Solution
LIGHT UESTION ANSWER
Class 08 - Science
Section A
1. 1. 2
2. 1. Left, Left hand
3. 1. Large
4. 1. Lesser (fewer)
5.
(c) Always
Explanation:
During reflection of light, the angle of reflection is always equal to the angle of incidence
according to the law of light.
6.
(d) Virtual, behind the mirror and of the same size as the object.
Explanation:
Image formed by a plane mirror is virtual, behind the mirror and of the same size as the
object.The image formed by a plane mirror is of the same size as the object. The image is
formed behind the mirror. The image cannot be obtained on a screen. Hence, it is a virtual
image.
Section B
7. We can see an object only if light from an object enters our eyes. The light may be emitted
by the object or may have been reflected by the object. Thus we cannot see an object
which is placed in a dark room if it does not emitt light of its own.
Whereas an object outside the dark room can be seen if there is either light outside the
dark room on the object emitts its own light.
8. (a) Polished Wooden Table : Regular reflection will takes place. This is because polished
wooden table will have a plane surface.
(b) Chalk Powder : Diffused reflection. Because the surface of the chalk powder will be
uneven.
(c) Cardboard Surface : Diffused reflection. Since cardboard has a rough surface.
(d) Marble Floor with Water Spread Over it : Regular reflection as it will act like a plane
surface.
(e) Mirror : Regular reflection . Because mirror has a shiny surface which is even.
(f) Piece of Paper : Diffused reflection. Since surface of paper is uneven.
9. Laws of reflection:
i. The angle of incidence is always equal to the angle of reflection.
ii. The incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal to the surface at the point of
incidence lie in the same plane.
10. First of all we take a chart paper or stiff paper. Let the sheet project a little beyond the
edge of the table.
Perform activity again. This time use a sheet of stiff paper or a chart paper. Let the sheet
project a little beyond the edge of the Table.
Cut the projecting portion of the sheet in the middle. Look at the reflected ray. Make sure
that the reflected ray extends to the projected portion of the paper. Bend that part of the
projected portion on which the reflected ray falls. Bring the paper back to the original
position. When the whole sheet of paper is spread on the table, it represents one plane.
The incident ray, the normal at the point of incidence and the reflected ray are all in the
plane when you bend the paper you create a plane different from the plane in which the
incident ray and the normal lie. They do not see the reflected ray. What does it indicate? It
indicates that the incident ray, the normal at the point of incidence and the reflected ray all
lie in the same plane. This is another law of reflection.
11. A kaleidoscope is composed of a hollow tube. Three mirrors are placed in the form of a
triangular tube and their reflecting surfaces face each other. One end of the tube is
covered with a transparent sheet and another end is covered with an opaque sheet. There
is an eyehole in the opaque sheet. Bits of glass are filled inside the tube. When a
kaleidoscope is turned, we get to see various patterns in it. These patterns are formed
because of multiple reflections.
12.
13. Intensity of laser beam is very high, as it carries large amount of energy. It is harmful for
eyes and can cause permanent damage. One should not look at laser beam directly or
indirectly for a longer period.
14. It is necessary that we take proper care of our eyes. If there is any problem we should go
to an eye specialists. Have a regular checkup. We must :
(i) If advised, use suitable spectacles.
(ii) Too little or too much light is bad for the eyes. Insufficient light causes eyestrain and
headaches. Too much light, like that of the sun, or powerful lamps, can injure retina, which
is very delicate.
(iii) Do not look at the sun or a powerful light directly.
(iv) Never rub our eyes if any small particles or dust goes into our eyes. Wash our eyes
with clean water. If condition does not improve, go to a doctor.
(v) Wash our eyes frequently with clean water.
(vi) Always read at the normal distance for vision.
15.
Given that, ∠i + ∠r = 90°
We know that, ∠i = ∠r
Replacing ∠r in equation (i) with ∠i
∠i + ∠i = 90°
or 2∠i = 90°
or ∠i =
∘
90
∠i = 45°.
16. When the mirrors are parallel to each other, then we get infinite number of images.
17.
18. No, he can see image of object at P but not of Q and R.
19. i. The image of the object at position A will be formed behind the mirror. It will be at the
same distance away from the mirror as the object is B.
ii. Yes, Paheli at B can see the object because a reflected ray from A will reach B.
iii. Boojho can also see the image because his eyes receive the reflected ray from A.
iv. If we trace the reflected rays from B and C backward, they converge at a point behind
the mirror. The position of image A remains fixed even if Paheli moves from B to C.
20. Regular reflection Diffused reflection
1) Occurs from shiny and smooth surfaces. 1) Occurs from unpolished and rough surfaces.
2) Reflected rays are parallel to each other.2) Reflected rays are not parallel to each other.
3) Clear images are formed . 3) Blurred images are formed .
The laws of reflection are followed in every situation. Hence, diffused reflection does not
mean the failure of the laws of reflection.
