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21 SAMPLE
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CBSE FOR CLASS XII
MATHEMATICS (041)

O.P. GUPTA
MATHS (H.), E & C ENGINEERING
INDIRA AWARD WINNER
 A BRIEF SYNOPSIS
Of CONTENTS IN

CBSE 21 SAMPLE PAPERS

For CBSE 2024-25 Exams  Class 12 Maths (041)

Pleasure Test Series

By O.P. Gupta

 Multiple Choices Questions

 Assertion-Reason (A-R) Questions
 Subjective type Questions (2 Markers, 3 Markers & 5 Markers)
 CASE STUDY QUESTIONS (As per Latest format for 2024-25)
 More H.O.T.S. Questions (As per official CBSE Sample Paper)
 Detailed Solutions of 16 Sample Papers
 ANSWERS of 5 Unsolved Sample Papers (with PDF / Video Solutions)

Most of the Pleasure Tests (PTS) are based on the Blueprint - same as that of CBSE
Official Sample Question Paper. Though, in some of the PTS we have adopted
different Blueprint : keeping in mind that the Unitwise weightage is not altered.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
BLUEPRINT

01
Bifurcation of official CBSE Sample Paper
(Session 2024-25)

CBSE SAMPLE PAPER

01
02
(with Step-by-Step Detailed Solutions)
Official Sample Paper issued by CBSE on
05 September, 2024

SOLVED SAMPLE PAPERS

03 22
PTS-01 to PTS-15
(with Step-by-Step Detailed Solutions)
Along with ADDITIONAL PRACTICE QUESTION
PAPERS issued by the CBSE

UNSOLVED SAMPLE PAPERS

PTS-16 to PTS-20
282
04 (with Answers only)
To aid in your learning, PDF / Video
Solutions will be available separately

ANSWERS
05 PTS-16 to PTS-20
314
 XII CBSE S.Q.P. (2024-25)  MATHEMATICS (041)
Prepared by O.P. GUPTA Indira Award Winner
Note : This Bifurcation of Questions is based on Sample Question Paper issued by CBSE on 05 Sept., 2024 for the Board Examinations 2025.

Section A Section B Section C Section D Section E Marks

Chapters (1 mark) (2 marks) (3 marks) (5 marks) (Case Study) for each
(4 marks) unit
MCQ type VSA type SA type LA type Subjective type

Relations & Functions Q37*

 with 3 parts  8
Inverse Trig. Functions Q15, Q20 (A.R.) Q21
Matrices & Determinants Q01, Q02, Q04, Q33
10
Q06, Q07
Continuity & Differentiability Q17, Q19 (A.R.) Q23* Q34*
Applications of Derivatives Q03 Q22 Q26, Q27 Q36*
 with 3 parts 
Integrals Q12, Q13 Q29* 35
Application of Integrals Q18 Q32
Differential Equations Q05, Q14
Vector Algebra Q09, Q10 Q24*, Q25 Q28* 14
3 Dimensional Geometry Q28* Q35*
Linear Programming Q11, Q16 Q30 5
Probability Q08 Q31* Q38 8
 with 2 parts 
Total Marks 20 Marks 10 Marks 18 Marks 20 Marks 12 Marks 80 Marks
* Internal choices given for the concerned questions based on the mentioned topics / units.
 issued by CBSE for Board Exams (2024-25)
Mathematics (041) - Class 12

Time Allowed : 180 Minutes Max. Marks : 80

General Instructions :
1. This Question paper contains five sections - A, B, C, D and E. Each section is compulsory.
However, there are internal choices in some questions.
2. Section A has 18 MCQs and 02 Assertion-Reason (A-R) based questions of 1 mark each.
Section B has 05 questions of 2 marks each.
Section C has 06 questions of 3 marks each.
Section D has 04 questions of 5 marks each.
Section E has 03 Case-study / Source-based / Passage-based questions with sub-parts
(with a total of 4 marks for each Case-study / Source-based / Passage-based question).
3. There is no overall choice. However, internal choice has been provided in
 02 Questions of Section B
 03 Questions of Section C
 02 Questions of Section D
 02 Questions of Section E
You have to attempt only one of the alternatives in all such questions.

