SECTION 29.

PHRASAL VERBS - CỤM ĐỘNG TỪ

 Cụm động từ là động từ được cấu tạo bởi một động từ (a verb) với một tiểu từ
(a particle) hay một giới từ (a preposition) hay cả hai (tiểu từ + giới từ): give up,
turn on, look after, get along with…
 Cụm động từ được chia ra làm hai loại:
1. Cụm động từ có thể phân cách (separable phrasal verbs) give up, turn on, try on,
put on,…
a. Túc từ là danh từ: có thể đứng trước hoặc sau tiểu từ.
 S – V + tiểu từ + túc từ
Ex: You should turn off the lights before leaving home.
Ex: He’s trying on a jacket.
 S – V + túc từ + tiểu từ
Ex: He’s trying a jacket on.
Ex: He gave smoking up
b. Túc từ là đại từ nhân xưng (personal pronoun) luôn luôn đứng giữa động từ và tiểu từ.
Ex: The light is on. Turn it off. Ex: Here’re the shoes. Try them on.
2. Động từ không thể phân cách (unseparable phrasal verbs): túc từ luôn luôn đứng sau giới
từ.
Ex: You should look after your old parents.
Ex: He looks forward to his brother’s letter
CÁC CỤM ĐỘNG TỪ THƯỜNG XUẤT HIỆN TRONG ĐỀ THI
Beak down: bị hư Make sth up: bịa đặt
Break in: đột nhập Make up one’s mind: quyết định
Break up with: chia tay Pick sb up: đón ai đó
Bring sth up: đề cập Put off: trì hoãn
Bring sb up: nuôi nấng (con cái) Look forward to: mong mỏi
Call for sth: cần cai đó Look into: nghiên cứu
Carry out: thực hiện (kế hoạch) Look up: tra (từ điển, danh bạ)
Catch up with: theo kịp Look up to: kính trọng, ngưỡng mộ
Check in: làm thủ tục vào khách sạn Put up with: chịu đựng
Check out: làm thủ tục ra khách sạn Run into: vô tình gặp
Come up against sth: đối mặt với ai Run out of: hết gì đó
Come up with: nghĩ ra Settle down: ổn định cuộc sống tại một chỗ
Count on: tin cậy, dựa vào nào đó
Cut down on sth: cắt giảm Show off: khoe khoang
Do away with: bỏ cái gì đó đi Show up: xuất hiện
Drop by: ghé qua Slow down: chậm lại
Drop sb off: thả ai xuống xe Speend up: tăng tốc
End up: có kết cục = wind up Stand for: viết tắt cho chữ gì đó
Figure out: suy ra Take off: cất cánh (máy bay), trở nên thịnh
Find out: tìm ra hành, được ưa chuộng (ý tưởng, sản phẩm)
Get along/on with: hợp nhau/hợp với ai đó Take up: bắt đầu làm một hoạt mới
 Get rid of sth: bỏ cái gì đó (thể thao, sở thích, môn học)
Give up: từ bỏ Talk sb into sth: dụ ai làm cái gì đó
Go off: reo, nổ (chuông, bom) Tell sb off: la rầy ai đó
Go on: tiếp tục Turn down: vặn nhỏ lại
Let sb down: làm ai đó thất vọng Turn off: tắt
Look after: chăm sóc Turn on: mở
Look at sth: nhìn cái gì đó Turn sb down: từ chối
Look down on: khinh thường Wear out: mòn, làm mòn
Look for: tìm kiếm Work out: tập thể dục, có kết quả tốt đẹp
Work sth out: suy ra được cái gì đó

 BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG

Exercise 1. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer.
1. He drives so quickly that I am afraid that one day he will_______ someone crossing the street.
a. crash down b. knock down c. turn over d. run across
2. Hello. Is that 956782? Please put me_______ the manager.
a. across b. up c. over d. through
3. The three friends all_______ for the same job.
a. requested b. intended c. applied d. referred
4. I don’t think he will ever get_______ the shock of his father's death.
a. over b. through c. by d. off
5. The company is aiming to push_______ its share of car sales to 25% over the next two years.
a. on b. up c. out d. though
6. The child hurt himself badly when he fell _______ the bedroom window.
a. out from b. out of c. down d. over
7. Don’t worry about trying to catch the last train home, as we can easily_______ you up for the night.
a. take b. set c. put d. keep
8. I am late because my alarm clock didn't _______ this morning.
a. come on b. ring out c. go off d. turn on
9. He's such a naughty child' it's amazing what his mother lets him_______ away with.
a. go b. make c. do d. get
10. The factory paid_______ nearly a million pounds to their employees injured in the explosion.
a. out b. in c. off d. back
11. My daughter often_______ to see me at lest once a week.
a. calls up b. drops in c. goes up d. comes on
12. I think he is unwell; he was complaining_______ a headache this morning.
a. of b. at c. from d. against
13. I saw a thief take Tom's wallet so I ran _______ him, but I couldn't catch him.
a. into b. over c. near d. after
14. If it's raining tomorrow, we shall have top put_______ the match till Sunday.
a. off b. away c. in d. on
15. There was a big hole is the rod which _______ the traffic.
 a. kept down b. held up c. stood back d. sent back
16. She applied for training as a pilot, but they turned her _______ because of her poor eyesight.
a. up b. back c. down d. over
17. These old houses are going to be _______ soon.
a. laid out b. run down c. knocked out d. pulled down
18. I can'_______ what he's doing, it’s so dark down there.
a. see through b. make out c. look into d. show up
19. Having looked the place _______, the gang went away to make their plans.
a. over b. through c. down d. out
20. Take the number 7 bus and get_______ at Forest Road.
a. up b. down c. off d. outside
21. If you want to join this club, you must_______ this application form.
a. make up b. write down c. do up d. fill in
22. The water company will have to _______ off water supplies while repairs to the pipes are carried
out.
a. take b. cut c. set d. break
23. Come_______, children! Get your coats on or you'll be late for school.
a. along b. to c. across d. over
24. She tried to prevent the dog_______ running into the road.
a. to b. for c. from d. against
25. The doctor told him to keep_______ sweets and chocolate to lose weight.
a. at b. up c. back d. off
26. Tom was slow to catch_______, but gradually he began to understand.
a. in b. on c. away d. out
27. I haven’t time to speak to him now, you'll have to put him_______
a. off b. back c. aside d. away
28. You know I'll always stand_______ you if you are in trouble.
a. for b. up c. by d. with
29. I disapprove_______ people smoking in public places.
a. on b. at c. with d. of
30. She found it is hard to _______ up to the fact that she would never be famous.
a. come b. face c. get d. keep
31. For the first few minutes she was leading the race, then she began to fall_______
a. out b. through c. back d. off
32. The job offer was too good for him to turn_______
a. down b. out c. off d. away
33. His son's death was a terrible shock and it took him a long time to _______ it.
a. get round b. come through c. go over d. get over
34. Please come_______ and see us some time-you're always welcome.
a. to b. round c. about d. away
35. She put _______ speaking to him as long as possible.
a. over b. away c. off d. back
36. He filled in the necessary forms and _______ for the job.
a. appealed b. asked c. requested d. applied
37. She went _______ a bad cold just before Christmas.
a. down with b. in for c. over d. through
38. They had never come_______ such a beautiful little village before.
a. at b. across c. off d. long
39. When the tenants failed to pay their bills, the authorities decided to cut_______ the gas supply
to the flats.
a. out b. down c. off d. across
40. The doctor advised me not to take_______ so much work in future.
a. to b. over c. after d. on
41. The police have warned tourists to look_______ for pickpockets in the town centre.
a. out b. up c. down d. forward
42. I wouldn't_______ of going to a party unless I hadn't been invited to.
a. intend b. dream c. rely d. depend
43. If you want to be healthy; you should cut_______ on your smoking.
a. up b. down c. out d. through
44. Their aim is to_______ up a new political party.
a. strike b. stand c. set d. show
45. He was busy when I phoned but I hung_______ until he was free.
a. back b. off c. to d. on
46. I'm not sure how old he is but he must be _______ for 70.
a. going by b. getting up c. getting on d. going off
47. I absolutely_______ with everything that has been said.
a. agree b. accept c. admit d. approve
48. The man who lives opposite us sometimes comes _______ for a cup for coffee.
a. on b. over c. off d. to
49. The butcher cut some steak, _______ it up and handed it to me.
a. closed b. wound c. strung d. wrapped
50. In order to _______ with his studies he worked though the summer.
a. take b. catch on c. catch up d. take up
51. A god friend will stand _______ you when you're having trouble.
a. by b. out c. against d. in
52. The meeting had to be put_______ until a later date.
a. away b. on c. off d. up
53. The teachers at the school went_______ with flu one after the other.
a. out b. down c. off d. under
54. The smell was so bad that it completely_______ us off our food.
a. set b. took c. got d. put
55. We expected him at eight but the finally_______ at midnight.
a. came to b. turned out c. turned in d. came off
56. The hall was very crowded with over fifty people_______ into it.
 a. pushed b. packed c. stuck d. stuffed
57. He took the trouble to write_______ the complete list for us.
a. on b. through c. off d. our
58. He had to go to the bank to_______ some money for his holiday.
a. pay up b. pay back c. draw out d. draw in
59. A new study group has been _______ by the United Nations
a. set up b. set on c. put up d. put on
60. David always_______ over to my house after he had done his homework.
a. passed b. gone c. went d. came
61. If you want to have a pet you must be ready to look _______ it for several years.
a. at b. for c. after d. over
62. I can put_______ with most things but I cannot stand noisy children
a. on b. up c. off d. aside
63. Don't _______ up yet, you will soon be able to play the trumpet well.
a. give b. catch c. break d. turn
64. Some drivers seem to expect everyone else to get_______ their way.
a. off b. after c. away from d. out of
65. My uncle took_______ golf when he retired from work.
a. on b. after c. up d. over
66. The deer_______ for the shelter of the forest when there are people about.
a. get b. make c. go d. take
67. I'll call_______ you at 6 o'clock.
a. for b. by c. up d. in
68. Everyone in the village_______ about the plans for the new road.
a. contacted b. took care c. concerned d. was concerned
69. Mrs. Brown always_______ out in a crowd because she wore large hats.
a. found b. looked c. stood d. showed
70. After his mother died, he was_______ up by his grandmother.
a. grown b. brought c. taken d. drawn
71. All the plans have been put_______ for the time being.
a. aside b. down c. on d. up
72. He said he would contribute money, but later he backed_______ of it.
a. down b. away c. off d. out
73. All their money is _______ up in the new house which they have bought.
a. connected b. limited c. tied d. trapped
74. The audience_______ out laughing when the singer fell over.
a. called b. burst c. shouted d. broke
75. The general was always _______ about his past campaigns.
a. boasting b. praising c. complimenting d. congratulating
76. If we want to_______ up with them we'd better hurry.
a. come b. arrive c. approach d. catch
77. Unfortunately the company will have to cut_______ on staff.
 a. away b. back c. off d. through
78. Their enthusiasm for the new plan has_______ out.
a. gone b. failed c. died d. disappeared
79. I don’t see what my business has to _______ with you.
a. do b. interest c. concern d. matter
80. The taxi_______ up by the kerb.
a. drew b. stopped c. came d. turned
81. The doctor says I'll take a long time to get _______ the shock.
a. past b. above c. through d. over
82. Once the fire _______ out we have to sit in the cold.
a. lit b. fell c. went d. came
83. Do you think it's possible to_______ on nothing but fruit and vegetables?
a. eat b. live c. enjoy d. make
84. The bus only stops here to _________ passengers.
a. alight b. get on c. get off d. pick up
85. The child was _________ by a lorry on the safety crossing in the main street.
a. knocked down b. knocked out c. run across d. run out
86. Hurry! It's time to _________ up and go to school.
a. stand b. get c. dress d. start
87. Mary is very _________ up and thinks she is superior to her classmates.
a. turned b. looked c. stuck d. fed
88. The frightened horse began to _________ away from the snake.
a. fear b. tip c. throw d. shy

