Physics By Mayank Agarwal for JEE,NEET and CBSE Whatapp No 8800282209

Topic 1 V,U

1. *The work done in carrying a point charge from one point to another in an electrostatic field depends on the path along
which the point charge is carried.
(a)True (b)False (c)cant say (d)None of these

2. *In the following diagram the work done in moving a point charge from point P to point A, B and C is respectively as
𝑾𝑨 , 𝑾𝑩 and 𝑾𝑪 , then (charge q at center of semicircle)
(a) 𝑾𝑨 = 𝑾𝑩 = 𝑾𝑪 (b) 𝑊𝐴 = 𝑊𝐵 = 𝑊𝐶 = 0
(c) 𝑊𝐴 > 𝑊𝐵 > 𝑊𝐶 (d) 𝑊𝐴 < 𝑊𝐵 < 𝑊𝐶

3. *If potential is V= x2 – 4 volt. Then electric field E at x = 4 m is given by

(a) -8V/m𝐢̂ (b) 8V/mî (c) -4V/mî (d) 4V/mî

4. *Name the physical quantity whose S.I. unit is J/C. Is it a scalar or a vector quantity?
Ans Potential, scalar
5. *A point charge +Q is placed at point O as shown. Is the potential difference VA - VB positive, negative or zero?

Ans +ve
6. *What is the electrostatic potential due to an electric dipole at an equatorial point?
Ans 0
7. *Draw a plot showing the variation of (i) electric field and electric potential (V) with distance r due to a point charge Q in a
single graph.

Ans Ncert page 55

8. * Is the work done by the electric field in moving a small positive charge from Q to P positive or negative? Give reason.

Ans -ve
9. *Derive the expression for the electric potential at any point along the equatorial plane of electric dipole?
Ans 0
10. *What is the amount of work done in moving a point charge around a circular arc of radius r at the centre of which another
point charge is located?
Ans 0
11. * Can two equipotential surfaces intersect each other? Give reasons.
Ans No,
12. *Can electric field exist tangential to an equipotential surface? Give reason.
Ans NO,
13. *Why is the potential inside a hollow spherical charged conductor constant and has the same value as on its surface?
Ans E=0
Physics By Mayank Agarwal for JEE,NEET and CBSE Whatapp No 8800282209
 Physics By Mayank Agarwal for JEE,NEET and CBSE Whatapp No 8800282209

14. *A hollow metal sphere of radius 5 cm is charged such that the potential on its surface is 10 V. What is the potential at the
centre of the sphere?
Ans 10V
15. Why do the equipotential surfaces get closer to each other near the point charges?
Ans
16. *Derive the expression for the electric potential at any point along the axial line of an electric dipole? Also discuss if r>>a.
Ans V=kp/(r2-a2),V=kp/r2
17. A dipole, with its charges, -q and +q, located at the points (0, -y, 0) and (0, +y, 0), is present in a uniform electric field E . The
equipotential surfaces of this field, are planes parallel to the y-z planes.
(i) What is the direction of the electric field E ?
(ii) How much torque would the dipole experience in this field?
Ans

18. **Two-point charges q and -2q are kept 'd' distance apart. Find the location of point relative to charge 'q' at which potential
due to this system of charges is zero.
Ans d/3
19. **Two-point charges 4  C and −2C are separated by a distance of 6 cm in air. Calculate at what point from 4  C on the
line joining the two charges is the electric potential zero.
Ans 4cm
20. "For any charge configuration, equipotential surface through a point is normal to the electric field. Justify. 2Marks
Ans
21. *Why is it considered safe to be inside a car especially during lightning and thunderstorm?
Ans Electrostatic shielding
22. **Mention 2 contrasting feature of electric potential of a dipole at a point as compared to that due to a Single charge.
Ans V depend on angle, V vary as 1/r2 (NCERT Page 57)

23. Two uniformly large parallel thin plates having densities +sigma and -sigma are kept in the X-Z plane at a distance d apart. Sketch an
equipotential surface due to electric field between the plates. If a particle of mass m and charge -q remains stationary between the
plates, what is the magnitude and direction of this field? 2Marks
Ans

24. **A test charge 'q' is moved without acceleration from A to C along the path from A to B and then from B to C in electric
field E=10N/C. (i) Calculate the potential difference between A and C. (ii) At which point (A or C) is the electric potential
more and why? 2Marks

Ans -40V, Vc.

