88 Answers Physics - Class IX (Level-I & Level-II)
ANSWERS
Chapter 5 : Sound
Level-I
SECTION-B
1. (3) 2. (4) 3. (1) 4. (3) 5. (3) 6. (1) 7. (2)
8. (3) 9. (4) 10. (2) 11. (3) 12. (3) 13. (3) 14. (1)
15. (1) 16. (3) 17. (4) 18. (3) 19. (3) 20. (1) 21. (4)
22. (4) 23. (4)
Level-II
SECTION-A
2. 9 m/s
8. = 1.35 m, s = 81 m
9. (i) Range of wavelengths = 1.75 × 10–2 m to 17.5 m
(ii) Range for time period = 5 × 10–5 s to 5 × 10–2 s
10. 100%
12. Frequency = 500 Hz, Wavelength = 0.68 m, Wave velocity = 340 m/s
15. Velocity = 1440 m/s, Frequency of tuning fork = 480 Hz
16. 340 m/s
17. h = 2286.2 m
18. vi = 4342.11 m/s
19. 300 m/s
20. x = 2468.5 km
21. x = 8 m
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Physics - Class IX (Level-I & Level-II) Answers 89
SECTION-B
1. (2) 2. (4) 3. (4) 4. (2) 5. (1) 6. (1) 7. (2)
8. (1) 9. (1) 10. (4) 11. (2) 12. (3)
SECTION-C
1. (1) 2. (3) 3. (1) 4. (2) 5. (3)
SECTION-D
1. (1) 2. (2) 3. (3) 4. (2)
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Sound 5
CHAPTER
Answers & Solutions
(Level-I)
SECTION-A : Very Short Answer Type Questions :
1. Both Transverse and Longitudinal.
2. Sound waves travel in the form of longitudinal waves in gases and liquids. However, in solids, it can
travel both in the form of longitudinal and transverse waves.
3. 20 Hz to 20 kHz.
4. The frequency of vibration of a simple pendulum is quite small and much below the lower limit of
the audible range.
5. Sound waves require material medium to propagate.
6. Longitudinal waves.
7. Because sound travels faster in solids.
8. The velocity of light is much larger than that of sound. Due to this, the flash of light reaches us
earlier than the sound of thunder does.
9. In transverse wave, particles vibrate about their mean positions in a direction perpendicular to the
direction of propagation of the wave.
Short Answer Type Questions :
1. (i) When a transverse wave propagates through a medium, the particles of the medium oscillate
perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the wave.
(ii) When a longitudinal wave propagates through a medium, the particles of the medium oscillate
along the direction of the propagation of the wave.
2. The fundamental properties that describe a wave are its
Frequency
Wavelength and
Speed
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24 Sound Answers & Solutions of Physics - Class IX (Level-I)
3. Kidney stones are hard deposits which can grow inside a person's kidneys. Ultrasound may be employed
to break these stones into tiny pieces so they can pass out of the kidney along with the urine.
4. An echo is the repetition of the original sound heard after it is reflected, from a distant, dense and rigid
object.
5. Yes, Light waves are the transverse waves in which vibrations take place perpendicular to its direction
of propagation. And light does not require a material medium to propagate. Light from the sun reaches
to the earth after passing through a vast empty space. It is a non-mechanical wave.
Long Answer Type Questions :
1. (i) An echo is the repetition of the original sound heard after the sound is reflected from a distant, dense
and rigid object (such as a high building, cliff, etc.)
(ii) The sensation of sound persists in our ear for 0.1 second or one-tenth of a second, after the original
sound dies off. This is called persistence of hearing.
(iii) Inspite of having weak vision, the bats can fly at full speed freely at night without striking any object.
Bats use ultrasonic waves to perceive their surroundings. During flight, the bat emits a series of high
frequency ultrasonic waves. If any prey (insect) is flying or there is any obstacle in its path, these
high-pitched ultrasonic waves strike the prey or the obstacle and get reflected. The reflected ultrasonic
waves are received as echoes by the bat's ear.
The nature of reflections tells the bat about the prey in the following manner.
(a) The time elapsed between the emission of ultrasonic waves by the bat and in its returning as
an echo gives the bat an estimate of the distance of the prey from it, i.e., if the echoes take
longer time to return from the prey then it indicates that the prey is far away from the bat but if
the echo takes shorter time to return from the prey then it indicates that the prey is very near
to the bat.
(b) The size of the prey is determined by the loudness of the echo. Bigger the prey, louder is the
echo.
(c) With continuous feedback, the bat attacks the prey and captures its meal.
2. Sound waves Light waves
(i) These are mechanical waves. (i) These are electromagnetic waves.
(ii) These waves cannot travel through (ii) These waves can travel even through
vacuum. They always require some vacuum.
material medium for their propagation.
(iii) These waves travel in air at a very low speed (iii) These waves travel at a very high speed of
of 332 m/s at 20 °C. 8
3 × 10 m/s in air.
(iv) These are longitudinal waves. (iv) These are transverse waves.