89. All his plans for starting his business fell _________
a. in b. through c. down d. away
90. Tom and Ben have fallen _________ gain and do not speak to each other.
a. in b. back c. out d. through
91. The voters told john that he could _________ on their support in the election.
a. count b. doubt c. decide d. expect
92. The completion of the tunnel has been held _________ owing to s strike.
a. on b. off c. over d. up
93. Their teacher told them to _________ up their quarrel and be friends again.
a. stitch b. mend c. sew d. patch
94. He wanted to _________ off all his work before he came to the cinema with us.
a. finish b. stop c. end d. put
95. I remember Alice as a spotty girl but she's turned _________ a beautiful woman.
a. to b. in c. into d. on
96. Stephen always wanted to be an actor when he _________ up.
a. came b. grew c. brought d. settled
97. They've _________ a new tower where that old building used to be.
a. put up b. put down c. pushed up d. pushed down
98. It's high time Bill got a steady job and _________ He's almost thirty.
a. settled in b. settled down c. turned in d. turned down
99. The plane _________ down the minutes late because of bad weather.
a. put b. flew c. landed d. touche
100. He kept his marriage a secret for years, but eventually the truth _________.
a. went in b. went off c. came out d. came through
Exercise 2: Choose the best answer
1. I always run of money before the end of the month.
A. out B. back C. up D. down
2. I've just spent two weeks looking an aunt of mine who's been ill.
A. at B. for C. out for D. after
3. I've always got well with old people.
A. offB. on C. in D. through
4. It's very cold in here. Do you mind if I turn the heating?
A. down B. away C. off D. on
5. They've a new tower where that old building used to be.
A. put up B. put down C. pushed up D. pushed down
6. Stephen always wanted to be an actor when he up.
A. came B. grew C. brought D. settled
7. The bus only stops here to passengers.
A. put down B. get on C. get off D. pick up
8. If anything urgent comes , you can contact me at this number.
A. across B. by C. up D. Round
9. Your daughter's just started work, hasn't she? How’s she getting ?
A. by B. on C. out D. in
10. We had to turn their invitation to lunch as we had a previous appointment.
A. over B. out C. up D. down
11. He died heart disease.
A. from B. because C. of D. in
12. The elevator is not running today. It is order.
A. to B. out C. out of D. in
13. I explained him what it meant.
A. to B. about C. over D. from
14. Who will the children while you go out to work?
A. look for B. look up C. look after D. look at
15. If you want to join this club, you must this application form.
A. make up B. write down C. do up D. fill in
16. The water company will have to off water supplies while repairs to the pipes
are carried _________.
A. take/ in B. cut/ out C. set/ up D. break/ to
17. They were 30 minutes later because their car down.
A. got B. put C. cut D. broke
18. That problem is them. We can't make our mind yet.
A. out off/ on B. up to/ up C. away from/ for D. on for/ off
19. Do you want to stop in this town, or shall we ?
A. turn on B. turn off C. go on D. look after
Exercise 3: Choose the best answer.
1. Please the light, it's getting dark here.
A. turn on B. turn off C. turn over D. turn into
2. The nurse has to the patients at the midnight.
A. look after B. look up C. look at D. look for
3. There is an inflation. The prices .
A. are going on B. are going down C. are going over D. are going up
4. Remember to your shoes when you are in a Japanese house.
A. take care B. take on C. take over D. take off
5. You can the new words in the dictionary.
A. look for B. look after C. look up D. look at
6. It's cold outside. your coat.
A. Put on B. Put down C. Put off D. Put into
7. If you want to be healthy, you should your bad habits in your lifestyles.
A. give up B. call off C. break down D. get over
8. Why do they talking about money all the time?
A. keep on B. give up C. take after D. stop by
9. The government hopes to its plans for introducing cable TV.
A. turn out B. carry out C. carry on D. keep on
10. When the tenants failed to pay their bill, the authorities decided to the gas supply to the
flat.
A. cut down B. cut out C. cut off D. cut up
11. You go on ahead and then I'll catch you.
A. along with B. forward to C. up with D. on to
12. The national curriculum is made of the following subjects: English, Maths,
Chemistry and so on.
A. from B. on C. up D. in
13. Shy people often find it difficult to group discussions.
A. take place in B. take part in C. get on with D. get in touch with
Exercise 4. Choose the word/ phrase that has the CLOSEST meaning to the underlined
word/phrase.
14. Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today.
A. do B. let C. delay D. leave
15. My father still hasn't really recovered from the death of my mother.
A. looked after B. taken after C. gone off D. got over
16. The bomb exploded with a loud bang which could be heard all over the town.
A. went on B. went out C. went off D. went away
17. John, could you look after my handbag while I go out for a minute.
A. take part in B. take over C. take place D. take care of
18. My father gave up smoking two years ago.
A. liked B. continued C. stopped D. enjoyed
19. Both Ann and her sister look like her mother.
A. take after B. take place C. take away D. take on
20. I'll be back in a minute, Jane. I just want to try out my new tape recorder.
A. resemble B. test C. arrive D. buy
21. What may happen if John will not arrive in time?
A. go along B. count on C. keep away D. turn up
22. Johnny sometimes visits his grandparents in the countryside.
A. calls on B. keeps off C. takes in D. goes up
Exercise 5: Choose the best answer
1. "To give someone a ring" is to
A. call him up B. marry him C. admire him D. pick
him up
2. Because of heavy rain, the game was for a few days.
A. taken out B. put off C. set up D. gotten
away
3. I do not use those things any more. You can them away.
A. get B. fall C. throw D. make
4. At the station, we often see the sign " for pickpockets".
A. Watch on B. Watch out C. Watch up D. Watch
at
5. The passengers had to wait because the plane off one hour late.
A. took B. turned C. cut D. made
6. Please let me , I promise not to do it again.
A. off B. on C. up D. in
7. He promised to deliver the stuff today and has let us again.
A. up B. on C. off D. down
8. The traffic was held by fog.
A. up B. over C. back D. out
9. Keep children from the fire.
A. in with B. from C. away D. back
10. He promised to keep us while he was abroad.
A. in touch with B. up with C. in with D. away from
11. Our teacher told us that if we don't the environment, our grandchildren may not even be able to
carry on living.
A. look into B. look out for C. look after D. look for
12. I can't makewhat he means.
A. up B. for C. out D. after
13. We must make some stories to explain our absence.
A. out B. away C. off D. up
14. I ran George in the library.
A. out of B. over C. through D. into
15. He puts some money every week.
A. away B. up C. off D. out
16. Our dog has been run by a car.
A. over B. down C. into D. through
17. You may not like the noise, but you will have to put it.
A. up with B. aside C. by D. down
18. I promise to look the matter.
A. for B. after C. into D. up
19. Look ! It is falling.
A. over B. at C. for D. out
20. The two countries have broken diplomatic relations.
A. out B. up C. off D. into
21. We shall have to bring this matter at the next meeting.
A. round B. up C. off D. about
22. The new government has brought many changes.
A. about B. round C. up D. off
23. As I have just had a tooth , I am not allowed to eat or drink anything for
three hours.
A. taken out B. crossed out C. broken off D. tried on
24. The woman when the police told her that her son had died.
A. got over B. fell apart C. looked up D. broke down
25. Bob has a bad lung cancer and his doctor advised him to smoking.
A. turn up B. give up C. take up D. put up
26. Susan was alone in the house when the fire
A. broke out B. broke down C. broke up D. broke away.
27. No one knows where Sam is living now. The last time that I was about four years
ago.
A. ran into him B. ran him out C. ran him down D. ran after him
28. All his plans for starting his own business fell
A. in B. through C. down D. away
29. Whenever a problem , we try to discuss frankly and find
solutions as soon as possible.
A. comes in B. comes up C. comes off D. comes by
30. The computer isn't working - it broke this morning.
A. out B. into C. down D. over
31. I have been looking this book for months, and at last I have found it.
A. over B. up C. for D. at
32. Everyone knows about pollution problems, but not many people have any
solution.
A. come up with B. looked into C. thought over D. got round to
33. She is a friendly person. She gets all her neighbors.
A. up well with B. down well with C. on well with D. off with
34. Jack and Linda last week. They just weren't happy together.
A. ended up B. finished off C. broke into D. broke up
 SECTION 30. WORD FORMATION – TỪ LOẠI

