Second Trip Abroad
Hongkong and Macao 1888
-February 1888
*full-grown man of 27 years of age
*practicing physician
*recognized man-of-letters
*embittered victim of human iniquities
-disillusioned dreamer
*frustrated reformer
Hongkong
-February 3,1888 (left Manila for Hongkong)
-February 7(stopover at Amony)
He was not feeling well
It was raining hard.
He heard that the city was dirty.
-February 8(arrival at Hongkong)
-Victoria Hotel
He was welcomed by Filipino residents, including Jose Basa, Balbino Mauricio
and Manuel Yriarte.
-Jose Sainz de Varanda
*former secretary of Governor General Terrero
*shadowed Rizal’s movement
*believed to be a spy to Rizal
MACAO
-Rizal was accompanied by Basa
-visited the theatre, casino, cathedral and churches, pagodas, botanical
garden and bazaars.
-Feb.19-he witnesses a procession
-Feb.20-returned to Hongkong
Experiences in Hongkong
1.Noisy celebration of Chinese New Year(Feb.11 to 13)
2.Boisterous Chinese theatre
3.Marathon lauriat party
4.Dominican Order
5.Hongkong cemeteries
Departure from Hong Kong
-Feb.22, 1888-left for Japan
Romantic Interlude in Japan 1888
-one of Rizal’s happiest interludes was his visit in the “Land of the Cherry
Blossoms” for one month and a half (Feb.28-Apr.13)
-fell inlove with Seiko Usui(O-Sei-San)
Rizal Arrives in Yokohama
-visited by Juan Perez Caballero
-invited Rizal to live at the Spanish Legation
Rizal accepted it for two reasons:
1.He could economize his living expenses by staying at the legation.
2.He had nothing to hide from the prying eyes of the Spanish authorities.
-March 7( checked out of Tokyo Hotel and lived at the Spanish Legation)
-He studied the Japanes language and Japanese drama.
Rizal’s Impression of Japan
Beauty of the country-flowers, mountains, and scenic panoramas.
The cleanliness, politeness and industry of the Japanese people.
The picturesque dress and simple charm of the Japanese women
Few thieves in Japan.
Beggars were rarely seen.
Romance with O-Sei-San
-O-Sei-San was a lonely samurai’s daughter of 23 years old and had never
yet experienced the ecstacyof true love.
-She was Rizal’s ideal womanhood: beauty,charm, modesty and intelligence.
-More than a sweetheart, she was his guide , interpreter and tutor.
-She improved his knowledge of Nippongo and Japanese history.
Sayonara, Japan
-On April 13, 1888, he left Japan with a heavy heart for he knew he would
never see again Japan and O-Sei-San.
O-Sei-San after Rizal’s departure
-She mourned for a long time the loss of her lover. She became resigned to
her fate, cherishing unto death the nostalgic memories of her romance with
Rizal.
About 1897, a year after Rizal’s execution, she married Mr. Alfred Chartlon
and was blessed with one child named Yuriko.
Rizal’s visit to the US(1888)
• April 28, 1888: Rizals first time in America
• First went to San Francisco riding the steamer “Blegic”
• All passengers of this ship was under quarantine since there was a
cholera epidemic
• Rizal knew that there was no cholera epidemic at the Far East during
that time; he then found out that the reason why the ship he rode was
placed under quarantine was because of political motivation.
• This is where he witnessed discrimination of Chinese and Japanese by
the Americans
• May 4, 1888: Rizal was allowed to go ashore
• Rizal stayed at the Palace hotel
• Rizal stayed in SF for two day
• May 6, 1888: Rizal left SF for Oakland riding a ferry boat
• In Oakland he boarded a train for his trip across the continent
• May 7, 1888: Rizal was in Reno, Nevada.
• May 8, 1888: Rizal was in Utah and Denver
• May 9, 1888: Rizal was in Colorado
• May 10, 1888: Rizal was in Nebraska
• May 11, 1888: Rizal woke up in Chicago
• May 12, 1888: Rizal was in Canada
• May 13, 1888: Rizal was in Albany
• May 13, 1888: Rizals grand transcontinental trip ended at exactly
11:10am
• May 13: Rizal was in New York
• May 16, 1888: left NY for Liverpool on board the steamer “the city of
rome”
• Rizal’s good and bad impressions of America:
• Good impression-
• Material progress. All the cities he went to were flourishing.
