Motivation –– Part

Motivation Part 11

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 Introductory Note
This document contains the following 2 Parts –
Part I – We have discussed the Objective Questions asked in
previous years.
Part II – We have discussed the Descriptive Questions asked
in previous years.

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 Part I

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Guidelines for Part I

Under this part, you will find the exact previous year’s questions (Objective part) that were asked in RBI, SEBI,
and PFRDA. It includes 3 sections:

Section A – Under this section, you will find the exact previous year’s questions that were asked in RBI, SEBI,
and PFRDA. This section will enable you to test your knowledge based on different concepts and for your
comfort, we have segregated the questions according to the different examinations. The questions have been
arranged in the following manner:

1. RBI Grade B - Here, you will find all the previous year’s questions, which were asked in phase 2 of the RBI
Grade B exam, starting from 2016 onwards.
2. SEBI Grade A - Here, you will find all the previous year’s questions, which were asked in phase 2 of the RBI
Grade B exam, starting from 2018 onwards.
3. PFRDA Grade A - Here, you will find all the previous year’s questions, which were asked in phase 2 of the
RBI Grade B exam, starting from 2021 onwards.

If there is no question in this document on any exam for a particular year or years, it means no question was
asked for that exam in that year(s) or the exam itself was not conducted in that year.

Section B - In this section, you will find the answer key for all the questions, and it will enable you to check your
marks and understand your performance accordingly.

Section C – This section contains a detailed explanation of every question, and herein you will be able to
understand the concept in the best holistic manner possible.

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 Part I
Section A

Questions asked in Phase 2 of the RBI Grade B exam, from 2016 onwards

Question 1 – Identify the framework developed by Frederick Herzberg, that suggests, there are certain factors
in the workplace that can cause job satisfaction and a separate set of factors can cause dissatisfaction. Which
theory are we talking about? RBI Grade B - Phase 2 - 2017

A. Equity Theory
B. Two-Factor Theory
C. Self-Efficacy Theory
D. Competency Theory
E. None of the above

Question 2 – In the field of motivation, which of the following is not a hygiene factor as per Two Factor
Theory? RBI Grade B - Phase 2 - 2018
A. Supervision
B. Recognition
C. Salary
D. Job Security
E. None of the above

Question 3 – There are various theories of motivation given by different people from time to time, one such
theory is ERG theory, in the same regard, what does R for in the ERG theory of motivation? RBI Grade B - Phase
2 2018

A. Relation
B. Relatedness
C. Relative
D. Recycle
E. None of the above

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Question 4 – In the general parlance of motivation, Alderfer has condensed 5 needs of Maslow’s theory into 3
categories of human needs in which of the following theory? RBI Grade B - Phase 2 - 2019

A. Expectancy Theory
B. Hygiene Theory
C. Reduction Theory
D. ERG Theory
E. None of the above

Read the following paragraph and answer the question that follows
Ram is currently working in the XYZ company, and he is employed in the company for a long period of time.
Another company that is very much in the news is ABC company. ABC company is operating on a small scale,
and it has huge growth potential. Ram got fascinated by the growth prospects of the ABC company and thereby
he decided to join the ABC company. ABC company offered a highly reputed job position to Ram and thereby
Ram accepted the job offer.

Soon after joining the ABC company, the colleagues of his ABC company were not happy with Ram, because
Ram was directly recruited from outside, and straight away, he was promoted to a senior position.

Moreover, after some time Ram complained about poor working conditions of the Air Conditioner (AC), Desk,
and chair in the office, but the office authorities didn’t pay any attention to Ram’s complaint and after getting
frustrated Ram decided to leave ABC company and he decided to start his own venture.

Question 5 – As Ram complained about the poor working conditions of the Air conditioners, desk, and chair. As
per Clayton Herzberg’s theory, which of the following need of Ram is not met? RBI Grade B - Phase 2 – 2022

A. Satisfier needs.
B. Hygiene needs
C. Motivating needs
D. Growth needs
E. None of the above

Read the following paragraph and answer the question that follows-

Ram is currently working in the XYZ company, and he is employed in company for a long period of time. Another
company that is very much in the news is ABC company. ABC company is operating on small scale, and it has
huge growth potential. Ram got fascinated by the growth prospectus of the ABC company and thereby he
decided to join the ABC company. ABC company offered a high reputed job position to Ram and thereby Ram
accepted the job offer.

