Type M301, M302

System Analysis and

Measurement Centre
Volume 1

Service Manual

R8605C
 M301, M302
System Analysis and Measurement Centre
Service Manual

Volume 1

Note to Users
This Service Manual is constructed using a system of issue letters (alphas) immediately
following the reference number, eg. 5943A denotes A as being the first issue. This rule
applies both to the overall volume reference and to its individual chapters, but is applied
to each, separately, whenever important amendments are made. Therefore, the increment
issue letter of any given chapter may not match that of the main volume.
SERVICE MANUAL R8605A
M301, M302 Volume 1
Contents

SAFETY SECTION
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 2 APPLICATION
CHAPTER 3 DESCRIPTION
CHAPTER 4 TECHNICAL DATA
 SAFETY SECTION

This Safety Section should be read before commencing any work on the equipment.

Health and safety

The information in the Safety Section of the product documentation is intended to
ensure that products are properly installed and handled in order to maintain them
in a safe condition. It is assumed that everyone who will be associated with the
equipment will be familiar with the contents of the Safety Section.
Explanation of symbols and labels
The meaning of symbols and labels which may be used on the equipment or in the
product documentation, is given below.

Caution: refer to product documentation Caution: risk of electric shock

Protective/safety *earth terminal

Functional *earth terminal.

Note: this symbol may also be used for a protective/
safety earth terminal if that terminal is part of a
terminal block or sub-assembly eg. power supply.

*Note: The term earth used throughout the product documentation is the direct
equivalent of the North American term ground.

Installing, Commissioning and Servicing

Equipment connections
Personnel undertaking installation, commissioning or servicing work on this
equipment should be aware of the correct working procedures to ensure safety.
The product documentation should be consulted before installing, commissioning or
servicing the equipment.
Terminals exposed during installation, commissioning and maintenance may
present a hazardous voltage unless the equipment is electrically isolated.
If there is unlocked access to the rear of the equipment, care should be taken by all
personnel to avoid electric shock or energy hazards.
Voltage and current connections should be made using insulated crimp
terminations to ensure that terminal block insulation requirements are maintained
for safety. To ensure that wires are correctly terminated, the correct crimp terminal
and tool for the wire size should be used.
Before energising the equipment it must be earthed using the protective earth
terminal, or the appropriate termination of the supply plug in the case of plug
connected equipment. Omitting or disconnecting the equipment earth may cause a
safety hazard.
The recommended minimum earth wire size is 2.5 mm2, unless otherwise stated in
the technical data section of the product documentation.
Before energising the equipment, the following should be checked:
Voltage rating and polarity;
CT circuit rating and integrity of connections;
Protective fuse rating;
Integrity of earth connection (where applicable)

Equipment operating conditions

The equipment should be operated within the specified electrical and
environmental limits.
Current transformer circuits
Do not open the secondary circuit of a live CT since the high voltage produced
may be lethal to personnel and could damage insulation.
External resistors
Where external resistors are fitted to relays, these may present a risk of electric
shock or burns, if touched.
Battery replacement
Where internal batteries are fitted they should be replaced with the recommended
type and be installed with the correct polarity, to avoid possible damage to the
equipment.
Insulation and dielectric strength testing
Insulation testing may leave capacitors charged up to a hazardous voltage. At the
end of each part of the test, the voltage should be gradually reduced to zero, to
discharge capacitors, before the test leads are disconnected.
Insertion of modules and pcb cards
These must not be inserted into or withdrawn from equipment whilst it is energised,
since this may result in damage.
Fibre optic communication
Where fibre optic communication devices are fitted, these should not be viewed
directly. Optical power meters should be used to determine the operation or signal
level of the device.
Older Products
Electrical adjustments
Equipments which require direct physical adjustments to their operating mechanism
to change current or voltage settings, should have the electrical power removed
before making the change, to avoid any risk of electric shock.
Mechanical adjustments
The electrical power to the relay contacts should be removed before checking any
mechanical settings, to avoid any risk of electric shock.
Draw out case relays
Removal of the cover on equipment incorporating electromechanical operating
elements, may expose hazardous live parts such as relay contacts.
Insertion and withdrawal of extender cards
When using an extender card, this should not be inserted or withdrawn from the
equipment whilst it is energised. This is to avoid possible shock or damage
hazards. Hazardous live voltages may be accessible on the extender card.
Insertion and withdrawal of heavy current test plugs
When using a heavy current test plug, CT shorting links must be in place before
insertion or removal, to avoid potentially lethal voltages.

Decommissioning and Disposal

Decommissioning: The auxiliary supply circuit in the relay may include

capacitors across the supply or to earth. To avoid electric
shock or energy hazards, after completely isolating the
supplies to the relay (both poles of any dc supply), the
capacitors should be safely discharged via the external
terminals prior to decommissioning.
Disposal: It is recommended that incineration and disposal to water
courses is avoided. The product should be disposed of in a
safe manner. Any products containing batteries should have
them removed before disposal, taking precautions to avoid
short circuits. Particular regulations within the country of
operation, may apply to the disposal of lithium batteries.
Technical Specifications
Protective fuse rating
The recommended maximum rating of the external protective fuse for this
equipment is 6A, Red Spot type or equivalent, unless otherwise stated in the
technical data section of the product documentation.

Insulation class: IEC 61010-1: 1990/A2: 1995 This equipment requires a

Class I protective (safety) earth
EN 61010-1: 1993/A2: 1995 connection to ensure user
Class I safety.

Installation IEC 61010-1: 1990/A2: 1995 Distribution level, fixed

Category Category III installation. Equipment in
(Overvoltage): EN 61010-1: 1993/A2: 1995 this category is qualification
Category III tested at 5kV peak, 1.2/50µs,
500Ω, 0.5J, between all supply
circuits and earth and also
between independent circuits.

Environment: IEC 61010-1: 1990/A2: 1995 Compliance is demonstrated by

Pollution degree 2 reference to generic safety
EN 61010-1: 1993/A2: 1995 standards.
Pollution degree 2

Product safety: 73/23/EEC Compliance with the European

Commission Low Voltage
Directive.

EN 61010-1: 1993/A2: 1995 Compliance is demonstrated

EN 60950: 1992/A11: 1997 by reference to generic safety
standards.
 M301, M302
System Analysis and Measurement Centre
Service Manual

Chapter 1
Introduction
SERVICE MANUAL R8605A
M301, M302 Volume 1
Chapter 1
Contents

1. INTRODUCTION TO MICOM M300 SERVICE MANUALS 1

2. INTRODUCTION TO MICOM 3
2.1 User interface and menu structure 3
2.1.1 Menu structure and password protection 3
2.1.1.1 Access level 0 4
2.1.1.2 Access level 1 5
2.1.1.3 Access level 2 6
2.2 Reading and clearing of alarm messages and fault records 25
2.3 Communication ports user interface 25
2.4 Courier communication interface 26
2.5 ModBus communication interface 26
3. MODEL IDENTIFICATION 28
FIGURE 1 MENU ACCESS LEVEL 0 4
FIGURE 2 MENU ACCESS LEVEL 1 5
FIGURE 3 MENU ACCESS LEVEL 2 6
FIGURE 4 PASSWORD ENTRY PROCEDURE 7
FIGURE 5 MENU OVERVIEW 8
FIGURE 6 LAYER 0 MENU 9
FIGURE 7 LAYER 1 MENU 10
FIGURE 8 LAYER 2 MENU: SYSTEM DATA 11
FIGURE 9 LAYER 2 MENU: SYSTEM CONFIGURATION 12
FIGURE 10 LAYER 2 MENU: SYSTEM MODES 13
FIGURE 11 LAYER 2 MENU: SYSTEM COMMANDS 14
FIGURE 12 LAYER 2 MENU: DEMAND VALUES 15
FIGURE 13 LAYER 2 MENU: TARIFF METER 16
FIGURE 14 LAYER 2 MENU: VIEW RECORDS 17
FIGURE 15 LAYER 2 MENU: DISTURBANCE RECORDER 18
FIGURE 16 LAYER 2 MENU: COMMUNICATION SETTINGS 19
FIGURE 17 LAYER 2 MENU: DEMAND CALCULATION 20
FIGURE 18 LAYER 2 MENU: ANALOG OUTPUTS 21
FIGURE 19 LAYER 2 MENU: RELAY OUTPUTS 22
FIGURE 20 LAYER 2 MENU: OPTO INPUTS 23
FIGURE 21 LAYER 2 MENU: SETPOINT GROUPS 1 TO 4 24
FIGURE 22 LAYER 2 MENU: TARIFF SETTINGS 25
SERVICE MANUAL R8605A
M301, M302 Volume 1
Chapter 1
Page 1 of 28

Section 1. INTRODUCTION TO MICOM M300 SERVICE

MANUALS

This service manual provides a functional and technical description of the MiCOM
M300 System Analysis and Measurement Centre range and a comprehensive set
of instructions for the use and application of the unit. The generic description used
for the product range in this manual is M300. There are two main product
variants; one panel mounted and referred to throughout as M301, and the other
DIN rail mounted and referred to as M302.
The service manual is split into two volumes as follows:
Volume 1 includes information on the application of the measurement centre and
a technical description of its features. It is mainly intended for
application engineers concerned with the selection and application of
the product for measuring power system parameters.
Volume 2 contains information on the installation and commissioning of the
product, and also a section on fault finding. This volume is intended
for test and commissioning engineers who are responsible for the
installation and maintenance of the unit.
The introductory chapter is common to both volumes and includes:
• An introduction to the MiCOM range of products and the features and facilities
which the range offers.
• A description of the user interface of the M301 to enable the user to start using
the product. This concentrates on the menu structure and how to navigate it from
the front of the unit.
• General technical statements.
The chapter content within each volume is summarised below:
Volume 1 Engineering Volume
Chapter 1 Introduction
Introduction to the MiCOM products and a guide to the user
interface of the M300.
Chapter 2 Applications
Comprehensive and detailed description of the features of the
product, the power system applications for which it is intended, and
how to calculate and apply suitable settings to the unit.
Chapter 3 Description
Overview of the hardware and software in the unit along with a
description of the internal operation of the unit. This chapter includes
information on the self checking features and diagnostics of the
product.
Chapter 4 Specification
Technical specifications of the product giving details of accuracy
limits, recommended operating conditions, technical ratings and
performance etc. Where appropriate the technical specifications are
quoted in relation to the relevant technical standard(s).
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Volume 2 Installation volume

Chapter 1 Introduction
Introduction to the MiCOM products and a guide to the user
interface of the M300.
Chapter 2 Installation
Contains recommendations on unpacking, handling, inspection and
storage of the product. A guide to the mechanical and electrical
installation of the product is provided, which incorporates wiring
diagrams and earthing details.
Chapter 3 Commissioning
Instructions regarding how to commission the product on site,
comprising checks on the calibration of the product, and directions
on how to check the functionality of the product to prove it is in
correct working order. This also includes a guide to entering the
required product settings.
Chapter 4 Problem analysis
This chapter provides advice on how to recognise failure symptoms
and how to proceed in order to restore the product to a healthy
condition.
Chapter 5 Communications and SCADA interface
This chapter provides detailed information regarding the
communication interfaces of the product, including a detailed
description of the settings database stored inside and how to access
it. The chapter also gives information on each of the communication
protocols that can be used with the unit, and is intended to allow the
user to design a custom interface to a SCADA system.
SERVICE MANUAL R8605A
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Section 2. INTRODUCTION TO MICOM

MiCOM is the new range of substation protection and control products from
AREVA T&D. Central to the concept of MiCOM is communication; communication
between the different products in the range and between the MiCOM products
and substation control and SCADA systems.
This enables MiCOM to provide a comprehensive range of integrated protection
and control equipment which is capable of fulfilling all substation requirements.
The MiCOM range includes a wide selection of protection relays (the P series),
measurement products for accurate metering and monitoring (the M series) and
versatile communication support packages for personal computer interrogation of
the products (the S series).
All MiCOM products include facilities for recording a multitude of information on
the state and behaviour of the power system through disturbance and fault records,
but also can provide measurements of the system at regular intervals to a control
centre to enable remote monitoring and control to take place.
There are several personal computer based support software packages in the
MiCOM range which are custom designed for use with the other MiCOM
products:
• MiCOM M300 setting software is designed for local control of a single
measurement centre and provides facilities for changing product settings and
viewing measurands. This package communicates via the ModBus protocol.
• MiCOM S1 is designed for local control of a single relay and provides
facilities for operations such as changing the relay settings, programming the
protection scheme logic and extracting disturbance and fault records.
This package communicates via the Courier protocol.
• MiCOM S10 provides substation-wide communication with many MiCOM
products and is capable of extracting and displaying measurements from an
entire substation. Also MiCOM S1 can be combined with MiCOM S10 to
allow control of the relay settings for all MiCOM devices within a substation.
The range of measurement products in the MiCOM range presently includes the
following products:
M100 panel mounted energy meters
M210 system measurement centre
M300 system analysis and measurement centre
For up-to-date information on any of the products in the MiCOM range see the
latest MiCOM publications.
2.1 User interface and menu structure
The settings and functions of the M300 can be accessed from either the front panel
or rear communications port. The M302 has only communications ports and no
local user interface.
2.1.1 Menu structure and password protection
The front panel user interface is arranged in a hierarchical structure which is
designed to provide an intuitive interface eliminating the need for constant
recourse to the service manual. There are three main layers to the menu. Layer 0 of
SERVICE MANUAL R8605A
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Page 4 of 28

the menu allows access to the measured parameters. Layer 1 allows access to the
different setting groups. Once the appropriate setting group that requires changing
is located then access can be gained to the actual setting.
Different password access levels are allotted according to the security criteria of
individual settings.
2.1.1.1 Access level 0

To set access to level 0

Layer 0 menu

Layer 1 menu

Level 0
or
Level 1

System data
Level 2

Layer 2 menu

or

Password control

Enter password - see text

or

Access level 0

Figure 1

With this access level set only level 0 settings can be changed without the entrance
of a password. The only setting that can be changed is that of the Real Time Clock.
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2.1.1.2 Access level 1

To set access to level 1

Layer 1 menu

Device settings
or

Level 0
System data

Level 1

Level 2 Layer 2 menu

or

Password control

Enter password - see text

or

Access level 1

Figure 2

With this access level set only level 0 and 1 settings can be changed without the
entry of a password. The settings available include:
Real Time Clock
Clear all event records
Clear waveform capture and all disturbance records
All other reset commands
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2.1.1.3 Access level 2:

To set access to level 2

Layer 0 menu
Device settings

Level 0 Layer 1 menu

Level 1 or

Level 2
System data

Layer 2 menu

or

Password control

Enter password - see text

or

Access level 2

Figure 3

All settings are now available to the operator without entering passwords.
If a setting requires a password to be entered then the following procedure should
be followed:
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Password setting
Enter Level 1 or 2
Password: ****

Z, Y, X etc. or A, B, C etc.

then

or

Enter Level 1 or 2
Password: P***

Z, Y, X etc. or A, B, C etc.

then

Enter Level 1 or 2
Password: P1**

Z, Y, X etc. or A, B, C etc.

then

Enter Level 1 or 2
Password: P1A*

Z, Y, X etc. or A, B, C etc.

then

Figure 4

The three menu layers of the unit can be navigated using the key presses shown in
Figure 5 below. Pressing and holding a key will cause the unit to automatically
step around the layer (auto repeat function).
SERVICE MANUAL R8605A
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Layer 0 menu

Current Power
displays displays

Voltage
displays Power
factor
C

Energy
MiCOM M300 displays
Measurement
Centre

anti-clockwise clockwise
rotation rotation

Maximum
Pulsed
demand
input
displays
displays

DC input System
frequency

Layer 1 menu Return to previous menu

Demand Record views

and tariffs and settings

System
commands Communications
settings
C

Demand
System data settings

anti-clockwise clockwise
rotation rotation

Analogue
Setpoints
outputs
and tariffs

Opto inputs Relay

outputs

Return to previous menu

Layer 2 menu

anti-clockwise clockwise
rotation rotation

Opto input 2
Opto input 1

Actual setting change

Actual setting change

Figure 5 Menu overview

 MiCOM M300 Van Vbn Vab Vbc Van Vbn Volts NPS Ia Ib Neutral current = Ia Ib AMPS NPS =
Vab Vbc
Measurement Centre Vcn Vca Vcn %THD Ic Ic %THD
Vca %THD

