Electron College of Technical Education

108 Gen. T. De Leon Valenzuela City

Scrolling Through Adolescence: The Impact of

Social Media on Youth Development

In Partial Fulfilment
of the Requirements for the
Practical Research 2

Arangote, Joel V.
Cabillo, Clarence A.
Ibay, Klye Adrian R.
Lamboloto, Jhay Drex S.
Manjares, Julian
Sarabia, Kenneth B.

2024
 Electron College of Technical Education
108 Gen. T. De Leon Valenzuela City
CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction
Social media has become a significant influence in young people's lives in an

era marked by the fast spread of technology. It is indisputable that social media sites

like Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and Snap-chat have an impact on how today's

youth develop. Examining the complex effects of social media on young people's

physical, emotional, and cognitive development is essential as these digital spaces

become more and more critical to how young people communicate, connect, and

consume information. In order to understand how social media affects teenage

development and the complicated interaction between it, this investigation explores

both the advantages and disadvantages of this digital phenomena.

Adolescents now live almost entirely on social media, which has both positive

and negative implications on their well being. This study intends to investigate how

social media affects adolescents' general growth, relationships, and mental health.

The potential harm that social media may cause to teenagers' mental health is

one of the major affects it has on them. Numerous studies have linked excessive

social media use among young people with higher levels of anxiety, despair, and

loneliness. Inadequacy and FOMO (fear of missing out) can result from continual

exposure to expertly edited images and stories of their peers, which can worsen

negative emotions and poor mental health.

Social media can also lower teenagers' self-esteem by promoting unattainable

ideals of success and beauty. Adolescents who constantly contrast their lives with

those of others who appear to have the perfect life may feel insufficient and lose
 Electron College of Technical Education
108 Gen. T. De Leon Valenzuela City
confidence in their own skills and appearance. This may result in eating disorders,

low self-esteem, and body dissatisfaction.

Our goal in conducting this study is to investigate the negative effects of

excessive social media use, such as cyberbullying, addiction, privacy concerns, and

the potential impact on mental health. We also want to recognize and emphasize the

potential advantages of social media, such as information access, educational

resources, opportunities for positive activism, and networking.

Conceptual Framework

The figure shows the conceptual framework of the research as presented in

the paradigm of the study below.

Input

1. The profile of the

respondents in terms of
their: Process
1.1 Sex
1.2 Age Output
1.3 Grade
2. How does Youth deals Data gathering There is a significant
with massive influence of effect of social media
Social Media in terms of: through Survey
2.1 Personal questionnaire to the youth
Development development of
2.2 Schoolworks Electron College of
2.3 Living
What kind of Values can Statistical treatment Technical Education
teenagers acquire from students in terms of
accessing Internet
Analysis of gathered personal
Websites in terms of: development, school
a. Moral data
b. Principles works, and living
3. Is there a significant according to their
effect of Social Media on sex, ages, and grade
the General Assessment of
Development of the gathered data
Youth?

Figure 1. The Paradigm of the Study

The paradigm of this study consists of input, process and output. The input

consists of respondent’s profile including the sex, age and grade. It also includes
 Electron College of Technical Education
108 Gen. T. De Leon Valenzuela City
how does Youth deals with massive influence of Social Media in terms of, and what

kind of values can teenagers acquire from accessing Internet Websites in terms of,

and the significant effect of Social Media on the General Development of the Youth,

is also included.

The process consists of data gathering through survey questionnaire,

Statistical treatment, Analysis of gathered data, and Assessment of gathered data.

The output is consisted of a significant effect of social media to the youth

development of Electron College of Technical Education students in terms of

personal development, school works, and living according to their sex, ages, and

grade

Statement of the Problem

The study aims to investigate the impact of social media on the overall

development of youth in Electron College of Technical Education, focusing on

academic performance, mental health, interpersonal relationships, and self-esteem.

The research seeks to understand how the pervasive use of social media platforms

influences the cognitive, emotional, and social aspects of the students' development,

and to identify potential positive or negative outcomes that may arise from their

engagement with these digital platforms.

1. What is the profile of the respondent in terms of:

1.1 Sex:

1.2 Age:

1.3 Grade:
 Electron College of Technical Education
108 Gen. T. De Leon Valenzuela City
2. How does Youth deals with the massive influence of Social Media in terms of...