25. *Are Equi-potential surfaces are equidistant from each other for uniform and non uniform field? explain ?
Ans Equal gap for uniform field, Unequal gap for Non uniform field,

26. Why do the equipotential surfaces get closer as the distance between the equipotential surface and the source charge
decreases?
Ans
Physics By Mayank Agarwal for JEE,NEET and CBSE Whatapp No 8800282209
 Physics By Mayank Agarwal for JEE,NEET and CBSE Whatapp No 8800282209

27. Write two properties of equi-potential surfaces.

Ans (i) V is same at every point (ii) E is perpendiculat to EPS.

28. Deduce the relation between the electric field and the potential gradient. Write the two important conclusions concerning the
relation between the electric field and electric potentials. 3Marks

Ans

29. Draw shape of equi-potential surfaces due to (i)a single isolated charge (ii) 2 positive charges (iii) Dipole
(iv)Uniform electric field (v) Electric field that increases in magnitude but remains constant along Z-direction.

Ans (i) (ii) (iii)

(iv) (v)

Physics By Mayank Agarwal for JEE,NEET and CBSE Whatapp No 8800282209

Physics By Mayank Agarwal for JEE,NEET and CBSE Whatapp No 8800282209

Section 2 Potential energy

1. *A 500  C charge at the centre of a square of side 10 cm. Find the work done in moving a charge of 10 mC between two
diagonally opposite points on the square. 1Mark
Ans 0
−8 −8
2. *Two point charges q1 = 10 10 C and q2 = −2 10 C are separated by a distance of 20 cm in air. calculate the
electrostatic potential energy of the system. 1Mark
Ans -9x10-5 J
3. **Two charges -q and +q are located at point A(0, 0, -5) and B(0, 0, +5) respectively. How much work is done in moving a
test charge from 'point P(7, 0, 0) to Q( -3,0, 0)? 1Mark
Ans 0J NCERT Page 88
4. **Calculate the amount of work done to dissociate a system of three charges 1C ,1C and −4C placed on the
vertices of an equilateral triangle of side 10 cm. 2 Marks
Ans 0.63J
5. Write the expression for the potential energy of a system of three charges q 1, q2 and q3 located respectively at r1 , r2 and r3
with respect to the common origin O.
6. **Deduce the expression for the potential energy of a system of two point charges q 1 and q2 brought from infinity to
the points r1 and r2 respectively in the presence of external electric field E .
Ans (NCERT Page 65) U=q1V1+q2V2+kq1q2/r12

Topic 3 Capacitor

SECTION A (1 Marker)

1. **The given graph shows variation of charge 'q' versus potential difference 'V' for two capacitors C1 and C2. Both the
capacitors have same plate separation but plate area of C 2 is greater than that of [Link] line (A or B) corresponds to C1
and why?

Ans B, Less slope,

2. *The electric field inside a parallel plate capacitor is E. Find the amount of work done in moving a charge q over a
closed rectangular loop abcda.

Ans 0

Physics By Mayank Agarwal for JEE,NEET and CBSE Whatapp No 8800282209

Physics By Mayank Agarwal for JEE,NEET and CBSE Whatapp No 8800282209

3. *What is the area of the plates of C=8.85F parallel plate capacitor having separation between the plates is 0.5cm?
Ans 5x109m2
4. A slab of material of dielectric constant K=9 has the same area as that of the plates of a parallel plate
capacitor(C=10mF) but has the thickness d/2. Find out the expression for its capacitance when the slab is inserted between
the plates of the capacitor. 2
Ans 18mF

5. A fully charged parallel plate capacitor is connected across an uncharged identical capacitor. Show that the energy stored in
the combination is less than that stored initially in the Single capacitor.

6. **A capacitor of capacitance 'C' and has charge 'Q. How will the (i) potencial, capacitance (ii) Charge, energy stored
(iii) the electric field inside the capacitor be affected when it is completely filled with a dielectric material of dielectric
constant 'K' while battery remains connected? 3
Ans (i)V same, C becomes K times (ii) Q becomes K times , U becomes K times (iii) E same

7. **A capacitor of capacitance 'C' and has charge 'Q. How will the (i) potencial, capacitance (ii) Charge, energy stored
(iii) the electric field inside the capacitor be affected when it is completely filled with a dielectric material of dielectric
constant 'K' while battery is disconnected? 3
Ans (i)V becomes 1/K times, C becomes K times (ii) Q constant , U becomes 1/K times (iii) E becomes 1/K times

8. *Net capacitance of three identical capacitors in series is 𝟏𝝁𝑭. What will be their net capacitance if connected in
parallel? Find the ratio of energy stored in the two configurations (series and parallel) if they are both connected to the
same source. 2
Ans 9uF, ratio of energy=1/9

9. Two identical parallel plate (air) capacitor C1 and C2 have capacitances C each. The area between their plates in now
filled with dielectrics as shown. If the two capacitors still have equal capacitance, obtained the' relation between dielectric
constants K, K1 and K2.