Time into period Ia Ib

x into y min Ic MD A
M301, M302

pulsed input 2 Real power

Ph A
SERVICE MANUAL

No effect
Rotate right
pulsed input 1 Real power
Ph B

C
dc input Real power
Ph C

System frequency Real power

Total

MD PF Reactive power
Go to next Ph A

Rotate left menu level settings

MD leading kvar No effect Reactive power
Ph B

MD lagging kvar Reactive power

Ph C

MD (-) kVA Reactive power

Total

MD (+) kVA Apparent power

Ph A

MD export kW MD import kW Leading energy Lagging energy Export energy Import energy PF = Apparent power Apparent power Apparent power
Total Ph C Ph B
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Figure 6 Layer 0 menu

 System Data System System modes System Demand values Tariff meter
configuration commands
M301, M302
SERVICE MANUAL

Return to previous menu

Tariff settings View records
Rotate right

Setpoint Disturbance
group 4 recorder

Go to next
Rotate left menu level
No effect settings

Setpoint Communications
group 3 settings

Setpoint Setpoint Opto inputs Relay outputs Analog outputs Demand

group 2 group 1 calculation
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Figure 7 Layer 1 menu

 Language Password Description Plant reference
M301, M302
SERVICE MANUAL

Return to previous menu

Level 2 password Model number
Rotate right

Level 1 password Serial number

More detail
Rotate left where needed
Enter setting change menu

Password control Software ref 1

Active access Relay output Opto input status Software ref 2

level status
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Figure 8 Layer 2 menu: System data

 Fitted hardware Comms protocol Display mode
M301, M302
SERVICE MANUAL

Return to previous menu

Rotate right

Max clock LCD backlight

synch interval
More detail
Rotate left where needed
Enter setting change menu

Clock synch Real time clock

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Figure 9 Layer 2 menu: System configuration

 Connection mode Power flow mode CT primary
M301, M302
SERVICE MANUAL

Return to previous menu

Rotate right

No effect
Rotate left
Enter setting change menu

VT secondary VT primary CT secondary

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Figure 10 Layer 2 menu: System modes

 Clear to reset: Clear to reset: Clear to reset:
Energy meter Demand Energy and demand
M301, M302
SERVICE MANUAL

Return to previous menu

Rotate right

Enter to capture Clear to reset:

C ph fast waveform Pulse counts

No effect
Rotate left
Enter setting change menu

Enter to capture Enter to capture Clear to restore

B ph fast waveform A ph fast waveform Password protection

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Figure 11 Layer 2 menu: System commands

 Demands for Maximum demands Maximum demands
M301, M302

previous period since last reset present day

SERVICE MANUAL

Return to previous menu

Rotate right

Maximum demands Maximum demands

day 7
C day 1

More detail
Rotate left where Maximum demands
Enter setting change menu necessary
Maximum demands day 2
day 6

Maximum demands Maximum demands Maximum demands

day 5 day 4 day 3

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Figure 12 Layer 2 menu: Demand values

 Settings status Active rate register Rate register 1
M301, M302
SERVICE MANUAL

Return to previous menu

Rotate right

Rate register 8 Rate register 2

C

More detail
Rotate left where Rate register 3
Enter setting change menu necessary
Rate register 7

Rate register 6 Rate register 5 Rate register 4

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Figure 13 Layer 2 menu: Tariff meter

 Number of Clear to 0: <error>
records clear event records
M301, M302
SERVICE MANUAL

Return to previous menu

Rotate right

nth: <error> 1: <error>

C

More detail
Rotate left where 2: <error>
Enter setting change menu necessary
6: <error>

5: <error> 4: <error> 3: <error>

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Figure 14 Layer 2 menu: View records

 Recorder status Samples per cycle Record config
<Status>
M301, M302
SERVICE MANUAL

Return to previous menu

Rotate right
Post trigger cycle
C

Clear to
clear wave cap &
Dist rec
More detail
Rotate left where Set point triggers
Enter setting change menu necessary

Enter to trigger Records stored Opto input triggers

disturbance recorder
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Figure 15 Layer 2 menu: Disturbance recorder

 Modem control lines: ModBus address ModBus baud rate:
<Status> <Baud rate>
M301, M302
SERVICE MANUAL

Return to previous menu

Rotate right

IEC 870 framing ModBus framing:

<>

No effect
Rotate left
Enter setting change menu

IEC 870 baud rate Courier address

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Figure 16 Layer 2 menu: Communication settings

 Function:
<window type>
M301, M302
SERVICE MANUAL

Return to previous menu

Rotate right

No effect
Rotate left
Enter setting change menu

Demand period
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Figure 17 Layer 2 menu: Demand calculation

 Analog output 1: Analog output 2:
<assignment> <assignment>
M301, M302
SERVICE MANUAL

Return to previous menu

Rotate right

No effect
Rotate left
Enter setting change menu

Analog output 4: Analog output 3:

<assignment> <assignment>
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Figure 18 Layer 2 menu: Analogoutputs

 Relay 1 assignment: Relay 2 assignment:
<assignment> <assignment>
M301, M302
SERVICE MANUAL

Return to previous menu

Rotate right

No effect
Rotate left
Enter setting change menu

Relay 4 assignment: Relay 3 assignment:

<assignment> <assignment>
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Figure 19 Layer 2 menu: Relay outputs

 Opto input 1:
<assignment>
M301, M302
SERVICE MANUAL

Return to previous menu

Rotate right

No effect
Rotate left
Enter setting change menu

Opto input 2:
<assignment>
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Figure 20 Layer 2 menu: Opto inputs

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Setpoint group 1 is used in the example but all other groups are available in the
same format.

Setpoint group 1 Setpoint G1, E1: Setpoint G1, E2:

delay: <delay> <assignment> <assignment>

Return to previous menu

Rotate right

Setpoint G1, E8:

<assignment>
C

Setpoint G1, E3:

<assignment>

More detail
Rotate left where
Enter setting change menu necessary
Setpoint G1, E7:
<assignment>

Setpoint G1, E6: Setpoint G1, E5: Setpoint G1, E4:

<assignment> <assignment> <assignment>

Figure 21 Layer 2 menu: setpoint groups 1 to 4

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Rate switching Rate switching Rate switching

events 1 - 12 events 13 - 24 events 25 - 36

Return to previous menu

Rotate right

Rate register data

source
C

Rate switching
events 37 - 48

More detail
Rotate left where
Enter setting change menu necessary
Fixed date
exlusions

Fixed day Switching events Season switching

exclusions in season events

Figure 22 Layer 2 menu:Tariff settings

The front panel will return to a default display if the front panel interface is inactive
for more than 15 minutes. If this happens any setting changes which have not been
confirmed will be lost and the original setting values maintained. The default
display is the layer 0 menu position last displayed by the unit.

2.2 Reading and clearing of alarm messages and fault records

The presence of one or more alarm messages will be indicated by the ALARM LED
being illuminated on the M301. (The M302 has no display so access to alarms is
via the serial communications only.) The alarm messages can be viewed by
repeated pressing of the READ key and will appear in sequential order. When all
alarms have been viewed, but not cleared, the ALARM LED will continue to be
illuminated.
Pressing the CLEAR key will clear all alarm messages.

2.3 Communication ports user interface

The Measurement Centre has two communication ports located on the rear of the
unit:
A 9 pin D-type connector which can be configured to be an RS232 ModBus port
or an IEC 870 Courier port.
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A set of screw terminals for connection via twisted pair wiring and RS485
communication to a master terminal at a more distant location (up to 1000m).
This is designed for use with a permanently wired communication system covering,
for example, a whole substation, and can connect a number of units to a single
master station for monitoring and control purposes. This port can be configured as
a either a K-BUS COURIER port or RS 485 ModBus port.
2.4 Courier communication interface
Courier is the communication language developed by AREVA T&D to allow remote
interrogation of its range of protection relays and is fully supported by the MiCOM
range. Courier works on a master/slave basis where the slave units contain
information in the form of a database, and respond with information from the
database when it is requested by a master unit.
The Measurement Centre is a slave unit which is designed to be used with a
Courier master unit such as MiCOM S1, PAS&T, ACCESS or a SCADA system.
The operations and functions supported by Courier communications are as follows:
display and modification of all settings
extraction of digital status
extraction of measurements
extraction of fault records
extraction of event and alarm records
manual extraction of disturbance records
reset of alarm conditions
clearing of event records
time synchronisation
automatic extraction of event and disturbance records
2.5 ModBus communication interface
ModBus is another master/slave communication protocol which can be used for
network control. In a similar fashion to Courier, the system works by the master
device initiating all actions and the slave devices (the Measurement Centres)
responding to the master by supplying the requested data or by taking the
requested action. ModBus communication can be held over the RS232 or RS485
links provided (but not at the same time). Using the RS485 port up to 32 slave
devices can be connected together over a distance of up to 1000m.
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The operations and functions supported by ModBus communications are as

follows:
display and modification of all settings
extraction of digital status
extraction of measurements
extraction of fault records
extraction of event and alarm records
manual extraction of disturbance records
reset of alarm conditions
clearing of event records
time synchronisation
automatic extraction of event and disturbance records
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Section 3. MODEL IDENTIFICATION

M 3 0 0 0 0 0 A
Numeric instrumentation

Application

Panel mounted energy meter 1

System measurement centre 2
System analysis and measurement centre 3
Disturbance recorder 4

Variant:

Measurement centre with display 01

Measurement centre without display 02

Vx Aux rating:

24...70V dc L
70...250V ac or dc H

In/Vn Rating:

1A, up to 440V 1
5A, up to 440V 5

Hardware

Base model - No output relays, No analogue outputs,

No status inputs and no dc input 0

Option 1 - Base model plus output relays and status inputs 1

Option 2 - Base model plus analogue outputs and dc input 2

Option 3 - Base model plus output relays, status inputs,

analogue outputs and dc inputs 3

Product

No dc input 0
DC input 0...200mV 1
DC input 0...5V 2
DC input 0...250V 3
DC input 0...20mA 4

Protocol options:

RS232 ModBus & KBUS Courier 2

RS485 ModBus & IEC Courier 4

Mounting:

Panel P
DIN rail D

Language:

Multilingual 0

Spare:

Design suffix:

For example, a Measurement Centre with display, and fully equipped with output relays, status inputs, 4 analogue outputs, a 4...20mA DC input, the RS485 set to
MODBUS protocol and the RS232 set to Courier, with a 5A input and a 220V Auxilliary requirement would have the model number M301H5344P0000A
 M301, M302
System Analysis and Measurement Centre
Service Manual

Chapter 2
Application
SERVICE MANUAL R8605B
M301, M302 Volume 1
Chapter 2
Contents

1. INTRODUCTION 1
2. MODEL SELECTION 3
3. SYSTEM MODES 4
3.1 Connection mode 4
3.1.1 Notes on application of each connection mode 4
3.1.1.1 Mode 0 4
3.1.1.2 Mode 1 4
3.1.1.3 Mode 2 5
3.1.1.4 Mode 3 5
3.1.1.5 Mode 4 5
3.1.1.6 Mode 5 5
3.1.1.7 Mode 6 5
3.1.1.8 Mode 7 5
3.2 Example of connection mode setting on measurement centre 8
3.3 Power mode 9
3.4 System parameters 10
4 INSTRUMENTATION 11
4.1 RMS measurements 11
4.1.1 RMS voltage 12
4.1.2 Negative sequence voltage 12
4.1.3 RMS current 12
4.1.4 Neutral current 13
4.1.5 Negative sequence current 13
4.2 Power measurements 13
4.2.1 Active power (Watts) per phase 13
4.2.2 Apparent power (VA) per phase 14
4.2.3 Reactive power (VArs) per phase 14
4.2.4 Active power (Watts): three phase or system power 14
4.2.5 Reactive power (VArs) three phase or system VArs 14
4.2.6 Apparent power (VA): three phase or system VA 15
4.2.7 System power factor 15
4.3 Demand values 15
4.4 Maximum demands 16
4.4.1 Maximum demand for previous period demand 16
4.4.2 Maximum demand since last reset 16
4.4.3 Maximum demands for present day 17
4.4.4 Maximum demands for days 1 to 7 17
4.5 Average demands 17
4.5.1 Fixed window 17
4.5.2 Sliding window 18
4.5.3 Thermal demand 19
4.6 Alarm 20
4.6.1 Alarms: example 1 - alarm on high level only 20
4.6.2 Alarms: example 2 - alarm on low level only 21
4.6.3 Alarms: example 3 - alarm on high and low levels 21
SERVICE MANUAL R8605B
M301, M302 Volume 1
Chapter 2
Contents

5 METERING 22
5.1 Energy metering 22
5.1.1 Energy metering: example - assigning pulsed output relays 25
5.2 Tariff metering 25
5.2.1 Rate registers 26
5.2.2 Rate switching events 26
5.2.2.1 Activation day 27
5.2.2.2 Activation hour 27
5.2.2.3 Activation minute 27
5.2.2.4 Rates 27
5.2.2.5 Event 1 rate register setting cell 27
5.2.3 Season switching events 30
5.2.3.1 Month 31
5.2.3.2 Day of month 31
5.2.3.3 New season 31
5.2.3 Switching events in season 32
5.3.1 Fixed date exclusions 32
5.3.1.1 Month cell 33
5.3.1.2 Day of month cell 33
5.3.1.3 Season to use cell 33
5.3.1.4 Day to use cell 33
5.3.2 Fixed day exclusions 33
5.3.2.1 Week cell 34
5.3.2.2 Day cell 34
5.3.2.3 Season to use cell 34
5.3.2.4 Day to use cell 34
6 POWER QUALITY 35
6.1 Introduction 35
6.2 Event recording 37
6.3 Waveform recording 38
6.4 Detailed waveform analysis mode 38
7 INPUTS/OUTPUTS 39
7.1 Opto inputs (optional) 39
7.1.1 Real time clock synchronisation 39
7.1.2 Demand/energy synchronisation 40
7.1.3 Pulse counting 40
7.1.4 Volt-free contact sensing 41
7.2 DC input (optional) 41
7.2.1 DC input: example 1 - external transducer current input (0 ... 20mA) 41
7.2.2 DC input: example 2 - 200mV DC shunt 42
7.3 Relay outputs (optional) 42
7.4 Analogue transducer outputs (optional) 42
7.4.1 Measured quantity 43
7.4.2 Full scale as a percentage of the measured quantity 44
7.4.3 Single or dual slope 44
7.4.4 Output current range 46
SERVICE MANUAL R8605B
M301, M302 Volume 1
Chapter 2
Contents

FIGURE 1 AVAILABLE CONNECTION MODES 6

FIGURE 2 SIGNING DIAGRAM 9
FIGURE 3 POWER FLOW DIAGRAM 10
FIGURE 4 FIXED WINDOW 18
FIGURE 5 THERMAL DEMAND EXPONENTIAL CURVE 19
FIGURE 6 UNI-DIRECTIONAL MEASUREMENT, SINGLE SLOPE 45
FIGURE 7 BI-DIRECTIONAL MEASUREMENT, SINGLE SLOPE ONLY 45
FIGURE 8 UNI-DIRECTIONAL MEASUREMENT, DUAL SLOPE 46
SERVICE MANUAL R8605B
M301, M302 Volume 1
Chapter 2
Page 1 of 48

Section 1. INTRODUCTION

The M300 integrates a number of measurement, monitoring and metering functions

into the same unit for comprehensive power system management. The use of
numerical technology achieves high accuracy over a wide dynamic measuring
range for instantaneous and integrated power system parameters. The M300 also
provides a host of other measurement, monitoring and metering facilities as
detailed below;
• Instrumentation.
• Measured parameters as shown in table 1.
• High accuracy, typically 0.2% for current and voltage.
• True RMS measurement.
• Display of measured values in primary or secondary quantities.
• Metering facilities
• Programmable tariff metering.
• Active and reactive energy metering.
• Demand metering.
• Power quality monitoring facilities
• 32 alarm settings, high/low and variable trip/reset times.
• 100 historical alarm/event records.
• Real time harmonic analysis up to the 15th harmonic.
• Waveform recording.
• Waveform capture, providing 192 samples/cycle for two cycles on the
selected phase.
• User friendly design
• Large clear liquid crystal display (M301 only).
• Intuitive programming from front panel (M301 only) and communications
port.
• RS485 and RS232 communications fitted as standard.
• Modbus or Courier protocols on either communications port.
The device is therefore ideally suited to applications where continuous monitoring
of a single or three phase system is required.
The M300 provides real time harmonic analysis, up to the 15th harmonic.
The relative amplitude of each harmonic is sent via the communication port.
The percentage total harmonic distortion (%THD) is available on the front panel,
and via the communications port. An alarm can be set to activate at a particular
%THD level. For examination of harmonics above the fifteenth, it is possible to
derive values off-line up to the 60th harmonic from a 2 cycle waveform capture,
192 sample/cycle.
The M300 can be supplied with or without an LCD display. The display gives local
instrumentation and metering functions.
SERVICE MANUAL R8605B
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Measurements
Phase voltage Van, Vbn, Vcn
Line voltage Vab, Vbc, Vca
Negative sequence voltage Vnps
Current Ia, Ib, Ic
Neutral current In
Negative sequence current Inps
Active Power Wa, Wb, Wc, Wtotal
Reactive Power varsa, varsb, varsc, varstotal
Apparent Power VAa, VAb, VAc, VAtotal
Power Factor cos Φ
%THD (up to 15th harmonic) Ia, Ib, Ic, Va, Vb, Vc
Harmonic Analysis(1) harmonics 1 to 15 for each primary current
and voltage
Frequency Freq
Integrated/Demand Values
Maximum demand Ia, Ib, Ic, W, var, VA
Energy Wh, varh

NOTE:(1) Available via communications port only.