SECTION A
(Question numbers 01 to 20 carry 1 mark each.)
Followings are multiple choice questions. Select the correct option in each one of them.
 2025 0 0 
01. If for a square matrix A, A.(adj.A)  0  2025 0  , then the value of A  adj.A is
 
 0 0 2025 
equal to
(a) 1 (b) 2025  1 (c) (2025)2  45 (d) 2025  (2025) 2
02. Assume X , Y , Z, W and P are the matrices of order 2  n , 3  k , 2  p , n  3 and p  k
respectively. Then the restriction on n , k and p so that PY  WY will be defined are
(a) k  3, p  n (b) k is arbitrary, p  2
(c) p is arbitrary, k  3 (d) k  2, p  3
03. The interval in which the function f defined by f (x)  ex is strictly increasing, is
(a) [1, ) (b) ( , 0) (c) ( , ) (d) (0, )
04. If A and B are non-singular matrices of same order with det (A)  5 , then det (B1 A B)2 is equal
to
(a) 5 (b) 52 (c) 54 (d) 55
05. The value of ‘n’, such that the differential equation
dy
xn  y(log y  log x  1); where x , y  R  is homogeneous, is
dx
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
06. If the points (x1 , y1 ) , (x 2 , y 2 ) and (x1  x 2 , y1  y 2 ) are collinear, then x1 y2 is equal to
(a) x 2 y1 (b) x1 y1 (c) x 2 y 2 (d) x1x 2

MATHEMATICIA By O.P. GUPTA : A New Approach in Mathematics 1

CBSE XII Sample Papers (2024-25) By O.P. GUPTA (INDIRA Award Winner)

0 1 c 
07. If A   1 a  b  is a skew-symmetric matrix, then the value of a  b  c 
 
 2 3 0 
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
1 2 1
08. For any two events A and B, if P(A)  , P(B)  and P(A B)  , then P(A | B) equals
2 3 4
3 8 5 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
8 9 8 4
 
09. The value of  if the angle between p  2 i  3ˆj  kˆ and q  iˆ  ˆj  kˆ is obtuse, is
2ˆ

(a)   [0, 1] (b) (0, 1) (c) [0, ) (d) [1, )

     
10. If a  3, b  4 and a  b  5 , then a  b 
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 8
11. For the linear programming problem (L.P.P.), the objective function is Z  4x  3y and the
feasible region determined by a set of constraints is shown in the graph:

Which of the following statements is true?

(a) Maximum value of Z is at R(40, 0).

(b) Maximum value of Z is at Q(30, 20).
(c) Value of Z at R(40, 0) is less than the value
at P(0, 40).
(d) The value of Z at Q(30, 20) is less than the
value at R(40, 0).

dx
12.  1
equals
3 4 2
x (1  x )
1 1
(a)  2 1  x 4  c (b) 1 x4  c
2x 2x
1 1
(c)  1 x4  c (d) 2
1 x4  c
4x 4x
2
7
13.  cosec x dx 
0

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 4 (d) 2

dy
dx
14. What is the general solution of the differential equation e  x ?
(a) y  x log x  c (b) y  x log x  x  c (c) y  x log x  x  c (d) y  x  c
15. The graph drawn below depicts

2 MATHEMATICIA By O.P. GUPTA : A New Approach in Mathematics

 YouTube channel - MATHEMATICIA By O.P. GUPTA  theopgupta.com

(a) y  sin 1 x (b) y  cos 1 x (c) y  cosec1x (d) y  cot 1 x

16. A linear programming problem (L.P.P.) along with the graph of its constraints is shown below.

(Note : The figure is not to scale.)

