Task -04
Mathan G
Mathansvceee@[Link]
9626698007
IP (Internet Protocol)
IP is a fundamental protocol for addressing and routing packets of data across a network.
It ensures that data is sent to the correct destination, using an IP address to uniquely
identify devices.
IP Address:
Think of it as a postal address. For example, the IP address [Link] might represent
your router in a local network.
Devices communicate using IP addresses, and routers forward packets based on
destination IP addresses.
Real-Time Example:
Imagine you're sending a letter through the postal system. The address on the envelope
ensures that the letter is delivered to the correct house. Similarly, an IP address directs data
packets to the correct device in a network.
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
TCP is a connection-oriented protocol. It ensures reliable communication between
devices by establishing a connection before sending data and ensuring the data is
delivered without errors.
TCP guarantees that data is received in the correct order, and if a packet is lost or
corrupted, it will be retransmitted.
Reliability: Ensures data arrives without errors and in order.
Flow Control: Manages how much data can be sent to avoid congestion.
Error Handling: Retransmits lost or corrupted data packets.
Real-Time Example:
Think of TCP like a phone call. When you call someone, there’s a handshake (the initial
connection), and then you can talk to each other. If you don’t hear the other person clearly (like a
dropped packet), you can ask them to repeat it.
TCP Demo (Handshaking and Data Transfer):
1. Three-Way Handshake (Connection Setup):
o SYN: Client sends a request to the server to establish a connection.
o SYN-ACK: Server acknowledges and responds with a message.
o ACK: Client acknowledges, and the connection is established.
2. Data Transfer:
o Data is exchanged with reliability.
3. Connection Termination:
o FIN signals the end of communication, and both sides close the connection.
Real-Time Example:
Think of TCP like a phone call. When you call someone, there’s a handshake (the initial
connection), and then you can talk to each other. If you don’t hear the other person clearly (like a
dropped packet), you can ask them to repeat it.
UDP (User Datagram Protocol)
UDP is a connectionless protocol. Unlike TCP, it does not establish a
connection before sending data and does not guarantee delivery or order.
It’s faster but less reliable than TCP.
No connection: Data is sent without establishing a handshake.
No guarantee of delivery: If a packet is lost, it is not retransmitted.
No ordering: Packets may arrive out of order.
UDP Demo (Simple Transmission):
Imagine you want to send a live stream. You want the data to reach quickly (even if some
packets are lost), so UDP is preferred over TCP.
Example: A video game or VoIP service (like Zoom or Skype) uses UDP because speed
is crucial, and it’s okay if a few packets are missed.
Real-Time Example:
Think of UDP like sending a message in a group chat. You send the message, but there’s
no guarantee that everyone will receive it or that they’ll get it in the order you sent it.
Regards
Mathan G
