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Metallic Bonding in Grade 9 Chemistry

The document provides an overview of metallic bonding, explaining how metal atoms lose valence electrons to create a lattice of positively charged ions surrounded by delocalised electrons. It highlights the properties of metals, including high melting and boiling points, electrical conductivity, and malleability, which are all linked to the strength of metallic bonds. Additionally, it mentions that mixing metals can modify their properties to create alloys.

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479 views2 pages

Metallic Bonding in Grade 9 Chemistry

The document provides an overview of metallic bonding, explaining how metal atoms lose valence electrons to create a lattice of positively charged ions surrounded by delocalised electrons. It highlights the properties of metals, including high melting and boiling points, electrical conductivity, and malleability, which are all linked to the strength of metallic bonds. Additionally, it mentions that mixing metals can modify their properties to create alloys.

Uploaded by

tallatjunaid1
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

The City School

Bahria Town Campus


Academic Session 2024-25
Grade 09
Chemistry Notes
Metallic bond

Metallic Bonding

 Metal atoms are held together strongly by metallic bonding


 Within the metal lattice, the atoms lose their valence electrons and become positively charged
 The valence electrons no longer belong to any metal atom and are said to be delocalised
 They move freely between the positive metal ions like a sea of electrons
 Metallic bonds are strong and are a result of the attraction between the positive metal ions and the
negatively charged delocalised electrons

Diagram showing metallic lattice structure with delocalised electrons

Exam Tip
The properties of metals can be modified, sometimes significantly, by mixing it with another metal or non-metal
to create and alloy
Explaining the Properties of Metals
The link between metallic bonding and the properties of metals

 Metals have high melting and boiling points


o There are many strong metallic bonds in giant metallic structures
o A lot of heat energy is needed to overcome forces and break these bonds

 Metals conduct electricity


o There are free electrons available to move and carry charge
o Electrons entering one end of the metal cause a delocalised electron to displace itself from the
other end
o Hence electrons can flow so electricity is conducted

 Metals are malleable and ductile


o Layers of positive ions can slide over one another and take up different positions
o Metallic bonding is not disrupted as the valence electrons do not belong to any particular metal
atom so the delocalised electrons will move with them
o Metallic bonds are thus not broken and as a result metals are strong but flexible
o They can be hammered and bent into different shapes without breaking

Summary Table of the Physical Properties of Metals

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