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Soon after joining the ABC company, the colleagues of his ABC company was not happy with Ram, because Ram
was directly recruited from outside and straight away, he was promoted to the senior most position.

Moreover, after some time Ram complained about poor working conditions of the Air Conditioner (AC), Desk
and chair in the office, but the office authorities didn’t pay any attention to the Ram’s complaint and after
getting frustrated Ram decided to leave ABC company and he decided to start his own venture.

Question 6 – As Ram shifted from XYZ company to the ABC company, this change of job can be explained by
which of the following Theory of motivation? RBI Grade B - Phase 2 – 2022

A. Existence needs – Alderfer’s Theory of motivation

B. Achievement needs – David McClelland’s Theory of motivation
C. Belonginess Needs – Maslow’s Theory of Motivation
D. Growth Needs – Alderfer’s Theory of Motivation
E. None of the above

Read the following paragraph and answer the question that follows.

Ram is currently working in the XYZ company, and he is employed in the company for a long period of time.
Another company that is very much in the news is ABC company. ABC company is operating on a small scale,
and it has huge growth potential. Ram got fascinated by the growth prospects of the ABC company and thereby
he decided to join the ABC company. ABC company offered a high reputed job position to Ram and thereby Ram
accepted the job offer.

Soon after joining the ABC company, the colleagues of his ABC company was not happy with Ram, because Ram
was directly recruited from outside and straight away, he was promoted to the senior most position.

Moreover, after some time Ram complained about poor working conditions of the Air Conditioner (AC), Desk
and chair in the office, but the office authorities didn’t pay any attention to the Ram’s complain and after getting
frustrated Ram decided to leave ABC company and he decided to start his own venture.

Question 7 – As Ram is very talented employee, what could ABC company could have provided to Ram, so that
Ram can be retained back in the Organization? RBI Grade B - Phase 2 – 2022

A. Interpersonal relationships
B. Autonomy
C. Higher pay
D. Social Environment
E. None of the above

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Read the following paragraph and answer the question that follows.

Motivation is the driving force that compels individuals to act and pursue goals, stemming from internal desires
or external incentives. It energizes behavior, directing efforts toward achieving objectives and satisfying needs,
influencing performance and satisfaction in various aspects of life.

Two eminent contributors to the field of motivation are Abraham Maslow and David McClelland. They have
identified specific workplace motivational needs. In this context, David McClelland proposed ______”X”______
motivating elements, while Maslow presented the hierarchical structure of the need pyramid. Their seminal
work has significantly advanced the understanding of human motivation in organizational settings.

Q.8) Identify “X” from the following given options. RBI Grade B - Phase 2 – 2023

A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
E. None of the above

Read the following paragraph and answer the question that follows.

Motivation is the driving force that compels individuals to act and pursue goals, stemming from internal desires
or external incentives. It energizes behavior, directing efforts toward achieving objectives and satisfying needs,
influencing performance and satisfaction in various aspects of life.

Two eminent contributors to the field of motivation are Abraham Maslow and David McClelland. They have
identified specific workplace motivational needs. In this context, David McClelland proposed ______”X”______
motivating elements, while Maslow presented the hierarchical structure of the need pyramid. Their seminal
work has significantly advanced the understanding of human motivation in organizational settings.

Q.9) With regards of the above paragraph, if an employee is currently at the Physiological needs, then what will
be the highest level as per Maslow motivational theory. RBI Grade B - Phase 2 – 2023

A. Safety Needs
B. Security Needs
C. Belonginess Needs
D. Self Esteem Needs
E. Self-Actualization Needs

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Read the following paragraph and answer the question that follows.

Motivation is the driving force that compels individuals to act and pursue goals, stemming from internal desires
or external incentives. It energizes behavior, directing efforts toward achieving objectives and satisfying needs,
influencing performance and satisfaction in various aspects of life.

Two eminent contributors to the field of motivation are Abraham Maslow and David McClelland. They have
identified specific workplace motivational needs. In this context, David McClelland proposed ______”X”______
motivating elements, while Maslow presented the hierarchical structure of the need pyramid. Their seminal
work has significantly advanced the understanding of human motivation in organizational settings.