Table 1: Measured parameters

Programmable setpoints and assignable output relays (optional) allow control

functions to be added for specific applications. Typical applications include alarms
on over/under current or voltage, unbalance (negative phase sequence), demand
based load shedding and power factor.
A total of 32 alarms is available, each alarm having a high and low setting.
Multiple alarms can also be set to any parameter.
The two status inputs (optional) can be configured to be used for real time clock
synchronisation, pulse counting, breaker status monitoring, or volt free contact
sensing.
To monitor an analogue signal from an external transducer with a 2 wire output an
optional DC input is available. The measured DC input value can be displayed on
the front panel (as a percentage) and sent via the communications port to a remote
control station. An alarm can also be assigned to this measurement.
Four analogue outputs (optional) are also available alleviating the need for
separate transducers. The output current range is independently programmable for
each of the 4 outputs, and may be assigned to uni-directional or bi-directional
measurements in the form of either a single or dual slope.
SERVICE MANUAL R8605B
M301, M302 Volume 1
Chapter 2
Page 3 of 48

Section 2. MODEL SELECTION

Two basic models of the M300 are available:

M301 Measurement centre with display
M302 Measurement centre without display (back of panel DIN rail mounted)
For the M301 all of the measurements and settings detialed in the following
sections can be displayed on the LCD display and settings can be made where
appropriate via the front keypad. These can also be viewed and made via the
communications link. For the M302 all of the measurements and settings can only
be viewed and made via the communications link.
The following hardware options are available and are required to be specified at
the time of ordering.
They differ by the number of outputs/inputs available on the product. The base
model has only ac inputs and communication ports available. Options 1,2 & 3
contain a varying number of outputs, status inputs and DC inputs, as shown in
Table 2.
Opto DC input Pulse/alarm Analogue
inputs (2) relays (4) outputs (4)
Option 1 • •
Option 2 • •
Option 3 • • • •

Table 2. Model options

DC input range when hardware options 2 or 3 are selected (factory set internally
via jumper link):
0 ... 200mV
0 ... 5V
0 ... 250V
0 ... 20mA
Analogue output range when options 2 or 3 are selected (independently set via
menu), may be either uni-directional or bi-directional:
0 ... 10mA
0 ... 20mA
4 ... 20mA
Protocol options for the communications ports of all models (set via menu):
Com port 1: 9 way female D-type connector RS232 MODBUS or Courier IEC 870

Com port 2: 3 way connector for twisted pair; Courier K-Bus or RS485 MODBUS

NOTE: Only one port can be assigned to each protocol option.

For further information see Chapter 1, introduction for model number details.
Chapter 1 of the service manual gives a brief overview on how to navigate the
measurement centre menu. The following application notes give guidance on how
to correctly set up the device for a particular application, and how to apply the
required settings to the product.
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Page 4 of 48

Section 3. SYSTEM MODES

Prior to application of the M300 a number of system modes require selection in the
menu.
3.1 Connection mode
To enable the M300 to be fitted retrospectively in applications where existing
current and voltage transformers are used a number of different connection modes
are provided. These are user selectable in the user menu.
The measurements available in each mode are described below. In application
connection modes 3, 4 or 5 the unit should be fed with three phase current and
voltage signals.
The connection mode is used to set-up which ac inputs are to be sampled. The
M300 may be applied to either single or 3 phase (3 or 4 wire) systems.
Depending on the configuration and loading, it is not essential to supply all the
phase voltages and currents. Voltage must be applied to the A phase voltage
element otherwise the M300 will indicate 'out of service'.
There are eight possible connection modes:

Mode Connection
0 single phase (Vph-n; Iph)
1 3 phase 4 wire balanced (Vph-n; Iph)
2 3 phase 3 wire balanced (Va, Vb, Vc; Ia)
3 3 phase 3 wire unbalanced (Va, Vb, Vc; Ia, Ib)
4 3 phase 4 wire unbalanced (Va-n, Vb-n; Ia, Ib, Ic)
5 3 phase 4 wire unbalanced (Va-n, Vb-n, Vc-n; Ia, Ib, Ic)
6 2 phase 3 wire system (Va-n, Vb-n; Ia, Ib)
7 3 phase 3 wire balanced (Va-b; Ia, Ib,)

The available connection modes are shown in Figure 1.

3.1.1 Notes on application of each connection mode
3.1.1.1 Mode 0
Mode 0 is intended for applications where the M300 is applied to a single phase
system. The phase-neutral voltage and phase current should be applied to the A-
phase measuring elements within the measurement centre.
3.1.1.2 Mode 1
When the measurement centre is applied to a 3 phase balanced system with a
neutral connection, Mode 1 can be used. The phase-neutral voltage and phase
current should be applied to the A-phase measuring elements within the
measurement centre. The remaining phase quantities are displayed based on the
A-phase measurements.
When mode 1 is selected for a 3 phase 4 wire balanced system, with 1 voltage
and 1 current reference available, no neutral current measurements will be
displayed.
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3.1.1.3 Mode 2
For a 3 phase 3 wire balanced system, the 3 line voltages and the A phase current
must be applied to the unit. The phase-neutral voltages and their respective total
harmonic distortion can not displayed, no neutral current measurements will be
displayed.
3.1.1.4 Mode 3
For a 3ph 3 wire unbalanced system, the 3 line voltages and the A & B phase
currents are applied to the unit, C phase current values are derived from the
applied phase currents. As with mode 2, the phase-neutral voltages and their
respective total harmonic distortion can not be displayed. No neutral current
measurements will be displayed.
3.1.1.5 Mode 4
On a 3 phase 4 wire unbalanced system, where only two phase-neutral voltages
are available, it is assumed that the voltages summate to zero and the C phase-
neutral voltage can be calculated from the A and B phases. In this configuration
the 3 phase currents are measured and hence the neutral current can be derived
and displayed. All the measurements may be displayed, including the total
harmonic distortion for both the phase and line voltages.
3.1.1.6 Mode 5
For 3 phase 4 wire unbalanced systems where three phase-neutral voltages are
available and the phase currents are measured, the full range of measurements are
available.
3.1.1.7 Mode 6
The measurement centre can also be applied to 2 phase 3 wire unbalanced
systems. With this mode the A phase and B phase elements are utilised to measure
the phase-neutral voltages and phase currents. Therefore, the total harmonic
distortion is calculated and displayed for Vab in addition to Va-n and Vb-n. Data
for the C phase is not displayed.
3.1.1.8 Mode 7
For a 3 phase 3 wire balanced systems, a line voltage (phase-phase) and a
summated current input can be used to supply the unit. These values are fed into
the measurement centre using the A-phase element.
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Mode 0: Single phase Mode 4: 3 phase 4 wire unbalanced

A A
B
C
N N

M300 M300

Mode 1: 3 phase 4 wire balanced Mode 5: 3 phase 4 wire unbalanced

A A
B B
C C
N N

M300 M300

Mode 2: 3 phase 3 wire balanced Mode 6: 2 phase 3 wire unbalanced

A A
B B
C
N

M300 M300

Mode 3: 3 phase 3 wire unbalanced Mode 7: 3 phase 3 wire balanced

A A
B B
C C

M300 M300

Figure 1. Available connection modes

SERVICE MANUAL R8605B
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True RMS measurements:

Parameter 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
VA-N • • • • •
VB-N = VA-N • • •
VC-N = VA-N = - (VA + VB) •
VA-B = 3 VA-N • • • • • •
VB-C = 3 VA-N • • • • = VAB
VC-A = 3 VA-N • • • • = VAB

IA • • • • • • • = IAB / 3
IB = IA = IA • • • • = IAB / 3
IC = IA = IA = - (IA + IB) • • = IAB / 3
IN • • •

Negative phase sequence measurements:

Vnps • • •
Inps • • •

Expressed as a percentage of the average fundamental phase quantity.

Power measurements (including VA, VAr):

W(A Phase) • • • • • • • = W(total)/3
W(B Phase) as A as A • • • • = W(total)/3
phase phase
W(C Phase) as A as A • • • = W(total)/3
phase phase
W(total) • • • • • • • •

Apparent power (VA) and reactive power (var) measurements are similarly
available. All of these parameters are signed quantities, ie. they have +ve and -ve
values.

Harmonic analysis of voltages and currents:

VA-N (THD) • • • • •
VB-N (THD) as VAN • • •
VC-N (THD) as VAN • •
VA-B (THD) • • • • • •
VB-C (THD) • • • • as VAB
VC-A (THD) • • • • asVAB

IA (THD) • • • • • • •
IB (THD) as IA as IA • • • •
IC (THD) as IA as IA • • •

Similar parameters can be obtained for individual harmonic contributions

available via the communication ports.

Demand values:
IA (MD) • • • • • • • •
IB (MD) as IA as IA • • • • as IA
IC (MD) as IA as IA • • • as IA

Includes rolling average values displayed under measurements.

Table 3: Summary of measurements available depending on connection
mode
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The following measurements are available independent of connection mode ...

Energy metering (displayed under measurements):
Import Wh, Import varh, Export Wh, Export varh
Demand values (including rolling average values displayed under measurements):
Import W (MD), Export W (MD)
Positive VA (MD), Negative VA (MD)
Lagging var (MD), Leading var (MD)
Power Factor (MD)
Time Into Period
Miscellaneous:
Pulse Count 1, Pulse Count 2, DC Input, Power Factor, Frequency
3.2 Example of connection mode setting on measurement centre.
Selection of mode for a 3 phase 4 wire balanced system, where a single voltage
(phase-neutral) and the respective phase current are available.
Refering to Table 4 , mode 1 should be selected.
The menu heading SYSTEM MODES should be selected as described in Chapter 1.

Front Panel Remote Access

Connection Mode: 0 Connection Mode: 0 - 1ph (L,N)
1ph (L,N)
Connection Mode: 1 Connection Mode: 1 - 3ph4w bal(1VT,1CT)
3ph4w bal(1VT,1CT)
Connection Mode: 2 Connection Mode: 2 - 3ph3w bal(3VT,1CT)
3ph3w bal(3VT,1CT)
Connection Mode: 3 Connection Mode: 3 - 3ph3w unbal(3VT,2CT)
3ph3w unbal(3VT,2CT)
Connection Mode: 4 Connection Mode: 4 - 3ph4w unbal(2VT,3CT)
3ph4w unbal(2VT,3CT)
Connection Mode: 5 Connection Mode: 5 - 3ph4w unbal(3VT,3CT)
3ph4w unbal(3VT,3CT)
Connection Mode: 6 Connection Mode: 6 - 2ph3w bal(2VT,2CT)
2ph3w bal(2VT,2CT)
Connection Mode: 7 Connection Mode: 7 - 3ph3w bal(2VT,2CT)
3ph3w bal(2VT,2CT)

Table 4. States of Connection Mode Cell

SERVICE MANUAL R8605B
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3.3 Power mode

The power mode is used for the signing of power measurements. The M300 has
the default convention (mode 0) that forward current flow is from the busbar to the
feeder. This corresponds to positive values of active power and negative values for
lagging vars on the M300 display. However, alternative methods of signing the
direction of power flow can be selected to suit a particular application, or user’s
standard. It is possible to select the signing for the active and reactive power in the
SYSTEM MODES MENU to any of the following four alternatives:

Mode Parameter Signing

0 Export Power +
(Default) Import Power -
Lagging VArs -
Leading VArs +
1 Export Power -
Import Power +
Lagging VArs -
Leading VArs +
2 Export Power +
Import Power -
Lagging VArs +
Leading VArs -
3 Export Power -
Import Power +
Lagging VArs +
Leading VArs -

Mode 0 = +VAr
Mode 1 = +VAr
Mode 2 = - VAr
Mode 3 = - VAr

Lagging VArs to busbar

+90

S S
Q Q

Power to feeder P Power to feeder

P
±180 0
P P Mode 0 = +W
Mode 0 = - W
Mode 1 = +W Mode 1 = - W
Q Q Mode 2 = +W
Mode 2 = -W
Mode 3 = +W S S Mode 3 = - W

-90
Lagging VArs to feeder
Mode 0 = - VAr
Mode 1 = - VAr
Mode 2 = +VAr
Mode 3 = +VAr

Figure 2. Signing diagram

SERVICE MANUAL R8605B
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Measurement Centre

-W +VAR +W -VAR
S1 S2
L
P1 P2
To busbar To feeder

N
Figure 3. Power flow diagram

3.4 System parameters

The M300 can display the measured values in either their primary or secondary
values, therefore it is necessary to input the system CT and VT information into the
unit. This data, along with the connection mode and the power flow mode, is
entered via the SYSTEM MODE MENU shown below.
When using connection mode 0, the VT primary and secondary values are
entered as phase - neutral quantities. All other connection modes use phase -
phase quantities.
SYSTEMS MODE MENU
Front Panel Remote Access
Connection Mode: 0 Connection Mode: 0 - 1ph (L,N)
1ph (L,N)
Power Flow Mode: Power Flow Mode: Mode 1
Mode 1
CT Primary: CT Primary: 200A
200A
CT Secondary: CT Secondary: 5.000A
5.000A
VT Primary: VT Primary: 6350V
6350V
VT Secondary: VT Secondary: 63.5V
63.5V
SERVICE MANUAL R8605B
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Section 4. INSTRUMENTATION

The following measured parameters are available from the M300. The availability
of these values enables the user to effectively monitor any item of plant, feeder,
generator, motor, transformer etc.
Measurements
Phase Voltage Van, Vbn, Vcn
Line Voltage Vab, Vbc, Vca
Negative Sequence Voltage Vnps
Current Ia, Ib, Ic
Neutral Current In
Negative Sequence Current Inps
Active Power Wa, Wb, Wc, Wtotal
Reactive Power VArsa, VArsb, VArsc, VArstotal
Apparent Power VAa, VAb, VAc, VAtotal
Power Factor cos F
%THD (up to 15th harmonic) Ia, Ib, Ic, Va, Vb, Vc
Harmonic Analysis (1) harmonics 1 to 15 for each primary current and
voltage

Frequency Freq
Integrated/Demand Values
Maximum demand (2) Ia, Ib, Ic, W (import/export), var (lag/lead), VA (+/-)

Energy Wh (import/export), varh (import/export)

NOTES:
1. Available via communications port only.
2. Maximum demand values available based on:
previous period, last reset, present day, day 1 to 7.
4.1 RMS measurements
With the increase in harmonics present on today’s power systems, due to the
increased use of electronic loads such as computers, variable frequency drives,
etc. it is important, when accurate monitoring of electrical parameters is required,
to use a measuring technique that compensates for their presence. Conventional
measurement methods, that use a mean sensing technique, respond to the mean or
average of the input waveform. This will only be accurate when the input
waveform approaches a pure sinusoid.
The M300 uses a true RMS (root-mean-square) measurement technique which
provides accurate measurement with harmonics present up to the 15th harmonic.
The M300 extracts 48 samples per cycle and the true RMS measurement is
obtained using these sampled values. The displayed value is an average of the last
eight measured or calculated RMS measurements. The display is updated every
0.5s reducing variation in displayed values.
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4.1.1 RMS voltage

The M300 measures the true RMS value of the phase-neutral voltages connected to
the unit. The three line voltages (Vab, Vbc, Vca) are calculated from these
measured parameters. For three wire systems the M300 creates a virtual neutral
internally. Both the phase-phase and the phase-neutral voltages can be viewed on
the M300 display by entering the MEASUREMENTS menu or via the remote
communications link.
(If the system voltage falls below 10% then the measurement functions are halted).
The following Table shows the voltage parameters displayed on the front panel
and via the communications link (Voltage measurements displayed will depend on
the connection mode selected).
Front Panel Remote Access

Measurements

Van= 0.000 Vbn= 0.000 Van = 0.000kV

Vcn= 0.000 kV Vbn = 0.000kV
Vcn = 0.000kV

Vab= 0.000 Vbc= 0.000 Vab = 0.000kV

Vca=0.000 kV Vbc = 0.000kV
Vca = 0.000kV

Note: Vn is referenced from the VT secondary setting applied in the

SYSTEM MODE menu.
4.1.2 Negative sequence voltage
The negative sequence voltage is a calculated value derived from the fundamental
frequency phase voltages. Incremental changes are displayed over the range 0 to
100%.
Full scale (100%) will be displayed when a balanced three phase negative phase
sequence voltage is applied. With a balanced positive phase sequence voltage
applied the reading will be 0%. The value can be viewed by entering the
MEASUREMENTS menu on the front of the unit or via the communications link.

