1A How to deal with customs ?

G present simple V tradition

1 Discussion a. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of the

In small groups or pairs, discuss present simple tense:
the following questions related to
traditions: Sarah __ (study) for her exams every
day.
• Do you have any family or community My sister __ (play) the guitar very
traditions? What are they?
well.
The sun __ (rise) in the east and __
• Do you think it's important to keep (set) in the west.
traditional practices alive? What is your I __ (drink) coffee every morning
before work.
reasoning?
They __ (live) in a big house near the
• Is it possible for traditions to be harmful lake.
or problematic? What is your reasoning?
My mom __ (cook) dinner for us
every evening.
He __ (read) a book every night
before bed.
We __ (go) to the gym three times a
2 Grammar week.
The train __ (arrive) at the station at
6 pm every day.
The earth __ (revolve) around the
sun.

3 VOCABULARY
a. Match these words
1 Diwali
a. India

2 St. Patrick's Day

b. Ireland

3 Songkran
c. Thailand

4 Carnival of Venice
d. Italy

5 Day of the Dead

e. Mexico

6 Chuseok
f. South Korea

7 Christmas Eve
g. Christian countries

8 Bastille Day
h. France

9 Dragon Boat Festival

i. China

10 Independence Day
j. United States

01
b. Fill in the gaps with the correct word
from the word bank.

ancestors, customs, generation,

heritage, preserved

Our family has a strong connection to our ____

and their cultural traditions.

The ____ of exchanging gifts during the

holidays has been around for centuries.

It is important to ____ traditional dances and

songs to pass them on to future ____.

She is proud of her ____ and often wears

clothing that reflects her cultural ____.

The ancient ruins were carefully ____ to ensure

they would last for future generations to enjoy.

WRITING
On a sheet of paper, center the word "traditions" and
then list all the words and phrases that come to mind
that are related to traditions. Try to think of ten or
more words or phrases.

02
 Replace it with
2A healthy food
G past simple & past continuous V food P intonation

1 Vocabulary and 3 READING

pronunciation

a. Read the text and mark the sentences true(T) or

a Circle the word that is different and tell why did you false(F)

circle i

Pizza Fried chicken peach donu

Chips Avacado Ice cream
cheeseburge
Soda candy sausage
salad
Carrot chocolate hot dog cak
Nuts crisps sandwich energy
drinks
b. Do you eat healthily?

What do you eat mostly and why?

Discuss it with your pair
In the past, food was an integral part of any
culture, and each country had its own unique
cuisine. 

In America, fast food was a popular choice

2 PRONUNCIATION among people, with cheeseburgers, fried
chicken, and hot dogs being some of the most
a. Choose one of them. Which one is correct? commonly consumed items. However, there was
growing a trend towards healthier options, such
Peach: 
as salads and avocado-based dishes. 

/piːtʃ/ /peɪtʃ/

In Europe, pizza was a staple food, with Italy

being the birthplace of this delicious dish. Other
Donut:
popular items included sausages and
/dʌnət/ /ˈdoʊnʌt/

sandwiches, which were often enjoyed with a

cold soda or beer. Chocolate was also a beloved
Chips:
treat in many European countries, with
/ʃɪps/ /tʃɪps/

Switzerland being famous for its high-quality

chocolate. 

Sugar:
In Asia, rice was a principal food, and dishes
/ˈʃʊɡər/ /suːɡər/

such as sushi and stir-fry were popular choices.

Nuts and crisps were also commonly consumed
Chocolate:
as snacks. Energy drinks had become
/ˈtʃɔːklət/ /ˈtʃɑːklət/
increasingly popular in recent years, especially
among young people. 

b. Listen & check your answers  

03
 4 GRAMMAR
In South America, donuts were a popular
breakfast item, while the fried chicken
was a common lunch or dinner option.
Peaches were a delicious fruit that was
often used in desserts. Candy was also a
popular treat, with many unique flavors
and varieties available. 

Food was not just about sustenance; it

was also a way to connect with others and
celebrate cultural traditions. Whether
people were enjoying a slice of pizza with
friends or trying out a new recipe at
home, food brought people together and
helped them appreciate the diversity of
the world.

TRUE
 

OR FALSE?
1. Food was an essential part of any culture.

2. Salads and avocado-based dishes were

popular in America. 

3. South Americans preferred to eat donuts

for every meal of the day.