• The drive and energy of the Americans
• The natural beauty of the land
• The high standard of living and the opportunities of a better life
• The only bad impression of Rizal was that there was no racial equality
in America
Rizal in London(1888-89)
• After visiting the US Rizal lived in London for one year
• Reasons why he chose this English city
• To improve his knowledge of English language
• To study Morga’s Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas(only available at the
British Museum)
• London was a safe place to continue his fight against Spanish tyranny
• Continued to write for La Solidaridad in defense of his people against
spain
• Made a letter for the young women of Malolos
• Had a romance with Gertrude Beckett
• Won a lot of friends during his trans-atlantic voyage from NY to
Liverpool
• Entertained Europeans and American passengers with his yo-yo
• May 24, 1888: Rizal arrived at Liverpool, England
• Lived in Dr. Antonio Ma. Regidor’s house for a while.
• Eventually found a boarding place, he was a boarder of the Beckett
family
• Rizal did most of his research at the British museum
Good and Bad news reached Rizal from home
1. Persecution of Filipinos who signed the Anti-Friar petition
2. Persecution of the Calamba tenants including Rizal’s family and
relatives
3. Furious attacks on Rizal by Spanish senators
4. Rizals brother in law was exiled to Bohol
• A friend of Rizal was arrested and jailed in Bilibid prison for keeping a
copy of Noli.
• 1. The good news that reached rizal was the defense of Noli by Rev.
Vicente Garcia against the friars.
• Annotating Morga’s book was considered his greatest achievement
during his stay in London
• Early September 1888, Rizal visited Paris for a week for research
• Rizal was entertained by Juan Luna and his wife during his stay in
London
• December 1888: Rizal visited Barcelona and Madrid
• This was where Rizal first met Marcelo H Del Pilar and Mariano
Ponce(two titans of the propaganda movement)
• Rizal returned to London and spent Christmas and New year’s day
there
• December 31, 1888: Asociacion La Solidaridad was inaugurated. Rizal
was chosen honorary president
• February 15, 1889: La Solidaridad in Barcelona was founded by
Graciano Lopez Jaena
• Rizals first article in the La Solidaridad was entitles Los Agricultores
Filipinos. Published march 25,1889.
• Wrote the Tagalog version of The women of malolos on Feb 22 1889.
This letter was about the Filipino woman and their rights
• Had a romantic interlude with Gertrude Beckett
• The relationship did not last long for Rizal had a mission to accomplish
in life
• Before he left London Rizal finished four sculptural work
• 1. Prometheus bound
• 2. The triumph of death over life
• 3. The triumph of science over death
• 4. A carving of the heads of the Beckett sisters
• March 19, 1889: left London for paris
• Rizal was sad, he had so many fun memories during his stay in London
Rizal’s Second Sojourn in Paris and the Universal Exposition of 1889
• Rizal had a hard time looking for living quarters in Paris
• For a short time Rizal lived in the house of his friend Valentin Ventura.
This was where he polished the annotated edition of Morga’s book
• He was able to find a room and lived with two other Filipinos, Captain
Justo Trinidad and Jose Albert
• In spite of a joyous lifestyle in Paris, Rizal kept himself busy. Continued
researching. Spent most of his time at the National Library
• During his spare time he spent time with his friends and usually had
dinner together
• May 6, 1889: Exposition of paris opened. Rizal was fascinated
• March 19, 1889: Kidlat club was formed by Rizal
• The kidlat club was then replaced by Indios Bravos
• Another secret society the Rizal formed was the R.D.L.M.
• Paris 1890: annotated edition of Morga’s Sucesos was published
• All those time that Rizal spent in the National museum helped him
enrich his knowledge in history
• Rizal wrote the “Philippines within a colony”
• Wrote the essay”Indolence of the Filipinos”
• Rizal was planning to establish a modern college in Hong Kong
Rizal left Paris
• On January 28, 1890, Rizal left Paris for Brussels, capital of Belgium.
