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Mitochondria: Structure and Function

Mitochondria are essential organelles in eukaryotic cells responsible for converting food molecules into ATP. They consist of an outer membrane that regulates molecule passage, an inner membrane with folds called cristae that increase surface area, and a matrix containing ribosomes and enzymes for aerobic respiration. Key protein complexes within the inner membrane facilitate various stages of energy production.

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67 views1 page

Mitochondria: Structure and Function

Mitochondria are essential organelles in eukaryotic cells responsible for converting food molecules into ATP. They consist of an outer membrane that regulates molecule passage, an inner membrane with folds called cristae that increase surface area, and a matrix containing ribosomes and enzymes for aerobic respiration. Key protein complexes within the inner membrane facilitate various stages of energy production.

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sarmienorigel
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Activity 4:

The Power House!

Objective:

Mitochondria are membrane-enclosed organelles distributed through the cytoplasm of most


eukaryotic cells. Their main function is the conversion of the potential energy of food molecules into
ATP. This organelle has important parts. An outer membrane encloses the entire structure that contains
many complexes of integral membrane proteins that form openings. A variety of molecules and ions
move in and out of the mitochondrion through the openings. An inner membrane encloses a fluid-filled
matrix. This membrane contains five complexes of integral proteins such as:

*NADH dehydrogenase

*succinate dehydrogenase

*cytochrome c reductase (the cytochrome b-c1complex)

*cytochrome c oxidase

*ATP synthase

Task: Describe each part of the mitochondria.

e.g. Cristae are the inner folded membrane of


the mitochondria.

The outer mitochondrial membrane is described


as a double phospholipid membrane that
surrounds the inter-membrane space, inner
membrane, and inner matrix. the functional
barrier to the passage of small molecules
between the cytosol and the matrix and
maintains the proton gradient that
drives oxidative phosphorylation. The matrix is a
gel-like material in the mitochondrion, or
organelle that performs the process of aerobic
respiration, that contains ribosomes resembling
those of bacteria. Cristae are the folds of the
inner mitochondrial membrane, these folds
increase the surface area of the membrane and
help make the mitochondrion more efficient.

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