Front Panel Remote Access

Measurements

Volts NPS = 0.000% Volts NPS = 0.000%

4.1.3 RMS current

True RMS measurement of the three phase currents (Ia, Ib, Ic, depending on the
mode selected) are measured by the M300. Values can be displayed on the front
panel and sent via the communications.
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Front Panel Remote Access

Measurements

Ia = 0.000 Ib = 0.000 Ia = 0.000kA

Ic = 0.000 kA Ib = 0.000KA
Ic = 0.000KA

4.1.4 Neutral current

The neutral current (In) is a calculated value derived from the sum of the phase
current samples connected to the M300. The calculated value is displayed in the
MEASUREMENTS menu.
Front Panel Remote Access

Measurements

Neutral current = Neutral current = 0.000A

0.000A

4.1.5 Negative sequence current

The negative sequence current is a calculated value derived from the fundamental
frequency phase currents. Incremental changes are displayed over the range 0 to
100%.
Full scale (100%) will be displayed when a balanced three phase current is
applied with a reverse phase sequence, when the negative sequence value is
equal to the RMS phase current. With a balanced load current applied the reading
will be 0%.
Front Panel Remote Access

Measurements

Amps NPS = 0.000% Amps NPS = 0.000%

4.2 Power measurements

The M300 provides accurate measurement of the active, reactive and apparent
power of the system as follows:
4.2.1 Active power (Watts) per phase
The M300 calculates the active power of the system on a per phase basis by the
average of the instantaneous phase voltage multiplied by the instantaneous phase
current. This true definition of power is used to include the affects of harmonics.

P=1 ∫ v(t) x i(t) dt

T
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4.2.2 Apparent power (VA) per phase

The apparent power (VA) is calculated on a per phase basis from the measured
RMS values of voltage and current.
S = Vrms x Ιrms (VA)

4.2.3 Reactive power (vars) per phase

The reactive power (vars) is calculated separately for each phase using the per
phase values of P (watts) and S (VA). This is given by the formula below.

Q= √ S2 - P 2 (VArs)

4.2.4 Active power (Watts): three phase or system power

The three phase power is an addition of the single phase power measurement
elements. It is derived from the following formula:
System active power PT = PA + PB + PC

Front Panel Remote Access

Measurements

Real power: Phase A = 00.00000kW

Ph A = 00.00000 kW

Real power: Phase B = 00.00000kW

Ph B = 00.00000 kW

Real power: Phase C = 00.00000kW

Ph C = 00.00000 kW

Real power: Total = 00.00000kW

Total = 00.00000 kW

4.2.5 Reactive power (vars) three phase or system vars

The three phase vars is an addition of the single phase power measurement
elements. It is derived from the following formula:

QT = QA + QB + QC

Front Panel Remote Access

Measurements

Reactive power: Phase A = 00.000kVAr

Ph A = 00.000 kVAr

Reactive power: Phase B = 00.000kVAr

Ph B = 00.000 kVAr

Reactive power: Phase C = 00.000kVAr

Ph C = 00.000 kVAr

Reactive power: Total = 00.000kVAr

Total = 00.000 kVAr
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4.2.6 Apparent power (VA): Three phase or system VA

The three phase VA is derived from the following formula:
ST = √ PT2 + QT2

Front Panel Remote Access

Measurements

Apparent power: Phase A = 00.00000kVA

Ph A = 00.00000 kVA

Apparent power: Phase B = 00.00000kVA

Ph B = 00.00000 kVA

Apparent power: Phase C = 00.00000kVA

Ph C = 00.00000 kVA

Real power: Total = 00.00000kVA

Total = 00.00000 kVA

4.2.7 System power factor

The system power factor is calculated from the system active power (watts) and the
system apparent power (VA).
The system power factor is signed in accordance with the reactive power and is
calculated as:
pf = [total active power]/[total apparent power]
Range: –1 < 0 < +1
(the sign –/+ indicates lag/lead and not reverse/forward)
(10...160 % Ιn 20...150 %Vn)

Front Panel Remote Access

Measurements

PF = 0.000 PF: 0.000

4.3 Demand values

The M300 provides maximum demand values and a variety of average demand
values (fixed window, sliding window and thermal) for the following electrical
parameters:
• Three phase currents Ιa, Ιb, Ιc
• System import/export active power (Watts)
• System lagging/leading reactive power (VArs)
• System import/export apparent power (VA)
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4.4 Maximum demands

The M300 provides a dedicated DEMAND VALUES menu which is shown below.
In this menu all maximum demand values are recorded.
Front Panel Remote Access

Demand values Demand values

Demands for Demands for previous period

previous period

Maximum demands Maximum demands since last reset

since last reset

Maximum demands for Maximum demands for present day

present day

Maximum demands for Maximum demands for day 1

day 1

Maximum demands for Maximum demands for day 2

day 2

Maximum demands for Maximum demands for day 3

day 3

Maximum demands for Maximum demands for day 4

day 4

Maximum demands for Maximum demands for day 5

day 5

Maximum demands for Maximum demands for day 6

day 6

Maximum demands for Maximum demands for day 7

day 7

4.4.1 Maximum demand for previous period demand

Demands for
previous period

The DEMANDS FOR PREVIOUS PERIOD menu stores the maximum demand values
from the previous demand period. The demand quantities stored are:
• kW (import and export)
• kVAr (lagging and leading)
• kVA
• Power factor
• Ιa, Ιb and Ιc
4.4.2 Maximum demand since last reset
Maximum demands
since last reset

The menu stores the maximum demand value for all of the above electrical
quantities. The maximum demand value also incorporates its corresponding time
stamp sub-cell showing when the maximum demand value was recorded.
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4.4.3 Maximum demands for present day

Maximum demands for
present day

The maximum demand value for the present day is also recorded in the M300. All
electrical quantities are available in this menu.
4.4.4 Maximum demands for days 1 to 7
Maximum demands for
day *

The DEMAND VALUES menu contains the maximum demand values for the
previous 7 days. The required day can be selected (between 1 and 7) and the
maximum demand values for that day can be viewed. Each new day will be
included with the oldest day being deleted.
4.5 Average demands
The average demand values are displayed in the MEASUREMENTS menu.
Front Panel Remote Access

Demand Demand calculation

calculation

Function: Function: sliding window

sliding window

Demand Demand subperiods: Sliding window only

subperiods: 30 min
30 min

Demand period: Demand period: Sliding window only

15 subperiods 15 subperiods

Demand period: Demand period: Setting required for

30 min 30 min fixed window and
thermal only

The function can be set to fixed window, sliding window or thermal demand. The
M300 will indicate the choice shown below.
Front Panel Remote Access

Function: Function: fixed window

fixed window

Function: Function: sliding window

sliding window

Function: Function: thermal characteristic

thermal

4.5.1 Fixed window

The fixed interval method provides an average demand value over the selected
time period. The average demand values calculated are displayed in the
MEASUREMENT column.
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Fixed window

Load (kW)

6:00 6:10 6:20 6:30

Time

Figure 4. Fixed window

The demand period can be set over the range 1 to 99 minutes. The M300 will
then calculate the average demand over that particular period. It should be noted
that the starting point at switch on for example is the instantaneous value. The
example above shows a varying load over the demand period. The dotted line
shows the average demand that will be displayed by the MEASUREMENT menu.
(If the load was constant over the demand period, then the average demand line
would be a straight line.) Once the demand period is complete a new demand
period will begin. The demand for the previous period will be displayed by the
DEMAND VALUES menu. The starting point for the new demand period will be the
instantaneous value.
4.5.2 Sliding window
The sliding window technique enables the user to divide the demand period into a
number of sub-periods. The average demand value over the demand period is
displayed, however, after the initial demand period has elapsed, the demand
value will be updated by the addition of a further sub-period, thus creating a
'sliding window' measurement.
For example if the total demand period is 30 minutes (consisting of 5 subperiods
of 6 minutes duration), after the first 5 subperiods have elapsed a new window will
be added and the oldest window will be deleted, thus creating a sliding window.
The setting applied to the relay in this example would be:
Function:
sliding window

The selection of sliding window demand calculation would show:

Demand
subperiods:
** min
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The demand subperiod setting will only be visible if the sliding window function is
selected. This setting will select the subperiod time of each 'window' in the demand
period. This can be set over the range 1 to 99 minutes.
Demand period:
15 subperiods

The demand period setting selects the number of windows (subperiods) used. This
can be set from 1 to 15.
4.5.3 Thermal demand
The thermal demand option will provide an exponential thermal characteristic over
the set demand period. The demand setpoint establishes the time to reach 99% of
the demand value.

Demand

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1

Time (demand period)

Figure 5. Thermal demand exponential curve

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4.6 Alarms
To assist with the monitoring of the power system up to 4 alarm groups may be
independently set, these are referred to as set-point groups. Each group has 8
elements which can be independently set, high or low, to monitor the following
measurements :
Phase volts, line volts, negative phase sequence volts, %THD volts, phase current,
neutral current, negative phase sequence current, demand current, %THD current,
Watts, vars, VA, Wh, VArh, demand Watts, demand VAr, demand VA, demand
power factor, frequency, dc input.
Each element has an associated high level and low level set-point (the high level
set-point must be set higher than the low level set-point). Multiple measurements
can be entered into each group and operation of any of the elements will cause an
alarm to be raised.
An element operates when either the high level or the low level set-point is
exceeded. Settings may be assigned to the high and low levels such that the
element is made uni-directional.
The setting limits for all alarm parameters are from 0 to 200.0% with the exception
of the following :
Total Real and Reactive Power: - 200.0% to +200.0%
Total Power Factor: -100.0% to 100.0%
Total Demand Power Factor: 0 to 100.0%
Frequency: 80.0% to 120.0% (55Hz is 100%)
A delay can be assigned to each group, the delay setting gives both the operate
and reset time. This enables the alarm to be indicated if an element high or low set-
point remains operated for a duration longer than would normally be expected.
The setting range of the delay is 1 to 60s. Any of the output relays can be
assigned to indicate the alarm condition.
To avoid incorrect operation of the alarms, if the connection mode is changed, the
elements are disabled automatically.
For the M301, the ‘set-point’ LED on the front panel indicates when any element
operates for the full duration of the set time delay. The set-point exceeded LED is
latched. The trip LED will indicate and also latch after the same time delay (if an
output relay is assigned to that alarm group). An indication of which alarm has
operated is given on the LCD display, by pressing the READ key, and via the
communications link.
For the M302 details of the alarm status are available via the communications link.
4.6.1 Alarms: Example 1 - alarm on high level only
To raise an alarm if the negative phase sequence current exceeds 5% for 10s.
To ensure an alarm is not raised for a balanced load condition, the low level
set-point can be set to 0%.
Using element one of the first set-point group :
Under SETPOINT GROUP 1, set first element ‘Setpoint G1, E1’ to Amps (NPS). The
delay should be set to 10s as required. Then, set the high level set-point to 5% and
the low level set-point to 0%. The menu will read as shown below:
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Front Panel Remote Access

Setpoint group 1 Setpoint group 1

Setpoint Group 1 delay: Delay: 10sec

10 sec

Setpoint G1, E1: Element 1: Amps(NPS)

Amps(NPS)

Setpoint G1, E1: High level: 5.0%

High level: 5.0%

Setpoint G1, E1 Low level: 0.0%

Low level: 0.0%

4.6.2 Alarms: Example 2 - alarm on low level only

To raise an alarm after 30 seconds if the demand power factor falls below 0.7.
An alarm is not required for an operation at unity power factor.
To ensure an alarm is not raised for a operation at unity power factor, the high
level set-point can be set to 1.0 = 100%.
When an alarm is assigned to power factor, unity power factor is taken to be
100%. Therefore, the percentage settings should be calculated as follows :
For the low level: 0.7 x 100 = 70%
For the high level: 1.0 x 100 = 100%
Using element one of the first set-point group:
Under SETPOINT GROUP 1, set first element ‘Setpoint G1, E1’ to MD PF. The
delay should be set to 30s as required. Then, set the high level set-point to 100%
and the low level set-point to 70%. The menu will read as shown below:
Front panel Remote access

Setpoint group 1 Setpoint group 1

Setpoint group 1 delay: Delay: 30 sec

30 sec

Setpoint G1, E1: Element 1: MD PF

MD PF

Setpoint G1, E1 High level: 100.0%

High level: 100.0%

Setpoint G1, E1 Low level: 70.0%

Low level: 70.0%

Note: A reversal in power flow will cause the power factor to read negative. In
this example, it has been assumed that the power flow cannot reverse.
4.6.3 Alarms: Example 3 - alarm on high and low levels
To raise an alarm if the frequency falls below 47Hz or raises above 51Hz after a
time delay of 10s.
When an alarm is assigned to frequency, 55Hz is taken to be 100%. Therefore,
the percentage settings should be calculated as follows:
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For the low level : 47/55 x 100 = 85%

For the high level : 51/55 x 100 = 93%
Using element one of the first set-point group :
Under SETPOINT GROUP 1, set first element ‘Setpoint G1, E1’ to Frequency.
The delay should be set to 10s as required. Then, set the high level set-point to
93% and the low level set-point to 85%. The menu will read as shown below:
Front panel Remote access

Setpoint group 1 Setpoint group 1

Setpoint group 1 delay: Delay: 10 sec

10 sec

Setpoint G1, E1: Element 1: Frequency

Frequency

Setpoint G1, E1 High level: 93.0%

High level: 93.0%

Setpoint G1, E1 Low level: 85.0%

Low level: 85.0%

Section 5. METERING

5.1 Energy metering

The measurement centre provides comprehensive energy metering facilities.
The energy meters are continuously running and give accumulated values for both
active and reactive power as follows:
• Import energy (kWh)
• Export energy (kWh)
• Import energy (kVArh)
• Export energy kVArh)
These values can be displayed on the front panel or sent via the communications.
Where the optional output relays have been fitted, these can be used to provide a
pulsed output indicative of the accumulated energy.
The energy meters are reset by using the 'reset energy meters' command under the
SYSTEM COMMANDS MENU or from an opto-isolated input (where fitted) defined
for energy synchronisation. The menu function is password protected to prevent
unauthorised resetting of the energy meters.
The cells display values up to ±999999999 (ie. = 999999999kWh primary,
999999999Wh secondary) before they overflow to zero. The internal register is
incremented every 8 cycles, whereas the display is refreshed every 0.5s.
The contents of each register is stored to non-volatile memory at the end of each
day. Additionally, in the event of power failure, the import/export energy will be
stored in non-volatile memory.
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Front Panel Remote Access

Measurements

Import energy = Import energy = 000000.00kWh

000000.00 kWh

Export energy = Export energy = 000000.00 kWh

000000.00 kWh

Import energy = Import energy = 000000.00kVArh

000000.00 kVArh

When an output relay is used for pulsed operation of an energy value, the settings
for the energy value are visible in the menu. Those which are not used are not
displayed.
If the desired pulse rate is set to 400pph at a full scale value of 10kW, for a
constant load of 10kW over 1 hour, 10kWh would be accumulated in the import
or export energy register (depending on the direction of power flow). The output
relay would have given 400 pulses.
For pulsed operation the settings enable the pulse duration, pulse rate and scaling
value to be set. The settings are independent for each energy measurement
enabling different pulse rates, energy levels, etc. to be assigned for each
parameter.
The pulse duration may be set to be 100ms, 200ms or 400ms.
The pulse rate may be set between 1 and 4000 pulses per hour (in 1 pulse steps).
It is recommended that for maximum overloads on the system the pulse rate does
not exceed 4000pph.
The scaling value can be used to adjust the 100% level to the required power level
at which the pulse rate is quoted. The 100% value is calculated from the VT and
CT ratings as follows:
(except for connection modes 0 and 6 - single and two phase systems)
where V and I are the primary VT and CT ratings respectively. The VT rating is
P (100%) = √3xVxΙ
entered as a phase-phase quantity.
For single phase systems (where connection mode 0 is applied) the 100% value is
taken to be:
where V and I are the primary VT and CT ratings respectively. The VT rating is
entered as a phase-neutral quantity.
P (100%) = V x Ι

For two phase systems (where connection mode 6 is applied) the 100% value is
taken to be:
where V and I are the primary VT and CT ratings respectively. The VT rating is
entered as a phase-phase quantity.
P (100%) = 2xVxΙ
√3
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Front panel Remote access