4. Food brought people together and helped

us appreciate the diversity of our world.

5. Europe was known for its love of spicy

foods, especially in countries like Spain and
Italy.

6. In Asia, people only ate rice and never

consume any other grains.

b. Read the text again. Pay attention to

highlighted words. What kind of
structures is used there
What is the difference between these
sentences? Discuss it with your pair.

04
a. Complete the sentences with the
past simple and past continuous
form of the verbs in bracket

1. While I (read) a book, my phone (ring).

2. When we (arrive) at the party, everyone (dance).

3. While she (drive) to work, she (listen) to the radio.

4. When I (walk) in the park, I (see) a beautiful flower.

5. While they (play) soccer, it (start) to rain.

6. When he (arrive) at the airport, his flight (already leave).

7. While she (cook) dinner, her children (do) their homework.

8. When we (visit) Paris, we (see) the Eiffel Tower.

9. While he (study) for his exam, his roommate (watch) TV.

10.When she (open) the door, her cat (run) outside.

b. Write questions in right order 5 SPEAKING

In pairs answer the questions below

1. Yesterday\ were \when\ your

1. What healthy meal did you cook for
friend\you \what\ doing\called yourself last week, and how did it make
you?
you feel?

2. When\bring\ you\at the 2. While you were eating junk food

restaurant\the regularly, how did it affect your energy
levels and overall health?

waiter\did\what\arrived ?
3. What unhealthy snack did you use to
3. watching love?

TV\you\what\were\was\doing\ 4. While you were trying to eat

your sister\while?
healthier, what challenges did you face
and how did you overcome them?

4. Last night\ \
happened\cooked\when\dinne
r\you\what?

5. When\the
door\what\she\realize\opened
\did\she?

05
 Cooking and eating
2B G
Cooking traditional dish

present perf
V cooking vocabulary

1 VOCABULARY
a. Complete the
sentences below

Add Bake Beat Boil Chop

Fry Mix Peel Roast Slice

___________ the onions and garlic 

___________beat the eggs 

___________the potatoes slice

___________the vegetables

___________the cocoa with the eggs

and butter 

___________ the vegetables 

2 Reading
_____________the pasta 

_____________the potatoes in hot oil 

a. Here is recipe of Central Asian traditional
_____________the cake at 160oC 

____________some salt
food “Plov”

Take a note
Ingredients:

You bake bread, a cake and biscuits. 

- 2 cups of rice

You roast meat, chicken and vegetables

- 1 lb of lamb or beef

- 2 onions

- 4 carrots

b. Listen & repeat

- 4 cloves of garlic

- 1 tsp of cumin

- 1 tsp of paprika

- 1 tsp of salt

- 1 tsp of black pepper

- 1 cup of vegetable oil

- 4 cups of water

06
Instructions:

1. Peel and slice the onions and garlic. Chop the carrots into small pieces.

2. In a large pot, heat up the vegetable oil and fry the onions until they become golden

brown.

3. Add the meat to the pot and fry it until it becomes brown on all sides.

4. Add the chopped carrots and garlic to the pot and fry them for a few minutes.

5. Add the cumin, paprika, salt, and black pepper to the pot and mix everything together.

6. Add the rice to the pot and mix it with the other ingredients.

7. Pour in the water and bring everything to a boil.

8. Reduce the heat to low and cover the pot with a lid.

9. Let everything simmer for about 30 minutes or until the rice is fully cooked.

10. While the plov is cooking, preheat your oven to 350°F.

11. Slice some tomatoes and place them on top of the plov.

12. Bake the plov in the oven for about 10 minutes or until the tomatoes are roasted.

13. Beat an egg and pour it over the plov before serving.

Enjoy traditional central Asian plov!

b. What is your traditional dish?

Can you share the recipe of it with your groupmates?

07
3 GRAMMAR
Present perfect affirmative and negative

a. On your notebook write the Past simple and

Present Perfect form of these words

Bake break bring buy chop drink eat have

hear leave make put tidy wash

Read the text and complete it with correct form of the verb in the bracket

The dish ______(involve) over time and can be made with a variety of meats, vegetables, and
fruits. Some popular ingredients include lamb, chicken, chickpeas, apricots, and olives. The
use of spices such as cumin, cinnamon, and paprika gives the dish its distinct flavor.

