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Key Events in World History

The document outlines significant historical events from the fall of the Roman Empire in 476 AD to World War II in 1945, highlighting key causes and consequences. Major events include the Norman Conquest, the Renaissance, the Protestant Reformation, the American and French Revolutions, the Industrial Revolution, the American Civil War, and both World Wars. Each event is characterized by its impact on political, cultural, and social structures in their respective eras.

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22 views2 pages

Key Events in World History

The document outlines significant historical events from the fall of the Roman Empire in 476 AD to World War II in 1945, highlighting key causes and consequences. Major events include the Norman Conquest, the Renaissance, the Protestant Reformation, the American and French Revolutions, the Industrial Revolution, the American Civil War, and both World Wars. Each event is characterized by its impact on political, cultural, and social structures in their respective eras.

Uploaded by

Ahsan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

1.

The Fall of the Roman Empire (476 AD)

• The Western Roman Empire collapsed due to internal corruption, economic decline, and
invasions by Germanic tribes.
• The fall marked the beginning of the Middle Ages in Europe.
• The Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire) continued to exist until 1453.

2. The Norman Conquest of England (1066)

• William the Conqueror, Duke of Normandy, defeated King Harold II at the Battle of
Hastings.
• The conquest led to major political and cultural changes in England, including the feudal
system.

3. The Renaissance (14th-17th Century)

• A cultural revival of art, literature, and science, beginning in Italy and spreading across
Europe.
• Key figures: Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Galileo, and Shakespeare.
• Marked the transition from the medieval period to modern history.

4. The Protestant Reformation (1517)

• Started by Martin Luther's 95 Theses criticizing the Catholic Church's practices.


• Led to the formation of Protestant churches and religious wars in Europe.
• Weakened the power of the Catholic Church and influenced political structures.

5. The American Revolution (1775-1783)

• The 13 American colonies fought for independence from British rule.


• Key events: Declaration of Independence (1776), Battle of Saratoga (1777), and the
Treaty of Paris (1783).
• Led to the creation of the United States of America.

6. The French Revolution (1789-1799)

• Causes: Economic crisis, inequality, and the influence of Enlightenment ideas.


• Key events: Storming of the Bastille (1789), Reign of Terror (1793-94), and the rise of
Napoleon.
• Ended absolute monarchy in France and promoted democracy.

7. The Industrial Revolution (18th-19th Century)

• A period of technological and industrial growth, beginning in Britain.


• Inventions: Steam engine, spinning jenny, and telegraph.
• Transformed economies, urbanization, and social structures.

8. The American Civil War (1861-1865)

• Conflict between the Northern (Union) and Southern (Confederate) states over slavery
and states' rights.
• Key battles: Gettysburg, Antietam, and Appomattox.
• Resulted in the abolition of slavery (13th Amendment) and the preservation of the Union.

9. World War I (1914-1918)

• Causes: Militarism, alliances, imperialism, and nationalism.


• Trigger: Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.
• Ended with the Treaty of Versailles (1919), leading to geopolitical changes and
resentment in Germany.

10. World War II (1939-1945)

• Causes: Treaty of Versailles, rise of fascism, and Hitler’s expansion.


• Key events: Holocaust, D-Day (1944), atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
(1945).
• Resulted in the formation of the United Nations and the Cold War.

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