(iv) There is no overall choice. However, internal choices have been provided in some questions.

A
student has to attempt only one of the alternatives in such questions.
(v) Wherever necessary, neat and properly labeled diagrams should be drawn.

SECTION -A 16 Marks
(Question No. I to 16 are Multiple Choice Type Questions, carrying 1mark each.)
1. Given below is a table representing the different structures of flowers with their respective
ploidy level.
Different Structures of Flowers Ploidy level
Nucellus P
Male gamete
Q 3n
Anther 2n

Identify the structure Q' and the ploidy level Pfrom the given options.
(a) Primary endosperm nucleus (PEN); 2n (b) Ovule; n
(c) Zygote; 2n (d) Megaspore mother cell (MMC); 2n
2. Below is a graph representing the trend of dengue outbreaks in India from 2017 to 2021.
) Cases Deaths
200K 350

180K 315
160K 280

140K
Deaths
ofNumber
Cases
ofNumber 245
120K 210
100K 175
80K 140

260K 105
40K 70

20K 35
188,401 101,192 157,315 44,585 193,245
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

What is true for the sudden spike in dengue cases going from the year 2020 to 2021?
(a) Being endemic, sudden outbreaks are recorded for dengue in 2021.
(b) The health authorities were irresponsible in 2021.
(c) Thevector of dengue evolved to become more efficient.
(d) Dengue outbreaksare bound tohappen every alternate year. 1

57/1/1 - 2-
3. ) and (II) in the given figure represents:
Vertebrates

Fishes
()
Birds

Reptiles
()

(I) (II)
(a) Mammals Algae
(b) Mammals Amphibians
(c) Algae Crustaceans
(d) Amphibians Mammals 1

4. The given figure illustrates the 10 percent law for the transfer of energy in a food chain.
990Joules
energy (Sur
reflected to
environment

1000 Joules
(Third trophic of light
level) energy

Energy

10 Joules energy
available as plant
food
(Second trophic level) Energy (First trophic level)

The energy available to the second trophic level and third trophic level is:
(a) 1Joule, 0.1 Joule (b) 2 Joule, 0.01 Joule
(d) 0.1 Joule, 1 Joule 1
(c) 0.01 Joule, 1 Joule
5. In a laboratory, it was observed that 35 Drosophila died in a population of 120 over the
course of a week. What will be the death rateper Drosophila per week for the individuals
of the given population?
(a) 0.15 (b) 0.3
(c) 0.42 (d) 0.4
57/1/1 -3 P.T.O.
 6. Methanogens cannot be found in:
(a) aerobic sludge (digester) of a sewage treatment plant.
(b) rumen (gutstomach) of cattle or ruminants.
(c) marshy areas.
(d) flooded paddy fields.
7. Camilo Mora and colleagues presented a paper to challenge Robert May's claims that
global species diversity is approximately 7 million. Below is a table from Mora's statistical
study. Identify the species with the wrong global estimate.
Species Estimate of Species Richness
(a) Insect 2,500
(b) Fungi 611,000
(c) Bacteria 9,700
(d) Protists 63,900
8. Below is a food web representing the interconnection between different organismspresent
at different tropbhic levels.
Fox
Short-eared
Toad Kestrel owl

Centipede >Spider Stoat

Beetle Rabbit Worm Woodlouse

Vegetation Decomposed
(Heathers, grasses, plant material
seeds & fruits)

Identify the top carnivore from the given options.