(v) These are produced due to the vibrations of (v) These are not produced due to vibrations of
the particles of the concerned medium. the particle of the concerned medium.
3. Wavelength : The wavelength of a wave is defined as the distance travelled by the wave during the time
in which any particle of the medium completes one vibration about its mean position.
Frequency : Frequency of a wave is defined as the number of waves produced per second.
Let us consider a mechanical wave passing through a medium. By definition, wavelength () is the distance
travelled by the wave in time T (one time period).
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Answers & Solutions of Physics - Class IX (Level-I) Sound 25
Distance travelled by a wave
Wave velocity (v) =
Time taken
λ 1
v= or v = Since ν =
T T
v = νλ
4. The outer ear is called ‘pinna’. It collects the sound from the surroundings. The collected sound passes
through the auditory canal. At the end of the auditory canal there is a thin membrane called the eardrum
or tympanic membrane. When a compression of the medium reaches the eardrum the pressure on the
outside of the membrane increases and forces the eardrum inward. Similarly, the eardrum moves outward
when a rarefaction reaches it. In this way the eardrum vibrates. The vibrations are amplified several times
by three bones the malleus, incus and stapes in the middle ear. The middle ear transmits these amplified
pressure variations received from the sound wave to the inner ear. In the inner ear, the pressure variations
are turned into electrical signals by the cochlea. These electrical signals are sent to the brain via the
auditory nerve, and the brain interprets them as sound.
SECTION-B : Objective Type Questions :
1. Answer (3)
2. Answer (4)
3. Answer (1)
4. Answer (3)
5. Answer (3)
6. Answer (1)
7. Answer (2)
8. Answer (3)
9. Answer (4)
10. Answer (2)
11. Answer (3)
12. Answer (3)
13. Answer (3)
14. Answer (1)
15. Answer (1)
16. Answer (3)
2h h 2 × 500 500
+ =t, + = t t = 10 + 1.50 = 11.5 s
g v 10 332
17. Answer (4)
3600
ν= = 60 Hz
60
v 960
λ= = = 16 m
ν 60
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26 Sound Answers & Solutions of Physics - Class IX (Level-I)
18. Answer (3)
19. Answer (3)
20. Answer (1)
21. Answer (4)
2.5 wave = 40 cm
40
1 wave = = 16 cm = 0.16 m =
2.5
22. Answer (4)
23. Answer (4)
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Sound 5
CHAPTER
Answers & Solutions
(Level-II)
SECTION-A : Subjective Type Questions :
1. The velocity of sound waves in a medium is determined by the elasticity and density of the medium.
Number of waves 54 54
2. Frequency, = = =
Time taken 1 min. 60s
= 0.9 s–1.
Velocity, v =
= 0.9 × 10 = 9 m/s
3. The energy of the surface wave spreading on the surface of water comes from the kinetic energy
of the stone, shared by the water molecules, on which it falls.
4. On a rainy day, the air contains a large amount of water vapour. The moist air has lesser density
as compared to dry air. Due to this, sound travels faster in moist air and hence it can be heard
over longer distances on a rainy day.
5. The listener at the other end of the pipe will hear two sounds, one through the air and the other
through the metal (material of the pipe). It may be pointed out that the listener will hear the sound
through the pipe earlier and it will be more intense (loud).
6. During wave motion, the particles of the medium are set into oscillations about their mean positions.
An oscillating particle of the medium hands over its motion to a particle just ahead of it. In this
manner, energy is transmitted in a wave motion from one part to the other part of the medium.
7. The speed of sound is quite large in solids as compared to that in gases. So, the sound of a distant
coming train can be easily detected by placing ear near the rails.
8. Here, = 256 Hz; v = 345.6 ms–1
v 345.6
= = = 1.35 m
ν 256
The time taken by the tuning fork to complete 60 vibrations,
1
t = 60 × s
256
Therefore the distance travelled by the sound,
345.6× 60
s=v×t= = 81 m
256
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28 Sound Answers & Solutions of Physics - Class IX (Level-II)
9. (i) We know that,
v =
Here, v = 350 ms–1 and = 20 Hz
350 = 20 ×
350
= = 17.5 m
20
for 20,000 Hz
v =
350 = 20,000 ×
350
= = 1.75 × 10–2 m
20,000
So, the range of wavelengths of audible sound in air is 1.75 × 10–2 m to 17.5 m.
(ii) We know that,
1 1
T= or =
ν T
1
T= = 5 × 10–2 s (for 20 Hz)
20
1
T= = 5 × 10–5 s (for 20,000 Hz)
20,000
Hence range for time period is 5 × 10–5 s to 5 × 10–2 s.
10. The speed of a sound wave remains constant in a given medium at a given temperature. Thus when the
wavelength of a sound wave reduces by 50% in a given medium, the frequency changes in such a
manner, that its velocity remains constant.
v =
We have,
⎛λ⎞
v = ⎜ ⎟ ν′
⎝2⎠
⎛λ⎞
λν = ⎜ ⎟ ν′
⎝2⎠
ν ′ = 2ν
ν′ − ν
Percentage change in frequency = × 100
ν
= 100%
11. Both the sound of the explosion and the sound produced by a humming bee travel with the same speed.
Generally, the amplitude of the sound of the explosion is extremely large.