• Two reasons why Rizal left Paris.
• The cost of living in Paris was very high because of the Universal
Exposition.
• The gay social life of the city hampered his literary works.
Life in Brussels
• Rizal was accompanied by Jose Albert when he moved to Brussels. They
lived in a modest boarding house on 38 Rue Philippe Champagne. Later
Albert left the city, and was replaced by Jose Alejandro, an engineering
student.
• In Brussels, Rizal was busy writing his second novel, El Filibusterismo
which is a continuation of the Noli. Aside from writing its chapters, he wrote
articles for La Solidaridad.
Articles Published in La Solidaridad
• “A La Defensa” (To La Defensa), April 90, 1889
• “La Verdad Para Todos” (The Truth For All), May 31, 1889
• “Vicente Barrantes’ Teatro Tagalo” June 15 ,1889
• “Una Profanacion” (A Profanation), July 31,1889
• “Verdades Nuevas” (New Truths), July 31, 1889
• “Crueldad” (Cruelty), August 15, 1889
• “Diferencias” (Differences), September 15, 1889
• “Inconsequencias” (Inconsequences), November 30, 1889
• “Llanto y Risas” (Tears and laughter), November 30, 1889
• “Ingratitudes” (Ingratitude), January 15, 1890
Rizal Criticizes Madrid Filipino for Gambling
• In Brussels, Rizal received news from Juan Luna and Valentin Ventura
that the Filipinos in Spain were destroying the good name of their nation by
gambling too much. This urged Rizal to do something about it. Rizal wrote to
M.H. Del Pilar on May 28 , 1890 to remind the Filipinos in Madrid that they did
not come to Europe to gamble, but to work for their Fatherland’s freedom.
Bad news from home and preparation to go home
• Letters from home which Rizal received in Brussels worried him. The
Calamba agrarian trouble was getting worse. The management of Dominican
hacienda continually raised the land rents until such time that Rizal’s father
refused to pay his rent. The Domincan Order filed a suit in court to
dispossess the Rizal family of their lands in Calamba.
• In the face of sufferings which afflicted his family, Rizal planned to go
home. He could not not stay in Brussels writing a book while his parents,
relatives, and friends in the Philippines were persecuted. Rizal wrote a letter
to Ponce, dated July 18, 1890, he expressed his determination to go home
Decision to go to Madrid
• All his friends were horrified by Rizal’s plan to return to the Philippines.
They warned him of the danger that awaited him at home. But Rizal ignored
the dire warning of his friends. Something, however, happened that suddenly
made him change his mind. It was a letter from Paciano which related that
they lost the case against the Dominicans in Manila, but they appealed it to
the Supreme Court in Spain, hence a lawyer was needed to handle it in
Madrid. Rizal wrote to M.H. del Pilar on June 20, 1890 retaining the latter’s
services as lawyer. He further informed M.H. del Pilar that he was going to
Madrid , in order to supervise the handling of the case. In another letter to
Ponce, written at Brussels, July 29, 1890, Rizal announced that he was
leaving Brussels at the beginning of the following month and would arrived in
Madrid about the 3rd or 4th August.
Bad news from home and preparation to go home
• Letters from home which Rizal received in Brussels worried him. The
Calamba agrarian trouble was getting worse. The management of Dominican
hacienda continually raised the land rents until such time that Rizal’s father
refused to pay his rent. The Domincan Order filed a suit in court to
dispossess the Rizal family of their lands in Calamba.
• In the face of sufferings which afflicted his family, Rizal planned to go
home. He could not not stay in Brussels writing a book while his parents,
relatives, and friends in the Philippines were persecuted. Rizal wrote a letter
to Ponce, dated July 18, 1890, he expressed his determination to go home
Decision to go to Madrid
• All his friends were horrified by Rizal’s plan to return to the Philippines.