(a) Fox (b) Kestrel
(c) Toad (d) Short-eared owl
9.Identify the INCORRECT statements for assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) from
3 the options given below:
I) Artificial insemination is used to directly inject the sperm into the cytoplasm of ovum
in laboratory.
) GIFT is used in females who are unable to conceive but can produce ova successfully.
III) ZIFTfacilitates the transfer of embryo up to 8 blastomeres into the fallopian tube of
the female.
(IV) Intrauterine transfer is also known as test tube baby program.
Options:
(a) (I), (II) and (TV) only (b) (I) and (III) only
(d) () and (IV) only 1
(c) ), ((T) and (IV) only

57/1/1 4
 10. Cho0se the correct characteristics of endangered species:
) Large (localised) ranges
(I) Requiring a large territory
(III) Living on islands (endemic species)
IV) Habitat fragmentation
() High reproductive success
Options:
(a) (II), (III), (IV) (b) (), (V)
(c) (II). (V). (V) (d) Allof these 1

11. Which of the following is/are INCORRECT?

Abbreviation Full form
(1) IVF In-vivo Fertilisation
(I) ET Embryo Transfer
ZIFT Zygote Inter Fallopian Transfer
GIFT Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer
Options:
(a) (), (III) (b) (II), (III)
(c) ), (l), (II) (d) ), (I) 1

12. Rakesh and Reshmawere struggling to conceive a child. They talked to a sexual therapist.
Rakesh's sperm count was normal, but the doctor noticed that his sperm were less mobile
than usual. Which sperm component do you believe to be problematic and why?
(a) Acrosome, Generates energy needed for sperm movement.
(b) Tail, Responsible for energy production.
(c) Nucleus, Required in sperm movement.
(a) Mitochondria, Generates energy needed for sperm movement.
Question No. 13 to 16 consist of two statements - Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these
questions selecting the appropriate option given below:
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true.
13. Assertion (A): Progesterone inhibits FSH production. 1
t Reason (R): It stops further follicles to develop.
14. Assertion (A): Two different genera of bacteria are responsible for the production of
HindIII and BamHI restriction enzymes.
4 Reason (R): HindIII is produced from Haemophilus and BamHI is produced from
Arthrobacter.

15. Assertion (A): Morphologically, the fruit is a ripened ovary.

Reason (R): Ovary develops into fruit after fertilisation.
16. Assertion (A): Tropical rainforestsare called 'Lungs of the Planet'.
12 Reason (R): Amazon rainforest are very old and extensive in area and they generally
drawin carbon dioxide and breathe out oxygen.
PT.O.
57/1/1
 SECTION - B 10 Marks
17. Sketch a figure of a nucleotide molecule and label the following structures:
(A) Phosphate group (B) Nitrogenous base
(C) Pentose sugar 2
18. Ankur's biology teacher drew a chemical structure on the blackboard during class. He
asked students to tell him the name of the chemical structure. After no one could respond,
the teacher assigned the same question as homework.
OH
H

(A) Identify the chemical compound drawn by the teacher.

(B) What kind of narcotics are produced from this chemical compound? Also, mention its2
SOurce.
OR
List all the types of barriers that are a part of innate immunity. Also, give two examples
of any of these barriers. 2

19. (A) Bt crops are plants that have been genetically altered (modified) to contain the bacterium's
12 endospore (or crystal) poisons, making them resistant to specific insect pests. Name the
biological agent responsible for the production of the Bt-crop given below.

(B) The choice of genes depends upon the crop and the targeted gene in production of
pest-resistant plants. Give reason.
20. Analyse the given graph carefully and state the role of the following hormones in the
menstrual cycle.

Progesterone

Estradiol
FSH

Day 1 Day 14 Day 28

Menstruation Ovulation Menstruation
Follicular Phase Luteal Phase

(A) Progesterone
(B) Luteinizing hormone (LH) 2

57/1/1 6
 OR
(A) Fetal endocrine cascades leading to parturition is represented through the following
flow diagram:
Fetal stress Plaçental "clock"
TCRH in fetal blood
‘Fetal ACTH secretion

‘Fetal cor tisol secretion

Placenta

‘EP ratio in
mother's blood
sUterine production
TOxytocin poduction of postaglandins
in placenta

Uterine contractions
(Labor)
Maternal pituitary
Oxytocin secretion

Birth

What reflex is generated and which hormone is released during parturition?