The corresponding objective function is: Z  18x  10y, which has to be minimized. The
smallest value of the objective function Z is 134 and is obtained at the corner point (3, 8).
The optimal solution of the above linear programming problem ____________.
(a) does not exist as the feasible region is unbounded
(b) does not exist as the inequality 18x  10y  134 does not have any point in common with the
feasible region
(c) exists as the inequality 18x  10y  134 has infinitely many points in common with the
feasible region
(d) exists as the inequality 18x  10y  134 does not have any point in common with the feasible
region
17. The function f :   Z defined by f (x)  [x]; where [.] denotes the greatest integer function, is
(a) continuous at x  2.5 but not differentiable at x  2.5

MATHEMATICIA By O.P. GUPTA : A New Approach in Mathematics 3

CBSE XII Sample Papers (2024-25) By O.P. GUPTA (INDIRA Award Winner)

(b) not continuous at x  2.5 but differentiable at x  2.5

(c) not continuous at x  2.5 and not differentiable at x  2.5
(d) continuous as well as differentiable at x  2.5
18. A student observes an open-air Honeybee nest on the branch of a tree, whose plane figure is
parabolic shape given by x 2  4y. Then the area (in Sq. units) of the region bounded by
parabola x 2  4y and the line y  4 is
32 64 128 256
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 3 3 3
Followings are Assertion-Reason based questions.
In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R).
Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
19. Assertion (A) : Consider the function defined as f (x)  x  x  1 , x   . Then f (x) is not
differentiable at x  0 and x  1.
Reason (R) : Suppose f be defined and continuous on (a , b) and c  (a , b) , then f (x) is not
f (c  h)  f (c) f (c h)  f (c)
differentiable at x  c if lim  lim .
h 0 h h 0 h
  
20. Assertion (A) : The function f :   (2 n  1) : n  Z  ( ,  1]  [1, ) defined by
 2 
f (x)  sec x is not one-one function in its domain.
Reason (R) : The line y  2 meets the graph of the function at more than one point.
SECTION B
(Question numbers 21 to 25 carry 2 marks each.)

21. If cot 1 (3 x  5) , then find the range of the values of x.
4
22. The cost (in rupees) of producing x items in factory, each day is given by
C(x)  0.00013x 3  0.002 x 2  5x  2200
Find the marginal cost when 150 items are produced.
23. Find the derivative of tan 1 x with respect to log x ; where x  (1, ).
OR
 
Differentiate the given function with respect to x : (cos x) x ; where x   0,  .
 2
   ˆ ˆ  
24. ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
If vectors a  2i  2 j  3k , b   i  2 j  k and c  3i  j are such that b   c is perpendicular to

a , then find the value of  .
OR
A person standing at O(0, 0, 0) is watching an aeroplane which is at the point A(4, 0, 3).

At the same time he saw a bird at the point B(0, 0, 1). Find the angles which BA makes with
the x , y and z axes.
25. The two co-initial adjacent sides of a parallelogram are 2iˆ  4ˆj  5kˆ and 2iˆ  2ˆj  3kˆ . Find its
diagonals and use them to find the area of the parallelogram.

4 MATHEMATICIA By O.P. GUPTA : A New Approach in Mathematics

 YouTube channel - MATHEMATICIA By O.P. GUPTA  theopgupta.com

SECTION C
(Question numbers 26 to 31 carry 3 marks each.)
26. A kite is flying at a height of 3 metres and 5 metres of string is out. If the kite is moving away
horizontally at the rate of 200 cm/s, find the rate at which the string is being released.
27. According to a psychologist, the ability of a person to understand spatial concepts is given by
1
A t , where t is the age in years, t   5, 18 . Show that the rate of increase of the ability to
3
understand spatial concepts decreases with age in between 5 and 18.