Relay outputs Relay outputs

Relay 1 assignment: Relay 1

Setpoint group 1 Assignment: Setpoint group 1

Relay 1 label: Label: Relay output 1

Relay Output 1

Relay 1 contacts: Contacts: Normally open

Normally open

Relay 2 assignment Relay 2

Pulsed import kWh Assignment: Pulsed import kWh

Relay 2 label: Label: Relay output 2

Relay output 2

Relay 2 contacts: Contacts: Normally open

Normally open

Relay 3 assignment: Relay 3

Pulsed import kVArh Assignment: Pulsed import kVArh

Relay 3 label: Label: Relay output 3

Relay output 3

Relay contacts: Contacts: Normally open

Normally open

Relay 4 label: Label: Relay output 4

Relay output 4

Relay 4 contacts: Contacts: Normally open

Normally open

Import kWh pulse Import kWh

Duration: 100ms Pulse duration: 100ms

Import kWh pulse Pulse rate: 4000pph

Rate: 4000pph

Import kWh full Full scale: 200.0%

Scale: 200.0%

Export kWh pulse Export kWh

Duration: 100ms Pulse duration: 100ms

Export kWh pulse Pulse rate: 4000pph

Rate: 4000pph

Export kWh full Full scale: 200.0%

Scale: 200.0%

Import kVArh pulse Import kVArh

Duration: 100ms Pulse duration: 100ms

Import kVArh pulse Pulse rate: 4000pph

Rate: 4000pph

Import kVArh full Full scale: 200.0%

Scale: 200.0%
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Export kVArh pulse Export kVArh

Duration: 100ms Pulse duration: 100ms

Export kVArh pulse Pulse rate: 4000pph

Rate: 4000pph

Export kVArh full Full scale: 200.0%

Scale: 200.0%

5.1.1 Energy metering: Example - assigning pulsed output relays

A pulsed output relay is required to provide 400 pulses per hour corresponding to
2MWh (export). The pulses will be of 100ms duration each. The VT ratio will be
11kV/415V, whilst the CT ratio will be100/5A.
The RELAY OUTPUTS menu is used to select the appropriate relay for pulsed export
kWh. The pulse duration can then be set to 100ms followed by the repetition rate.
The repetition rate is calculated as follows:
P (100%) = √ 3 x V x Ι = √ 3 x 11000 x 100 = 1.9MW
The example requires the full load value to be set to 2MW. Therefore the full scale
value can be set to:
2 x 100
= 105%
1.9
The desired pulse rate of 400 pulses per hour can be used.

5.2 Tariff metering

The M300 provides a comprehensive range of tariff metering with a maximum of 8
rate registers and 48 events.
It is also possible to provide up to 12 seasonal tariff variations with 12 season
switching events. The unit provides 8 fixed day and 8 fixed date exclusions.
The design of the M300 follows standard metering practice and provides tariffs for
kWh and kVArh. The tariff data will be stored to non-volatile memory during a
power failure.
Consider the following example:
Change Date Switching Event

Season Month Day Switching Time Day Active Rate Registers

Winter Nov 28 08:00 Mon - Thu 1 and 2

16:00 Mon - Thu 3 and 4

16:00 Fri 5

Summer March 29 06:00 Mon - Thu 1 and 2

22:05 Mon - Thu 3 and 4

22:05 Fri 5

Set up the M300 using the TARIFF SETTING menus as follows:

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5.2.1 Rate registers

The M300 contains a total of eight rate registers which can be configured to
monitor import or export kWh or kVArh. The following table shows the settings
using the RATE REGISTER SOURCE menu.
Front Panel Remote Access

Rate register data Rate register data source

source

Rate register 1: Rate register 1: Export total kWh

Export total kWh

Rate register 2: Rate register 2: Import total kVArh

Import total kVArh

Rate register 3: Rate register 3: Export total kWh

Export total kWh

Rate register 4: Rate register 4: Import total kVArh

Import total kVArh

Rate register 5: Rate register 5: Export total kWh

Export total kWh

5.2.2 Rate switching events

A switching event is the term given to a stimulus that will cause the M300 to switch
a rate register on or off. There are a total of 48 events which can be set to operate
any of the 8 rate registers for a period of time defined in the event itself.
The example below shows the use of 5 rate registers which are controlled by the
setting of the events.
The application requires that for the Winter season between Monday and
Thursday 4 rate registers are used. The first kWh and kvarh rate registers are
operative from 08.00 and the second kWh and kvarh rate registers are operative
from 16.00. From Friday at 16.00 until the following Monday a kWh rate registers
is operative using a weekend rate.
For the Summer season between Monday and Thursday the first kWh and kvarh
rate registers are operative from 06.00 and the second kWh and kVArh rate
registers are operative from 22.05. From Friday at 22.05 until the following
Monday a kWh rate registers is operative using a weekend rate.
The internal clock of the M300 allows real time setting of the events. For the
example shown then a total of 9 events would be used for each season giving a
total of 18 events, the setting of these events is via the RATE SWITCHING MENU
as shown in Tables 3 and 4 below.
The events are displayed in blocks of 12. (ie. 1-12, 13-24, 25-36 and 37-48)
When setting the event it is also necessary to set the rate register that will be
activated during that event. When this cell is entered it is possible to scroll through
the 8 rate registers and assign either a 1 or 0 to a particular rate register (1 being
enabled and 0 being disabled).
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5.2.2.1 Activation day

Event 1 activation
Day: ******

The possible states of the activation day setting cell shall be ‘Disabled’, ‘Monday’,
‘Tuesday’, ‘Wednesday’, ‘Thursday’, ‘Friday’, ‘Saturday’ or ‘Sunday’.
5.2.2.2 Activation hour
Event 1 activation
Hour: ******

This setting cell shall be variable from 0-23 hours in one hour steps.
5.2.2.3 Activation minute
Event 1 activation
Minute: ******

This setting cell shall be variable from 0-59 minutes in one minute steps.
5.2.2.4 Rates
Event 1 rates:
↓

This setting cell shall display the state of each rate register. A ‘1’ shall indicate
active whilst a ‘0’ inactive.
The ‘←‘ and ‘→‘ symbols indicate that the user can scroll left or right through each
of the rate register states in a cyclic manner using the left and right arrow keys
respectively. The ‘″‘ symbol indicates that the user can return to the Rate Register
cell.
↑←→
Event 1 rate reg 1:1

↑←→
Event 1 rate reg 2:1

↑←→
Event 1 rate reg 3:0

↑←→
Event 1 rate reg 4:0

↑←→
Event 1 rate reg 5:0

↑←→
Event 1 rate reg 6:0

↑←→
Event 1 rate reg 7:0

↑←→
Event 1 rate reg 8:0

5.2.2.5 Event 1 rate register setting cell

The user shall be able to enter setting mode in the normal manner from any of
these menus. When in setting mode the user shall see the display shown below (the
particular rate register number displayed shall depend on where the setting mode
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was entered from). The left and right arrow keys are used to scroll through the rate
registers in a cyclic manner and the up and down arrow keys used to toggle the
setting value between ‘0’ and ‘1’. The setting changes are accepted in the normal
manner.
←→
Event 1 rate reg 1:1

The following tables show how the rate switching events are set up for the tariff
metering example given. Winter season rate switching events are set up as:
Front Panel Remote Access

Rate switching Rate switching events 1 - 12

events 1-12

Event 1 activation Event 1

Day: Monday Activation day: Monday

Event 1 activation Activation hour: 08.00

Hour: 08.00

Event 1 activation Activation minutes: 0

Minute: 0

Event 1 rates: Rates: 00000011

↓

↑←→
Event 1 rate reg 1:1

↑←→
Event 1 rate reg 2:1

Event 2
Event 2 activation Activation day: Monday
Day: Monday

Event 2 activation Activation hour: 16.00

Hour: 16.00

Event 2 activation Activation minutes: 0

Minute: 0

Event 2 rates: Rates: 00001100

↓

↑←→
Event 2 rate reg 3:1

↑←→
Event 2 rate reg 4:1

Event 9
Event 9 activation Activation day: Friday
Day: Friday

Event 9 activation Activation hour: 16.00

Hour: 16.00

Event 9 activation Activation minutes: 0

Minute: 0
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Event 9 rates: Rates: 00010000

↓

↑←→
Event 9 rate reg 5:1

Events 1 and 2 are set for Monday 08:00 and 16:00; events 3 and 4 are set for
Tuesday 08:00 and 16:00; events 5 and 6 are set for Wednesday 08:00 and
16:00; events 7 and 8 are set for Thursday 08:00 and 16:00. Event 9 is set for
Friday 16.00.
Summer Season rate switching events are set up as:
Front Panel Remote Access

Rate switching Rate switching events 1 - 12

events 1-12

Event 10
Event 10 activation Activation day: Monday
Day: Monday

Event 10 activation Activation hour: 06.00

Hour: 06.00

Event 10 activation Activation minutes: 0

Minute: 0

Event 10 rates: Rates: 00000011

↓

↑←→
Event 10 rate reg 1:1

↑←→
Event 10 rate reg 2:1

Event 11
Event 11 activation Activation day: Monday
Day: Monday

Event 11 activation Activation hour: 22.00

Hour: 22.00

Event 11 activation Activation minutes: 5

Minute: 5

Event 11 rates: Rates: 00001100

↓

↑←→
Event 11 rate reg 3:1

↑←→
Event 11 rate reg 4:1

Event 12
Event 12 activation Activation day: Tuesday
Day: Tuesday

Event 12 activation Activation hour: 06.00

Hour: 06.00
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Event 12 activation Activation minutes: 0

Minute: 0

Event 12 rates: Rates: 00000011

↓

↑←→
Event 12 rate reg 1:1

↑←→
Event 12 rate reg 2:1

Rate switching Rate switching events 13-24

events 13-24

Event 13
Event 13 activation Activation day: Tuesday
Day: Tuesday

Event 13 activation Activation hour: 22.00

Hour: 22.00

Event 13 activation Activation minutes: 5

Minute: 5

Event 13 rates: Rates: 00001100

↓

↑←→
Event 13 rate reg 3:1

↑←→
Event 13 rate reg 4:1

Event 18
Event 18 activation Activation day: Friday
Day: Friday

Event 18 activation Activation hour: 22.00

Hour: 22.00

Event 18 activation Activation minutes: 5

Minute: 5

Event 18 rates: Rates: 00010000

↓

↑←→
Event 18 rate reg 5:1

Events 10 and 11 are set for Monday 06:00 and 22:05; events 12 and 13 are set
for Tuesday 06:00 and 22:05; events 14 and 15 are set for Wednesday 06:00
and 22:05; events 16 and 17 are set for Thursday 06:00 and 22:05. Event 18 is
set for Friday 22:05. The remaining events would be disabled.
5.2.3 Season switching events
It is likely that a basic switching event list will be inadequate in different months of
the year. For example, in the winter daylight hours could be comparatively short
and temperatures cooler. Lighting and heating equipment will therefore be
switched on for longer periods. It is feasible that active hours for a particular rate
in a tariff structure will vary from season to season. To allow for this seasonal
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variation then seasonal switching of events would be a distinct advantage.

The M300 is able to provide a maximum of 12 seasonal switching events which
can be configured in via the LCD display or the remote software.
The SEASONAL SWITCHING EVENT menu is shown below.
Front Panel Remote Access

Season switching Season switching events

events

Event 1
Event 1 Month: November
Month: November

Event 1 Day of month: 28

Day of month: 28

Event 1 New season: 1

New season: 1

Event 2
Event 2 Month: March
Month: March

Event 2 Day of month: 29

Day of month: 29

Event 2 New season: 2

New season: 2

The settings above show that season 1 begins on November 28th. This season will
continue until season 2 begins on March 29th.
The above menu is used to assign the months of the year to a particular season.
The available settings for each parameter are as follows:
5.2.3.1 Month
Event 1
Month: ******

This setting cell enables the user to select from ‘Disabled’, ‘January’, ‘February’,
‘March’, ‘April’, ‘May’, ‘June’, ‘July’, ‘August’, ‘September’, ‘October’,
‘November’, and ‘December’.
5.2.3.2 Day of month
Event 1
Day of month: **

This setting cell allows the user to select in steps of 1 day from 1-31 days.
5.2.3.3 New season
Event 1
New season: **

This setting cell has a range of 1-12 in steps of one.

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5.3 Switching events in season

The settings so far only specify to the M300 when a season begins and ends. The
events which are to be used for a particular season will also need to be specified.
As already described there are a total of 48 events which can be set in the normal
way. Once the events are set the SWITCHING EVENTS IN SEASON menu is used
to assign a set of events to a particular season.
The following table shows the settings for the tariff metering example.
Front Panel Remote Access

Switching events in Switching events in season

Season

Switching events in Season 1: 9

Season 1: 9

Switching events in Season 2: 9

Season 2: 9

From the example above the events in season 1and 2 are shown. It can be seen
that season 1 is using 9 events and season 2 is using 9 events. The events are used
in sequential order therefore season 1 will automatically use in this case the first 9
events. These settings can be seen in the RATE SWITCHING EVENT menu.
Season 2 is set to use 9 events, therefore the events used from the RATE
SWITCHING EVENT menu will be 10 to 18.
5.3.1 Fixed date exclusions
In addition to providing a facility to alter rate switching times according to fixed
seasons, there may also be a requirement to change them based on special days
or exclusion dates.
Christmas day for example may fall on a normal weekday. The normal weekday
tariff may not be applicable if the organisation concerned shuts down for general
holiday and therefore uses little or no electricity. An exclusion date would therefore
be required.
The M300 allows an exclusion date to be entered and allows the user to select a
season and a day to be used for that particular date.
Change to
Exclusion Date Season Day
25 Dec Winter Sun
The example above shows an exclusion date of 25 December. On this date the
season selected would be winter and the tariff rate used would be that of a
Sunday in the Winter period. With this setting therefore December 25 could occur
on any day of the week but a Sunday tariff rate will be used.
The M300 provides the user with up to 8 fixed date exclusions. These dates are
entered in the FIXED DATE EXCLUSION menu shown in the following table.
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Front panel Remote access

Fixed date exclusion Fixed date exclusion

Exclusion 1:

Exclusion 1 Month: January

Month: January

Exclusion 1 Day of month: 25

Day of month: 25

Exclusion 1 Season to use: 1

Season to use: 1

Exclusion 1 Day to use: Sunday

Day to use: Sunday

5.3.1.1 Month cell

Exclusion 1
Month: ******

This setting cell is used to select the fixed date exclusion month. The cell’s possible
states are ‘Disabled’, ‘January’, ‘February’, ... ‘December’.
5.3.1.2 Day of month cell
Exclusion 1
Day of month: **

This setting allows the user to select the fixed date exclusion day of month.
The cell’s possible states are ‘1, ‘2, ... ‘31’.
5.3.1.3 Season to use cell
Exclusion 1
Season to use: *

This setting cell allows the user to select the fixed date exclusion season to use.
The cell’s possible states are ‘1’, ‘2’, ... ‘12’.
5.3.1.4 Day to use cell
Exclusion 1
Day to use: ******

This setting cell enables the user to select the fixed date exclusion day to use.
The cell’s possible states are ‘Monday’, ‘Tuesday’, ... ‘Sunday’.
5.3.2 Fixed day exclusions
Where some exclusion dates are fixed to an exact calendar date, others may
coincide with a particular day in a particular week of the year. The M300
provides a fixed day exclusion which is not dependant on any particular date.
For example the Monday of week 23 could be a national holiday every year
however the date of that particular day will vary. Using the FIXED DAY
EXCLUSIONS menu it is possible to input this data to exclude that particular day
from the selected season and assign it revised tariff. The M300 as the facility for 8
day exclusions.
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Front Panel Remote Access

Fixed day exclusion Fixed day exclusion

Exclusion 1:

Exclusion 1 Week: 23
Week: 23

Exclusion 1 Day: Monday

Day: Monday

Exclusion 1 Season to use: 1

Season to use: 1

Exclusion 1 Day to use: Sunday

Day to use: Sunday
. .
5.3.2.1 Week cell
Exclusion 1
Week: **

This setting cell is used to select the fixed day exclusion week. The cell’s possible
states are ‘Disabled’, ‘1’, ‘2’, ... ‘52’.
5.3.2.2 Day cell
Exclusion 1
Day: ******

This setting allows the user to select the fixed day exclusion day. The cell’s possible
states are ‘Monday’, ‘Tuesday’, ... ‘Sunday’.
5.3.2.3 Season to use cell
Exclusion 1
Season to use: *