Q.10) Managers' perceptions of employees can vary significantly. Some may view certain employees as lazy and
disliking work, while others may perceive them as enthusiastic and enjoying their job. Identify the theory of
motivation which explains such different Managers' perceptions of employees RBI Grade B - Phase 2 – 2023

A. Adam Equity Theory

B. Vroom Expectancy Theory
C. Theory X and Theory Y
D. ERG theory
E. None of the above

Questions asked in Phase 1 and Phase 2 of the SEBI Grade A exam, starting from 2018
onwards.

Question 1 – Motivation is defined as the process that initiates, guides, and maintains goal-oriented behaviors.
In the same regard, which of the following is not need as per Maslow’s Theory? SEBI Grade A - Phase 2 – 2018

A. Esteem Need
B. Self-Actualization Need
C. Physical Need
D. Physiological Need
E. None of the above

Question 2 – There are various techniques which a leader or a manager might use, in the same regard, to identify
the performance approach wherein rewards and punishment are used by a manager to get the work done by
an employee. SEBI Grade A - Phase 1 – 2020

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A. MBO
A. Carrot and Stick Approach
B. Transformational Approach
C. Eclectic Motivation
D. None of the above

Questions asked in Phase 1 and Phase 2 of the PFRDA Grade A exam, starting from 2021
onwards.

Question 1 – Identify the Motivation theory in which a person aims at gaining new knowledge, has a desire for
beauty, and wants to help others, etc. is known as __________? PFRDA Grade A – Phase 1 – 2021

A. Maslow’s Extended Theory of Motivation

B. Alderfer’s ERG Theory
C. Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory
D. Adam’s Equity Theory
E. Vroom’s Expectancy Theory

Section B
Answer Key

RBI Grade B questions

Question Number Answer

Question 1 Option B
Question 2 Option B
Question 3 Option B
Question 4 Option D
Question 5 Option B
Question 6 Option D
Question 7 Option D

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 Question 8 Option C
Question 9 Option E
Question 10 Option C

SEBI Grade A questions

Question Number Answer

Question 1 Option C
Question 2 Option B

PFRDA Grade A questions

Question Number Answer

Question 1 Option A

Section C
Explanation
RBI Grade B questions
Question 1 – Identify the framework developed by Frederick Herzberg, that suggests, there are certain factors
in the workplace that can cause job satisfaction and a separate set of factors can cause dissatisfaction. Which
theory are we talking about? RBI Grade B- Phase 2 - 2017

A. Equity Theory
B. Two-Factor Theory
C. Self-Efficacy Theory
D. Competency Theory
E. None of the above

Answer – Option B

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Explanation -
The question is pretty much straightforward, as per Frederick Herzberg there are two factors that decide the
motivation level or status of a particular human being.

The first factor which decides the motivation level is the satisfiers or job content factors and the second one is
the Hygiene factors or job context factors. These two factors combinedly decide whether a person is satisfied
or dissatisfied.

SATISFACTION (MOTIVATION) - These factors are inherent to work. These factors motivate the employees for
superior performance. These factors are called satisfiers. These are factors involved in performing the job.
Employees find these factors intrinsically rewarding. The motivators symbolized the psychological needs that
were perceived as an additional benefit.

Motivational factors include:

• Achievement • Responsibility
• Recognition • Advancement
• Work itself • Growth and Promotion

DISSATISFACTION (HYGIENE) - Hygiene factors also known as maintenance factors are not intrinsic part of the
job but are related to the conditions under which job is performed. Hygiene factors are those factors which
when adequate/reasonable in a job, pacify the employees and do not make them dissatisfied but do not
motivate them. These factors are extrinsic to work. The hygiene factors symbolized the physiological needs
which the individuals wanted and expected to be fulfilled.

Hygiene factors include:

• Company policy • Salary

• Administrative Policies • Interpersonal relations
• Supervision • Working conditions
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Question 2 – In the field of motivation, which of the following is not a hygiene factor as per Two Factor Theory?
RBI Grade B- Phase 2 - 2018

A. Supervision
B. Recognition
C. Salary
D. Job Security
E. None of the above

Answer – Option B
Explanation –
The given question is very conceptual in nature and if you carefully notice, only recognition is the factor that
will affect the employee intrinsically, the rest all the options will affect the employee extrinsically.