 CƠ SỞ LÝ THUYẾT
1. Ví trí, chức năng và dấu hiệu nhận biết từ loại
DANH TỪ(NOUN)
Vị trí của danh từ trong câu.
1. Chủ ngữ của câu (đầu cầu, đầu mệnh đề) Maths is the subject I like best
[Link] tính từ (good, beautiful..), She is a good teacher.
Sau tính từ sở hữu (my, your, his, her,..). His father works in hospital.
Cụm danh từ: a/ an the + (adv) + adj + N.
3. Làm tân ngữ, sau động từ I like English.
We are students.
4. Sau "enough" (enough +N) He didn't have enough money to buy that
car.
5. Sau các mạo từ (a, an, the) She is a teacher.
Đại từ chỉ định (this, that, these, those); This book is an interesting book.
Lượng từ (each, no, any, a few, a little,..) I have a little money to go to the movie.
6. Sau giới từ: in, on, of, with, under, at... Thanh is good at literature.
Dấu hiệu nhận biết danh từ
-ion (distribution), -ment (development), -er (teacher) , -or (actor), -ant (accountant), -age
(marriage), -ship (friendship), -sm (enthusiasm), -ity (ability), -ness (happiness), -dom
(freedom), -ist (terrorist), -ian (physician), -hood (childhood), -ance (importance), -ence
(dependence), -ety (society), -ty (honesty)
TÍNH TỪ(ADJECTIVE)
Vị trí của tính từ trong câu
1. Trước danh từ: (a/an/the) + (adv) + adj + My Tam is a famous singer.
N
2. Sau động từ liên kết: be/ seem/ appear/ Tom seems tired now
feel/ taste/ look/ keep/get/ keep/ make (sb) + The homework keeps me busy all the
adj time
3. Sau "too": S+ be/ seem/look..+ too +adj.. Coffee seems too hot for me to drink.
4. Trước “enough": S + be + adj + enough.. She is tall enough to play volleyball.
5. Trong cấu trúc: so + adj + that The weather was so bad that we decided
to stay
at home
6. Dùng dưới các dạng so sánh Meat is more expensive than fish.
7. Dùng trong câu cảm thán: How intelligent she is!
How + adj +S+V! What a beautiful girl!
What + (a/an) + adj +N!
Dấu hiệu nhận biết tính từ
 -ful (helpful), -less (homeless), -ly (friendly), -al (national), -ble (acceptable), -ive
(active), -ous (famous), -ish (selfish), -y (foggy), -like (childlike), -ic (scientific), -ed
(bored), -ing (interesting), -ary (necessary), -ant (important), -ent (different)
TRẠNG TỪ
Vị trí của trạng từ trong câu
1. Trước động từ thường giữa trợ động từ They seldom get up early in the morning.
và động từ thường (đặc biệt là các trạng từ I have recently finished my homework.
chỉ tần suất: always, usually,...) I don't usually go to school late.
2. Trước tính từ: be/ feel/look.. + adv + adj She is very nice.
He looks extremely unwell.
3. Sau "too": V(thường) + too + adv ! The teacher speaks too quickly.
4. Trước "enough": V(thường) + adv + The teacher speaks slowly enough for us
enough to understand.
5. Trong cấu trúc : V(thường) + so + adv + Jack drove so fast that he caused an
that accident.
6. Đứng cuối câu (trạng từ thời gian) I finished my essay last week.
7. Thường đứng 1 mình ở đầu câu/ giữa câu Last summer I came back my home
và cách các thành phần khác của câu bằng dấu country.
“,” Its raining hard. Tom, however, goes to
school.
Dấu hiệu nhận biết trạng từ:
Adv = adj + ly (beautifully, usefully, carefully, strongly, badly)
Ngoại lệ: Một số từ có đuôi “ly” nhưng là tính từ: daily: hàng ngày, early: sớm; elderly:
già, lớn tuổi; friendly: thân thiện, likely: có khả năng sẽ xảy ra; costly = đắt đỏ; lively =
sinh động, lonely
lẻ loi, lovely = đáng yêu, manly = nam tính; silly = ngớ ngẩn; ugly = xấu xí; unlikely:
không có khả năng xảy ra; monthly: hàng tháng; weekly: hàng tuần, brotherly = như anh
em; comely = duyên dáng; goodly = có duyên; homely =giản dị, lowly = hèn mọn,
masterly = tài giỏi; scholarly uyên bác; shapely = dáng đẹp, timely = đúng lúc; unseemly
= không phù hợp.
ĐỘNG TỪ
Vị trí của trạng từ trong câu
1. Thường đứng sau chủ ngữ Lam Anh plays volleyball everyday.
2. Đứng sau trạng từ chỉ tần suất I usually get up late.
Dấu hiệu nhận biết động từ
-ate (compensate), -ain (maintain); -flect (reflect), -flict (inflict); -spect (respect), -scrib
(describe), -ceive (deceive), -fy (modify), -isel-ize (realize), -ude (include), -ide (devide),
dus (evade), -tend (extend),...
 BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG
Exercise 1. Give the correct form of the words in brackets:
1. The __________________________University of Ho Chi Minh City has a very large language
centre. (nation)
2. I think the prices here are ________________________ (reason)
3. This company offered a lot of __________________________ jobs. (attract)
4. The ______________ work in Con Moong Cave area has been carried out for several years.
5. These chemicals are _________________.They can cause death or illness if taken into the
body. (poison)
6. If you are ______________when you write your composition, you will probably get a good
grade. (care)
7. There have been many _________________________ developments in this century. (wonder)
8. English has become an _________________________ means of communication. (effect)
9. “Time” is an American _______________________ news magazine. (week)
10. Don’t be afraid of the dog. He’s _______________________. (harm)
Exercise 2. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer
to each of the following questions.
1. The water is _____. You can't drink it.
A. polluted B. pollution C. polluting D. pollutant
2. I am very _______ in the news.
A. interested B. interesting C. interest D. interests
3. Many spacemen could never get back to the Earth because of ____ accidents.
A. tragedy B. tragic C. tragically D. tragedies
4. They have no _____ for help.
A. expectation B. expect C. expectative D. expectancy
5. Boys and girls may behave _____ in this situation.
A. difference B. differing C. different D. differently
6. All of us were _____ that he was successful in the final exam.
A. surprising B. surprisingly C. surprise D. surprised
7. One recent ________ in medicine is the development of laser in treating cancer.
A. achievements B. achievement C. achiever D. achieved
8. You have to be aware of the damage humans are doing to quicken the ________ of
wildlife.
A. extinct B. extinctive C. extinctions D. extinction
9. He was finally _________ in his final attempt.
A. successful B. successive C. unsuccessful D. success
10. They did everything possible to _______ the police force.
A. strengthen B. strengthening C. strength D. stronger
11. I spent a(n)________ night because of my toothache. I’m very tired now.
A. sleepy B. sleeping C. sleepless D. asleep
12. His low scores in the mock tests ______ him quite a lot.
A. courageous B. encouraging C. discouraged D. encouragement
13. The waste from the chemical factory is extremely ________.
A. harmed B. unharmed C. harmful D. harmless
14. The restaurant is now under new ________.
A. manager B. manageable C. management D. manager
15. The problem of ________ among young people is hard to solve.
A. employment B. employers C. employees D. unemployment
16. The _________ of old buildings should be taken into consideration.
A. preserve B. preservation C. preservative D. preserves
17. He became one of the most ________ actors in Vietnam.
A. success B. successful C. successfully D. successive
18. Smoke from cigarettes can even do harm to _________.
A. smoking B. smokers C. nonsmokers D. smoky
19. You should eat more. You’re a bit _________.
A. underweight B. overweight C. weightless D. weighty
20. You should _________ yourselves with some grammatical terms.
A. familiar B. familiarity C. unfamiliar D. familiarize
21. Although some societies are __undeveloped, their languages, from a linguist’s
point of view, are very complex.
A. technology B. technologically C. technological D. technologist
22. The ________ was a success; the patient will fully recover in a month’s time.
A. operate B. operation C. operator D. operating
23. I like my work because I have the ________ to make my own decision.
A. freed B. freedom C. freely D. free
24. That teacher is a(n) _______ one. His pupils like his sense of humor.
A. amusing B. amused C. amusement D. self-amused
25. The road has just been ______ for better flows of traffic.
A. width B. wide C. widely D. widened
26. She wants to look ______ in her wedding reception.
A. natural B. naturally C. nature D. natured
27. Scientific progress supplies us with ______ such as washing machines, tractors,….
A. convenient B. conveniences C. inconvenience D. inconveniences
28. He was _________ in his final attempt. What a pity for him!
A. successful B. successive C. unsuccessful D. success
29. You have to wear special clothes to work in the lab for the ________ of yourself.
A. protective B. protector C. protection D. protectiveness
30. There are many interesting _________ events included in this book.
A. historical B. historically C. historian D. history
31. The ________ will judge you on your quality and performance.
A. examining B. examinees C. examiners D. examination
32. Some animals are now ____________. We need to find ways to protect them.
A. dangerous B. dangerously C. in danger D. danger
33. People who are out of work are ____________.
A. unemployed B. unemployment C. employed D. employee
34. The old man has saved a lot of money for his _____________.
A. retire B. retiring C. retirement D. retired
35. We had a _________ discussion about football.
A. bore B. boring C. bored D. boredom
36. She gave a long ___________ about unemployment in Vietnam.
 A. lecturer B. lecturing C. lectured D. lecture
37. Money doesn't always bring ____________.
A. happy B. happily C. happiest D. happiness
38. His _________ makes his parents happy.
A. success B. successful C. succeed D. succeeded
39. Mary and her younger sister have many __________.
A. different B. difference C. differ D. differences.
40. The weather this month______ him because it has been raining most of the time.
A. disappoints B. disappointing C. disappointed D. disappointment
41. This job is______ and a lot of young people like it.
A. attraction B. attracted C. attract D. attractive
42. This shirt is good and its price is______
A. reason B. reasonable C. reasonably D. reasoning
43. Bill is a good driver. He usually drives______
A. carefully B. carelessly C. careful D. careless
44. She is a very famous stamp________ in England.
A. collection B. collective C. collector D. collect
45. Now we are still looking for the ________ to the problem of traffic accidents.
A. solve B. solver C. solution D. solvable