This setting cell allows the user to select the fixed day exclusion season to use.
The cell’s possible states are ‘1, ‘2’, ... ‘12’.
5.3.2.4 Day to use cell
Exclusion 1
Day to use: ******

This setting cell enables the user to select the fixed day exclusion day to use.
The cell’s possible states are ‘Monday’, ‘Tuesday’, ... ‘Sunday’.
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Section 6. POWER QUALITY

6.1 Introduction
Power quality is a generic term used to cover a variety of disturbances and
distortions that might have a negative effect on the operation of the power
distribution system or the connected load.
Examples of typical disturbances are :
• Supply interruptions -
Complete loss of voltage for a period of time
• Voltage sag -
Reduction in RMS voltage for durations of 1/2 cycle to 2s
• Voltage swell -
Increase in RMS voltage for durations of 1/2 cycle to 2s
• Harmonics -
Components of a periodic ac voltage or current wave whose frequencies are
integral multiplies of the fundamental
• Transients -
A subcycle disturbance of either polarity that may be additive to or subtractive
from the nominal ac waveform - ie. a voltage spike.
• Noise -
Unwanted electrical signals (interference) on the steady state voltage waveform
• Poor power factor -
The power is the ratio between useful power (W) and the apparent power (VA).
The M300 has been specifically designed to assist in the monitoring of the power
supply and to provide sufficient information for its effective management.
In addition to the comprehensive instrumentation facilities offered, the M300 also
includes a waveform recorder which can be triggered by any of the M300s
setpoint elements, and full event recording facilities for monitoring the quality of the
power supply.
When assessing power quality a number of common measurements are used:
• Total harmonic distortion (% THD) - for a voltage or current waveform
• % THD = RMS of harmonic/RMS of Fundamental
• Displacement power factor - only the fundamental frequency is considered
PF = Watts(fundamental)/VA (fundamental)
• Apparent power factor - includes the effect of harmonics
PF’ = Watts (total)/VA (total)
• K-factor
K-factor = (harmonic current2 x harmonic number2)/∑ (harmonic current2)
• Crest Factor
Crest Factor = Peak current/RMS Current
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Due to the ever increasing use of electronic loads, computers, variable frequency
drives, converters etc., on the power system the harmonic content of the power
system waveforms need careful monitoring.
Harmonics can lead to significant waveform distortion and can have a variety of
adverse effects on plant and power system operation. Typical effects on items of
plant include:
Motors/Generators:
Reduced efficiency
Vibration
Over heating
Malfunctions or failures
Transformers:
Overheating
Possible overfluxing
Reduced efficiency
Capacitor banks:
Overheating
Circuit breakers:
Incorrect/nuisance tripping
Failure of circuit breakers
In addition, on 3 phase 4 wire systems harmonic currents from individual phases
can summate in the neutral, sometimes leading to dangerously high neutral
currents resulting in;
• possible overheating of the neutral conductor
• higher than normal voltage drop between neutral and earth at socket
outlets (or receptacles)
Knowledge of the harmonic distribution allows action to be taken to prevent the
above and increase the life expectancy of connected plant.
The M300 provides real time harmonic analysis, up to the 15th harmonic.
The relative amplitude of each harmonic is sent via the communication port.
The percentage total harmonic distortion (%THD) is available on the front panel,
and via the communications port. For examination of harmonics above the
fifteenth, it is possible to derive values, off-line, up to the 60th harmonic. An alarm
can be set to activate at a particular %THD level
Depending on the connection mode selected, the unit can also be set to alarm on
high levels of neutral current.
The system power factor is a measure of the useful energy being supplied to a
load. It is expressed as the ratio between real power and apparent power. It is
common for supply authorities to penalise for poor power factors through the
levying of additional charges for the use of reactive energy and/or excessive
maximum demand.
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Power factor correction equipment, consisting of banks of either automatically

switched or fixed capacitors, is often used to improve the system power factor
avoiding the levying of additional charges. The facilities provided by the M300 to
alarm (and provide an output contact if required) on maximum demand and system
power factor levels provides an essential tool in the management of the power
system.
When power factor correction equipment is installed on a site where significant
waveform distortion occurs, due to the levels of harmonics present, harmonic
monitoring facilities can provide essential information to prolong the life of the
equipment. Capacitors provide a low impedance path to harmonics and hence act
as a harmonic sink. If this situation is permitted to exist the increase in thermal
demand on the PF capacitors can significantly reduce their life expectancy.
Knowledge of the levels of harmonics present under various system configurations
can lead to effective management of the PF equipment. In addition, certain system
configurations could lead to the setting up of parallel resonance conditions, PF
capacitors with incoming transformers, and further amplification of the harmonic
levels present.
6.2 Event recording
The unit stores the last 100 events in a record, which may be accessed via either
the communications or from the front panel. These are given under the VIEW
RECORDS menu, as shown below.
An event is defined as the operation/reset of any set-point after its associated time
delay, the out of service alarm, any opto isolated input (where applicable), any
output relay (where applicable).
The menu displays the history of events. The first two cells display the number of
records available and give the option to reset all records respectively. If there are
no records present the menu simply displays the number of records as ‘0’.
The following cells display the relevant alarm data, eg. Setpoint Group, Element,
Value, etc., and a link to the associated date and time stamp.
Front Panel Remote Access

View records View records

Number of records: Number of records: 49

49

'CLEAR' to clear Clear all records: No

Event records

0: Frequency ↓ 0: Frequency tracking failed

Tracking failed 17-Feb-1997 09:23:21

1: G1, E1 high trip ↓ 0: G1, E1 high trip Van = 0.000kV

Van = 0.000kV 17-Feb-1997 09:23:21

2: G2, E2 low trip ↓ 0: G1, E1 low trip MD lead = 00.00000kVAr

MD lead = 00.00000kVAr 17-Feb-1997 09:23:21

46: G3, E5 high reset ↓ 46: G1, E1 high reset MD (+) = 00.00000kVA
MD (+) = 00.00000kVA 17-Feb-1997 09:23:21

47: G4, E1 low reset ↓ 47: G1, E1 low reset total = 00.00000kVA
Total = 00.00000kVA 17-Feb-1997 09:23:21
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48: Relay O/P status ↓ 48: Relay O/P status 0110

0110 17-Feb-1997 09:23:21

49: Opto I/P status ↓ 49: Opto I/P status 01

01 17-Feb-1997 09:23:21

6.3 Waveform recording

There are 10 channels of waveform recording, namely:
6 x analogue inputs (depending on the connection mode)
1 x dc input (if applicable)
opto inputs (if applicable)
2 x alarm status (for the status of the set-point alarm elements)
The waveform recorder can be triggered from SETPOINTS, manually (via
communications or front panel) and status inputs.
When the waveform recorder is triggered from SETPOINTS, the trigger is taken
after associated set point delay has elapsed.
The waveform recorder can be set to record either 48 or 24 samples per cycle.
By selecting the lower sample rate more cycles of data may be stored. The record
configuration can be selected from:
Samples per cycle 48 24

No. of records and record length 1 record, 36 cycles 1 record, 72 cycles

2 records, 18 cycles 2 records, 36 cycles

3 records, 12 cycles 3 records, 24 cycles

4 records, 9 cycles 4 records, 18 cycles

The number of post trigger cycles is adjustable between zero and the maximum
number of cycles for the record configuration selected.
Recording stops when all the records are full. Reading or extraction of records will
not clear the records until they are specifically cleared by the operator via the
‘Clear Disturbance Records’ command at the user interface under the
DISTURBANCE RECORDER menu.
Waveform records are volatile, hence they will be lost if power to the unit is
removed.
To ensure the unit accuracy is maintained with temperature variation there is an
automatic calibration routine which is initiated every minute. This lasts for 8 cycles.
If this occurs during the period before the recording is triggered then the 8 cycle
information will be tagged as invalid. After a trigger is received the temperature
compensation routine is disabled so no information is lost.
6.4 Detailed waveform analysis mode
In this mode the M300 will provide two cycles worth of samples for one phase
only (both voltage and current samples are recorded depending on the system
configuration). It is triggered manually by selecting the appropriate phase under
the SYSTEM COMMANDS menu from either the front panel or via the
communications. The record is cleared by selecting the ‘Clear Disturbance
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Records’ command under the DISTURBANCE RECORDER menu. The user is

provided with waveform data on the voltage and current waveforms for a
particular phase from which they can extract harmonics up to at least the 60th
harmonic. (The waveforms are sampled at a rate of 192 samples per cycle.)
This data is available as integer sample values and scaling factors.

Section 7. INPUTS/OUTPUTS

7.1 Opto inputs (optional)

The M300 can provide two opto inputs which can be configured to be used for
real time clock synchronisation, demand/energy synchronisation, pulse counting,
or volt free contact sensing. The user can define a label up to 14 characters long
for the opto inputs using the appropriate Opto Input Label command under the
OPTO INPUTS MENU.
Front Panel Remote Access

Opto input 1: Opto input 1: logic level

Logic level

Opto input 1 label: Label: CB status

CB status

7.1.1 Real time clock synchronisation

A real time clock with a resolution of 1ms provides date and time stamping of all
records. An opto input can be assigned to clock synchronisation to maintain a
good correlation with other unit clocks used on the system. This function is
activated by selecting the clock sync option for the appropriate opto input.
Front Panel Remote Access

Opto input 1: Opto input 1: Clock sync

Clock Sync

Real time clock synchronisation is rising edge input triggered (ie. by applying a
low to high transition voltage pulse to an optically isolated input). The rate can be
selected from the range 30 seconds, 1, 5, 10, 15, 30 and 60 minutes. The time
and date code will be synchronised to the voltage pulse. A maximum clock
synchronisation interval can be set which enables an alarm to be indicated if a
synchronisation pulse has not been received within a certain period of time.
This interval is selectable between 1 day and 31 days.
For example, if a pulse is to be used to synchronise the clock to the nearest minute,
and an alarm is to be raised if a synchronisation pulse is not given within 1 week,
the settings shown in table would be applied. The associated opto-isolated input
would have to be configured for clock synchronisation (as shown in the table
above).
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Front panel Remote access

Real time clock: Real time clock: 16/Mar/1997 10:34:50

16-Mar-1997
10:34:50

Clock synch: Clock synch: 1 min

1 min

Max clock synch: Max clock synch interval: 7 days

Interval: 7 days

7.1.2 Demand/energy synchronisation

The opto inputs can be assigned to demand synchronisation, energy
synchronisation or both energy and demand synchronisation.
When an opto input defined for demand synchronisation is energised all the
maximum demand values accessed through the DEMAND VALUES menu heading
will be reset to zero. The demand period is also reset, and the average values are
calculated as for a new period at the start of a week.
The energy meters can be reset from an opto-isolated input defined for energy
synchronisation. All four energy meters are reset when the associated input is
energised.
These operations are often performed at the end of a billing period. To assign an
opto input 1 for both demand and energy synchronisation:
Under the OPTO INPUTS MENU, set Opto Input 1 to Energy & Demand Sync.
Front Panel Remote Access

Opto input 1: Opto input 1: Energy & demand sync

Energy & demand sync

Opto input 1 label Label: opto input 1

Opto input 1

7.1.3 Pulse counting

The opto inputs can also be used for pulse counting.
Front Panel Remote Access

Opto input 1: Opto input 1: pulse counter

Pulse counter

Opto input 1 label: Label: opto input 1

Opto input 1

The pulse count is displayed with the measurements. The counters are reset using
the CLEAR to Reset Pulse Counts command under the SYSTEM COMMANDS menu.
This command will clear all the pulse registers in use. Therefore, if both the opto
inputs are being used for pulse counting, both registers will be reset by this
command.
The pulses may be provided by an energy meter with pulsed output contacts.
The pulse count is displayed as follows:
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Front Panel Remote Access

Pulsed input 1 = Pulsed input 1 + 0000000000

0000000000

The cells display values up to 9999999999 before they overflow to zero.

7.1.4 Volt-free contact sensing
An opto isolated input may be assigned to monitor volt-free contacts by connecting
them in series with an appropriately rated auxiliary supply.
Front Panel Remote Access

Opto input 1: Opto input 1: logic levels

Logic levels

Opto input 1 label: Label: opto input 1

Opto input 1

The status of the opto input is displayed under SYSTEM DATA, as shown below.
Front panel Remote access

System data System data

Language: Language: English

English

Opto I/P status: Opto input status

01 ↓

Opto 1: 1
Opto 2: 0

For example, the status of the opto input may be used to indicate circuit breaker
status by using a spare 52-a contact. In this configuration, a logic 1 would indicate
the circuit breaker is closed. Using a 52-b contact would reverse the logic such that
a logic 1 indicates the circuit breaker is open.
7.2 DC input (optional)
To monitor an analogue signal from an external transducer with a 2 wire output an
optional DC input is available. The measured DC input value can be displayed on
the front panel (as a percentage of full scale) and sent via the communications port
to a remote control station. An alarm can also be assigned to this measurement
(please refer to the alarms section).
DC input range when hardware options 2 or 3 are selected (factory set internally
via jumper link):
0 ... 200mV
0 ... 5V
0 ... 250V
0 ... 20mA
7.2.1 DC input: Example 1 - external transducer current input (0 ... 20mA)
The unit can be configured to accept a 0 ... 20mA current input from an external
transducer.
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If the external transducer has a full scale of 20mA equivalent to 1MW, a reading
of 50% is equivalent to 500kW.
7.2.2 DC input: Example 2 - 200mV DC shunt
The unit can be configured to accept a 200mV input.
If the shunt has a full scale of 200mV equivalent to 100A, a reading of 50% is
equivalent to 50A.
7.3 Relay outputs (optional)
Four output relays are available which can be independently configured as
watchdog, pulsed output or alarm group. The output contact can be defined as
being normally open or normally closed, except when the relay is used for the
watchdog. When an output relay is defined as the watchdog the output contact
will be closed while the unit is healthy and open to indicate the unit is inoperative.
A label up to 14 characters long can be defined for the relay output using the
Relay Output 1 Label command under the RELAY OUTPUTS MENU, except when
the relay is used for the watchdog.
Front panel Remote access

Relay outputs Relay outputs

Relay 1
Relay 1 assignment: Assignment: setpoint group1
Setpoint group 1

Relay 1 label: Label: relay output 1

Relay output 1

Relay 1 contacts: Contacts: normally open

Normally open

To assign relay 1 to raise an alarm when any element in setpoint group 1 operates
select Setpoint Group 1 from the RELAY OUTPUTS menu for Relay 1 as shown in
the table above. With normally open contacts selected, the output contact closes
when an alarm element remains operated for the associated group delay.
The section on energy metering describes the setting of the relay outputs for pulsed
operation.
7.4 Analogue transducer outputs (optional)
The M300 can provide up to 4 analogue current outputs (option), which can
alleviate the need for separate transducers. These may be used to feed standard
moving coil ammeters (such as those in our Metrik range) for analogue indication
of certain measured quantities or into a SCADA using an existing analogue RTU.
The analogue outputs may be independently set. The settings enable the outputs to
be defined in terms of the following:
1. Measured quantity
2. Full scale as a percentage of the measured quantity
3. Single or dual slope
4. Output current range
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Front panel Remote access

Analog outputs Analog outputs

Analog output 1: Analog output 1: Qt

Qt

Analog output 1: Full scale: 50.0%

Full scale: 50.0%

Analog output 1 Slope: single

Slope: single

Analog output 1 Span: 0 ...10mA Uni

Span: 0...10mA Uni

Analog output 4: Analog output 4: Van

Van

Analog output 4 Full scale: 120.0%

Full scale: 120.0%

Analog output 4 Slope: dual

Slope: dual

Analog output 4 X-Breakpnt: 60.0%

X-Breakpnt: 60.0%

Analog output 4 Y-Breakpnt: 20.0%

Y-Breakpnt: 20.0%

Analog output 4 Span: 0 ...10mA Uni

Span: 0...10mA Uni

7.4.1 Measured quantity

The analogue outputs may be defined to be proportional to any of the following
measurements:
a) Frequency
b) Total Real Power (Pt), Reactive power (Qt), and Apparent power (St).
c) Power factor (PF)
d) Phase currents (Ιa, Ιb,Ιc and Ιn)
e) Phase-neutral voltages (Van, Vbn and Vcn)
f) Line voltages (Vab, Vbc and Vca)
Some of the above measurements are not available in certain connection modes,
and therefore cannot be used as the measured quantity for the analogue outputs.
Please refer to the connection modes section of the applications chapter. An
analogue output may be disabled if it is not required.
The measurements under items b) and c) above (except apparent power, St) can
be bi-directional. By using the bi-directional single slope analogue outputs,
indication for power reversal and reversal in reactive power flow can be provided.
If the power factor becomes negative, then it is an indication of power reversal not
a change from a lagging power factor to a leading power factor.
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7.4.2 Full scale as a percentage of the measured quantity

The relationship of the output current to the value of the measurand is of vital
importance and needs careful consideration. Any receiving equipment must, of
course, be used within its rating but, if possible, some kind of standard should be
established.
One of the objectives must be to have the capability to monitor the voltage over a
range of values, so an upper limit must be selected, typically 120%. However, this
may lead to difficulties in scaling an instrument.
The same considerations apply to current transducers and with added complexity
to watt transducers, where both the voltage and current transformer ratios must be
taken into account.
Some of these difficulties do not need to be considered if the transducer is only
feeding, for example, a SCADA outstation. Any equipment which can be
programmed to apply a scaling factor to each input individually can accommodate
most signals. The main consideration will be to ensure that the transducer is
capable of providing a signal right up to the full-scale value of the input, that is, it
does not saturate at the highest expected value of the measurand.
The full scale can be set between 1 and 200% in 0.1% steps of the measured
quantity. This scaling value can be used to adjust the full scale level to the required
level.
The 100% value for the power measurements is calculated from the VT and CT
ratings as follows :
a) For 3 phase systems
P (100%) = √3xVxΙ
(except for Connection Modes 0 and 6 - single and two phase systems)
where V and Ι are the primary VT and CT ratings respectively (the VT rating is
entered as a phase-phase quantity).
b) For single phase systems (where Connection Mode 0 is applied) the 100%
value is taken to be:
P (100%) = V x Ι

where V and Ι are the primary VT and CT ratings respectively (the VT rating is
entered as a phase-neutral quantity).
c) For two phase systems (where Connection Mode 6 is applied) the 100% value
is taken to be:

P (100%) = 2xVxΙ
√3
where V and Ι are the primary VT and CT ratings respectively (the VT rating is
entered as a phase-phase quantity).
7.4.3 Single or dual slope
The transducer output may be defined as either single or dual slope. When the
output is defined as dual slope, the X and Y break points may be adjusted, and the
output current range can only correspond to a uni-directional input. The dual slope
characteristic enables the output current range to be more sensitive around a
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particular measured value. Please refer to Figure 8.