SATISFACTION (MOTIVATION): According to Herzberg, hygiene factors cannot be regarded as motivators. The
motivational factors yield positive satisfaction. These factors are inherent to work. Motivational factors include:

• Achievement • Responsibility
• Recognition • Advancement
• Work itself • Growth and Promotion

DISSATISFACTION (HYGIENE): Hygiene factors also known as maintenance factors are not intrinsic part of the
job but are related to the conditions under which the job is performed. Hygiene factors are those factors which
when adequate/reasonable in a job, pacify the employees and do not make them dissatisfied but do not
motivate them. Hygiene factors include:

• Company policy • Interpersonal relations

• Administrative Policies • Working conditions
• Supervision • Job Security
• Salary

Question 3 – There are various theories of motivation given by different people from time to time, one such
theory is ERG theory, in the same regard, what does R for in the ERG theory of motivation? RBI Grade B - Phase
2 2018

A. Relation
B. Relatedness
C. Relative
D. Recycle
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E. None of the above

Answer – Option B

Clayton P. Alderfer proposed ERG theory in 1969 which condenses Maslow's five human needs into three
categories- Existence, Relatedness, and Growth. ERG is short for Existence needs, Relatedness Needs and
Growth need

• Existence refers to our concern with basic material existence requirements; what Maslow called
physiological and safety needs.
• Relatedness refers to the desire we have for maintaining interpersonal relationships; like Maslow's
social/love need,
• Growth refers to an intrinsic desire for personal development, Maslow's esteem needs, and self-
actualization.

Question 4 – In the general parlance of motivation, Alderfer has condensed the 5 needs of Maslow’s theory
into 3 categories of human needs in which of the following theory? RBI Grade B- Phase 2 - 2019

A. Expectancy Theory
B. Hygiene Theory
C. Reduction Theory
D. ERG Theory
E. None of the above

Answer – Option D
Explanation –
Clayton P. Alderfer proposed ERG theory in 1969 which condenses Maslow's five human needs into three
categories: Existence, Relatedness, and Growth.

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• Existence refers to our concern with basic material existence requirements; what Maslow called
physiological and safety needs.
• Relatedness refers to the desire we have for maintaining interpersonal relationships; like Maslow's
social/love need,
• Growth refers to an intrinsic desire for personal development, Maslow's esteem need, and self-
actualization.

Read the following paragraph and answer the question that follows

Ram is currently working in the XYZ company, and he is employed in company for a long period of time. Another
company which is very much in the news is ABC company. ABC company is operating on small scale, and it has
huge growth potential. Ram got fascinated by the growth prospectus of the ABC company and thereby he
decided to join the ABC company. ABC company offered a high reputed job position to Ram and thereby Ram
accepted the job offer.

Soon after joining the ABC company, the colleagues of his ABC company was not happy with Ram, because Ram
was directly recruited from outside and straight away, he was promoted to the senior most position.

Moreover, after some time Ram complained about poor working conditions of the Air Conditioner (AC), Desk
and chair in the office, but the office authorities didn’t pay any attention to the Ram’s complain and after getting
frustrated Ram decided to leave ABC company and he decided to start his own venture.

Question 5 – As Ram complained about poor working conditions of the Air conditioners, desk, and chair. As
per Clayton Herzberg’s theory, which of the following need of Ram is not met ? RBI Grade B - Phase 2 – 2022

A. Satisfiers needs
B. Hygiene needs
C. Motivating needs
D. Growth needs
E. None of the above

Answer – Option B

Explanation –
It’s clearly given that Ram is not happy with the poor performance of ACs, desks and chairs, which means Ram
is not happy with the working conditions and as per Herzberg's Two Factor Theory, working conditions are an
example of Hygiene factors.

Herzberg's Two Factor Theory is also known as the Motivation Hygiene Theory. It states two different facets of
motivation, the first being ‘hygiene’ factors or job context. The second factor is ‘satisfiers or job content, i.e.,
the intrinsic qualities of the job.