They warned him of the danger that awaited him at home. But Rizal ignored
the dire warning of his friends. Something, however, happened that suddenly
made him change his mind. It was a letter from Paciano which related that
they lost the case against the Dominicans in Manila, but they appealed it to
the Supreme Court in Spain, hence a lawyer was needed to handle it in
Madrid. Rizal wrote to M.H. del Pilar on June 20, 1890 retaining the latter’s
services as lawyer. He further informed M.H. del Pilar that he was going to
Madrid , in order to supervise the handling of the case. In another letter to
Ponce, written at Brussels, July 29, 1890, Rizal announced that he was
leaving Brussels at the beginning of the following month and would arrived in
Madrid about the 3rd or 4th August.
Rizal Arrived in Madrid
• On August, 1890, Rizal arrived in Madrid, Spain.
• Rizal failed to seek justice for his family and the Calamba tenants.
• Dissapointment piled on Rizal from the two fought duels with Antonio
Luna and Wencenslao Retana. His fiance also left him and married a british
engineer.
• Jose Rizal displayed resilient strength of character and survived.
Failure to get justice for family
• Rizal immediately asked for help of the filipino colony to seek justice for
his family and for the oppressed Calamba tenants.
• Asociacion Hispano-Filipina, and the liberal Spanish newspapers help
fight securing justice for the Calamba tenants and Rizal’s family.
• Terrible news reached Rizal in Madrid as he was fighting for justice.
Rizals brother in law, Silvestre Ubaldo received a copy of ejecment order by
the dominicans against Franciso Rizal and other Calamba tenants.
• In desperation, Rizal sought the aid of the liberal Spanish statesmen,
who were former members of the ministry. Unfortunately they just gave
honeyed words of sympathy, and nothing else.
• Rizal was urged to see Queen Regent Maria Cristina, but with the lack
of gold and connections, Rizal was unable to do so.
Rizal’s Eulogy to Panganiban and his duels
• Rizal was devastated by the death of his friend, Jose Ma. Panganiban.
He died on August 19, 1890, after a lingering illness
• After the death of Jose Ma. Panganiban Rizal wrote a great eulogy to
Panganiban
• August, 1890, Rizal attended a social reunion of the Filipinos in Madrid
and had with a fight with Atonio Luna.
• Rizal challenged Retana to a duel. Retana is a talented Spanish scholar
and Rizal’s bitter enemy of the pen
• Late 1890 there arose an unfortunate rivalry between Rizal and M.H.
del Pilar for supremacy. An election took place Rizal won but declined the
coveted position and left Madrid.
Failure to get justice for family
• Rizal immediately asked for help of the filipino colony to seek justice for
his family and for the oppressed Calamba tenants.
• Asociacion Hispano-Filipina, and the liberal Spanish newspapers help
fight securing justice for the Calamba tenants and Rizal’s family.
• Terrible news reached Rizal in Madrid as he was fighting for justice.
Rizals brother in law, Silvestre Ubaldo received a copy of ejecment order by
the dominicans against Franciso Rizal and other Calamba tenants.
• In desperation, Rizal sought the aid of the liberal Spanish statesmen,
who were former members of the ministry. Unfortunately they just gave
honeyed words of sympathy, and nothing else.
• Rizal was urged to see Queen Regent Maria Cristina, but with the lack
of gold and connections, Rizal was unable to do so.
With the Bousteads in Biarritz
• Rizal arrived in Biarritz at the beginning of February, 1891 and was
welcomed by the Bousteads family. The one month vacation made Rizal
forget the bitter memories in Madrid and had an affection for Nelly Boustead
• On March 29, 1891 his departure from Blumentritt he finished the
manuscript of El Filibusterismo
To Paris and back to Brussels
• On March 30, 1891 Rizal went back to Paris and stayed at the home of
his friend, Valentin Ventura, on 4 Rue de Chateaudum and wrote Jose Ma.
Basa in Hong Kong on April 4 expressing his desire to go to British Colony to
practise aphthalmology in order to earn his living.
• By mid of April, 1891 Rizal went back to Brussels and was welcomed by
the Jacoby sisters
• From Brussels on May 1, 1891 he notified the Propaganda authorities of
his retirement. Rizal also immediately stopped writing for the La Solidaridad
after his retirement.
• On May 30, 1891 the revision of the El Fili was completed and was
ready for Published.
