CIRCULATORY
SYSTEM
The role of the heart,
blood and blood vessels
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What is your Where can you
pulse rate? check your pulse?
Wrist
To check your pulse, place the tips of your
index and middle finger on your wrist. Neck
Feel your pulse and count the beats for 15 Temple
seconds. Then, multiply that number by four
to find out how many times your heart All of the above
beats in one minute.
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Where does this pulse come from?
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Today, you will...
Name and
Describe the role
describe the main
of the heart,
parts of the
blood, and blood
human circulatory
vessels.
system.
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The Human
Circulatory System
Function Main Parts
To transport blood, Has three main parts:
oxygen, and nutrients the heart, blood
to the body vessels, and blood
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CIRCULATORY
Organs Of The System
SYSTEM
The circulatory system consists of key organs and vessels Common disease diseases of the system
that work together to circulate blood throughout the body.
. Hypertension: can lead to heart, disease, diseases, or
• heart: the central organ that pumps blood to other organs strokes.
. Blood vessels: . Coronary artery disease: narrowing the arteries that
Arteries: carry oxygen rich blood away from the heart supply the heart
Capillaries: tiny vessels for exchange of oxygen nutrients .Heart attack: blockage of blood flow to heart muscle
and waste between blood and tissues . Stroke: interruption of blood supply to the brain.
. Aneurysm: bulging or rupture of blood vessels
Blood: composed of red blood cells, white blood cells, Arrhythmia: irregular heartbeats
platelets, and plasma.
What you must know about the system
. It is vital for life as it is delivering essential substances to
Main functions of the system the cells and removes waste it interacts closely with other Preventing complications
systems like respiratory digestive and endocrine systems
. Transports oxygen nutrients and hormonesof cells. . Maintain a healthy diet, low and saturated, fat and sodium.
. Removal of waste product like CO2. . Engage in regular physical activity.
Nutrients for healthy system
. Regulation of body temperature and pH balance. . Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.
. Omega-3 fatty acids: found in Fisher one helps reduce
. Protection against disease through their immune system. . Manage stress effectively.
information
. Helps maintain blood pressure and fluid levels and tissues. . Antioxidants: vitamin C and E protection against damage for . Regular health check ups to monitor the blood pressure,
. Platelets and clotting factors in blood helps you wounds to blood vessels. cholesterol and healthy heart
prevent excessive blood loss. .iron: found in red meat or beans supports the red blood cell
production
. Potassium: found bananas/spinach helps regulate blood 6
pressure.
The Heart
Let’s examine how blood flows through the heart.
to body
3 Oxygen-carrying blood from
the lungs enters the left atrium.
from 4 Blood is pumped into the left
left ventricle and starts its journey
lung
again throughout the body.
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Lesson Check:
The Heart
Can you explain how blood flows
through the heart with a partner,
even without the diagram of the heart?
Try explaining the process to your peer
without referring to your notes.
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ANSWER KEY
Lesson lungs
Check:
body Right Atrium Left Atrium
The Heart
Right
Left Ventricle
Can you explain how blood flows Ventricle
through the heart with a partner, even
without the diagram of the heart?
Shown is a sample diagram of how
blood flows through the heart. lungs body
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Blood
It is a special fluid
primarily contained within
the blood vessels.
It has four main components—
red blood cells, white blood
cells, platelets, and plasma.
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Blood
Our blood has four main components:
Platelets
Red Blood Cells
carry oxygen, gather at the site of
nutrients and wastes injury and help the
clotting process
Plasma
White Blood Cells
straw-colored liquid
fight diseases and where the other
protect the body components float in
from infection
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Which of the four blood
components is responsible
for preventing and stopping
Lesson
bleeding when you have an
injury?
Check: Blood Red blood cells
components Plasma
White blood cells
Let’s try this! Platelets
Submit
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ANSWER KEY
Lesson Check:
Blood components
The primary function of platelets is to stop
and prevent bleeding by forming clots.
Once a blood vessel is damaged, it sends out signals to attract
platelets to the site. These tiny blood cells rush to the site and form a
plug that acts as a temporary barrier to prevent further bleeding.
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Blood
plasma
When someone has a blood test,
a small amount of blood is taken white blood cells
and kept in a tube for testing. and platelets
To closely examine it, blood red blood cells
undergoes component separation.
One common method involves
Blood is divided into its
spinning it at very high speeds components, with the heaviest
in a centrifuge. parts at the bottom.
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Blood Vessels
These are tubes or channels that
carry blood throughout our body.
There are three types of blood vessels
—veins, arteries and capillaries.
Each one differs in size and structure.
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Blood Vessels
Let’s take a closer look at the three types of blood vessels:
It has the thickest wall of all three, allowing it to
Artery
withstand the high pressure created by the heart.
It has the thinnest wall to allow substances such as
Capillary oxygen and sugars to pass through its wall—into or out
of the blood.
It is less muscular and stretchy than an artery, so
Vein blood moves through it with low pressure. It also has a
special valve that helps blood go only one way.
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Blood Vessels
Each type of blood vessel has a unique role in the circulatory system.
Artery Capillary Vein
Carries blood away Assists in the exchange Carries blood back
from the heart of substances between towards the heart
the blood and tissues
TIP Remember ‘A’ for ‘artery’ and ‘away’ from the heart!
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Let’s try this!
Lesson How do sickle-shaped blood
cells affect blood flow in the
Check: Sickle circulatory system?
Cell Disease They reduce friction between blood cells.
They cause blockages and reduce blood
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an flow.
inherited blood disorder. People
They improve oxygen delivery to tissues and
with SCD have red blood cells that organs.
become hard and sticky, forming
a C-shaped blood cell instead of They make the blood too thin for survival.
the healthy disc-shaped one.
Submit
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ANSWER KEY
Lesson Check:
Sickle Cell Disease
Considering what you learned about blood and blood vessels, how
does this shape affect blood flow in the circulatory system?
The irregular shape of the sickle-shaped blood cell
makes it easy to clog and block the blood flow.
This can cause pain and other serious infections.
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A Recap
The circulatory system delivers oxygen and nutrients to
the body, while also removing wastes.
Heart Blood Blood Vessels
Has four components:
Muscular organ that Has three types: arteries,
plasma, red blood cell, white
has four chambers veins and capillaries
blood cell, and platelets
Pumps blood around Serve as channels
Carries oxygen,
the body for the blood
nutrients and wastes
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A Day in the Life
of a Red Blood Cell
Write a story as though you are
a red blood cell.
Some guide questions you can use are:
What do you look like?
What is your job?
Where are you found?
Where do you travel from and to?
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