2.1 Personal Development

2.2 School works

2.3 Living

3. Is there a significant effect of Social Media on the General Development of the

Youth?

Hypothesis
There is a significant effect of social media to the youth development of

Electron College of Technical Education students in terms of personal development,

school works, and living according to their sex, ages, and grade.

Significant of the Study

Teenagers - this study may help the teenagers to be more aware on the impact of

social media on their lives.

Students - this study may help the students to be more careful of how they assess

Student workers - this study may help the student workers to value their time when

using social media.

Parents - this study may provide parents with insights into the potential influence of

social media on their children's lives, helping them guide and support their teenagers.

Educators - this study may offer educators a better understanding of how social

media affects students, allowing them to adapt teaching strategies and support

students in a digital age.

 Electron College of Technical Education
108 Gen. T. De Leon Valenzuela City

Definitions of Terms
Social Media: Digital platforms and websites, such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter,

and Snap-chat, where users can create, share, and interact with content and

connect with others.

Youth Development: The process of physical, emotional, cognitive, and social

growth and maturation experienced by young individuals as they transition from

childhood to adulthood.

Cognitive Development: The growth and maturation of intellectual and thinking

abilities, such as problem-solving, decision-making, and memory, during

adolescence.

Well being: The overall state of an individual's physical, mental, and emotional

health and happiness.

Mental Health: The psychological and emotional well-being of an individual,

encompassing aspects like emotional stability, stress management, and the absence

of mental disorders.

Fear of Missing Out (FOMO): An anxiety-driven feeling that arises when one

believes they are missing out on exciting or interesting events or experiences, often

exacerbated by social media.

Self-esteem: An individual's perception of their own worth and value, often

influenced by factors like self-image and confidence.

Cyberbullying: The use of digital technology, such as social media, to harass,

intimidate, or harm others, typically through messages, posts, or comments.

 Electron College of Technical Education
108 Gen. T. De Leon Valenzuela City
Addiction: A condition in which a person becomes dependent on a substance,

behavior, or activity, often leading to negative consequences in their life.

Scope and Delimitation

50 students from Electron College of Technical Education will be used as a

sample in conducting the survey.

This study limits its coverage on Youth ages 16-18 only. It's main purpose is to

identify the common struggles that Youth encounters from using social media and

how it can influence their day-to-day basis.

This study considers every aspect of teenagers' information that has an

impact on their personal development. Each of the respondents are given the same

questionnaires to answer. And this study focuses on the current year 2023.
 Electron College of Technical Education
108 Gen. T. De Leon Valenzuela City

CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

FOREIGN LITERATURE:

According to (Barry et al., 2017) Childhood and adolescence are crucial

development periods where their social and emotional health can be the most

impacted, which will carry on habits and behaviors into adulthood. Because this is

such an important period of time, the potential impacts that social media has on

children and adolescents should be studied and analyzed since they may be the

most susceptible to the negative consequences.

According to Fleck and Johnson-Migalski (2015), though social media, at first,

plays the role of a stress-coping strategy, when individuals continue to see stressful

conditions (probably experienced and shared by others in media), they begin to

develop stress through the passage of time.

Charoensukmongkol (2018) reckoned that the mental health and well-being of

the global population can be at a great risk through the uncontrolled massive use of

social media. These researchers also showed that social media sources can exert

negative affective impacts on teenagers, as they can induce more envy and social

comparison.

According to Iwamoto and Chun (2020), anxiety and depression are the

negative emotions that an individual may develop when some source of stress is

present. In other words, when social media sources become stress-inducing, there

are high chances that anxiety and depression also develop.

 Electron College of Technical Education
108 Gen. T. De Leon Valenzuela City

Tang et al. (2013) observed that the procedures of sharing information,

commenting, showing likes and dislikes, posting messages, and doing other

common activities on social media are correlated with higher stress.

As described by Iwamoto and Chun (2020), when students are affected by

social media posts, especially due to the increasing reliance on social media use in

life, they may be encouraged to begin comparing themselves to others or develop

great unrealistic expectations of themselves or others, which can have several

affective consequences.