EL FILIBUSTERISMO PUBLISHED IN GHENT
October,1887 – Jose Rizal begun writing El Fili. While practicing medicine in
Calamba.
• 1888- in London he made changes in the plot and add more characters in
Paris and Medrid. He finished his manuscript in Biarriztz on March 19, 1891
• three years have spent to finish this novel
• July 5,1891 – Rizal left Brussels for Ghent because
1. The cost of printing there was cheaper than Brussels
2. To escape from the enticing attraction of Petite Suzanne.
• Jose Alejandro (form Pamp.) and Edilberto Evangelista (from Manila)- his
competitors
• Owning a limited funds Rizal board at a cheap boarding house with
Alejandro.
Tea, sugar, alcohol and a box of biscuits – is divided to save money
• F. MEYER-VAN LOO PRESS – is the press found by Rizal to publish his novel.
He pawned his jewels in order to pay down payment. Our hero became
running low of budget. But he received money from basa and P200 from
Rodrigues Arias for the copies of Monrga’s Sucesos sold in Manila.
• On August 6 – he suspended the publish of the novel because of the lack of
funds. On this date he wrote a letter to Basa in Hong Kong enclosing clipping,
the secong part is advanced and stoped at page112.
• Ventura, savior of the Fili – same as the novel in Noli Rizal became broke
and he wants to burn his work but whenever he realize there still more
people who love their country
• Valentin Ventura in Paris gave Rizal funds to resume the novel.
September 18,1891 came off the press, immediately sent two copies to
hongkong and Basa other for Sixto Lopez
• Jose Rizal sent the orig. manuscript to Valentin who load to publish the
novel
• He also sent copies to Blumentritt, Mariano Ponce, G. Lopez Jaena, TH
Padro De Travera, Antonio and Juan Luna and more
• El Nevo Regimen issued about the novel of October.
• Dedicated to Gom-bur-za – students, travelers, OFW
• 10 000 – valentine Venture, 279 pages of long sheets of paper
Ophthclmic surgron in Hong Kong
Rizal went to hong kong after the novel published from europe. He left
Europe because of the ff.
1. Life was unbearable in Europe because of his political diff. with MH del
and other fillipino in spain.
• 2.to be near his idolized philippines and family.
• October 3, 1891 – he left for hong kong.
• Two weeks publication of el fili he went to paris to say good bye to lunasm
pardo de taveras, Venturas and other friends,
• German ladies was gossiping about Rizal because he is alone and the only
asian in the train. Though Rizal can understand german he didn’t bother.
Suddenly the train door opened and a German said if Rizal is such a
gentleman he would close the door for them then after Rizal heard it he
stood up
• And close it. Afterward he talk to the German ladies and they were
embarrassed.
November 20 1891- he arrived in hongkong welcoming him with Filipino
relatives
December 1, 1891 – Rizal is asking a permission to go back to Philippines.
25 persons from calamba with Neneng, Sisa,Lucia, Paciano, and his father
was caught too.
• Queen Regent of Spain- Hidalgo also states that we wants to ensure justice.
But the queen won’t listen
Before Christmas of 1891- this father arrived and his brother in law named
Silvestre Ubaldo afterwards his mother and sisters followed though her
mother is almost blind because of
The Spaniards.
• Ophthalimic Surgeon – he studied in hongkong and had a friend dr
named Lorenzo P. Marques who helped him build a wide clientele and the dr.
always turned over of eye cases.
Brithish, Chinese, Portuguese and americans was his clients.
Finally the vision of the mother of rizal was able to see because of himself
• Writing in Hong kong – Ang karapatan nang tao. La Nacion Espanola. Sa
Mga Kababayan.
Decision to return to Manila- May 1892 Rizal Made up his mind. This decision
surprised the ff.
1. To confer with Governador Despujol regarding his borneo colonization
project.
2. To establish Liga Filipina in manila
3.To prove that Eduardo de Lete was wrong in attacking him in Madrid.
• Last HongKong Letters – June 19, they celebrated the bday of Rizal in
hong kong
June 20, he wrote a letter for his death he gave it to Dr, Marques to be open
after his death.
Rizal falls into Spanish trap- anti religious and anti patriotic agitation.
