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Ict Again

The document discusses algorithms and flowcharts, defining algorithms as step-by-step procedures for problem-solving and flowcharts as visual representations of these processes. It outlines the characteristics of a good algorithm, such as unambiguity and effectiveness, and provides examples of simple algorithms for computing averages and evaluating expressions. Additionally, it describes basic flowchart symbols used in diagramming processes.

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30 views3 pages

Ict Again

The document discusses algorithms and flowcharts, defining algorithms as step-by-step procedures for problem-solving and flowcharts as visual representations of these processes. It outlines the characteristics of a good algorithm, such as unambiguity and effectiveness, and provides examples of simple algorithms for computing averages and evaluating expressions. Additionally, it describes basic flowchart symbols used in diagramming processes.

Uploaded by

zarahmartha8
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

UC2 WEEK 4

Topic: ALGORITHM AND FLOWCHART


 Algorithm: Step-by-step procedure to solve a problem or perform an
operation. Example: Cooking fried rice.
 Flowchart: Visual representation of steps and decisions to solve a problem,
using diagram shapes and arrows.
Functions of an Algorithm:
1. Road maps for tasks.
2. Develop effective solutions.
3. Predict special cases.
4. Manage memory and data.
5. Simplify program development.
CHARACTERISTICS OF AN ALGORITHM
The characteristics of a good algorithm are:
 Unambiguous: Each step must be clear, well-defined and precise. It must be
easy to understand the procedure.
 Effectiveness: it must give the correct answer.
 Finiteness – there is exact number of steps to be taken and has an end.
 Precision – the steps are precisely stated (defined).
 Uniqueness – results of each step are uniquely defined and only depend on
the input and the result of the preceding steps.
 Sequence of execution: instructions are performed from top to bottom.
 Input specified: must specify the type, amount and from of data to be used
during the algorithm.
 Output: It should result in at least one output.

WRITING SIMPLE ALGORITHMS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS


1. Algorithm to compute the average of a given set of numbers.
The Algorithm follows:
i. c = 1 (use to count the numbers processed)
ii. Sum = 0
iii. If c > sum: go to line viii
iv. Sum = sum + c
v. c=c+1
vi. Go to line iii
vii. vii average = sum/c
viii. Print the average
ix. End.

2. An algorithm that evaluates Y=a(b-c) /d + 2


2
i. Input the values a, b, c, d
ii. Y=a*(b-c)^2 /(d + 2)
iii. Print Y

3. An algorithm that prints out the first ten odd numbers.


i. Count =0
ii. Sum=1
iii. Sum =sum + count
iv. If count > 10, go to line viii
v. Count = count + 2
vi. Go to line iii
vii. Average = sum/num
viii. Print average
ix. End

BASIC FLOWCHART SYMBOLS


The flowchart symbols are as follows:
Terminator (Start and Stop): The oval, or terminator, is used to
represent the start and end of a process.

Process: It represents any step in the process you’re


diagramming

Data (Input/Output): Input and output symbols show where and


how data is coming in and out throughout your process
Arrow (Directional flow): The arrow is used to guide the
viewer along their flowcharting path.

Decision (Diamond): The diamond symbolizes that


a decision is required to move forward.

Document: Single and multiple document icons show that there


are additional points of reference involved in your flowchart.

Connector: connector symbols make it easier to connect


flowcharts that span multiple pages.

Predefined process: Used to reference flowchart defined


elsewhere.
FLOWCHART DIAGRAMS FOR GIVEN PROBLEMS
1. Flowchart to compute the average of a given set of numbers.

Video Links:
[Link]

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