2
(B) Which antibody is rich in colostrum?
21. (A) Write the following details about Plasmodium falciparum and the disease related to
this pathogen:
(i) Body part affected (Any one) (ii) Symptom (One major)
(ii)Mode of transmission (iv) Secondary host
the
(B) Mention the toxin responsible for the onset of chills and recurring high fever in
2
disease caused by Plasmodium falciparum.
OR

Expland the following abbreviations related to human health and disease:

A) AIDS (B) SCID
2
(C) MALT (D) MRI
SECTION -C 21 Marks

Galapagos cactus finch

22. (A) The net intrinsic rate of natural increase (r) for a population of
recorded at an intrinsic rate of
was reported to be 0.346. Their initial population was
1.0. What does this signify?
fitness." Justify the statement by
(B) "Populations evolve to maximise their Darwinian
giving an appropriate reason.
P.T.O.
57/1/1 7
 23. The given figure represents the enlarged sectional view of a seminiferous tubule. Onthe
basis of the figure, answer the following questions.
SpermatozOa
Spermatid

Sertoli cell

Spermatogonium

(A) Identify Y and Zfrom the figure given above.

(B) What is the role of the part labelled Sertoli cell in the given figure?
(C) Describe the formation of Z from Y in a brief manner.
24. Explain the semi-conservative mode of replication of DNA with the help of figure.
25. A mnurder took place in a house shared by four people, The site where the crime took
place was investigated by the forensic experts and it was found that two different DNA
samples were present there. One was of the deceased person, while the other was of an
unknown person. When the DNA samples from the other three members, i.e., P, Q and
Rof the house are collected, they were sent to the laboratory for cross-matching against
the unknown DNA sample.
The analysis report came in the form of the following diagram:
DNA sample Suspected Suspected Suspected
collected from Criminal Criminal Criminal
crime scene Deceased P R

(A) Mention and describe the principle of the technique employed for the above scenario.
(B) From the above figure, which suspect is most likely to be the potential culprit? Justify
your answer. 3

57/1/1 8
26. The given flow chart explains the wastewater treatment
process.
Primary sludge
Primary treatment
Secondary
Effluent|
reatme

Large
aeration tank

Flocs

Biogas Sedimen (II)

tation
formation
(A) Identify (1),(II), (III) and (IV).
(B) Name any two important biofertilisers. 3

27. There was a case that involved a 55-year-old woman with a history of colon cancer treated
by hemicolectomy and subsequent adjuvant chemotherapy. In addition, she had lung and
soft tissue metastasis, which were treated by chemotherapy and surgery. After 6 years,
a hypermetabolic fungating mass of about 15 mmn in size was revealed in her the distal
trachea. It was reported as a malignant lesion that can be both primary (benign) and
maligant metastasis. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy revealed a multinodular fungating mass in
the distal trachea and abnormality noted on the 18F-FDG PET/CT scan. Biopsy revealed
metastatic adenocarcinoma from colon cancer. She was treated by radiation therapy and
symptoms were improved.
(A) Differentiate between two different types of tumours, mentioned in the above case.
(B) Give any four differences between immunisation and vaccination.
28. (A) Rishika had confusion between the prokaryotic and eukaryotic structure. So, when
she asked her teacher, she suggested her to observe the prokaryotic slide under the
microscope. She observed that prokaryotic cell does not have a clearly defined nucleus
but DNA is not dispersed all over the place.
What did Rishika interpret and learn from the microscopic analysis of prokaryotic cells?
Explain.
(B) Why do the lac operon shut off after lactose gets added to the medium in which
E.coli grows?
(C) Many of the genetic abnormalities in humans can be cured via gene therapy. Comment.