To make tagine, the meat or vegetables are first browned in oil and then cooked slowly with
the spices and other ingredients. The conical lid of the tagine helps to keep the moisture in,
resulting in a tender and flavorful dish. Tagine is typically served with couscous or bread.

In recent years, Moroccan cuisine ________ (gain) popularity around the world, with many
restaurants offering their own take on tagine and other traditional dishes. Moroccan spices
and ingredients _______(have\also) more widely available, allowing people to recreate these
dishes in their own kitchens.

Overall, Moroccan cuisine _______(be) an important part of the country's culture for
centuries and continues to be enjoyed by people around the world. Its unique blend of
spices and flavors make it a truly special culinary experience.

08
 3A "The World's Wedding Wardrobes"

V clothes P
G could,should,must,may/might intonation

1 GRAMMAR could,should,must,may/might
b. Answer the following questions
Should the attire of the bride and groom be brightly
a. Read the text about the African Wedding
colored
Ceremony and give the definitions to each model
What could be expected to do from the guests during
verb (could, should, must, may/might) an African wedding ceremony
What significance the colors of the attire must hold
Should the wedding reception be a lively affair with
African Wedding
lots of music and dancing
What should the groom and bride do

ceremony Why the bride and groom should engage in a ritual

cleansing ceremony?

In many African communities, weddings c. Circle the correct modal verb and complete the sentence
are a time-honored tradition that should _____ the bridesmaids all wear the same exact dress or just
the same color? (Should/Must)
be celebrated in a specific way. Before the The bride _____ wear white on her wedding day as it
ceremony, the bride and groom should symbolizes purity and innocence. (may/must
engage in a ritual cleansing ceremony The wedding dress ____ have a train or a veil to add a touch of
that is believed to rid them of any elegance to the overall look. (may/must
negative energy and prepare them for The bride _____ wear black on her wedding day as it's
traditionally associated with mourning. (should/should not
their new life together.
The bride's dress ____ not be too revealing or inappropriate
During the wedding, guests may be for a church wedding. (should/must)
expected to bring gifts, such as money or
household items, to help the couple start 2 VOCABULARY
their new life. The wedding reception a. Match the word to the relevant definition

could be a lively affair with lots of music, (1-10, A-H)

dancing, and laughter. Traditional

African music must be played, and guests Skirt Blouse
could be encouraged to join in on the Dress Shirt
dance floor.
Jeans Pants
In terms of attire, the bride could wear a Suit Jacket
brightly colored head wrap and dress, Sweater T-shirt
while the groom might wear a traditional
A. A one-piece garment worn by women, typically
dashiki or boubou. The colors of the for formal or special occasions.

attire must hold significance, with some B. A set of matching jackets and trousers, worn by
colors representing love, joy, and men or women for formal occasions or work.

prosperity.
C. A women's shirt, typically made of a lighter
material than a traditional shirt.

D. A men's or women's garment worn on the upper

body, typically with buttons down the front and a
collar.

E. A garment worn by women, consisting of a tube-

shaped piece of fabric that hangs from the waist and
covers the legs.

F. A garment worn by both men and women,

consisting of two separate tubes of fabric that cover
each leg and fasten around the waist.

G. A garment worn on the upper body, typically

with a front opening, collar, and sleeves.

H. A garment worn on the upper body, typically

made of knitted fabric and designed to keep the
wearer warm.

b. Read the sentences below and through f. To wear multiple pieces of clothing, often
the context, try to match the definitions reflecting traditional or cultural customs of
of bold words. 
layering or draping.

g. To wear a garment, such as a shawl or a

scarf, wrapped around the body in a
She learned how to drape a sari from particular way, often reflecting a traditional
her grandmother, who had taught or cultural custom.

her the traditional method h. To arrange a piece of clothing, such as a

The tailor made sure that the groom's kimono or hijab, in a particular way, often
traditional outfit fits him perfectly reflecting a traditional or cultural custom.
for the wedding ceremony
The bride adorned her hair with a
delicate tiara and wore a necklace 3 Pronunciation
that had been passed down through
a. Watch a video and listen carefully to the
her family for generations
new words and repeat
The bride and groom's outfits were
carefully blended to reflect both of
their cultural backgrounds b. Find the words below and pronounce them
The bridesmaids' dresses were correctly

matched to the color scheme of the

wedding and coordinated with the
bride's traditional attire
The bride layered a shawl over her
dress to stay warm during the
outdoor ceremony, which was a
common cultural practice
The groom wrapped a ceremonial
scarf around his neck as a symbol of
his cultural identity and heritage
The mother of the bride taught her
daughter how to fold her hijab in a
way that was both traditional and
fashionable.