Exercise 3: Mark the letter A, B, c or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer
to each of the following questions
1. Faraday made many in the field of physics and chemistry.
A. discover B. discoveries C. discovered D. discovering
2. Faraday was an in Davy's laboratory.
A. assistance B. assist C. assistant D. assisted
3. The generator is one of Faraday's most important .
A. achievements B. achievement C. achieve D. achieving
4. His of the generator is very famous.
A. invent B. inventive C. invention D. inventor
5. We will our English vocabulary if we read English books every day.
A. rich B. richness C. enrich D. richly
6. You study very well. It's that you will fail the exam.
A. possible B. impossible C. possibility D. impossibility
7. Lan always shares her with me.
A. sadness B. sad C. sadly D. unsad
8. These children have the to imitate animals' voice.
A. able B. ability C. disable D. disability
9. Money doesn't bring to man.
A. happy B. happiness C. happily D. unhappy
10. Good students aren't intelligent students.
 A. necessary B. necessity C. necessarily D. unnecessary
Exercise 3: Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to
each of the following questions
1. I don't believe what he has just said. It is
A. reason B. unreasonable C. reasonably D. reasoning
2. The teacher does everything in order to her students.
A. courage B. encourage C. encouragement D. encouraged
3. What is his ? Is he American or English?
A. national B. nationality C. nationalize D. international
4. You should spend your free time .
A. useful B. useless C. usefully D. uselessly
5. Please decide what you want to do. You must make a
A. decide B. decision C. decisive D. decisively
6. He is interested in the of old buildings.
A. preserve B. preservation C. preservative D. preserved
7. He has very high of his only son.
A. expect B. expectation C. expected D. expectedly
8. All of us need the of fresh air.
A. provide B. provided C. provision D. provisions
9. Farmers need to crops.
A. rotation B. rotate C. rotational D. rotationally
10. We are discussing about a problem of great
A. important B. importance C. importantly D. import
Exercise 4: Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the following questions.
1. He doesn't have a job. He is
A. employed B. unemployed C. employer D. employee
2. The cost of must be paid by the buyer.
A. carry B. carriage C. carrying D. carried
3. We have to the natural resources of our country.
A. conservation B. conserve C. conserved D. conservational
4. The industrial will lead to the country's prosperity.
A. develop B. development C. developing D. developed
5. Forests must be managed
A. careless B. careful C. carefully D. care
6. Herfrom school without any excuse made the teacher angry.
A. absent B. absence C. absently D. absences
7. The little boy felt very because his parents did not let him go with them.
A. disappoint B. disappointment C. disappointed D. disappointing
8. Your new dress makes you more
A. beauty B. beautiful C. beautify D. beautifully
9. There are a lot of differences in England.
A. region B. regional C. regionally D. regions
10. The surgeons tried their best to save his life, but unfortunately the operation was
A. success B. successful C. unsuccessful D. sucsessfully
Exercise 5: Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer
to each of the following questions
1. During his the family lived in Cornwall.
A. child B. childlike C. childish D. childhood
2. How many were there in all?
A. compete B. competitions C. competitive D. competitors
3. We won't buy the car until the arises.
A. necessary B. necessity C. necessarily D. unnecessary
4. waste is one of the causes of air pollution.
A. Industrious B. Industrial C. industry D.
industrialization
5. Mount Vesurius is an volcano.
A. act B. active C. action D. activity
6. He is confident enough to express his opinion
A. comfortable B. comfort C. comfortably D. uncomfortable
7. She is so busy with activities that she has no time for entertainment.
A. society B. social C. sociable D. socialization
8. One day, young Faraday attended a lecture given by a scientist, Sir Humphry Davy.
A. famous B. fame C. famously D. infamous
9. He has been very interested in doing research on since he was at high school.
A. Biology B. biological C. biologist D. biologically
10. You are old enough to take for what you have done.
A. responsible B. responsibility C. responsibly D. irresponsible
Exercise 6: Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to
each of the following questions
1. These quick and easy can be effective in the short term, but they have a cost.
A. solve B. solvable C. solutions D. Solvability
2. He was looking at his parents , waiting for recommendations.
A. obey B. obedience C. obedient D. obediently
3. The interviews with parents showed that the vast majority were of teachers.
A. support B. supportive C. supporter D. supporting
4. It isof you to leave the medicine where the children could reach it.
A. care B. caring C. careless D. careful
 5. For reasons, passengers are requested not to leave any luggage unattended.
A. secure B. securely C. security D. securing
6. The leader of the explorers had the great in his native guide.
A. confident B. confidence C. confidential D. confidentially
7. We are impressed by his to help us with the hard mission.
A. will B. willing C. willingness D. willingly
8. Although they are twins, they have almost the same appearance but they are seldom in .
A. agree B. agreeable C. agreement D. agreeably
9. The more and positive you look, the better you will feel.
A. confide B. confident C. confidently D. confidence
10. It is reported that humans are the main reason for most species' declines and habitat
and degradation are the leading threats.
A. destroy B. destructive C. destructor D. destruction
Exercise 7: Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to
each of the following questions
1. Many Vietnamese people their lives for the revolutionary cause of the nation.
A. sacrifice B. sacrificed C. sacrificial D. sacrificially
2. They had a candlelit dinner last night and she accepted his proposal of marriage.
A. romance B. romantic C. romantically D. romanticize
3. Are there any between Vietnamese and American culture?
A. differences B. different C. differently D. differential
4. Some people are concerned with physical when choosing a wife or husband.
A. attractive B. attraction C. attractiveness D. attractively
5. What could be more than a wedding on a tropical island?
A. romance B. romantic C. romanticize D. romanticism
6. In my hometown, many people still believe in marriage.
A. contract B. contractual C. contracts D. contracting
7. Though their performance was not perfect yet, the students held the audience's until
the end.
A. attentive B. attention C. attentively D. attentional
8. The survey will cover various ways of the different attitudes toward love and
marriage of today's youth.
A. determination B. determine C. determined D. determining
9. Both Asian and Western students seem about how to answer the questionnaire of the
survey.
A. confusedly B. confused C. confusing D. confusion
10. She was unaware of the embarrassing situation due to her different cultural
background.
A. complete B. completed C. completing D. completely
Exercise 8: Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to
each of the following questions
1. What is more important to you, intelligence or ?
A. attraction B. attractiveness C. attractive D. attract
2. They started, as gatherings but they have become increasingly formalized in the last
few years.
A. informal B. informally C. informalize D. informality
3. Children who are isolated and lonely seem to have poor language and
A. communicate B. communication C. communicative D. communicator
4. There is a wide range of in the education system of the USA.
A. select B. selective C. selected D. selection
5. As an , Mr. Pike is very worried about the increasing of juvenile delinquency.
A. educate B. education C. educator D. educative
6. He did not do well at school and left with few qualifications.
A. academic B. academy C. academician D. academically
7. The Minister of the Education and Training Department appeared on TV last night to his new
policy.
A. public B. publicly C. publicize D. publicizing
8. He owed his success not to privilege but to self-education and a driving desire for .
A. achieve B. achiever C. achievement D. achievable
9. To Vietnamese students, the examination to university is very difficult.
A. require B. requirement C. requisite D. required
10. Despite many recent advances, there are parts where schools are not equipped
with computers.
A. technology B. technological C. technologically D. technologist
 SECTION 31. TÌM LỖI SAI