If the uni-directional option is used with the following measurements the output
current will level out at its minimum value if the measured value goes negative:
Real Power, Reactive Power and Power Factor

y (output current)

Ιmax

Ιmin x
Full (measured quantity)
scale

Figure 6: Uni-directional measurement, single slope

y (output current)

Ιmax (100%)

0.5(Ιmax - Ιmin) + Ιmin

(50%)

Ιmin (0%)
x
- Full scale 0 Full scale (measured quantity)

Figure 7: Bi-directional measurement, single slope only

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y (output current)

Ιmax

Ιmin
0 x break-point Full scale x
(measured quantity)

Figure 8: Uni-directional measurement, dual slope

7.4.4 Output current range

The majority of transducers in use today are of the current output type. This means
that the correct value of output will be maintained whatever the value of the load
resistance. Of course, this only applies over the load range specified by the
manufacturer. The range of load resistance varies a great deal, depending on the
design and the value of output current. Transducers with a full scale output of
10mA will normally feed any load up to a value of 1000Ω (compliance voltage of
10V). This equates to a cable length of 15km (approximately) for lightweight cable
(1/0.6mm cable). A screened cable earthed at one end only is recommended to
reduce interference on the output current signal. The table below gives typical
cable impedances/km for common cables. The compliance voltage dictates the
maximum load that can be fed by a transducer output. Therefore, the 20mA output
will be restricted to a maximum load of 500Ω approximately.
Cable 1/0.6mm 1/0.85mm 1/1.38mm
CSA (mm2) 0.28 0.57 1.50
R (Ω/km) 65.52 32.65 12.38
The receiving equipment, whether it be a simple moving-coil (DC milli-ammeter)
instrument or a remote terminal unit forming part of a SCADA system, can be
connected at any point in the output loop and additional equipment can be
installed at a later date (provided the compliance voltage is not exceeded) without
any need for adjustment of the transducer output.
Where the output current range is used for control purposes, it is sometimes
worthwhile to fit appropriately rated diodes, or Zener diodes, across the terminals
of each of the units in the series loop to guard against the possibility of their
internal circuitry becoming open circuit. In this way, a faulty unit in the loop does
not cause all the indications to disappear because the constant current nature of
the transducer output simply raises the voltage and continues to force the correct
output signal round the loop.
SERVICE MANUAL R8605B
M301, M302 Volume 1
Chapter 2
Page 47 of 48

The output current range may be set as follows :

0 ... 10mA
0 ... 20mA
4 ... 20mA
Each range may be set to correspond to either a uni-directional or bi-directional
measurement as shown below. If dual slope operation is selected then the
bi-directional options are not available.
The 4 ... 20mA range is often used so that an output current is still present when
the measured value falls to zero. This is to give a fail safe indication and may be
used to distinguish between the analogue transducer output becoming faulty and
the measurement falling to zero.
Front Panel Remote Access

Analog output 1: Analog output 1span: 0...10mA Uni

Span: 0 ...10mA Uni

Analog output 1: Analog output 1span: 0...20mA Uni

Span: 0 ...20mA Uni

Analog output 1: Analog output 1span: 4...20mA Uni

Span: 4 ...20mA Uni

Analog output 1: Analog output 1span: 0...10mA Bi

Span: 0 ...10mA Bi

Analog output 1: Analog output 1span: 0...20mA Bi

Span: 0 ...20mA Bi

Analog output 1: Analog output 1span: 4...20mA Bi

Span: 4 ...20mA Bi
 M301, M302
System Analysis and Measurement Centre
Service Manual

Chapter 3
Description
SERVICE MANUAL R8605A
M301, M302 Volume 1
Chapter 3
Contents

1. SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1
1.1 Hardware description 1
1.2 Software description 2
1.2.1 RTOS 2
1.2.2 System services 2
1.2.3 Main software 2
1.3 Functional modules 2
1.3.1 Front panel (M301 only) 2
1.3.2 DSP PCB 2
1.3.3 Analogue I/O & PSU PCB 3
1.3.4 Rear PCB 3
1.3.5 Relay side PCB 4
1.3.6 CT side PCB 4
1.4 Self supervision and diagnostics 4
1.4.1 Start up 4
1.4.2 Normal operation 4
1.5 Communication software 4
1.5.1 Physical connections 4
1.5.2 RS232/IEC870 5
1.5.3 RS485/K-Bus 5
1.6 Personal computer support software 6
FIGURE 1 PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARDS 1
FIGURE 2 PANEL CUT-OUT DETAILS 7
FIGURE 3 LAYOUT OF PCBS INSIDE UNITS 8
FIGURE 4 LAYOUT OF HARDWARE MODULES 1: M301 8
FIGURE 5 LAYOUT OF HARDWARE MODULES 2: M302 9
SERVICE MANUAL R8605A
M301, M302 Volume 1
Chapter 3
Page 1 of 10

Section 1. SYSTEM OVERVIEW

1.1 Hardware description

Both the M301 and M302 are housed in 192 x 144 mm plastic housings.
The M301 case is suitable for panel mounting, and the M302 can be either DIN
rail or surface mounted. The M300 contains a number of printed circuit boards as
shown in Figure 1.

Front panel

MiCOM M300

OUT OF SERVICE

SETPOINT

TRIP

ALARM

CLEAR
READ
ENTER

Ribbon cable

Interconnect PCB DSP PCB Interconnect PCB

Output relays Current transformers

Filter circuits
C
C o
o Microprocessor circuitry Connector
n
Connector n n
n Analogue to digital conversion e
e c
c
t Serial communication control t
o
o r
r

Analogue I/O and PSU

PCB

C C
Power supply circuitry o
o
n Analogue outputs n
n Isolated dc input n
Connector e Status inputs e
c c Connector
t t
o o
r r

Input /output PCB

Terminal blocks for

C external connections C
o Communication drive circuitry o
n n
n n
e
Isolated power supply to e
c communications c
Connector t Connector
t
o Voltage transformers o
r r

Figure 1 Printed circuit boards

SERVICE MANUAL R8605A
M301, M302 Volume 1
Chapter 3
Page 2 of 10

1.2 Software description

The software can be considered to be made up of three sections:
Real Time Operating System (RTOS)
System services
Main software
1.2.1 RTOS
The unit uses a proprietry Real Time Operating System which is responsible in part
for controlling the communication between the software tasks through the use of
operating system messages. It is also used to schedule the processing of the tasks
to ensure that they are processed in the time available and in the desired order of
priority.
1.2.2 System services
The system services software provides the interface between the hardware and the
higher-level functionality of the main software. For example, the system services
software provides drivers for items such as the Liquid Crystal Display, the keypad
and remote communication ports, and controls the boot of the processor and
downloading of the processor code into SRAM from non-volatile flash EPROM at
power up.
1.2.3 Main software
The main software is split into tasks.
Measurements & Calibration
Non-Volatile Memory Manager
Power Up Initialisation & Background Self-Checking
Event Record Manager
Modbus User Interface
Courier User Interface
Front Panel User Interface
Real Time Clock & Calendar (including Tariff Control Service)
Disturbance Recorder & Waveform Capture
1.3 Functional modules
1.3.1 Front panel (M301 only)
This consists of a membrane keypad with embedded LEDs and a liquid crystal
display (LCD) module fixed to an aluminium plate. The interface to this
construction from the DSP PCB is via two ribbon cables.
1.3.2 DSP PCB
The M300 is based around a TMS320C32 floating point, 32-bit digital signal
processor (DSP) operating at a clock frequency of 40MHz. This powerful
processor performs all of the calculations for the device, including measurement
functions, control of the data communication and user interface including the
operation of the LCD, keypad and LEDs. The memory provided is split into two
categories, volatile and non-volatile. The volatile memory is fast access (zero wait
state) SRAM which is used for the storage and execution of the processor software.
SERVICE MANUAL R8605A
M301, M302 Volume 1
Chapter 3
Page 3 of 10

The non-volatile memory is divided into two groups; flash memory where the
software code is stored (and is recalled from each time the unit powers up) and
text and EEPROM memory for the storage of configuration data, present setting
values and metering data during the time the unit is powered down.
This PCB also contains circuitry to convert the analogue input signals to digital
values and the serial communications control circuitry.
The unit has up to seven analogue inputs comprising one dc input and three
voltages and currents. Each analogue input is conditioned by a low pass anti-
aliasing filter before passing to the 18 bit analogue to digital conversion system.
In normal mode each channel is sampled at 48 samples per cycle, synchronised to
the power system frequency with a phase locked loop. The digital data is passed
to the Digital Signal Processor (DSP) for processing through the various
measurement algorithms. In high speed sampling mode the unit processes one
phase of inputs (a voltage and a current) only. These are then sampled at 192
samples per cycle.
Calibration of each channel is performed in software, there are no hardware
adjustments in the unit. The calibration coefficients, which are stored in non volatile
memory after factory calibration, are used by the DSP algorithms to perform
sample by sample compensation.
1.3.3 Analogue I/O + PSU PCB
This PCB has four distinct functions to perform in the device: Power supply rail
provision, analogue outputs, dc input signal conditioning and status inputs. Not all
of these functions are fitted to all of the M300s. The various options of the unit are
created by missing components off a standard printed circuit board.
One of two different versions of the power supply are supplied according to the
needs of a particular customer. These reflect the different power supply sources
that may be used to power the product. Different components need to be fitted to
the PCB to achieve the alternative voltage range.
There are two Opto-isolated status inputs available as an option in the M300s.
These can be used to detect the absence or presence of a signal. The logic levels
being:
Logic “0” 0 ... 12 V
Logic “1” 15 V ... 250 V
The application uses of this input are detailed in Chapter 2.
The four analogue outputs are provided by an optically isolated, serially fed,
digital to analogue converter circuit which is used to provide the input to four
voltage to current amplifiers.
The dc input signal is isolated by an isolation amplifier before being 'bussed' to
the DSP board for processing by the analogue to digital converter.
1.3.4 Rear PCB
The terminal blocks for customer connections are mounted on this PCB along with
the communication drive and voltage transformer circuitry.
The two serial output ports are located on this PCB. The RS232 port is provided
by a 9 pin DIN connector and the RS485 port is provided by a three way terminal
block. The necessary drive circuitry is provided on this board. The RS485
interface supports half-duplex communication and provides optical isolation of the
serial data being transmitted and received.
SERVICE MANUAL R8605A
M301, M302 Volume 1
Chapter 3
Page 4 of 10

The three voltage transformers are mounted on this PCB. The input voltage is
transformed into a proportional one that can be processed by the analogue to
digital converter.
1.3.4 Relay side PCB
There are four output relays available as an option. These relays can be arranged
to operate in response to any, or all, of the available functions by suitably setting
the unit.
1.3.5 CT side PCB
The three current transformers are mounted on the side PCB. Two different versions
of the transformer are available - with a 5A or 1A nominal rating.
1.4 Self supervision and diagnostics
The M300 includes a number of self-monitoring functions to check the operation of
its hardware and software during service. These are included so that if an error or
fault occurs within the device hardware or software the unit will detect it, report the
problem and can attempt to cure it. This is done by the unit performing a
shutdown and restart of its operation. The unit will be out of service for a short
period of time during this operation. Should this fail to cure the problem the unit
will take itself permanently out of service in order to avoid a false operation. This
will be indicated by the “out of service” LED illuminating.
The self-monitoring is implemented in two stages: firstly a thorough diagnostic
check which is performed when the unit is powered up and secondly a continuous
self-checking operation which checks the operation of the critical functions of the
unit whilst it is in service.
1.4.1 Start up
During power up the unit checks that the unit hardware and software is capable of
operating within the specification claimed for the device. The checks include those
on the internal watchdog circuitry, the serial communication controller operating,
whether the settings have been corrupted and that the real time clock is valid.
Should any of these tests fail the “alarm” LED will be illuminated.
1.4.2 Normal operation
During normal run time the unit continuously monitors that the real time clock is
accurate, the internal device memory is operating correctly and other settings and
configuration are correct.
The “out of service” LED will illuminate if there are invalid settings, the calibration
of the unit is invalid or the frequency tracking has failed. The frequency tracking
will fail if the voltage on the A phase falls below the specification minimum. Once
the voltage returns above this limit the unit will operate correctly and the LED reset.
The fact that this condition occurs will be logged by the unit as an event.
1.5 Communication software
1.5.1 Physical connections
The M300 supports two communication ports. Both are located on the rear of the
unit. The 9 pin D type female connector is for local communication via a PC (up to
15m distance), and the three terminal screw connection is for communication over
a longer distance with a master control centre (up to 1000 m distance). The serial
data communications via the ports is handled by a two channel serial
SERVICE MANUAL R8605A
M301, M302 Volume 1
Chapter 3
Page 5 of 10

communication controller integrated circuit (SCC) on the input/output PCB.