(Azizi et al., 2019) Social networking sites and applications are widely used by

students. They spend a lot of their time on these sites as a part of their daily lives.

Studies revealed that among the various age groups of students, university students

are among the most using social networking.

(Greenhow and Robelia, 2009) Social networking sites play a very important

role in education. Indeed, students are afforded multiple opportunities to improve

learning and access the latest information by connecting with learning groups and

other educational systems

(Bekalu et al., 2019, Hettiarachchi, 2014) Since students tend to spend more

time on social media other than educational purposes; this tends to cause distraction

from the learning environment, affecting their academic progress.

(Abbott, 2017) This growing population of social media users is spending

more and more time on social network groupings, as facts and figures show that

individuals spend 2 h a day, on average, on a variety of social media applications,

 Electron College of Technical Education
108 Gen. T. De Leon Valenzuela City
exchanging pictures and messages, updating status, tweeting, favoring, and

commenting on many updated socially shared information.

FOREIGN STUDY:

Based on the study of University of Oxford, social media can help young

people to develop their social skills, learn new things, and stay connected with

friends and family. The study also found that social media can help young people to

develop their self-identity and to explore their values and beliefs.

Based on the study of University of Melbourne, social media can help young

people to develop their critical thinking skills and to become more engaged citizens.

The study also found that social media can help young people to develop a sense of

belonging and to connect with others who share their interests.

Based on the study of University of Toronto in Canada, social media use can

be addictive and can lead to problems such as sleep deprivation, poor academic

performance, and cyberbullying. The study also found that social media can expose

young people to harmful content, such as violence and pornography.

Based on the study of University of Cambridge in U.K, social media use can

lead to mental health problems such as depression and anxiety. The study also

found that social media can promote unrealistic body image expectations and can

lead to eating disorders.

Based on the study of University of Cambridge (2020), that social media use

was associated with both positive and negative outcomes for youth development. On

the positive side, social media use was associated with increased social

connectedness, greater access to information, and more opportunities for self-

expression.
 Electron College of Technical Education
108 Gen. T. De Leon Valenzuela City

Based on the study of Tokyo University (2019), that adolescents who used

social media more frequently were more likely to experience mental health problems,

such as depression and anxiety. The researchers also found that adolescents who

used social media more frequently were more likely to have lower self-esteem and to

engage in risky behaviors, such as substance abuse and self-harm.

Based on the study of India Institute of Technology Delhi (2021), that social

media can have both positive and negative impacts on the social relationships of

adolescents. On the positive side, social media can help adolescents to stay

connected with friends and family members who live far away. Social media can also

help adolescents to make new friends and to connect with others who share their

interests. On the negative side, social media can lead to cyberbullying and social

isolation. Social media can also promote unrealistic expectations about relationships

and body image.

Based on the study of Federal University of Minas Gerais (2022), that

adolescents who used social media more frequently were more likely to be civically

engaged. The researchers also found that adolescents who used social media more

frequently were more likely to be informed about current events and to participate in

political and social activities.

LOCAL LITERATURE:

According to Lourdes A. Fernandez (2022) that social media use was

associated with an increased risk of depression and anxiety among Filipino

adolescents. However, the study also found that social media use could be
 Electron College of Technical Education
108 Gen. T. De Leon Valenzuela City
protective against mental health problems if it was used to support positive social

interactions and activities.

According to Jonathan Y. Lim (2021), that social media use was associated

with an increased risk of cyberbullying among Filipino adolescents. The study also

found that cyberbullying was associated with a number of negative outcomes,

including depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation.

According to Ma. Rosario G. Araneta (2020), that social media use was

associated with body image concerns among Filipino adolescents. The study also

found that body image concerns were associated with a number of negative

outcomes, including eating disorders, depression, and anxiety.

According to Maria Theresa D. Reyes (2019), that social media use was

associated with a decrease in academic performance among Filipino students. The

study also found that this association was stronger for students who spent more time

on social media and for students who used social media for non-educational

purposes.

According to John Carlo G. Medina (2018), that social media use was

associated with an increase in political engagement among Filipino youth. The study

also found that this association was stronger for youth who used social media to

learn about current events and to connect with other politically engaged youth.