BÍ KÍP LÀM BÀI TẬP TÌM LỖI SAI

o Luôn ghi nhớ rằng những từ không được gạch chân trong câu là đúng.
o Kiểm tra mỗi phần được gạch chân xem nó có thực sự sai không.
o Tập làm quen với các cụm động từ và các cụm từ cố định.
o Xem xét thì, cấu trúc, dạng từ, giới từ, sự hòa hợp giữa chủ-vị trong câu,...
phân tích câu để thấy được các mốc thời gian và địa điểm.
MỘT SỐ LỖI SAI THƯỜNG GẶP
1. Sai về thì của động từ
Ví dụ: Xác định lỗi sai trong câu sau
We only get home from France yesterday.
A B C D
→ Do có trạng từ yesterday (ngày hôm qua) nên động từ phải chia ở thì
Quá khứ đơn - lỗi sai cần tìm là B.
2. Sai về sự hòa hợp giữa chủ ngữ và động từ
Ví dụ: Xác định lỗi sai trong câu sau
I like students who learns hard.
A B
→ Who ở đây là thay cho students, do đó, động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ
phải phù hợp với chủ ngữ, tức ở dạng số nhiều. → Lỗi sai cần tìm là C. (sửa
thành: learn)
3. Đại từ quan hệ
Ví dụ: Xác định lỗi sai trong câu sau
We gave orders to the director whose passed us on to the foreman.
A B C D
→ Whose là đại từ quan hệ đóng vai trò là tính từ sở hữu. Trong trường hợp
này ta dùng một đại từ bổ nghĩa cho danh từ director. Do đó, lỗi sai cần tìm là
C (đúng là: who)
4. Sai về bổ ngữ
Ví dụ: Xác định lỗi sai trong câu sau
I want to travel because I enjoy to see new places.
A B
→ Ta có cấu trúc: enjoy + V-ing nên lỗi sai cần tìm là C. (sửa thành: seeing)
5. Sai về câu điều kiện
Ví dụ: Xác định lỗi sai trong câu sau
What would you do if you are me?
A B C D
→ Đây là câu điều kiện không có thực ở hiện tại nên động từ ở mệnh đề if
chia ở quá khứ. Do đó, lỗi sai là C (sửa thành: were)
6. Sai về giới từ
Ví dụ: Xác định lỗi sai trong câu sau
We’re relying with you to find a solution to this problem.
 A B C D
→ To rely on sb: tin cậy, trông đợi vào ai. Do đó, lỗi sai là B (sửa thành: on)
7. Sai hình thức so sánh
Ví dụ: Xác định lỗi sai trong câu sau
The North of England is as industrial than the South.
A B C D
→ Đây là câu so sánh hơn vì có “than”. Do đó, lỗi sai là C (sửa thành: more industrial)
8. Sai về định lượng từ
Ví dụ: Xác định lỗi sai trong câu sau
I don’t want to invite too much people to my wedding party next month.
A B C D
→ “Much” chỉ dùng cho danh từ không đếm được. Do đó, lỗi sai là B (sửa thành: many).

 BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG

Exercise 1.
1. The study of animals are very interesting.
A B C D
2. It’s importance for us to learn soft skills.
A B C D
3. We had the dinner with our partner in a restaurant last night.
A B C D
4. She is tired with doing the same thing day by day.
A B C D
5. Of the two sisters, Linda is the most beautiful.
A B C D
6. Every member in my class are good at English.
A B C D
7. Tom likes sports, so he will taking part in the football team of his school.
A B C D
8. People respected him because he was a honest man.
A B C D
9. While you had been out, Tom came here and waited for you.
A B C D
10. His health gets good and better because he does gymnastics regularly.
A B C D

