STOP!!!
GENDER BASED
VIOLENCE
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Dr. Elok Permatasari, [Link]., [Link].
Gender Based Violence (GBV)
Gender-Based violence refers to harmful acts directed at an
individual based on their gender. It is rooted in gender inequality,
the abuse of power and harmful norms (UNHCR).
Gender-based violence can include sexual, physical, mental and
economic harm inflicted in public or in private. It also includes
threats of violence, coercion and manipulation.
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This can take many forms
such as intimate partner
violence, sexual violence,
child marriage, female genital
mutilation and
so-called 'honor crimes'
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Worldwide, an estimated one in
three women will experience
physical or sexual abuse in her
lifetime. Gender-based violence
undermines the health, dignity,
security and autonomy of its
a culture of silence
victims, yet it remains shrouded in
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The top 10 countries with
the highest prevalence of
Intimate Partner
Violence
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THE FACTs
o World Health Organization’s (WHO) data from 2021, almost
one in every three women, or approximately 736 million
women, have been subjected to intimate partner violence,
non-partner sexual violence or both at least once in their
lifetime.
o This does not account for the 1 woman every 11 minutes
who is killed by her partner (UNODC, 2020).
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Gender Based Violence Forms
Physico-
Physical Sexual Economic Structural
logical
Any act which Any sexual act Any act which Any act or The
causes physical perfomed on an causes behaviour which subordination of
harm as a result individual psychological causes economic women in
of unlawful without their harm to an harm to an economic, social
physical force. consent. Include individual. individual. and political life
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Contact / Non- Manipulation,
Contact coercion, verbal
insult/harrasment
The Main Cause of Gender Based Violence
Gender-based violence is deeply rooted in
discriminatory cultural beliefs and attitudes that
perpetuate inequality and powerlessness, in particular
of women and girls.
Various other factors, such as poverty, lack of education
and livelihood opportunities, and impunity for crime and
abuse, also tend to contribute to and reinforce a culture of
violence and discrimination based on gender.
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Causes Barriers
Physical Factors ✓ Lack of physical security
✓ Poverty : lack of education and livelihood
opportunities, and inadequate access to shelter,
food, water, fuel, and income g
Socio/Cultural ✓ Discriminatory social, cultural or religious laws,
Factors norms and practices
✓ Collapse of family, social and communal structures
✓ Lack of confidence and/or trust ini social/public
institution
Judicial Barriers ✓ Lack of access to justice institutions & mechanisms
✓ Lack of adequate and affordable legal advice
✓ Lack of adequate victims/survivor protection
mechanism
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✓ Inadequate legal frameworks
Causes Barriers
Individual Barriers ✓ Threat or fear of stigma, isolation and social
✓ Exposure to further violence >> perpetrators,
community authorities, ill-treatment, and
punishment
✓ Lack of information about human rights
Humanitarian ✓ Failure to address or prioritize GBV
Programming ✓ Lack of gender-sensitive design of programmes
Obstacles ✓ Sexual exploitations and abuse by peacekeepers
and humanitarian workers
✓ Weak link with other assistance and protection
programmes
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When a woman has been subjected to gender-based violence,
it has short and long-term consequences for her physical,
mental and sexual and reproductive health.
Injuries, unintended pregnancies, sexually
transmitted infections and gynaecological disorders
Anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder,
and even self-harm to the point of attempted suicide
and death
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PREVENTION STRATEGY
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Respons & Prevent Gender Based Violence
Gender-based violence is a Provide integrating services for survivors into programmes,
human rights violation and is policies and advocacy on sexual and reproductive health
the result of structural,
deep-rooted discrimination, Changing harmful social and gender norms that perpetuate
which requires legislative, gender inequality.
administrative and Comprehensive sexuality education as a primary prevention
institutional measures and strategy to end gender-based violence, since it helps
reforms, including the adolescents to nurture positive gender-equitable attitudes and
eradication of gender values, which are linked to reduced violence, and healthier,
stereotypes. equitable, non-violent relationships
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Notable !
Strengthen relationship skills : Equipping with vital soft skills like effective
communication and self-confidence to build healthy relationships
Strengthen positive family relationships: Parents and caregivers can be the
first line of support for children, and facilitate access to essential services.
Build capacity to respond: Survivors are often made to recount their abuse
multiple times, which is re-traumatizing and often discourages them from
seeking services in the future.
Transform attitudes, beliefs and
norms.
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THANK YOU
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