Ans K=(K1+k2)/2

10. Two identical capacitors of plate dimensions 𝑙 × 𝑏 and plate separation d have dielectric slabs filled in between the space of
the plates as shown in the figures. Obtain the relation between the dielectric constant K, K 1 and K2.

Physics By Mayank Agarwal for JEE,NEET and CBSE Whatapp No 8800282209

Physics By Mayank Agarwal for JEE,NEET and CBSE Whatapp No 8800282209

Ans K=(K1+k2)/2
11. *Three identical capacitors C1, C2 and C3 of capacitance 𝟔𝝁𝑭each are connected to a 12 V battery as shown.
Find (i) equivalent capacitance (ii) charge on each capacitor (iii) energy stored in the network of capacitors

Ans (i) 9uF (ii) q1= 36uC, q2= 36uC, q3= 72uC (iii) 648uJ

12. **Derive an expression for the energy stored in a parallel plate capacitor. On charging a parallel plate capacitor to a
potential V, the spacing between the plates is halved, and a dielectric medium of 𝜺𝒓 =10 is introduced between the plates,
without disconnecting the d.c. source. Explain, using suitable expressions, how the (i) capacitance, (ii) electric field and (iii)
energy density of the capacitor change.
Ans (i)20C,(ii)2E, (iii)40 times

13. A capacitor of 200 pF is charged by a 300 V battery. The battery is then disconnected and the charged capacitor is connected
to another uncharged capacitor of 100 pF. Calculate the difference between the final energy stored in the combined system and the
initial energy stored in the Single capacitor.
Ans 3x10-6J
14. Find the ratio of the potential difference that must be applied across the parallel and the series combination of two identical
capacitors so that the energy stored in the two cases, becomes the same.
15. Calculate the potential difference and the energy stored in the capacitor C 2 in the circuit shown in the figure. Given potential
at A is 90 V, 2
𝐶1 = 2𝜇𝐹, 𝐶2 = 30𝜇𝐹 ,𝐶3 = 15𝜇𝐹

16. Show that, the effective capacitance, C, of a series combination, of three capacitors, C 1, C2and C3 is given by

𝐶1 𝐶2 𝐶3
𝐶=
(𝐶1 𝐶2 +𝐶2 𝐶3 +𝐶3 𝐶1 )

17. A capacitor of unknown capacitance is connected across a battery of V volts. The charge stored in it is 360mC . When
potential across the capacitor is reduced by 120 V, the charge stored in it becomes 120mC. Calculate: (i) The potential V (ii)
capacitance C (iii) What will be the charge stored in the capacitor, if the voltage applied had increased by 120 V?
Physics By Mayank Agarwal for JEE,NEET and CBSE Whatapp No 8800282209
Physics By Mayank Agarwal for JEE,NEET and CBSE Whatapp No 8800282209

Ans (i) V=180V,(ii) C=2mF (iii) 600mC

18. Find the ratio of the potential differences that must be applied across the parallel and series combination of two capacitors 6C
and 3C so that the energy stored in the two cases becomes the same.

19. **A network of four capacitors each of 𝟏𝟐𝝁𝑭capacitance is connected to a 500 V supply. Determine (a) equivalent
capacitance of the network and (b) charge on each capacitor.