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Read the following paragraph and answer the question that follows

Ram is currently working in the XYZ company, and he is employed in company for a long period of time. Another
company which is very much in the news is ABC company. ABC company is operating on small scale, and it has
huge growth potential. Ram got fascinated by the growth prospectus of the ABC company and thereby he
decided to join the ABC company. ABC company offered a high reputed job position to Ram and thereby Ram
accepted the job offer.

Soon after joining the ABC company, the colleagues of his ABC company was not happy with Ram, because Ram
was directly recruited from outside and straight away, he was promoted to the senior most position.

Moreover, after some time Ram complained about poor working conditions of the Air Conditioner (AC), Desk
and chair in the office, but the office authorities didn’t pay any attention to the Ram’s complain and after getting
frustrated Ram decided to leave ABC company and he decided to start his own venture.

Question 6 – As Ram shifted from XYZ company to the ABC company, this change of job can be explained by
which of the following Theory of motivation? RBI Grade B - Phase 2 – 2022

A. Existence needs – Alderfer’s Theory of motivation

B. Achievement needs – David McClelland’s Theory of motivation
C. Belonginess Needs – Maslow’s Theory of Motivation
D. Growth Needs - Alderfer Theory of motivation
E. None of the above

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Answer – Option (D)

Explanation-
It’s clearly given the question that ABC company is having a huge growth potential, which could have attracted
Ram and thereby Growth needs of Alderfer Theory of motivation, clearly explains the movement of Ram from
XYZ company to the ABC company.

Read the following paragraph and answer the question that follows.

Ram is currently working in the XYZ company, and he is employed in company for a long period of time. Another
company which is very much in the news is ABC company. ABC company is operating on small scale, and it has
huge growth potential. Ram got fascinated by the growth prospectus of the ABC company and thereby he
decided to join the ABC company. ABC company offered a high reputed job position to Ram and thereby Ram
accepted the job offer.

Soon after joining the ABC company, the colleagues of his ABC company was not happy with Ram, because Ram
was directly recruited from outside and straight away, he was promoted to the senior most position.

Moreover, after some time Ram complained about poor working conditions of the Air Conditioner (AC), Desk
and chair in the office, but the office authorities didn’t pay any attention to the Ram’s complain and after getting
frustrated Ram decided to leave ABC company and he decided to start his own venture.

Question 7 – As Ram is very talented employee, what could ABC company could have provided to Ram, so that
Ram can be retained back in the Organization? RBI Grade B - Phase 2 – 2022

A. Interpersonal relationships
B. Autonomy
C. Higher pay
D. Social Environment
E. None of the above

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Answer – Option D

Explanation –

There is a very clear and straightforward mention that present employees of ABC Ltd, were not happy with Ram,
which means that Ram was not able to have good interpersonal relations with fellow team members, however,
the presence of the word social environment would be a good option to choose, because social environment
will include interpersonal relations. Therefore, the correct answer for this question should be option D, which
is social environment.

Please be informed that Autonomy will not be the correct answer because autonomy majorly deals with the
freedom to do the task and the key words related to Autonomy are also missing.

Read the following paragraph and answer the question that follows.

Motivation is the driving force that compels individuals to act and pursue goals, stemming from internal desires
or external incentives. It energizes behavior, directing efforts toward achieving objectives and satisfying needs,
influencing performance and satisfaction in various aspects of life.

Two eminent contributors to the field of motivation are Abraham Maslow and David McClelland. They have
identified specific workplace motivational needs. In this context, David McClelland proposed ______”X”______
motivating elements, while Maslow presented the hierarchical structure of the need pyramid. Their seminal
work has significantly advanced the understanding of human motivation in organizational settings.

Q.8) Identify “X” from the following given options. RBI Grade B - Phase 2 – 2023

A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
E. None of the above

Answer – Option C

Explanation –

David McClelland identified three learned or acquired needs, often referred to as "manifest needs." These
needs are:

• Achievement Need (nAch): This is the desire to excel, accomplish challenging goals, and experience a sense
of accomplishment and success.
• Affiliation Need (nAff): This need pertains to the desire for social interaction, companionship, and positive
relationships with others.

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• Power Need (nPow): The power need involves the desire to influence, control, and have an impact on others
or one's environment.

Read the following paragraph and answer the question that follows.