28. An ant is moving along the vector l1  ˆi  2ˆj  3kˆ . Few sugar crystals are kept along the vector
 
l 2  3iˆ  2ˆj  kˆ which is inclined at an angle  with the vector l1 . Then find the angle  . Also
 
find the scalar projection of l1 on l 2 .
OR
Find the vector and the Cartesian equation of the line that passes through (1, 2, 7) and is
 ˆ and r  3iˆ  3jˆ  7kˆ  (3iˆ  2ˆj  5k).
perpendicular to the lines r  2iˆ  ˆj  3kˆ   (iˆ  2ˆj  5k) ˆ
 1 1 
29. Evaluate :    2
dx ; where x  1.
 log x (log x) 
OR
1
n
Evaluate :  x(1  x) dx ; where n  N.
0

30. Consider the following Linear Programming Problem.

Minimize Z  x  2y
Subject to 2x  y  3, x  2y  6, x , y  0.
Show graphically that the minimum of Z occurs at more than two points.
31. The probability that its rains today is 0.4. If its rains today, the probability that it will rain
tomorrow is 0.8. If it does not rain today, the probability that it will rain tomorrow is 0.7. If
P1 : denotes the probability that it does not rain today;
P2 : denotes the probability that it will not rain tomorrow, if it rains today;
P3 : denotes the probability that it will rain tomorrow, if it does not rain today;
P4 : denotes the probability that it will not rain tomorrow, if it does not rain today.
(i) then find the value of P1  P4  P2  P3 .
(ii) then calculate the probability of raining tomorrow.
OR
A random variable X can take all non-negative integral value and the probability that X takes
the value r is proportional to 5 r . Find P(X  3).
SECTION D
(Question numbers 32 to 35 carry 5 marks each.)
 
32. Draw the rough sketch of the curve y  20 cos 2x ; where x .
6 3
Using integration, find the area of the region bounded by the curve y  20cos 2x from the
 
ordinates x  to x  and the x-axis.
6 3
33. The equation of the path traversed by the ball headed by the footballer is y  ax 2  bx  c;
(where 0  x  14 and a , b, c   and a  0 ) with respect to a XY-coordinate system in the
MATHEMATICIA By O.P. GUPTA : A New Approach in Mathematics 5
CBSE XII Sample Papers (2024-25) By O.P. GUPTA (INDIRA Award Winner)

vertical plane. The ball passes through the points (2, 15), (4, 25) and (14, 15). Determine the
values of a , b and c by solving the system of linear equations in a , b and c , using matrix
method. Also, find the equation of the path traversed by the ball.
3
34. If f :    is defined by f (x)  x , show that f (x) exists for all real x and find it.
OR
3
2
  dy  2

1    
  dx  
If (x  a)  (y  b)  c , for some c  0, prove that 
2 2 2
is a constant independent of
d2 y
dx 2
a and b.
35. Find the shortest distance between the lines l1 and l2 whose vector equations are

r  (  ˆi  ˆj  k) ˆ and r  (3iˆ 5jˆ  7k)
ˆ   (7 ˆi  6ˆj  k) ˆ  (iˆ 2ˆj  k)
ˆ ,
where  and  are parameters.
OR
x  3 y  1 z 1
Find the image of the point (1, 2, 1) with respect to the line   . Also find the
1 2 3
equation of the line joining the given point and its image.
SECTION E
(Question numbers 36 to 38 carry 4 marks each.)
This section contains three Case-study / Passage based questions.
First two questions have three sub-parts (i), (ii) and (iii) of marks 1, 1 and 2 respectively.
Third question has two sub-parts (i) and (ii) of 2 marks each.
36. CASE STUDY I :
Ramesh, the owner of a sweet selling shop, purchased some rectangular card board sheets of
dimension 25 cm by 40 cm to make container packets without top. Let x cm be the length of the
side of the square to be cut out from each corner to give that sheet the shape of the container by
folding up the flaps.
Based on the above information, answer the following equations.
(i) Express the volume (V) of each container as function of x only.
dV
(ii) Find .
dx
(iii) For what value of x, the volume of each container is maximum?
OR
65
(iii) Check whether V has a point of inflection at x  or not?
6
37. CASE STUDY II :
An organization conducted bike race under 2 different categories - boys and girls. In all, there
were 250 participants. Among all of them finally three from Category 1 and two from Category
2 were selected for the final race. Ravi forms two sets B and G with these participants for his
college project.
Let B  {b1 , b 2 , b3}, G  {g1 , g 2 } where B represents the set of boys selected and G the set of
girls who were selected for the final race.
Ravi decides to explore these sets for various types of relations and functions.
On the basis of the above information, answer the following questions.