Ans (a)16uF (b)q1=2mC, q2=2mC, q3= 2mC ; q4= 6mC

20. In a parallel plate capacitor with air between the plates, each plate has an area of 6 × 10−3 m2 and the separation between the
plates is 3 mm. 3
(i) Calculate the capacitance of the capacitor.
(ii) If this capacitor is connected to 100V supply, what would be the charge on each plate?
(iii) How would charge on the plates be affected, if a 3 mm thick mica sheet of K = 6 is inserted between the plates while the
voltage supply remains connected?
21. A parallel plate capacitor of capacitance C is charged to a potential V. It is then connected to another uncharged capacitor
having the same capacitance. Find out the ratio of the energy stored in the combined system to that stored initially in the single
capacitor. 3

22. **If energy stored in the 𝟔𝝁𝑭 capacitor is 10J. Find (i) Energy stored in 𝟏𝟐𝝁𝑭 capacitor (ii) Energy stored in 𝟑𝝁𝑭
capacitor (iii) Total energy drawn from the battery

Ans (i) 20J (ii) 180J (iii) 420J

23. **A capacitor of 200 pF is charged by a 300 V battery. The battery is then disconnected and the charged capacitor is
connected to another uncharged capacitor of 100 pF. Calculate the difference between the final energy stored in the
combined system and the initial energy stored in the Single capacitor.
Ans 3x10-6J

24. **A capacitor of unknown capacitance is connected across a battery of V volts. The charge stored in it is 360mC .
When potential across the capacitor is reduced by 120 V, the charge stored in it becomes 120mC. Calculate: (i) The
potential V (ii) capacitance C (iii) What will be the charge stored in the capacitor, if the voltage applied had increased
by 120 V?
Ans (i) V=180V,(ii) C=2mF (iii) 600mC

Physics By Mayank Agarwal for JEE,NEET and CBSE Whatapp No 8800282209

Physics By Mayank Agarwal for JEE,NEET and CBSE Whatapp No 8800282209

25. ***Two capacitors of unknown capacitances C1and C2 are connected first in series and then in parallel across a
battery of 100 V. If the energy stored in the two combinations is 0.045 J and 0.25 J respectively, determine the value of C 1
and C2. Also calculate the charge on each capacitor in parallel combination. 3Marks
Ans

26. *A network of four capacitors, each of capacitance𝟏𝟓𝝁𝑭 is connected across a battery of 100 V, as shown in the
figure. Find the net capacitance and the charge on the capacitor C 4.

Ans 20micro Farad,1.5mC

27. A parallel plate capacitor is charged by a battery. After some time the battery is disconnected and a dielectric slab with its
thickness equal to the plate separation is inserted between the plates. How will (i) the capacitance of the capacitor, (ii) potential
difference between the plates and (iii) the energy stored in the capacitor be affected? Justify your answer in each case.
28. **Three identical capacitors C1, C2 and C3 of capacitance 6 F each are connected to a 12 V battery as shown.
Find (i)charge on the capacitor C1 (ii)equivalent capacitance of the network (iii) energy stored in the network of capacitors

Ans (i)36micro coulomb (ii) 9 micro farad (iii) 648 micro joul
29. **Two parallel plate capacitors X and Y have the same area of plates and same separation between them. X has air
between the plates while Y contains a dielectric of K = 4. (FAQ)

(i) Calculate capacitance of each capacitor if equivalent capacitance of the combination is 𝟒𝝁𝑭.
(ii) Calculate the potential difference between the plates of X and Y.
(iii) Estimate the ratio of electrostatic energy stored in X and Y.
Ans (i) Cx= 5𝝁F ; Cy= 20 𝝁F (ii) 12V, 3V (iii) 4:1
30. **1𝝁F capacitance connected to a battery of 6 V. Initially switch S is closed. After sometime S is left open and
dielectric slabs of dielectric constant K = 3 are inserted to fill completely the space between the plates of the two capacitors.
How will the (i) charge (ii) Energy (iii) capacitance (iv) potential difference between the plates of the capacitors be affected
after the slabs are inserted? (FAQ)

Physics By Mayank Agarwal for JEE,NEET and CBSE Whatapp No 8800282209

Physics By Mayank Agarwal for JEE,NEET and CBSE Whatapp No 8800282209

Ans (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)

1. Show that the capacitance of a spherical conductor is 4𝜋𝜀0 times the radius of the spherical conductor.
2. Distinguish between a dielectric and a conductor?
3. Define the term 'dielectric strength: What does this term signify?
4. Distinguish between polar and non-polar dielectric. 1
5. Explain, using suitable diagrams, the difference in the behaviour of a (i) conductor and (ii) dielectric in
the presence of external electric field. Define the terms polarization of a dielectric and write its relation
with susceptibility. 3

Physics By Mayank Agarwal for JEE,NEET and CBSE Whatapp No 8800282209