57/1/1 9 P.T.O.
 SECTION - D 8Marks

(Questions No. 29 and 30 are case-based questions. Each question has 3 sub-questions with
internal choice in one sub-question.)
29. PCR is a straightforward yet sophisticated enzymatic procedure that enables the
amplification of a particular DNA fragment from a complicated DNA pool. The PCR assay
"let you pick the piece of DNA you're interested in and have as much of it as you want,"
according to Dr. Kary Mullis, who invented it. Peripheral blood, skin, hair, saliva, and
microorganisms are just a few of the tissues and creatures from which source DNA for
PCR can be obtained. For PCR to produce enough copies for traditional laboratory analysis,
very little quantities of DNAare required along with an enzyme called Taq polymerase
(DNA polymerase) and DNA primers. PCR is a sensitive assay as a result.
On the basis of the given information, answer the following questions:
(A) Mention the source organism from which Tag polymerase is obtained.
(B) How many set(s) of DNA primers are required for the process of gene amplification?
1

OR
State any two purposes of such an amplified DNA sequence in PCR?
(C) State the role of primers and DNA polymerase in PCR. 2

30. The theory of evolution provides a comprehensive framework for understanding the
diversity of life on Earth. Central to this theory is the concept of abiogenesis. Historically,
the concept of spontaneous generation was widely accepted, suggesting that life could
arise spontaneously from non-living matter. This idea, proposed by early philosophers like
Aristotle, held sway until the 19tn century.
Alandmark experiment that provided significant insights into abiogenesis was conducted
by Stanley Miller and Harold Urey in 1953. The Miller-Urey experiment aimed to simulate
the conditions of early Earth's atmosphere, which was believed to be reducing in nature,
and rich in gases.
(A) How does the Big Bang theory explain the origin of our universe? 1

(B) Whogave the concept of spontaneousgeneration?

(C) Draw the schematic diagram of Miller-Urey's experiment. 2

OR

Why was the Earth's atmosphere reducing nature before? Name the gases that were
observed during the Miller and Urey experiment.
57/1/1 10
 SECTION-E 15 Marks

31. Double fertilisation occurs in angiosperms,such as Hibiscus and pea plants. The structure
of the female gametophyte is substantially more complex, with several supporting cells
y compared to the basic structure of the male gametophyte.
(A) What are the products of double fertilisation?
(B) If you are given a pea pod, howcan youidentify the products of double fertilisation in
it?
(C) How does each gametophyte's structural variation improve its ability to carry out its
specific roles?
(D) The figure given below illustrates the mature embryo sac in angiosperms. On the basis
of this, identify the number of cels and nucleus for the structure provided.

OR

(A) Elaborate the structure of testis.

5
(B) Why is there no ovulation and menstrual activity during pregancy?
said that
32. (A) Shalini was having pain in her jaw, therefore she went to a dentist. The doctor
her wisdom tooth is causing pain in her jaw. So, by diagnosing, doctor advised her to
remove that tooth. But she was afraid to hear this.

the medical condition to

As a biology student, how will you console her and explain her
tooth?
help her overcome the fear of removal of wisdom
(B) Haemophilia occursin the population with the frequency of 2 in 4000. Calculate the5
frequency of the carrier genotype using Hardy-Weinberg principle.
11 P.T.O.
57/1/1
 OR

(A) When a XX-egg is fertilised by Y-carrying spermn, what effects does this have on the
child? What would you label this anomaly as?
(B) A
tall, yellow, dihybrid pea plant was erossed with a double recessive plant.
1) Which cross is this, exactly?
(i) What is the genotype and phenotype of the progeny in FË generation? Explain with
the help of a suitable cross.
5
(Gii) Which Mendel's principle is demonstrated by the outcome of this cross?
33. (A) Suggest the name of an ideal vector for the purpOse of gene cloning in plants.
(B What is meant by the phenomenon of insertional inactivation in recombinant DNA
technology?
(C) List and explain the twotypes of gene libraries. 5
OR
(A) Mention the two major principles that forms the basis for the process of biotechnology.
(B) Describe three possible vector-less techniques for delivering rDNA into a capable host
cell. 5