11. Before to go out, remember to turn off the lights.

A B C D
12. We were advised not drinking the water in this bottle.
A B C D
13. Nguyen Du, that wrote “Kieu Story”, was a great poet.
A B C D
14. Do you like the building that windows are green?
A B C D
 15. Several people arrived too lately to seethe performance.
A B C D
16. He studied very hard, so he passed the exam easy.
A B C D
17. I can’t go out now because I didn’t finish my homework yet.
A B C D
18. I look forward to see you on Tuesday after work.
A B C D
19. The boys who won the first prize in the contest was very happy.
A B C D
29. Her last book is published in 20 languages years ago.
A B C D
Exercise 2. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs
correction in each of the following questions.
1. When her doll was lost, she cried very hardly for half an hour.
A. When B. was lost C. hardly D. an hour
2. You mustn’t do any cooking as I’ve already prepared something.
A. mustn’t B. any C. I’ve D. something
3. My sister has so many homeworks to do that she has no time to go out.
A. has B. many homeworks C. that D. no time
4. Despite the sun was shining, it wasn’t warm enough for our children to go swimming.
A. Despite B. shining C. warm enough D. swimming
5. They were all looking forward to spend their holiday at the seaside the next summer.
A. They were all B. to spend
C. at D. the next summer
6. They appreciate these engineers which contribution is very important in the project.
A. appreciate B. which C. contribution D. important in
7. What a pity! I don’t have money enough to buy this expensive book.
A. What a pity! B. don’t
C. money enough D. expensive book
8. If man continued destroying rainforests, his life will be affected.
A. continued B. his C. will D. affected
9. James Watt, his invention of steam engine is famous throughout the world, is a Scottish scientist.
A. his B. of C. throughout D. is a
10. The children are boring with watching the same programme every day.
A. The B. boring C. watching D. same
11. My brother says that he only enjoys to watch the whole city from the hill top nearby.
A. says B. only C. to watch D. nearby
12. This is the picture of my home village where my school is situated there.
A. This is B. of my C. is D. there
13. When a boy, Faraday didn’t have many schooling and had to work very hard.
A. a boy B. many C. had to D. very hard
14. If people can find out a remedy for Covid-19, we would save a lot of people.
A. can B. out C. for D. a lot of
15. According to some scientists, there are evidence that there is water on Mars.
A. to B. there are C. there is D. on Mars
16. The festival was marked by cultural programmes promoted mutual understanding.
A. The B. was marked C. cultural
17. Bacteria lived in the soil play a vital role in recycling the carbon and nitrogen needed by plants.
A. lived B. vital role C. in recycling D. needed
18. Since it lives in the desert, the collared lizard depends from insects for water as well as for food.
A. Since B. lives C. depends from D. as well as
19. It is estimated that the world’s rainforests are being cut down at the rate on 3,000 acres per hour.
A. estimated B. are being C. on D. per hour
20. Minh is studying higher mathematics in order attending an international mathematics contest.
A. is studying B. mathematics C. attending D. international
Exercise 3. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs
correction in each of the following questions.
1. Nam asked Mai what can he do to help her.
A B C D
2. Your friends went to your native village last weekend, weren't they?
A B C D
3. I'd like to go out for dinner, but I don't feel like to eat out tonight.
A B C D
4. Summer in England is the better season of all.
A B C D
5. If we would have a large garden, we would plant a lot of flowers in it.
A B C D
6. I have so much money that I don't know what do with it.
A B C D
7. In spite the danger, they managed to cross the river during the night.
A B C D
8. Don't speak English with him, he hardly not know any English.
A B C D
9. This is the best place which I can think of for our holiday.
A B C D
10. Because of An's English was poor, she couldn't pass the final exam.
A B C D
11. Jom asked me did I liked his new motorbike.
A B C D
12. He has learned a lot in the last couple of years, didn't he?
A B C D
13. Learn English is necessary for my job.
A B C D
14. Kangaroos, that can be seen every where in Australia, have long tails.
A B C D
15. Please don't make so much noise. I study.
A B C D
16. 90 percent of earthquakes occur around the Pacific Rim.
A B C D
17. We usually go to our home village at least once aweek on summer.
A B C D
18. Mr Van wishes that he has a radio to listen to the news.
B C D
19. My mom never lets me to go out at night.
A B C D
20. The teacher which taught us English last year is Mr Smith.
A B C D
21. Nam suggested practice English in class as much as possible.
A B C D
22. Children are very exciting about the trip to Ha Long Bay.
A B C D
23. I look forward to hear from my mother in Singapore.
A B C D
24. They gave us a lot of information, most of that was useless.
A B C D
25. Either my mother nor my father wants me to be an engineer.
A B C D
26. Because my illness, I couldn't work for six months, so I lost my job.
A B C D
27. In some parts of the region, there is a little vegetation.
A B C D B
28. The number of young criminals are on the increase.
A B C D
29. Look! The new lorry enters the factory to carry the cargo.
A B C D
30. The windows look dirty. They need to be cleaning.
A B C D
31. The driver of the car was serious injured.
A B C D
32. Both teenagers and adults feels like helping poor people, don't they?
A B C D
33. They are going to have to leave soon and so do we.
A B C D
34. You're tired although you stayed up too late to watch TV last night.
A B C D

35. The car stopped for the children whom were waiting to cross the road.
A B C D
36. Let's have a picnic on the beach, shan't we?
A B C D
37. The reason which I haven't to Hawaii is that I can't afford it.
A B C D
38. They are having their house being painted by a construction company.
A B C D
39. The more you practice, the fluently you can speak.
A B C D
40. Please give me a few milk and some biscuits if you have any left.
A B C D
41. We admire Peter for his intelligence, cheerful disposition and he's honest.
A B C D
42. The spectacular Royal Palace of the Imperial City is one of Hue's main tourist attraction.
A B C D
43. Martin was chosen because she is a good manager who gets along for everyone.
A B C D
44. Now go to bed and close your eye! You will feel fine after a good night's sleep.
A B C D
45. I rarely eat ice-cream now, but I use to eat when I was a child.
A B C D