According to Socorro D. Gonzales (2017), that social media use was

associated with an increase in risk-taking behavior among Filipino adolescents. The

study also found that this association was stronger for adolescents who spent more

time on social media and for adolescents who used social media to share

inappropriate content.
 Electron College of Technical Education
108 Gen. T. De Leon Valenzuela City
According to Ma. Luisa M. Santos (2016), that social media use was

associated with a decrease in sleep quality among Filipino youth. The study also

found that this association was stronger for youth who spent more time on social

media and for youth who used social media before bed.

According to Ma. Luisa G. Hernandez (2015), that social media use was

associated with an increase in loneliness among Filipino adolescents. The study also

found that this association was stronger for adolescents who spent more time on

social media and for adolescents who used social media to compare themselves to

others.

According to Ma. Lourdes D. Cruz (2014), that social media use was

associated with a decrease in career aspirations among Filipino youth. The study

also found that this association was stronger for youth who spent more time on

social media and for youth who used social media to compare themselves to others.

According to Ma. Rosario T. Reyes (2013), that social media use was

associated with an increased risk of suicide ideation among Filipino adolescents.

The study also found that this association was stronger for adolescents who spent

more time on social media and for adolescents who used social media to compare

themselves to others.

LOCAL STUDY:

Based on the study of University of Santo Thomas (2022), social media use

can have both positive and negative effects on the mental health of Filipino youth.

On the one hand, social media can provide a platform for youth to connect with

friends and family, express themselves, and learn new things. On the other hand,
 Electron College of Technical Education
108 Gen. T. De Leon Valenzuela City
social media use can also lead to anxiety, depression, and other mental health

problems.

Based on the study of De La Salle University (2021), social media use can

also have both positive and negative effects on the academic performance of Filipino

college students. On the one hand, social media can be used to access educational

resources, collaborate with classmates, and stay organized. On the other hand,

social media use can also distract students from their studies and lead to lower

grades.

Based on the study of Ateneo De Manila University (2022), social media use

can have a negative impact on the body image of Filipino adolescents. Adolescents

who use social media more frequently are more likely to be dissatisfied with their

bodies and to compare themselves to others.

Based on the study of University of the Philippines (2019), social media use is

associated with an increased risk of cyberbullying among Filipino adolescents.

Cyberbullying can have a serious negative impact on the mental and emotional

health of victims.

Based on the study of San Beda University (2019), social media use can have

both positive and negative effects on the social skills development of Filipino

adolescents. On the one hand, social media can help adolescents to connect with

others and to develop their social networks. On the other hand, social media use can

also lead to social isolation and to a decrease in face-to-face interaction.

Based on the study of University of the Philippines Diliman (2017), social

media use can have a positive impact on the political participation of Filipino youth.
 Electron College of Technical Education
108 Gen. T. De Leon Valenzuela City
Social media platforms can be used to raise awareness of political issues, to

mobilize voters, and to hold politicians accountable

Based on the study of De La Salle University - Dasmariñas (2016), social

media use can also have a positive impact on the cultural identity of Filipino youth.

Social media can be used to learn about Filipino culture and traditions, to connect

with other Filipinos around the world, and to express Filipino pride.

Based on the study of Ateneo De Davao University (2015), social media use

can also have a positive impact on the religious beliefs of Filipino youth. Social

media can be used to learn about different religions, to connect with other religious

people, and to express religious beliefs.

Based on the study of University of San Carlos (2014), social media use can

also have a positive impact on the entrepreneurial attitudes of Filipino youth. Social

media can be used to learn about entrepreneurship, to connect with other

entrepreneurs, and to promote businesses.

Based on the study of University of the East (2013), social media use can also

have a positive impact on the career aspirations of Filipino youth. Social media can

be used to learn about different careers, to connect with people in different industries,

and to find job opportunities.

 Electron College of Technical Education
108 Gen. T. De Leon Valenzuela City
CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

This chapter covers the following topics: research design, research location,

and respondents of the study, instrumentation, data collection, sample and sampling

techniques, and statistical data treatment. This chapter covers where the study was

done, the systematic approach for data collection, and data analytic.

Research Design

The researchers employed a correlational research design to investigate the

impact of social media on youth development. This design aimed to explore the

relationships between social media use and various aspects of adolescent

development, including personal development, school works, living, moral, and

principles.

