SCIENCE 7
Ms. Shandielyn S. Abdon
GRADING SYSTEM
SCIENCE 7
Ms. Shandielyn S. Abdon
SCIENCE 7
Ms. Shandielyn S. Abdon
CLASS RULES
SCIENCE 7
Ms. Shandielyn S. Abdon
SCIENCE 7
Ms. Shandielyn S. Abdon
SCIENCE 7
QUARTER 1
Module 1 – Scientific Investigation
Module 2 – Elements and Compounds
Module 3 – Substances and Mixtures
Module 4 – Solutions
Module 5 – Concentration of Solutions
SCIENCE 7 – Module 1
Scientific
Investigation
Diagnostic Test
1. this component can validate or invalidate the hypothesis
2. the process of providing a possible solution to a problem.
3. determining existing issue in the community or
environment.
4. processing the data from the experimentation
5. getting information through senses, can be quantitative or
qualitative
Scientific Investigation
Arrange the following steps of the scientific method. Use nos. 1-5.
SCIENTIFIC
METHOD
WHAT is
SCIENTIFIC
METHOD?
Scientific Method
is an orderly process of
empirical investigation that is
focused on solving a problem.
Components of a Scientific Investigation
COMPONENTS OF A
SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION
• Identifying the problem
• Formulating hypothesis
• Gathering Data and Testing the Hypothesis
• Analyzing and Presenting Data
• Creating a conclusion
1. Identifying the Problem
This part answers the
following questions: What
questions do you have about
your topic? What do you
want to know.
Ex. How does fertilizer affect the
growth of the plant?
2. Formulating Hypothesis
A simple statement that presents the
possible solution to the problem.
• Null hypothesis: states no relationship between
variables.
Ex. The fertilizer does not affect the growth of the plants.
• Alternative hypothesis: states a relationship between
variables.
Ex. There is significant relationship between the growth
of the plants and the use of fertilizer.
3. Gathering Data and Testing the Hypothesis
You can test your hypothesis by conducting
an experiment.
• EXPERIMENT: is a set of manipulation or specific observations
of nature and is considered the most important part of the
scientific method.
THREE TYPES OF EXPERIMENT:
1. CONTROLLED
2. NATURAL
3. FIELD EXPERIEMENT
01 CONTROLLED EXPERIMENT
➢ Compares the results obtained from an
experimental sample againsts the control
sample.
➢ Observer tests a hypothesis by looking for
changes brought about by alteration to a
variable.
What is a VARIABLE?
A variable is a characteristic, number or quantity that
increases or decreases over time or takes different
values in different situations.
Anything you can change or
control in an experiment.
-3 KINDS OF VARIABLES IN AN-
EXPERIMENT
CONSTANT INDEPENDENT DEPENDENT
also called controlled are factors that you are the variables that
variables, change or alter during you observe and are
are variables that are an experiment considered the
kept constant. response to an
independent variable.
02 NATURAL EXPERIMENT
➢ Are those that rely solely on observations of
variables of the system under study. Here,
the observer does not manipulate any
variable but simply collect all the possible
data to determine the factors affecting a
particular phenomenon.
03 FIELD EXPERIMENT
➢ It examines the real world using scientific
methods and is often used in social
sciences, such as political science,
economics, and psychology.
Going back to the stated problem …
the experimental design may follow these stages
-Identifying the Problem-
This part answers the following
questions: What questions do you
have about your topic? What do you
want to know.
Ex. How does fertilizer
affect the growth of the
plant?
The experimental design …
1. gather your materials,
2. come up with the step-by-step procedure in carrying out the
experiment,
3. experiental design must consists of setups,
4. try to identify as many variables as possible which can
interfere with the experiment – why?
---> By fixing these variables, you will have a fair test.
The experiment should be a “FAIR TEST”
To genuinely test the hypothesis, the experiement
should be a fair test, a phrase that describes a
scientifically valid experiment.
Fair testing occurs when you CHANGE ONLY ONE
FACTOR at a time while keeping others constant.
Read the situation of a group of students who wanted to determine
the effect of fertilizer on the growth of plants.
Figure 1 A setup for experimenting
Figure 1
A setup for experimenting
The set of plants received some amount of fertilizer is the experimental
group and the set of plants that did not receive fertilizer is the control group.
4. Analyzing and Presenting Data
Data obtained from experiments should be analyzed and
presented systematically. The data may be presented using a
table for an easy interpretation.
Initial Height of Frequency of Treatment Given for Growth of Pea
SETUP the Plant Watering Three Weeks Plants
Group A 15 cm Twice a week 200 mL of plain water 18 cm
Group B 15 cm Twice a week 200 mL fertilizer solution 32 cm
5. Creating a Conclusion
A conclusion is a summary
of the results of the
experiment and the
statement of how the results
match up the hypothesis.
COMPONENTS OF A
SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION
• Identifying the problem
• Formulating hypothesis
• Gathering Data and Testing the Hypothesis
• Analyzing and Presenting Data
• Creating a conclusion
“As we go on with our lives, we face situations
that require us to really dig for the truth. Do not be
afraid to execute the scientific method for as long
as you do it in a fair manner. Your work might
even benefit not only your classmates but the rest
of your community and even the entire world.”
Module 1 – Lesson 2
Qualitative
and Quantitative
Observations
Qualitative
Observations
Qualitative observations only
include descriptive qualities such as shape, color,
texture, etc..
Quantitative
Observations
-Observations that involve a number or quantity.
-Quantitative observations give more precise
information than our senses alone. They are
usually gathered with the use of a measuring
instrument.
I.
II.
OBSERVATION
vs
INFERENCE
OBSERVATION
vs
INFERENCE
Observation:
The clouds are dark.
Inference/s:
It will rain.
There is a storm coming.
Classes might be suspended.
Direction: Look at the picture below and tell whether the statement is an observation or inference.
Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
QUIZ # 1
Thank you for listening!