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 YouTube channel - MATHEMATICIA By O.P. GUPTA  theopgupta.com

(i) Ravi wishes to form all the relations possible from B to G. How many such relations are
possible?
(ii) Write the smallest equivalence relation on G.
(iii) Ravi defines a relation from B to B as R1  {(b1 , b 2 ) , (b 2 , b1 )} . Write the minimum
ordered pairs to be added in R 1 so that it becomes (A) reflexive but not symmetric, (B) reflexive
and symmetric but not transitive.
OR
(iii) If the track of final race (for the biker b1 ) follows the curve x 2  4y ; where 0  x  20 2
and 0  y  200 , then state whether the track represents a one-one and onto function or not.
Justify your answer.
38. CASE STUDY III :
Arka bought two cages of birds: Cage-I contains 5 parrots and 1 owl and Cage-II contains 6
parrots. One day Arka forgot to lock both cages and two birds flew from Cage-I to Cage-II
(simultaneously). Then two birds flew back from Cage-II to Cage-I (simultaneously).
Assume that all the birds have equal chances of flying.
On the basis of the above information, answer the following questions.
(i) When two birds flew from Cage-I to Cage-II and two birds flew back from Cage-II to Cage-I,
then find the probability that the owl is still in Cage-I .
(ii) When two birds flew from Cage-I to Cage-II and two birds flew back from Cage-II to Cage-
I, the owl is still seen in Cage-I, what is the probability that one parrot and the owl flew from
Cage-I to Cage-II.

Analysis of CBSE
Sample Question Paper
(Session 2024-25)

This paper has been issued by CBSE for 2024-25 Board Exams of class 12 Mathematics (041).
Note : We have re-typed the Official sample paper and, also done the necessary corrections at some places.
Apart from that, further illustrations have been added as well in some questions.
If you notice any error which could have gone un-noticed, please do inform us via message
on the WhatsApp @ +919650350480 or, via Email at [email protected]
Let’s learn Math with smile:-)
# O.P. GUPTA, Math Mentor & Author

MATHEMATICIA By O.P. GUPTA : A New Approach in Mathematics 7

 Detailed Solutions for CBSE Sample Paper (2024-25)
SECTION A
01. (d) For a square matrix A of order n  n , we have A.(adj.A)  A In , where I n is the identity
matrix of order n  n .
 2025 0 0  1 0 0 

So, A.(adj.A)  0 2025 0  2025 0 1 0   2025 I3

   
 0 0 2025  0 0 1 
 A I3  2025 I3 i.e., A  2025 .
31
So, adj.A  A  (2025)2 .
Hence, A  adj.A  2025  (2025) 2 .
02. (a) Order of Ppk Y3k will be p  k ; order of Wn3 Y3k will be n  k .
Also when PY is defined, then we must have k  3 ( no. of columns in P  no. of rows in Y).
Hence, order of PY will be p  3 ; order of WY will be n  3 .
For PY  WY to exist, we must have order of PY  order of WY.
That means, we must compare the respective orders of PY and WY to get p  n .
03. (c) f (x)  ex  f (x)  e x
Note that, e x  0  x   .
In the domain (  ) of the function, f (x)  0 .
Hence, the function is strictly increasing in ( , ) .
2 21 2 2
04. (b) det (B1 A B)2  B1AB   B1 A B    B A B   A  52 .
 