46. If I have been hungry, I would have eaten something.

A B C D
47. Minh is studying higher mathematics in order attending an international mathematics contest.
A B C D
48. My brother says that he only enjoys to watch the whole city from the hill top nearby.
A B C D
49. Since it lives in the desert, the collared lizard depends from insects for water as well as for
food.
A B C D
50. Although the sun was shining, it wasn't enough warm for our children to go swimming.
A B C D
 SECTION 32. TỪ ĐỒNG NGHĨA
I. Phương pháp làm bài
Bước 1: Đọc kỹ đề bài
 Đọc kỹ yêu cầu của đề bài để biết rằng đó là bài tìm từ đồng nghĩa (CLOSEST) hay trái nghĩa
(OPPOSITE). Sẽ thật là tiêc nêu chỉ vì hiêu nhâm đề nên chọn nhâm đáp án, mặc dù hiêu hêt
nghĩa của câu hỏi và các lựa chọn cho sẵn. Lẽ ra chọn từ đồng nghĩa nhưng lại khoanh từ trái
nghĩa, và ngược lại.
Bước 2: Tìm nghĩa của các từ
 Bình thường, bạn sẽ phải tìm nghĩa của bốn từ vựng (một từ/ cụm từ in đậm ở câu cho sẵn và
bốn từ/ cụm từ tương ứng với bốn lựa chọn).
 Thật tốt nếu bạn biết hết nghĩa của cả bốn tử này thì việc tìm ra đáp án đúng quá đễ dàng.
Nhưng nều không, thì bạn biết nghĩa của từ/ cụm từ nào, bạn hãy lọc ra trước. Lúc này, bạn
cần phải đoán nghĩa của các từ bạn không biết.
Trường hợp 1: Biết nghĩa của từ cho sẵn ở đề bài nhưng các từ cần chọn lại khó!
Phần này sẽ hơi khó vì nó là từ đơn, nhưng bạn vẫn có thể đoán nghĩa của các từ khó đó bằng cách
tìm xem nó thuộc từ loại nào và được tạo thành từ từ gốc nào. Đồng thời, dựa vào nghĩa của từ cho
sẵn trong câu để suy luận ra đáp án. Để tránh bị mất điểm ở dạng câu này, bạn nên cải thiện vốn từ
vựng của mình tốt hơn.
Trường hợp 2: Biết nghĩa của các lựa chọn, nhưng không biết nghĩa của từ cho sẵn ở đề bài. Để làm
được câu này, bạn sẽ dựa vào nghĩa của bốn lựa chọn và ngữ cảnh của câu để suy đoán nghĩa từ in
đậm. Thường thì trong bốn lựa chọn sẽ có 3 lựa chọn đồng nghĩa với từ cho sẵn nếu câu đó yêu cầu từ
trái nghĩa, và ngược lại sẽ có 3 lựa chọn trái nghĩa với từ cho sẵn nếu đề bài yêu cầu tìm từ đồng
nghĩa. Kết hợp ngữ cảnh của câu cho sẵn để tìm ra đáp án đúng.
BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG:
Exercise 1. Choose the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each
of the following sentences.
1. Nam is very smart. He always answers the teacher’s question well.
A. clever B. bad C. lazy D. hardworking
2. Hoa is a good friend. She always shares things with her classmate.
A. gives B. listens C. takes D. wants
3. He lives with his family in a villa in Dong Anh District.
A. big house B. small house C. old house D. new house
4. It is foolish of him to do out alone at midnight.
A. smart B. handsome C. crazy D. normal
5. Personality is more important than appearance.
A. Characteristic B. Appearance C. zodiac D. date of birth
6. I can trust my best friend in everything.
A. rely on B. talk to C. listen to D. smile at
7. The new theme park is dead boring. There aren’t many things to do there.
A. uninteresting B. exciting C. sad D. fantastic
8. I love walking down the narrow streets in the Old Quarters at the weekends.
A. broad B. huge C. wide D. thin
9. Forest is being cleared to make way for new fanning land.
A. Plant B. Animal C. River D. Wood
10. The cold weather has made it necessary to protect the crops.
A. popular B. essential C. incredible D. unbelievable
11. Santa Claus handed out presents to the children.
A. gifts B. decorations C. fireworks D. candies
12. They hang several of his paintings in the Museum of Modem Art.
A. come up B. look up C. take up D. put up
13. The content of the movie I watched last night is really thrilling.
A. topic B. theme C. script D. plot
14. Hello Fatty! is a cartoon series about a clever fox and his clumsy human friend.
A. smart B. skillful C. careful D. foxy
15. Playing sports regularly can bring many health benefits.
A. frequently B. rarely C. sometimes D. randomly
16. What happened at the football match yesterday?
A. played B. occurred C. mattered D. came
17. I love looking at tall buildings at night with their colourful lights.
A. sky trains B. skyscrapers C. skylines D. sky zones
18. Oxford University is the most ancient university in Britain.
A. biggest B. youngest C oldest D. most famous
19. Home appliances have changed very much during the past few years.
A. devices B. toys C. machine D. furniture
20. After a long working day, I want to stay in my comfy bed and watch my favourite channel.
A. warm B. comfortable C. large D. soft
21. The development of cities is becoming faster and faster and this causes wildlife animals’ homes disappear.
A. reason B. make C. do D. purpose
22. Everyone can save power by unplugging the home appliances when they’re not in use.
A. turn in B. switch on C. switch off D. turn on
23. I think robots now cannot do complicated things or communicate with people.
A. easy B. difficult C. simple D. uncomplicated
24. One of the best things about robots is their ability to do jobs that would be just dangerous for people.
A safe B. risky C. secure D. safety
25. Their funny stories make us laugh a lot.
A. amusing B. lovely C. cute D. reliable
26. We organize expensive furniture carefully.
A. act B. show C. watch D. arrange
27. Try' to be quick! We're late already.
A. slow B. fast C. long D. short
28. Our city was polluted with the exhaust fumes emitted from vehicles.
A. clean B. populated C. popular D. dirty
29. She has walked almost 1,000 steps today.
A. just B. over C. nearly D. fast
30. The Olympic Games are held every four years.
A. carried B. taken C. brought D. organized
31. I'm not comfortable to live in my new house in the city center. It's crowded with-people.
A. packed B. quite C. noisy D. many
32. When I came to Da Nang, I ate many local foods which are very delicious.
A. national B. regional C. international D. provincial
33. Hopefully the tree will produce some blossom next year.
A. trunk B. branch C. flower D. root
34. As soon as we can afford it, we'll move to the suburbs.
A. downtown B. countryside C. inner city D. outskirts
35. Hung can run very fast, so he was chosen to take part in the school running competition next
month.
A. rapid B. quick C. quickly D. soonly
36. I always want to come back to my cozy house whenever I have free time.
A. cool B. warm C. hot D. comfortable
37. Solving that math problem was a piece of cake to me. I just needed two minutes.
A. very hard B. very easy C. very delicious D. very cheap
38. Ngoc is very interested in watching cartoon on TV.
A. fond of B. fed up with C. tired of D. sick with
39. If you are going out tonight, you will have to count me out.
A. excluded me B. number me C. persuade me D. ask for my
permission
40. He comes from a very wealthy family, so he has a lot expensive cars.
A. rich B. traditional C. expensive D. Normal
Exercise 2. Tìm từ đồng nghĩa với từ in đậm trong các câu sau
1. He was asked to account for his presence at the scene of crime.
A. Complain B. exchange C. explain D. arrange
[Link] teacher gave some suggestions on what could come out for the examination.
A. effects B. symptoms C. hints D. demonstrations 3.
I'll take the new job whose salary is fantastic.
A. reasonable B. acceptable C. pretty high D. wonderful 4.
She
was like a cat on hot bricks before her big exam.
A. nervous B. comfortable C. depressed D. relax 5. H
e
avy rain makes driving on the road very difficult.
A. easy B. hard C. simple D. interesting
6. Few businesses are flourishing in the present economic climate.
A. growing well B. setting up C. closing down D. taking off
7. Around 150 B.C. the Greek astronomer Hipparchus developed a system to classify stars
according to brightness.
A. record B. shine C. categorize D. diversify
8. She is always diplomatic when she deals with angry students.
A. record B. shine C. categorize D. diversify
9. Roget's Thesaurus, a collection of English words and phrases, was originally arranged by the
ideas they express rather than by alphabetical order.
 A. restricted B. as well as C. unless D. instead of
10. As tourism is more developed, people worry about the damage to the flora and fauna of the
island.
A. fruits and vegetables C. plants and animals
B. flowers and trees D. mountains and forests
11. This tapestry has a very complicated pattern.
A. obsolete B. intricate C. ultimate D. appropriate
12. We decided to pay for the furniture on the installment plan.
A. monthly payment C. credit card
B. cash and carry D. piece by piece
13. When their rent increased from 200 to 400 a month, they protested against such a
tremendous increase.
A. light B. huge C. tiring D. difficult
14. If we had taken his sage advice, we wouldn't be in so much trouble now.
A. willing B. sturdy C. wise D. eager
15. He had never experienced such discourtesy towards the president as it occurred at the annual
meeting in May.
A. politeness B. rudeness C. encouragement D. measurement
16. He didn't bat an eye when he realized he failed the exam again.
A. didn't show surprise C. didn't care
B. didn't want to see D. wasn't happy
17. I think we have solved this problem once and for all.
A. forever B. for goods C. temporarily D. in the end
18. The film is not worth seeing. The plot is too dull.
A. simple B. complicated C. boring D. slow
19. If the headmaster were here, he would sign your papers immediately
A. right ahead B. currently C. formerly D. right away

20. Thirty minutes after the accident, the captain still refused to abandon the burning ship.
A. sail B. get on C. leave D. come to
21. It will be fine tomorrow. But if it should rain tomorrow, the match will be postponed.
A. taken off B. sold off C. put off D. turned off
23. Many scientists agree that global warming poses great threats to all species on Earth.
A. annoyance B. risks C. irritations D. fears
23. Those girls are totally unaware that they are being made use of by this organization.
A. taken for granted B. spoken ill of C. made fun of D. taken advantage of
24. In life, Ray always gives me a hand with repairing the broken things in my house.
A. assists me by C. pleases me by
B. asks me to help with D. serves me with
25. I just want to stay at home and watch TV and take it easy.
A. sleep B. sit down C. eat D. relax
26. The rains of 1993 causing the Missouri river to overflow resulted in one of the worst floods of
the 20th century.
 A. stopped B. lessened C. caused D. overcame
27. I'm becoming increasingly absent-minded. Last week, 1 locked myself out of my house
twice.
A. being considerate of things C. forgetful of one's past
B. remembering to do right things D. often forgetting things
28. For calculating a calendar, it is convenient to use the tropical solar year.
A. practical B. critical C. necessary D. appropriate
29. The 1923 earthquake in Japan killed about 200,000 people and left countless wounded
and homeless.
A. poor B. imprisoned C. suffered D. injured
30. The bomb exploded in the garage; fortunately no one hurt.
A. put on B. went off C. got out D. kept up
31. The organization was stablished in 1950 in the USA.
A. come around B. set up C. made out D. put on
32. Helen Keller, blind and deaf from an early age, developed her sense of smell so finely that she
could identify friends by their personal odors.
A. classify B. communicate with C. describe D. recognize
33. Be careful! The tree is going to fall.
A. Look out B. Look up C. Look on D. Look after
34. The repeated commercials on TV distract many viewers from watching their favourite films.
A. advertisements B. contests C. businesses D. economics
35. Becoming a super star performing on stage was my burning desire when I was a teenager.
A. well- known painter C. good writer
B. famous singer D. famous composer
 SECTION 32. TỪ ĐỒNG NGHĨA

