADJECTIVES: they describe the noun or pronoun next to them.
They can be in PRESENT PARTICIPLE or PAST PARTICIPLE form.
• the howling dog
• Smiling, she looked at him.
• the broken door
• the house abandoned by its owners
There are two kinds of participles:
Present Participles Past Participles
end in –ing. end in –d or –ed. Others
are irregularly formed.
• cheering audience
• winning shot • burnt food
• the boy studying in the • satisfied customers
corner • the book read by the boy
When you have participles with modifiers,
you form PARTICIPIAL PHRASES.
• The student, talking during class, was reprimanded by
the teacher. participle modifiers
participle
• Inspired by true-to-life events, the movie was a
box-office hit. modifiers
Let’s look at the
difference between
the VERB and the PARTICIPLE
versions of some words.
Verb
The trainer taped the ankle of the basketball
player.
“taped” is used to show an action
Participle
The basketball player finished the game
with a taped ankle.
“taped” is used to describe the noun ankle
Verb
The boy borrowed a book from his friend.
“borrowed” is used to show an action
Participle
The boy finished reading the borrowed book
in a day.
“borrowed” is used to describe the noun book
Verb
The rice was cooked hours ago.
“cooked” is used to show an action
Participle
The cooked rice was refrigerated to avoid
spoilage.
“cooked” is used to describe the noun rice
Now, let’s look at the
difference between
GERUNDS and PARTICIPLES.
Gerund/Noun
Sleeping during classes is inappropriate.
“Sleeping” is a noun (Subject)
Participle
The sleeping student received a warning.
“sleeping” is used to describe the noun
student
Gerund/Noun
I enjoy walking along EDSA during lunch.
“walking” is a noun (Direct Object)
Participle
The boy walking along EDSA came from the
library.
“walking” is used to describe the noun boy
Gerund/Noun
My favorite pastime is reading.
“reading” is a noun (Predicate Noun)
Participle
That teacher reading the newspaper is my
Class Moderator.
“reading” is used to describe the noun
teacher
DRILL
Identify whether the underlined word/phrase
is a participle /participial phrase or not.
PARTICIPIAL PHRASE OR NOT ?
Walking to the cafeteria, the students
spotted their teacher.
YES
It is a Participial Phrase
describing the noun students.
PARTICIPIAL PHRASE OR NOT ?
The students were walking to the cafeteria
when the rain fell.
NO
This is a Verb Phrase!
It indicates what was
happening at that time.
PARTICIPIAL PHRASE OR NOT ?
Walking to the cafeteria was what the
students were doing at exactly 12:40 pm.
NO
This is a Gerund Phrase
functioning as a Noun as Subject.
It does not describe anything.
PARTICIPIAL PHRASE OR NOT ?
Clapping loudly, the class cheered for their
classmate.
YES
It is a Participial Phrase
describing the noun class.
PARTICIPIAL PHRASE OR NOT ?
According to the survey, AJHS students
appreciate having Wellness Wednesday.
NO
This is a Gerund Phrase functioning
as a Noun as Direct Object (DO).
It does not describe anything.
PARTICIPIAL PHRASE OR NOT ?
The class selling ice cream for KFD raised a
lot of money.
YES
It is a Participial Phrase
describing the noun class.
Based on that drill, REMEMBER THIS !!!
A well-written PARTICIPIAL PHRASE will
always be next to (either before or after)
the noun it is supposed to modify.
Check out the words before or after the
phrase. If there is a noun, find out if the phrase
is modifying or describing it. If it does, then it is
a PARTICIPIAL PHRASE.
Participles can be located:
1. Before the noun that it modifies
The passengers of the plane were irritated
because of the crying baby.
* A participial phrase can also be written before the noun and
at the beginning of the sentence, followed by a comma
Satisfied with the service, we gave the waiter a
big tip.
Participles can be located:
2. After the noun that it modifies
• A clown wearing a purple wig entertained the
children.
• Today’s newspaper, printed last night, did not
mention the president’s announcement.
Enclose the participial phrase in commas if it is a non-essential
description (not crucial to the noun being modified).
DRILL
Identify the Participial Phrase and the noun it
modifies.
What is the Participial Phrase and the
noun that it modifies?
Removing his eyeglasses, the boy
Participial phrase Noun
wiped his face.
What is the Participial Phrase and the noun
that it modifies?
The employee, working until 8 pm,
Noun Participial phrase
ordered dinner via Grab.
What is the Participial Phrase and the
noun that it modifies?
A letter sent to the parents informed
Noun Participial phrase
them about the new school policy.
What is the Participial Phrase and the noun
that it modifies?
Driven by his desire to be number 1,
Participial phrase
the athlete trained even harder.
Noun
DRILL
Supply an appropriate and meaningful
Participial Phrase to complete the sentence.
1. ___________, the student reported the case
to the teacher.
2. The athlete, __________, requested the
coach to make him play in the final
quarter.
3. __________, I am still adjusting to the Third
Term schedule.
SUMMARY: What did we learn about Participles?
- They function as Adjectives.
- They can be in Present or Past Participle form.
- They should be found next to the noun/pronoun they
are supposed to modify or describe.
- They can either be placed before or after the
noun/pronoun being described.