dy dy  y 
05. (b) x n  y(log y  log x  1) can be rewritten as x n  y  log e  log e (e) 
dx dx  x 
dy y   y 
  n log e  e     f (x , y) say.
dx x   x 
Hence, f (x , y) will be a homogeneous function of degree 0, if n  1.
dy
Note that, a differential equation of the form  f (x , y) is said to be homogeneous, if f (x , y)
dx
is a homogeneous function of degree 0.
06. (a) When the points (x1 , y1 ) , (x 2 , y 2 ) and (x1  x 2 , y1  y 2 ) are collinear, then we must have
x1 y1 1
x2 y2 1 0
x1  x 2 y1  y 2 1
Expanding along C3 , we get
1.(x 2 y1  x 2 y 2  x1y 2  x 2 y 2 )  1.(x1y1  x1y 2  x1 y1  x 2 y1 )  1.(x1y 2  x 2 y1 )  0
 x1y 2  x 2 y1 .
07. (a) When the square matrix A   a ij  is skew-symmetric matrix, then A T  A i.e., a ij  a ji .
Clearly for the given matrix A, we will have a13   a 31 ; a 23   a 32 i.e., c  2;  b  3 .
That is, b  3; c  2 .
Also all the diagonal elements in a skew-symmetric matrix are always 0, i.e., a 22  a  0 .
So, a  b  c  0  3  2  1.

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1 1
08. (c) P(A)  1  P(A)  ; P(B)  1  P(B) 
2 3
1 1 1 7
Also, P(A  B)  P(A)  P(B)  P(A B)    
2 3 4 12
7
 A  P(A  B) P(A  B) 1  P(A B) 1  12 5
Now P        .
B P(B) P(B) P(B) 2 8
3
 
p.q  
09. (b) For obtuse angle, cos   0 i.e.,    0  p.q  0
p q
So, (2 2 ˆi  3ˆj  k).(i
ˆ ˆ  ˆj  k)
ˆ 0
 2 2  3    0
 2 2  2  0
 2(  1)  0
   (0 , 1) .
 2  2 2 2
10. (c) a  b  a  b  2  a  b   2(9  16)  50
 
  2   2
 52  a  b  50  a  b  50  25  25
 
Hence, a  b  5
 
Alternatively, if we consider a rectangle whose adjacent sides are denoted by a and b . Clearly,
   
the diagonals will be given by vectors a  b and a  b . Also the diagonals in a rectangle are of
    2 2  2
same length. Hence, a  b  a  b  5 . Note that, a  b  32  42  52  a  b .
11. (b)
Corner Points Value of the objective function Z  4x  3y
O(0, 0) 0
R(40, 0) 160
Q(30, 20) 180  Maximum value
P(0, 40) 120
Since the feasible region is bounded so the maximum value of the objective function Z  180 is
obtained at Q(30, 20).
dx dx dx
12. (a) Let I   1
 1
 1
x 3 (1  x 4 ) 2 x 3  x 4 (x 4  1)  2 5 1 2
x  4  1
x 
1 dx dt
Put 1  4  t  4x 5dx  dt  5  
x x 4
1 dt 1
 I    1    2 t  c, where ‘c’ denotes any arbitrary constant of integration.
4 2 4
t
1 1 1
Hence, I   1  4  c   2 1  x 4  c .
2 x 2x

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2a
13. (a) We know,  f (x) dx  0, if f (2a  x)   f (x)
0

Let f (x)  cosec7 x .