This section describes the signal connection to the two ports and the details of the
protocols that can be used with each.
1.5.2 RS232/IEC 870
The connections to the 9 pin D type female connectors are as follows:
COM1 D TYPE Function Comment
PIN Nos.
1 Data Carrier Detect to M300
2 Received Data (RXD) to M300
3 Transmitted Data (TXD) from M300
4 Data Terminal Ready (DTR) from M300
5 Signal Ground (SG) to/from M300
6 Data Set Ready (DSR) to M300
7 Request To Send (RTS) from M300
8 Clear To Send (CTS) to M300
9 Not connected
Shell Protective Gnd. (PG) connect for EMC suppression

The details of the communication port are:

Language Courier ModBus

Transmission mode Asynchronous data Asynchronous data

Signal levels RS232

Message format IEC60870 FT1.2 RTU

Data rate 19.2 kbit/s 19.2 kbit/s

Connection Point-to-point

Cable type Multi-core RS232 serial data cable

Maximum cable length 15m

Isolation 1kV for 1 min

1.5.3 RS485/K BUS

The connections to the 9 pin D type female connectors are as follows:
COM2 Connector Ref. Function

B Input/Output

A Input/Output

SCN Screen for twisted pair cable

SERVICE MANUAL R8605A
M301, M302 Volume 1
Chapter 3
Page 6 of 10

The details of the communication port are:

Language Courier ModBus

Transmission mode Synchronous Asynchronous data

Signal levels RS485

Message format HDLC, FM0 RTU

Data rate 64 kbits/s 19.2 kbits/s

Connection Multidrop (32 units)

Cable type Screened twisted pair

Maximum cable length 1000m

Isolation 2kV for 1 min

1.6 Personal computer support software

There are several personal computer based support software packages in the
MiCOM range which are custom designed for use with the other MiCOM
products:
• MiCOM Measurement Centre setting software is designed for local control of a
single M300 and provides facilities for changing product settings and viewing
measurands. This package communicates via the ModBus protocol.
• MiCOM S1 is designed for local control of a single unit and provides facilities
for operations such as changing settings, programming the protection scheme
logic and extracting disturbance and fault records. This package
communicates via the Courier protocol.
• MiCOM S10 provides substation-wide communication with many MiCOM
products and is capable of extracting and displaying measurements from an
entire substation. Also MiCOM S1 can be combined with MiCOM S10 to
allow control of the settings for all MiCOM devices within a substation.
SERVICE MANUAL R8605A
M301, M302 Volume 1
Chapter 3
Page 7 of 10

MiCOM M300

142.5 OUT OF SERVICE

SETPOINT

TRIP

ALARM

CLEAR
READ
ENTER

119.5
136.4
193.5 186 + 1.1

Panel cut-out details

138 + 1.0

239.5

COM1 COM2
MiCOM M300

12 B A SCN 13

11 14

10 15

9 16

8 17

7 18 142.5
6 19

5 20

4 21

3 CURRENT 22

2 MA LA MB LB MC LC 23 RESET

1 24

145.0

Figure 2 Panel cut-out details

SERVICE MANUAL R8605A
M301, M302 Volume 1
Chapter 3
Page 8 of 10

CT/
Interconnect PCB Transformer PCB
Ribbon cable to be
connected between
LCD and PL1/PL2
Power supply/
input/output PCB Membrane ribbon
Relay/ tail to connect with PL3
interconnect PCB
DSP PCB

Figure 3 Layout of PCBs inside units

Module

LCD module

Case rear

Case body

LCD cable Assembly Procedure:

assembly
1. Slide module into the case and push home.
2. Press fit LCD module to frontplate.
3. Attach cable assembly to LCD.
4. Plug membrane tail and LCD ribbon cable into module.
5. Screw frontplate to case.
Membrane keyboard 6. Stick down corners of membrane keyboard.
and frontplate assembly 7. Clip front bezel to the case.

Front bezel

Figure 4 Layout of hardware modules 1: M301

SERVICE MANUAL R8605A
M301, M302 Volume 1
Chapter 3
Page 9 of 10

4 off M2 screws
(supplied with case)

Module

4 off M2 screws

DIN rail adapter

plate

Case rear

Case body

Assembly Procedure:
1. Screw case rear and DIN rail adapter plate to case.
2. Slide module into case.
3. Attach frontplate with 4 off mounting screws.
Front plate
4. Press fit front bezel.

Front bezel

Figure 5 Layout of hardware modules 2: M302

 M301, M302
System Analysis and Measurement Centre
Service Manual

Chapter 4
Technical Data
SERVICE MANUAL R8605A
M301, M302 Volume 1
Chapter 4
Contents

1. RATINGS 1
1.1 Inputs 1
2. BURDENS 1
2.1 Thermal withstand 1
2.2 Accuracy 1
2.3 Reference conditions 2
3. TRANSFORMER SETTINGS 2
4. DIGITAL INPUTS (OPTIONAL) 3
5. ANALOGUE INPUT (OPTIONAL) 3
6. DIGITAL OUTPUTS (OPTIONAL) 3
6.1 Contact ratings 3
6.2 Energy measurement output 3
6.3 Alarm output 4
7. ANALOGUE OUTPUTS (OPTIONAL) 4
8. COMMUNICATION PORTS 5
8.1 Port 1 5
8.2 Port 2 5
9. ELECTRICAL WITHSTAND 5
9.1 Insulation 5
9.1.1 Dielectric withstand 5
9.1.2 High voltage impulse 6
9.1.3 Insulation resistance 6
9.2 Interference 6
9.2.1 High frequency disturbance 6
9.2.2 Fast transient disturbance 6
9.2.3 Surge immunity 6
9.2.4 Electrostatic discharge 6
9.2.5 Power frequency interference test 7
9.2.6 Surge withstand capability 7
9.2.7 DC supply interruptions 7
9.2.8 AC supply voltage dips and short interruptions 7
9.2.9 EMC compliance 8
9.2.10 Product safety 8
10. ENVIRONMENTAL WITHSTAND 8
10.1 Atmospheric environment 8
10.1.1 Temperature 8
10.1.2 Humidity 8
10.1.3 Enclosure protection 8
10.2 Mechanical environment 8
10.2.1 Vibration 8
10.2.2 Shock and bump 8
10.2.3 Seismic 8
SERVICE MANUAL R8605B
M301, M302 Volume 1
Chapter 4
Page 1 of 8

Section 1. RATINGS

1.1 Inputs
AC current (Ιn) 1A or 5A
AC voltage (Vn) 63.5 to 440V
13V minimum
500V maximum
Auxiliary voltage (Vx)
Nominal (V) Operative range (V)
dc ac
24V to 70V 19V to 84V
70V to 230V 56V to 275V 56V to 275V

Frequency 45Hz to 65Hz

45Hz to 55Hz or 55Hz to 65Hz

Section 2. BURDENS

AC current <0.4VA at Ιn
AC voltage <0.3VA at Vn
DC auxiliary voltage <12W
AC auxiliary voltage <12VA
Opto-isolated inputs <1W per input
2.1 Thermal withstand
AC current inputs 3Ιn continuous
30Ιn for 3s
AC voltage inputs 1.5Vn continuously
2Vn for 10s
2.2 Accuracy
Current 10 to 160% Ιn ±0.2% of reading
(0 to 160% Ιn nominal)
Voltage 20 to 150% Vn ±0.2% of reading
(0 to 150% Vn nominal)
with a maximum of 500V
Negative phase sequence voltage 20 to 150% Vn ±1% Vn
Negative phase sequence current 10 to 160% Ιn ±1% Ιn
Power (W) 10 to 160% Ιn ±0.5% of reading
20 to 150% Vn ±0.5% of reading
Reactive Power (VArs) 10 to 160% Ιn ±0.5% of reading
20 to 150% Vn ±0.5% of reading
Apparent Power (VA) 10 to 160% Ιn ±0.5% of reading
20 to 150% Vn ±0.5% of reading
SERVICE MANUAL R8605B
M301, M302 Volume 1
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Page 2 of 8

Power factor -1 < 0 < +1 ±0.5%/90º

10 ... 160% Ιn ±0.5%/90º
20 ... 150% Vn ±0.5%/90º
Demand time period 1 min to 99 min ±0.5%
Demand current 10 to 160% Ιn ±0.2% of reading
Demand Watts 10 to 160% Ιn ±0.5% of reading
20 to 150% Vn ±0.5% of reading
Demand vars 10 to 160% Ιn ±0.5% of reading
20 to 150% Vn ±0.5% of reading
Demand VA 10 to 160% Ιn ±0.5% of reading
20 to 150% Vn ±0.5% of reading
Demand Power factor -1 < 0 < +1 ±0.5%/90º
10 to 160% Ιn ±0.5%/90º
20 to 150% Vn ±0.5%/90º
Energy Wh 10 to 160% Ιn ±1.0% of reading
IEC1036 class 1.0 20 to 150% Vn ±1.0% of reading
Energy varh 10 to 160% Ιn ±1.0% of reading
20 to 150% Vn ±1.0% of reading
Frequency 50Hz or 60Hz Fn ±10%
±0.05% of centre scale frequency
% THD up to 15th typically ±1.0% of reading
Harmonics up to 15th typically ±1.0% of reading
DC inputs 0V to 250V DC or 0 ... 20mA
±0.5% of full scale
2.3 Reference conditions
Temperature reference range 0 to 50ºC
Temperature coefficient ± 0.008%/ºC
Nominal range of use -10 to 60 ºC
Auxiliary voltage Nominal DC voltage range
Frequency 50Hz or 60Hz

Section 3. TRANSFORMER SETTINGS

Current transformer primaries 0 to 9999A

Current transformer secondaries 1 to 9A
Voltage transformer primaries 0 to 999999V
Voltage transformer secondaries 1 to 500V
SERVICE MANUAL R8605B
M301, M302 Volume 1
Chapter 4
Page 3 of 8

Section 4. DIGITAL INPUTS (OPTIONAL)

Opto-isolated inputs 2
Range of use 0 to 250V
Logic 1 threshold 12V ±10%
Isolation 2kV rms between inputs and outputs
for 1 minute

Section 5. ANALOGUE INPUT (OPTIONAL)

Voltage input (nominal) 0 to 200mV

0 to 5V
0 to 250V
Current input (nominal) 0 to 20mA
Nominal range of use 0 to 100% Vn
0 to 100% Ιn
Input impedance 0 to 200mV 280kΩ
0 to 5V 25kΩ
0 to 250V 1MΩ

Section 6. DIGITAL OUTPUTS (OPTIONAL)

Output relays 4
6.1 Contact ratings
Make and carry for 0.2s 4500VA
Carry continuous 3A
Break DC: 30W resistive
DC: 15 W inductive (L/R = 0.04s)
AC: 750VA
Subject to maxima of 3A and 300V.
Isolation 500V between elements for 1 minute
2kV rms between inputs and outputs
for 1 minute.
1kV rms for 1 minute across open contacts.
6.2 Energy measurement output
Pick up range 1.7% tolerance ± 0.3%
Pulses per hour (maximum) 4000
Accuracy ±1.0% reading
IEC1036 class 1.0
Reference range 10 to 160% Ιn
20 to 150% Vn
Response time <0.5s
SERVICE MANUAL R8605B
M301, M302 Volume 1
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Page 4 of 8

Outputs available 4 channels as per Wh or VArh

measurements.
Metering information Non volatile storage every 24 hours and on
a power failure.
Re-settable via front of panel or serial link
(if fitted).
6.3 Alarm output
Alarm configurable to V, A, %THD, W, VAr, VA, Wh, varh,
frequency, demand A, demand W,
demand VAr, demand VA,
demand power factor and dc inputs.
Alarm time delays 1 to 60s
Alarm indication
SETPOINT Alarm setpoint exceeded
TRIP Latches when alarm relay operates
OUT OF SERVICE Outside measurement range
Unit failed
Error messages will be displayed on front panel and event flags sent via the
communications interface.
Note Normally closed contacts can be achieved by using reverse logic to drive
the relays. The relay contacts will open if the auxiliary supply is lost.

Section 7. ANALOGUE OUTPUTS (OPTIONAL)

Number of outputs 4
Accuracy ±0.2% of full scale
Reference range 10 to 160% Ιn
20 to 150% Vn
Compliance voltage 10V
Open circuit voltage 25V
Ripple (rms) <0.35%
Response time <1s
Isolation Outputs are commoned
2kV rms between inputs and outputs
for 1 minute.
Measurements available V, Ι, W, contacts.VArs, VA, Power factor,
Hz selected via keypad or communications.
SERVICE MANUAL R8605B
M301, M302 Volume 1
Chapter 4
Page 5 of 8

Section 8. COMMUNICATION PORTS

8.1 Port 1 RS232

Connection Single link
Signal levels RS232
Cable type Screened multi-core
Cable length 15m (maximum)
Connector 9 pin DIN connector
Isolation 1kV rms for 1 minute between all terminals
and earth port and earth.
Courier ModBus
Transmission mode Asynchronous Asynchronous
Message format HDLC RTU
Maximum data rate 19.2kbits/s 19.2kbits/s
8.2 Port 2 RS485
Connection Multi-drop (32 units)
Signal levels RS485
Cable type Screened twisted pair
Cable length 1000m (maximum)
Connector Screw terminals
Isolation 2kV rms for 1 minute between all terminals
and earth
Courier Modbus
Transmission mode Synchronous Asynchronous
Message format HDLC RTU
Maximum data rate 64kbits/s 19.2kbits/s

Section 9. ELECTRICAL WITHSTAND

9.1 Insulation

9.1.1 Dielectric withstand

IEC 60255-5:1977 2kV rms for 1 minute between all terminals
(except the pins of the RS232 port) and
earth.
2kV rms for 1 minute between terminals of
independent circuits including output relay
circuits (except the pins of the RS232 port).
1kV rms for 1 minute across open contacts of
output relays RL1, RL2, RL3, and RL4.
SERVICE MANUAL R8605B
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1kV rms for 1 minute between all pins of the

RS232 port wired together and earth.
1kV rms for 1 minute between all pins of the
RS232 port wired together and all other
terminals.
9.1.2 High voltage impulse
IEC 60255-5:1977 Three positive and three negative impulses of
5kV peak, 1.2/50µs, 0.5J between all
terminals of the same circuit (except the
RS232 port and output contacts); between
independent circuits (except RS232 port);
and between all terminals connected
together and earth (except RS232 port).
Three positive and three negative impulses of
1kV peak, 1.2/50µs, 0.5J between the
RS232 port and earth.
9.1.3 Insulation resistance
IEC 60255-5:1977 >100MΩ
9.2 Interference
9.2.1 High frequency disturbance
IEC 60255-21-1:1988 2.5kV peak applied between all circuits
Class II and III and earth (except RS232 port).
1kV peak applied between the RS232 port
and earth.
1kV peak applied across the terminals of all
circuits (except the RS232 and RS485 ports).
9.2.2 Fast transient disturbance
IEC 60255-22-1:1996 4kV, 2.5kHz applied directly between all
terminals and earth (except for the RS485
and RS232 ports).
4kV, 2.5kHz applied via a capacitive clamp
to the RS485 and RS232 ports.
9.2.3 Surge immunity
EN 61000-4-5:1995
Level III 2kV peak, 1.2/50µs applied between all
circuits and earth.
1kV peak, 1.2/50µs applied between the
terminals of the auxiliary supply, status
inputs, voltage inputs, current inputs, relay
outputs and opto isolated inputs.
9.2.4 Electrostatic discharge
EN 61000-4-2: 1995 8kV air discharge.
Level 3 6kV contact discharge.
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Page 7 of 8

9.2.5 Power frequency interference test

NGTS 2.13 Issue 2 March 1995, 500V applied via a 0.1µF capacitor
Section 5.5.4.5 Class Z between terminals of the following
circuits and earth; auxiliary supply, opto
isolated inputs, status inputs and RS232
port.
250V applied via a 0.1µF capacitor
between terminals of the following circuits;
auxiliary supply, opto isolated inputs and
status inputs.
0.05V applied via an injection network to
the RS485 port.
9.2.6 Surge withstand capability
ANSI/IEEE C37.90.1 (1990) 4kV to 5kV fast transient and 2.5kV
(Reaff 1994) oscillatory applied directly across each input
and earth.
Applied directly across the auxiliary power
supply, opto isolated input and each output
contact.
9.2.7 DC supply interruptions The unit will withstand a 20ms
IEC 60255-11:1979 interruption in the auxiliary supply under
normal operating conditions, without de-
energising.
AC ripple on DC supply The unit will withstand 12% ripple on the
IEC 60255-11:1979 DC auxiliary supply.
9.2.8 AC supply voltage dips &
short interruptions
EN 61000-4-11:1994 The unit will withstand voltage dips of 100%,
60%, and 30%, in the auxiliary power
supply for a duration of 20ms, under normal
operating conditions, without de-energising.
The unit will withstand a 20ms interruption in
the auxiliary power supply, under normal
operating conditions, without de-energising.
SERVICE MANUAL R8605B
M301, M302 Volume 1
Chapter 4
Page 8 of 8

9.2.9 EMC compliance

89/336/EEC
Compliance with the European Commission
Directive on EMC is claimed via the
Technical Construction File route.
The following generic standards were used
to establish conformity.
EN 50081-2:1994 Generic Emission Standard Part 2: Industrial
Environment.
EN 50082-2:1995 Generic Immunity Standard Part 2: Industrial
Environment.
9.2.10 Product safety
73/23/EEC Compliance with European Commission
Low Voltage Directive
EN 61010-1: 1993/A2: 1995
EN 60950: 1992/A11: 1997 Compliance is demonstrated by reference to
generic safety standards.

Section 10. ENVIRONMENTAL WITHSTAND

10.1 Atmospheric Environment

10.1.1 Temperature
IEC 60068-2-1:1990 (cold) Storage and transit -25oC to + 70oC
IEC 60068-2-2:1974 (dry heat) Operating -25oC to +55oC
10.1.2 Humidity
IEC 60068-2-3:1969 56 days at 93% RH and +40oC
10.1.3 Enclosure protection
IEC 60529:1989 IP54 (dust and water protected)
(Front panel only, M301)
IP20 for M302 and rear of M301.
10.2 Mechanical environment
10.2.1 Vibration
IEC 60255-21-1:1988 Response Class 2
Endurance Class 1
10.2.2 Shock and bump
IEC 60255-21-2:1988 Shock response Class 2
Shock withstand Class 1
Bump Class 1
10.2.3 Seismic
IEC 60255-21-3:1993 Class 2
Publication: R8605C

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