Exercise 1. Choose the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in
each of the following sentences.
1. Doing morning exercises is an (a) exciting activity for students.
A. boring B. happy C. hard D. interesting
2. Our teacher remembers all of my classmates’ birthday.
A. gives B. forgets C. asks D. has
3. The room is very untidy, so I have to clean it up.
A. messy B. clean C. crazy D. interesting
4. In front of my school, there is a big park, so we can go for a walk after school.
A. In the middle of B. Behind C. Under D. Between
5. Nam is very independent. He lived by himself when he was 15 years old.
A. free B. reliable C. dependable D. dependent
6. Ha Anh always gets up early, so she is usually early for school.
A. late B. hard C. on time D. at work
7. I’ve just had a terrible thought. He may never come back from the battle field.
A. awful B. horrible C. fantastic D. dreadful
8. The law protects ancient monuments and old churches.
A. modern B. old C. traditional D. historic
9. Food in this country is getting very expensive.
A. fresh B. rare C. overpriced D. cheap
10. My computer is noticeably slower than before.
A. faster B. lower C. shorter D. higher
11. He took off my wet boots and made me sit by the fire.
A. went on B. moved on C. put on D. carried on
12. The hotel is in a quiet location near the sea.
A. silent B. peaceful C. tranquil D. busy
13. Thank God, you’re here is a very entertaining comedy programme based on an Australian
TV show.
A. interesting B. unhappy C. sad D. boring
14. Can you please turn up the volume? I can't hear anything.
A. turn on B. turn off C. turn down D. turn into
15. My brother wants to become a professional swimmer, so he practices swimming every day.
A. lazy B. poor C. bad D. amateurish
16. Linh often wastes money in buying clothes that she just wears a few times.
A. spends B. pays C. saves D. makes
17. Lan enjoys living in the countryside because it is very quiet.
A. silent B. noisy C. loud D. peaceful
18. Melbourne is quite a safe city to live in.
A. peaceful B. secure C. dirty D. dangerous
19. My friend is givens mart phone as a present on her 12th birthday
A. quick B. modern C. old D. stupid
20. Modern technology has now improved our life in all aspects.
 A. updated B. advanced C. outdated D. new
21. Tigers, polar bears and giant pandas are among endangered species and need to be protected.
A. saved B. conserved C. guarded D. destroyed
22. Our children and grandchildren might not have a green world to live in if we keep polluting
the environment.
A. fresh B. clean C. dirty D. friendly
23. Baymax is a doctor robot in the film "Big Hero 6" and he is very intelligent and friendly.
A. nice B. kind C. lovely D. unfriendly
24. New robots which are made recently are really intelligent and they can do many things to
help people.
A. smart B. wise C. stupid D. bright
25. He is so generous that he often pays for our drink.
A. mean B. kind C. nice D. reliable
26. We are always prepared to help the poor and the needy.
A. willing B. ready C. unwilling D. polite
27. Local people in this national have a lot of strange customs and traditions.
A. regional B. foreign C. provincial D. native
28. Natural disasters cause devastating damages to humans' life.
A. innate B. instinctive C. artificial D. sudden
29. Although I have walked all day, I still feel energetic.
A. strong B. exhausted C. healthy D. bored
30. Jim is an intelligent and artistic student.
A. stupid B. bad C. friendly D. careless
31. Minh bas passed the entrance examination to a very famous lower secondary school.
A. failed B. taken C. done D. sit
32. Did you forget to lock the door before going to school this morning?
A. learn B. fail C. remember D. miss
33. She had worked hard and was confident of success.
A. belief B. failure C. tradition D. result
34. I didn’t expect the children to jump for joy at their uncle’s return.
A. happiness B. delight C. bliss D. grief
35. My teacher is very generous to give us good marks.
A. unfriendly B. mean C. serious D. friendly
36. Minh Anh is a really hard-working student. She always finishes all of the homework before
class.
A. lazy B. easy C. shy D. difficult
37. Your mother will be very proud when she sees you here.
A. excited B. disappointed C. happy D. worried
38. I’m fed up with playing football now.
A. tired of B. excited about C. worried about D. good at
39. Although he had a lot of money, he was far from happy.
A. pleased B. unhappy C. relaxed D. hard-working
40. Although they are not forced to, American still volunteer when they have time.
A. compulsory B. optional C. busy D. free
Exercise 2. Choose the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in
each of the following sentences.
1. Because Jack defaulted on his loan, the bank took him to court.
A. failed to pay C. had a bad personality
B. paid in full D. was paid much money
2. The government is not prepared to tolerate this situation any longer.
A. look down on C. take away from
B. put up with D. give on to
3. I clearly remember talking to him in a chance meeting last summer.
A. unplanned B. deliberate C. accidental D. unintentional
4. I could see the finish line and thought I was home and dry.
A. hopeless B. hopeful C. successful D. unsuccessful
5. The International Organizations are going to be in a temporary way in the country.
A. soak B. permanent C. complicated D. guess
6. The US troops are using much more sophisticated weapons in the Far East.
A. expensive C. simple and easy to use
B. complicated D. difficult to operate
7. She had a cozy little apartment in Boston.
A. uncomfortable B. warm C. lazy D. dirty
8. Global warming is one of the major problem facing our planet.
A. common B. minor C. important D. serious
9. She was given a prize for her achievement in classical and traditional music.
A. success B. accomplishment C. failure D. feat
10. Fruit and vegetables grew in abundance on the island. The islanders even exported the
surplus.
A. large quantity C. excess
B. small quantity D. sufficiency
11. They need cut back on eating a lot of salt and sugary food. They're not good for their health
A. begin B. reduce C. increase D. carry out
12. Population growth rates vary among regions and even among countries within the same
region.
A. restrain B. unchange C. remain unstable D. fluctuate
13. I love going to this place as it has the most beautiful scenery in the city.
A. light B. huge C. dark D. unattractive
14. He decided not to buy the fake watch and wait until he had more money.
A. authentic B. forger C. faulty D. original
15. Her father likes the head cabbage rare.
A. over-boiled B. precious C. scarce D. scare
16. Certain courses are compulsory; others are optional.
A. voluntary B. free C. pressure D. mandatory
17. We ought to keep these proposals secret from the chairman for the time being.
A. lively B. frequented C. accessible D. revealed
18. I'm very much interested in learning more about ecotourism and its benefits.
A. disadvantages B. advantages C. dangers D. problem
19. There has been insufficient rainfall over the past two years, and farmers are having trouble.
A. adequate B. unsatisfactory C. abundant D. dominant
20. Now, when so many frogs were killed, there were more and more insects.
A. lesser and lesser C. lesser and fewer
B. fewer and fewer D. less and less
21. Certain courses are compulsory; others are optional.
A. voluntary B. free C. pressure D. mandatory
22. We offer a speedy and secure service of transferring money in less than 24 hours.
A. uninterested B. unsure C. slow D. open
23. The Red Cross is an international humanitarian agency dedicated to reducing the sufferings
of wounded soldiers, civilians and prisoners of war.
A. worry and sadness C. loss
B. pain and sorrow D. happiness
24. After five days on trial, the court found him innocent of the crime and he was released.
A. assists me by C. pleases me by
B. asks me to help with D. serves me with
25. Mr. Brown is a very generous old man. He has given most of his wealth to a charity
organization.
A. hospitable B. honest C. kind D. mean
26. In the first two decades of its existence, the cinema developed rapidly.
A. leisurely B. sluggishly C. weakly D. shortly
27. The earth is being threatened and the future looks bad.
A. done C. defended
B. made D. varied
28. Thousands are going starving because of the failure of this year's harvest.
A. hungry B. poor C. rich D. full
29. I'd like to pay some money into my bank account.
A. withdraw some money from C. give some money out
B. put some money into D. leave some money aside
30. His policies were beneficial to the economy as a whole.
A. harmless B. crude C. detrimental D. innocent
31. The doctor advised Peter to give up smoking.
A. stop B. continue C. finish D. consider
32. Advanced students need to be aware of the important of collocation.
A. of high level C. of low level
B. of great important D. of steady progress
33. Affluent families find it easier to support their children financially.
A. Wealthy B. Well-off C. Privileged D. Poor
34. A frightening number of illiterate students are graduating from college.
A. able to read and write C. inflexible
B. able to join intramural sport D. unable to pass an examination in reaing
and writing
35. There should be new measures to discourage car use in favor of public transport.
A. prevent B. encourage C. disapprove D. disconnect