Motivation is the driving force that compels individuals to act and pursue goals, stemming from internal desires
or external incentives. It energizes behavior, directing efforts toward achieving objectives and satisfying needs,
influencing performance and satisfaction in various aspects of life.

Two eminent contributors to the field of motivation are Abraham Maslow and David McClelland. They have
identified specific workplace motivational needs. In this context, David McClelland proposed ______”X”______
motivating elements, while Maslow presented the hierarchical structure of the need pyramid. Their seminal
work has significantly advanced the understanding of human motivation in organizational settings.

Q.9) With regards of the above paragraph, if an employee is currently at the Physiological needs, then what will
be the highest level as per Maslow motivational theory. RBI Grade B - Phase 2 – 2023

A. Safety Needs
B. Security Needs
C. Belonginess Needs
D. Self Esteem Needs
E. Self-Actualization Needs

Answer – Option E

Explanation –

If an employee's physiological needs are met, the highest level they can aspire to as per Maslow's motivational
theory is self-actualization. At this stage, they seek personal growth, fulfillment, and the realization of their full
potential, focusing on creativity and self-development.

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Read the following paragraph and answer the question that follows.

Motivation is the driving force that compels individuals to act and pursue goals, stemming from internal desires
or external incentives. It energizes behavior, directing efforts toward achieving objectives and satisfying needs,
influencing performance and satisfaction in various aspects of life.

Two eminent contributors to the field of motivation are Abraham Maslow and David McClelland. They have
identified specific workplace motivational needs. In this context, David McClelland proposed ______”X”______
motivating elements, while Maslow presented the hierarchical structure of the need pyramid. Their seminal
work has significantly advanced the understanding of human motivation in organizational settings.

Q.10) Managers' perceptions of employees can vary significantly. Some may view certain employees as lazy and
disliking work, while others may perceive them as enthusiastic and enjoying their job. Identify the theory of
motivation which explains such different Managers' perceptions of employees RBI Grade B - Phase 2 – 2023

A. Adam Equity Theory

B. Vroom Expectancy Theory
C. Theory X and Theory Y
D. ERG theory
E. None of the above

Answer – Option C

Explanation –

Theory X and Theory Y are contrasting management theories proposed by Douglas McGregor. Theory X assumes
employees are inherently lazy, dislike work, and need constant supervision, relying on punishments and
rewards. In contrast, Theory Y suggests that employees are intrinsically motivated, enjoy work, and can be self-
directed when given autonomy and responsibility. These theories influence managerial approaches, with Theory
Y fostering a more participative and empowering leadership style

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 Explanation
SEBI Grade A questions
Question 1 – Motivation is defined as the process that initiates, guides, and maintains goal-oriented behaviors.
In the same regard, which of the following is not need as per Maslow’s Theory? SEBI Grade A - Phase 2 - 2018

A. Esteem Need
B. Self-Actualization Need
C. Physical Need
D. Physiological Need
E. None of the above

Answer – Option C
Explanation -
The question is very straightforward, Maslow has proposed that motivation of people depends on their needs
and these needs may be arranged in a hierarchy shown below -

• Physiological needs: These primary needs are

created in an individual by nature. Needs of air,
water, food, defecation, etc. are such needs.
• Safety needs (Security needs): After fulfilling
physiological needs an individual wants physical
safety and well-being (emotional security, financial
security).
• Needs of belongingness: Having the above two
needs been fulfilled an individual wants a sense of
belonging to someone or a group. He wants love,
affection, and friendship from his fellow beings.
• Esteem needs: All humans have a need to feel
respected; this includes the need to have self-
esteem and self-respect. Esteem presents the
typical human desire to be accepted and valued by others.
• Needs of self-actualization: An individual comes to recognize his strengths and weaknesses fully before
coming to this last level of needs.

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Question 2 – There are various techniques that a leader or a manager might use, in the same regard, to identify
the performance approach wherein rewards and punishment are used by a manager to get the work done by
an employee. SEBI Grade A - Phase 1 - 2020

A. MBO
B. Carrot and Stick Approach
C. Transformational Approach
D. Eclectic Motivation
E. None of the above

Answer – Option B

Explanation – Here, the key words will be rewards and punishment which are
used by the manager to get desired results, wherein carrot refers to the rewards
and stick refer to the punishment.