The study involved gathering, analyzing, and presenting data to understand

the dynamics between social media engagement and the developmental outcomes

in adolescents.

Research Locale

This research will be carried out at one (1) specific school in Valenzuela,

namely Electron College of Technical Education. The respondents in each chosen

school will be directed to fill out questionnaires produced by the researcher.

 Electron College of Technical Education
108 Gen. T. De Leon Valenzuela City

Figure 2.0 Location map of Electron College of Technical Education in Gen T.

De Leon

The researchers chose to conduct in Electron College of Technical Education

Gen t. De Leon because this is the only school that is close and has many students

Respondents of the Study

The respondents of the study are composed of twenty-five (25) grade 11

students and twenty-five (25) grade 12 students from Electron College of Technical

Education for a total of 50 respondents.

Sample and Sampling Techniques

Random sampling approaches were used by the researchers. The

researchers decided to conduct a survey in a few Valenzuela City barangays. The

researcher decided on 50 respondents in Electron College of Technical Education,

twenty-five (25) student respondents for grade 11 and another twenty-five (25)

student respondents for grade 12.

Sampling is the process of selecting a representative group (e.g., individuals

or organizations) of a larger population of interest. As a result of researching the

 Electron College of Technical Education
108 Gen. T. De Leon Valenzuela City
sample, the researchers can fairly generalize their findings back to the population

from which they had been drawn.

Random sampling, also known as simple random, probability, or chance

sampling, was used by the researchers. Random sampling is a type of probability

sampling technique in which all individuals in the population are given an equal

chance of becoming part of the sample.

Instrumentation
The researcher conducted a survey questionnaire that was answered by the

school students, in which the respondents evaluated the massive influence regarding

to the impact of social media to their development along Electron College of

Technical Education . The researchers used the Likert scale to determine the

massive influence regarding to the impact of social media to their development in

Electron College of Technical Education Gen T. De Leon Valenzuela City.

Likert Scale

Likert scales were also used in this research. The Likert scale is a psychometric

scale that is extensively used in questionnaire-based research, such as survey

questionnaires. The Likert scale is used to assess respondents' agreement based on

their expectations for social media usage. It was used to determine the impact or

significant influence on youth development.

Point Value Scale Range Interpretation

5 4.51 – 5.00 Strongly Agree
4 3.51 – 4.50 Agree
3 2.51 – 3.50 Undecided
2 1.51 – 2.50 Disagree
1 1.00 – 1.50 Strongly Disagree

Data Gathering Procedures

The researchers obtained authorization from the adviser to carry out the study

at the chosen school. The researcher also obtained a signed permit from the chosen
 Electron College of Technical Education
108 Gen. T. De Leon Valenzuela City
school to conduct the study in their proximity. After obtaining the necessary permits,

the researchers described the goal of the study to the chosen respondents and

ensured that each participant met their stated criteria.

The data was gathered by the researchers via a survey form that included

their age, gender, and grade level. The researcher made sufficient time, effort, and

collaboration in constructing their questionnaire in order to serve its target

respondents. The survey was designed utilizing appropriate questions adapted from

related research and individual questions generated by the research. Respondents

were given time to answer, after which the data was reviewed, counted, and

analyzed.

Statistical Treatment of Data

The gathered were analysis had treated using the following tool:

1. Percentage Frequency Distribution In statistics, a frequency distribution is a

table that displays the frequency of various outcomes in a sample. Each entry

in the table contains the frequency or count of the occurrences of values within

a particular group or interval, and in this way, the table summarizes

the distribution of values in the sample.

%=

Where:

%= percentage

N= # of observation

S= number of sample

2. Weighted Mean, mean in which each item being averaged is multiplied by a

number (weight) based on the item's relative importance. The result is summed
 Electron College of Technical Education
108 Gen. T. De Leon Valenzuela City
and the total is divided by the sum of the weights. Weighted averages are used

extensively in descriptive statistical analysis such as index numbers. Also called

weighted mean.