Now f (2  x)  cosec7 (2  x)  cosec7 x  f (x) .
2
  cosec7 x dx  0 .
0
dy
14. (b) The given differential equation is e dx  x
dy
Taking logarithm on both the sides, we get log e dx  log x
dy
  log e  log x [ log e  1
dx
So, dy  log x dx
  dy   log x dx
 d 
 y  log x  1dx     log x   1dx  dx [Using by parts method
 dx 
1
 y  x log x    x dx
x
So, y  x log x  x  c .
15. (b) The graph represents y  cos 1 x , whose domain is x  [1, 1] and range is y  [0, ].
16. (d) Since the inequality 18x  10y  134 has no point in common with the feasible region
hence, the minimum value of the objective function Z  18x  10y is 134 at P(3, 8).
17. (d) The graph of the function f :   Z defined by f (x)  [x] is a straight line for all
x  (2.5  h , 2.5  h) where ‘h’ is an infinitesimally small positive quantity. Hence, the function
is continuous and differentiable at x  2.5.
18. (b) Consider the diagram given below.
The required region by the curve x 2  4y is symmetrical
about by y-axis.
4
So, required area (in sq. units)  2 2 y dy
0
4
 3
 y2  64
 4   Sq. units.
3 3
 
 2 0

19. (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
20. (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
SECTION B

21. cot 1 (3 x  5) 
4
 cot (3x  5)  cot 1 1
1

 3x  5  1 [ cot 1 x is strictly decreasing function in its domain

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 3x  4
4
x
3
 4
 x    ,   .
 3
22. Given that C(x)  0.00013x 3  0.002 x 2  5x  2200
The marginal cost function is C(x)  0.00039 x 2  0.004x  5.
Hence, C(150)  0.00039  (150)2  0.004  (150)  5  14.375 (in rupees).
23. Let y  tan 1 x and z  log x .
dy 1 dz 1
Then  2
and,  .
dx 1  x dx x
dy
dy dx
Now 
dz dz
dx
1
dy 1  x 2 x
So,   .
dz 1 1 x2
x
OR
x loge (cos x ) x x log e (cos x)
Let y  (cos x) . Then, y  e e .
dy d
On differentiating both sides with respect to x, we get :  e x loge (cos x)  x log e (cos x)
dx dx
dy  d d 
  (cos x) x log e (cos x)  (x)  x  log e (cos x) 
dx  dx dx 
dy  1 
  (cos x)x log e (cos x)  1  x   ( sin x) 
dx  cos x 
dy
  (cos x)x  log e (cos x)  x tan x  .
dx
 
24. We have b   c  ˆi  2ˆj  kˆ   (3iˆ  ˆj)  ( 1  3 ) ˆi  (2   ) ˆj kˆ
     
Since (b   c)  a so, (b   c).a  0
 {( 1  3 ) iˆ  (2   ) ˆj k}.(2i
ˆ ˆ  2ˆj  3k)
ˆ 0
5
 2(1  3)  2(2  )  3  0    .
8
OR
   
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
BA  OA  OB  (4 i  3k)  k  4i  2k  r say.

r 4 ˆ 2 ˆ 2 ˆ ˆ 1 ˆ
Now r̂    i k i  0j k.
r 2 5 5 5 5
  2 
So, the angles made by the vector r with the x , y and the z-axes are respectively cos1  ,
 5
  1 
cos1 0  and, cos1  .
2  5

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Note that, a unit vector can be expressed as cos  ˆi  cos  ˆj  cos  kˆ .

 
25. Let a  2iˆ  4ˆj  5kˆ and b  2iˆ  2ˆj  3kˆ .
     
Then d1  a  b  4iˆ  2ˆj  2kˆ , d 2  a  b  6ˆj  8kˆ are the diagonals of the parallelogram.
ˆi ˆj kˆ
1   1 1
Now, area of the parallelogram  d1  d 2  4 2 2  4iˆ  32jˆ  24kˆ  2 ˆi  8jˆ  6kˆ
2 2 2
0 6 8
 2 101 Sq.units.
  