The Carrot and the Stick approach to motivation, makes use of rewards and
penalties in order to induce desired behaviour. The philosophy of this approach
comes from the old story that the best way to make a donkey move is to put a
carrot out in front of it or jab it with a stick from behind.

Carrot refers to rewards, which are offered or promised to individuals to act in the
desired way; while stick refers to punishments which are to be inflicted on
individuals, for not acting in the desired way. In away, carrot refers to positive
motivation; and stick refers to negative motivation.

Explanation
PFRDA Grade A questions
Question 1 – Identify the Motivation theory in which a person aims at gaining new knowledge, has desire for
beauty, and wants to help others etc. is known as __________? PFRDA Grade A – Phase 1 – 2021

A. Maslow’s Extended Theory of Motivation

B. Alderfer’s ERG Theory
C. Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory
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D. Adam’s Equity Theory
E. Vroom’s Expectancy Theory

Answer – Option A

Explanation –
Since at least the 1970s there have been debates and discussions on whether Maslow identified all of the
motivating stages that drive humans. Some have argued that there should be more levels to the Hierarchy of
Needs. Most seem to agree that there should be three new additions to the Hierarchy of Needs.

The three new additions to Maslow’s original Hierarchy of Needs model are:

(a) Knowledge and Understanding (Cognitive Needs)

(b) Need for Aesthetics
(c) Transcendence

• Knowledge and Understanding (Cognitive Needs): This the need to learn and would clearly be a growth
need. People have a desire to explore and learn new things or understand the world around them. The
inability to meet the cognitive needs may make it difficult to reach Self-Actualization. Self-Actualization is
about personally growing and is a more complex form of gaining knowledge and understanding.

• Need for Aesthetics: This is about the desire for beauty and pleasing surroundings in our life. Through the
chaos, we seek order and balance. We want to appreciate the things we find beautiful; you may stop to
smell the roses.

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• Transcendence: Transcendence is the desire to move beyond ourselves. In the expanded hierarchy it is
placed after Self-Actualization, making it the highest level in the hierarchy. People seeking to fulfill their
Transcendent needs may be motivated by helping others or becoming wholly driven by factors that do
not personally impact them. They are so confident in their lower-level needs being met satisfactorily that
they worry about the needs of others.

Part II

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Guidelines for Part II

Under this part, you will find the exact previous year’s questions (Descriptive part) that were asked in RBI.

RBI started including a Descriptive component in 2021 after a gap of 6 years (after 2014). Between 2007-2014,
the RBI exam had a descriptive portion but from 2014 to 2020, there was no descriptive component in RBI.
Hence,

1. We shall cover all previous year questions asked in RBI Grade B Exam from 2021 and between 2007-2014
2. For questions asked in RBI Grade B Exam between 2007-2014, the following points must be noted -
I. Some questions from previous years might not be covered in any of the chapters since they might
not belong to the current syllabus. The syllabus earlier was different from the current syllabus.
II. Some questions from previous years might not be covered as they are related to current affairs of
that year, which is not relevant now.
III. Moreover, some chapters have a lot of previous year questions, in those chapters, we have given
complete answers to some questions and for the rest of the questions, the answer outline is given.

If there is no question in this document on any exam for a particular year or years, it means no question was
asked for that exam in that year(s) or the exam itself was not conducted in that year.

Other Points to be Noted.

1. The answers given here are not to be crammed. They are not given from the perspective of being perfect
answers. No answer is a perfect answer. If we ask 500 people to write answers to these questions, then we
will get 500 different answers and we cannot decide which one is the perfect answer. The answers given
here are to help you guide towards the approach to answering.
2. The answers written here may exceed the word limit in some cases. But that is done intentionally so that
you understand it better and, in the exam, you can further summarize that information to achieve the
desired word limit.
3. In certain answers, the content/points written may not be covered in the notes/videos. But that is also
done to make you realize that we cannot simply be bookish in writing answers, rather some content/points
need to be written from our understanding of things. This is called the application part.

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 Questions asked in Phase 2 of the RBI Grade B since 2021 and between 2007-2014

There was no descriptive question asked from the chapter “Motivation”.

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