��
%= �
 Electron College of Technical Education
108 Gen. T. De Leon Valenzuela City
APPENDIX A
APPROVAL LETTER

18, January 2024

MR. MICHAEL B. LAUREL

Shs Vice Principal
Electron College Of Technical Education
City of Valenzuela

Mister:
Greetings in the name of our Lord, Jesus Christ!
We, the grade 12 students taking up General Academic Strand are currently
conducting research entitled “Scrolling Through Adolescence: The Impact of Social
Media on Youth Development”
In this connection, we are respectfully asking permission from your good office
to please allow us to conduct this study online by the use questionnaire which will
be given to our respective respondents.
This study is being conducted under the supervision of Ms. Revelyn A. Yambot.
She can be reached by phone at 09557845521 and email
@revelynadrianoyambot0617@[Link]
Thank you for your consideration regarding this matter.

Truly yours, Noted:

JHAY DREX S. LAMBOLOTO [Link] A. YAMBOT

Group Leader Adviser
 Electron College of Technical Education
108 Gen. T. De Leon Valenzuela City

Survey Questionnaire for Students Evaluation on

Impact of Social Media on Youth Development along
Electron College Gen. T De Leon

Dear Respondents:
We, the students from Electron College of Technical Education taking up General
Academic Strand, are conducting a survey evaluation about The Impact of Social
Media on Youth Development. Please take time to read and answer the
questionnaire below. Rest assured that your identity will be protected during this
study and your responses will be taken with utmost confidentiality.
Thank you for your time and participation.
Truly yours,
12 – GAS A

Part A
Directions: Please answer the following questions by writing your answer at the
blanks provided.
Your age is: ___
Your Gender is: Male___ Female___
Your Grade Level:___

Part B.
Directions: Below are statements regarding the massive influence of Social Media on
Youth Development. Please read each statement and answer if do you agree or not
for you the given practices stated in the table.

5 – Strongly Agree
4 – Agree
3 – Undecided
2 – Disagree
1 – Strongly Disagree
 Electron College of Technical Education
108 Gen. T. De Leon Valenzuela City

PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT 5 4 3 2 1

Social media positively influences youth personal

development.
Excessive use of social media can contribute to self-
esteem issues among the youth.
Social media enhances communication skills and
networking abilities in young individuals.
The constant exposure to idealized images on social
media negatively impacts body image and self-
perception among the youth.
Social media provides valuable educational
resources, contributing positively to the intellectual
development of young individuals.
SCHOOLWORKS

Social media usage has a positive impact on the

academic performance of students.
Excessive time spent on social media hinders
students' ability to focus on their schoolwork.
Social media platforms provide valuable educational
resources that complement traditional classroom
learning.
Students' engagement with social media positively
influences their collaboration and group work skills in
academic settings.
The pressure to maintain a certain online image can
negatively impact students' mental well-being and
their ability to cope with academic stress.
 Electron College of Technical Education
108 Gen. T. De Leon Valenzuela City

LIVING

Social media has a positive impact on the overall

lifestyle choices of young individuals.
Excessive use of social media leads to a decline in
face-to-face social interactions among the youth.
Social media platforms contribute to a sense of
community and belonging for young people.
The constant comparison with others on social
media negatively affects the satisfaction with one's
own living situation.
Social media promotes awareness and activism,
encouraging youth to engage in positive social
change in their communities.
MORAL

Social media can promote moral values by providing

a platform for teenagers to engage in conversations
about social justice and ethical issues.
Teenagers may develop moral values such as
empathy and compassion through exposure to
diverse perspectives and personal stories shared on
social media.
Social media interactions can contribute to the
development of honesty and authenticity as
teenagers navigate online communication and self-
expression.
Exposure to online bullying and negative behavior
on social media may hinder the development of
positive moral values among teenagers.
Social media can foster a sense of community and
solidarity, promoting moral values of support and
kindness among teenagers.
 Electron College of Technical Education
108 Gen. T. De Leon Valenzuela City

PRINCIPLES

Teenagers can develop principles of digital etiquette

and responsible online behavior through their
interactions on social media platforms.
Social media exposure can contribute to the
development of principles related to online privacy
and the importance of safeguarding personal
information.
Accessing social media may impact teenagers'
principles of time management and self-control as
they navigate the constant flow of information and
notifications.
Social media interactions can foster principles of
inclusivity and respect for diverse opinions and
backgrounds.
The influence of social media can sometimes
challenge traditional principles of face-to-face
communication and interpersonal skills.