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Answers & Solutions of Physics - Class IX (Level-II) Sound 29
12. 50 waves pass through a point in 0.1 s.
50
Number of waves pass through the point in 1 second = = 500
0.1
Frequency = 500 Hz
Distance between a crest and the adjacent through of the wave = 0.34 m
λ
= 0.34 m
2
= 0.68 m
We know that, v =
v = 500 × 0.68 = 340 m/s
13. (i) When piston is moved back and forth, the molecules of the liquid also move along the direction of
motion of the piston (direction of propagation of disturbance). Hence it is an example of longitudinal
wave.
(ii) The propeller of a motor boat cuts the water surface laterally and also pushes it in backward direction.
Hence, it will result in both longitudinal and transverse waves.
(iii) Light waves travelling from the sun to the earth are electromagnetic waves, which are transverse in
nature.
14. Effect of temperature
The speed of sound in a medium depends on temperature of the medium. If we increase the temperature
of the medium, the speed of sound increases.
The speed of sound in air is 331 m/s at 0°C and 344 m/s at 22°C.
Effect of Wind
The velocity of sound in air is affected by the velocity of wind because wind drifts the medium (air) along
its direction of motion.
(i) If the wind blows in the same direction in which the sound travels, the velocity of sound increases,
i.e.,
Velocity of sound = velocity of sound in still air + velocity of wind
v = vS v W
(ii) If the wind blows in the opposite direction in which sound travels, the velocity of sound decreases,
i.e.,
Velocity of sound = velocity of sound in still air – velocity of wind
v = vS – v W
Effect of humidity
The presence of water vapour in the air reduces the density of air, i.e.,
Density of moist air < density of dry air
Therefore, velocity of sound in moist air > velocity of sound in dry air.
That is why sound travels faster on a rainy day than on a dry day.
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30 Sound Answers & Solutions of Physics - Class IX (Level-II)
v
15. Frequency of tuning fork, =
λ
330
= = 480 Hz
68.75 × 10–2
Frequency does not change with change in medium.
Hence velocity of sound in hydrogen, v =
= 480 × 3 = 1440 m/s
16. Let the distance of the person from cliff A be x. So, his distance from cliff B will be 2x.
510 = x + 2x 3x = 510
3x = 510
O
510 A B
x= = 170 m x 2x
3
x + x 340 Cloud
Now, v = = = 340 m/s
1 1 A
17. AB = OAsin
h = vtsin60° vt h
h = 330 × 8 × 0.866
h = 2286.2 m 60°
O B
18. Let us assume, the time taken by the sound in iron to reach the man = t
Then time taken by the sound in air to reach the man = t + 5.6
Because the elasticity of the iron is much greater than the air, so speed of the sound will be more in iron
than air.
Distance travelled (Given) = 2 km
= 2000 m [∵ The railway track is straight, so sound covers same
distance both in iron and air to reach the man]
vi × t = (t + 5.6) × 330 = 2000 m
(t + 5.6) × 330 = 2000
330 t + 5.6 × 330 = 2000
330 t = 152
152
t=
330
Hence speed of sound in iron
2000
vi = = 4342.11m/s
152 / 330
20
19. Time interval between two successive claps = s
50
2d 2 60 50
Speed of sound = 300 m/s
t 20
20. Let distance be x
x x
– 4 60
4.5 8
2x x
– 240
9 8
x = 2468.5 km
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Answers & Solutions of Physics - Class IX (Level-II) Sound 31
2y x
21. – t
v v S
2y – x = 250 × 8 × 10–3 y
2y – x = 2 ...(i)
x
3m
2
x 2 2
2 (3) y
O
x2
9 y2 ...(ii)
4
From equation (i) and (ii)
x=8m
SECTION-B : Objective Type Questions :
1. Answer (2)
2. Answer (4)
3. Answer (4)
4. Answer (2)
5. Answer (1)
6. Answer (1)
v 4v
= ⇒ λ = 4λ
λ λ′
7. Answer (2)
v =
1500
λ= = 1.5 m
1000
8. Answer (1)
v 300
ν= = = 1875 Hz
λ 0.16
9. Answer (1)
1 2 1
h = ut + gt1 h = gt12 (u = 0)
2 2
2h
t1 =
g
2h h
Then time = +
g v
10. Answer (4)
11. Answer (2)
12. Answer (3)
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32 Sound Answers & Solutions of Physics - Class IX (Level-II)
SECTION-C : Assertion & Reason Type Questions :
1. Answer (1)
Sound waves require a material medium for propagation. So, the reason is true and a correct explanation
of the assertion.
2. Answer (3)
3. Answer (1)
4. Answer (2)
5. Answer (3)
SECTION-D : Match the Columns Type Questions :
1. Answer (1)
2. Answer (2)
3. Answer (3)
4. Answer (2)
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