a. To wrap or arrange a piece of clothing, such as a

sari, in a particular way.

b. To decorate or embellish a piece of clothing with

accessories such as jewelry, beads, or sequins.

c. To be the right size, shape, or type for a particular

person, purpose, or situation. It can refer to physical
attributes, such as clothing or equipment, or to
suitability or compatibility with a particular task or
role.

d. To mix or combine different cultural styles or

elements of clothing in a way that reflects the
intercultural nature of the wedding.

e. To coordinate the clothing of different members

of the wedding party, often to reflect a traditional or
cultural custom.

10
 Marriage in Multicultural Attire

3B G past simple V wedding P intonation

1 VOCABULARY wedding b. Match the words with relevant

pictures (1-7, a-g)
a. Complete the sentences with the right a b
form of nouns and verbs(1-10).

bride tuxedo wedding groom

speech flower girl bouquet

c e

f g h

My sister gives a heartfelt ______ during

the wedding reception
The ____ and groom exchanged rings
during the ceremony
Sari - A traditional garment worn by
Sam was a ______ ____ and wore a cute women in India and other South
little dress with 
Asian countries
a bow in her hair Sherwani - A traditional Indian outfit
Her son’s boutonniere matched the bride's worn by men, usually for formal
______ occasions like weddings
The shoes of the ____ were polished to a Kilt - A traditional Scottish garment
worn by men, often made of tartan
shine for the ceremony fabric
Kevin was a handsome broom at the Cheongsam - A traditional Chinese
wedding because his _____ was perfectly dress, also known as a qipao, worn by
tailored for him women for formal occasions
Kiya wore a beautiful red sari for her Kimono - A traditional Japanese
garment worn by both men and
Indian _____ ceremony. women, often made of silk or cotton.

11
 Dirndl - A traditional dress is 3 GRAMMAR
worn by women in Bavaria, a. Complete the sentences with correct
Germany, often for special events prepositions(1-8). Some prepositions
like weddings can be used twice.

Tuxedo - A formal suit was worn

by men, typically consisting of a Around Over On
black jacket with satin lapels, From Into In
black trousers, and a bow tie. My wife’s veil was ___ top of her
head. [
c. Complete the sentences. Order Jimmy’s tie was ____ his neck. [
the letters to make a wedding The inherited earrings of her old
ceremony.
grandmother were hanging ____ her
_____ (ltra) The platform or table ears. [
where the wedding ceremony takes The bride's bangles were ___ her
place, often adorned with flowers or wrists. [
other decorations The belt was ____ his waist. [
______ (owv) The promises that the The groom's sherwani was hanging
bride and groom make to each other ___ the closet. [
during the wedding ceremony Yellow sari was draped ____ her
______ (hgapemcna) A type of shoulder. [ ]
sparkling wine that is often served at That black kurta was tucked ____ his
wedding receptions as a celebratory pants. [ ]
drink
_____ (girn) The symbolic jewelry b. Complete the text with past simple forms
that the couple exchanges during the of the verbs from the list. 

wedding ceremony as a sign of their create, wear(2x), combine,

commitment choose, incorporate.

_____ (diebr) The woman who is

getting married Last summer at the Chinese and
_____ (teuubqo) The arrangement of Mexican fusion wedding of my two
flowers that the bride carries during colleagues, the bride ______ to wear
the wedding ceremony traditional Chinese cheongsam, while
the groom ______ a traditional
Mexican charro suit. The bridesmaids
and groomsmen ____ traditional
2 PRONUNCIATION outfits from their respective cultures
and coordinated their outfits to
a. Circle the word with a different sound
complement the bride and groom.
The blending of traditional clothing
Sari, bride, sherwani, rin
from these two cultures _____ a
Kimono, Tuxedo, flowe
Bouquet, Vow, Churc unique and memorable wedding
Church, Branch, Lunch, Monarch celebration. In addition to the
traditional clothing, a Chinese and
b. 3.1 Listen and check. 
Mexican fusion wedding also _____
12
elements from both cultures in the
decor and cuisine.