Note that, if the second diagonal is taken as d 2  b  a , then too it shall be correct.
SECTION C
26. Let at an instant, the kite is flying at K and the person who is flying the kite is at the point P.
Clearly, PK means the length of string at this instant; whereas AK means the height of kite.
Suppose PA be x metres.
dx
So,  200 cm/s (given).
dt
In KAP, x 2  32  y 2 …(i)
dx dy
 2x  0  2y
dt dt
dy x dx
  
dt y dt
dy  4
    200  160 cm/s .
dt  at y 5 m 5
[ By (i), when y  5 m, x  4 m
So, the rate at which the string is being released is 160 cm/s.
1
27. Given that A  t
3
dA 1 d2A 1
  and, 2
 .
dt 6 t dt 12 t t
d2 A
Clearly  0  t  (5, 18) .
dt 2
This means that the rate of change of the ability to understand spatial concepts decreases (slows
down) with the age.
   (iˆ 2ˆj  3k).(3
ˆ ˆi  2ˆj  k)
ˆ
1  l 1 .l 2 
28. Since   cos   so,   cos1
 l1 l 2  (iˆ 2ˆj  3k)
ˆ (3 ˆi  2ˆj  k)
ˆ
 
 3 4 3  1  10 
   cos1    cos  14 
 1 4  9 9  4 1   
5
  cos 1   .
7

   l2 ˆ ˆ ˆ
Also, the Scalar projection of l1 on l 2  l1 .   (iˆ 2ˆj  3k). ˆ (3i  2 j  k)  3  4  3  10 .
l2 (3iˆ 2ˆj  k)
ˆ 9  4 1 14
OR
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
Note that a line which is perpendicular to the lines given as r  2iˆ  ˆj  3kˆ   (iˆ  2ˆj  5k)
ˆ and
 ˆ ˆ ˆ   
r  3i  3j  7k  (3iˆ  2ˆj  5k)
ˆ has a vector parallel to it, which can be obtained by b  b1  b 2 .
ˆi ˆj kˆ

That is, b  1 2 5  20iˆ  10ˆj  8kˆ .
3 2 5
 Equation of required line passing through the point (–1, 2, 7) in the vector form is given by

r  ˆi  2ˆj  7kˆ  u (10iˆ  5ˆj  4k)
ˆ .
x 1 y  2 z  7
Also, the equation of line in Cartesian form is   .
10 5 4
 1 1  1 1
29.   log x  (log x)2  dx   log x 1dx  (log x)2 dx
1 d  1   1

log x  1dx       1dx  dx  
 dx  log x   (log x)2
dx

x 1 1
  2
 x dx   dx
log x (log x)  x (log x)2
x 1 dx
  2
dx  
log x (log x) (log x) 2
x
  c ; where ‘c’ is any arbitrary constant of integration.
log x
OR
1 1 a a
n n 
0 x (1  x) dx  0 (1  x){1  (1  x)} dx  Using  f (x) dx   f (a  x) dx
 0 0
1 1 1
  (1  x) x dx   x dx   x n 1dx
n n

0 0 0

1 n 1 11 1
  x    x n  2 
n 1 0 n2 0

1 1 1
   .
n  1 n  2 (n  1)(n  2)
30. The feasible region determined by the constraints 2x  y  3, x  2y  6, x  0, y  0 has been
shown below.

The corner points of unbounded feasible region are A(6, 0) and B(0, 3).
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The values of Z  x  2y at these corner points are as follows.

Corner point Value of the objective function
A(6, 0) 6
B(0, 3) 6
Since the feasible region is unbounded. It means, Z  6 may or may not be the minimum value
of Z. To check, let x  2y  6 .
We observe that the region x  2y  6 has no point in common with the unbounded feasible
region. Hence the minimum value of Z  6.
It can be seen that the value of Z at points A and B is same.
When we take any other point on the line-segment joining the points A and B i.e., on the line
x  2y  6 if we take a point (2, 2) say, then also Z  6. Note that, there will be infinite such
points on the line x  2y  6 for which Z  6 .
Thus, the minimum value of Z occurs for more than two points, and it is equal to 6.
31. Since the event of raining today and not raining today are complementary events.
So if the probability that it rains today is 0.4, then the probability that it does not rain today is
1  0.4  0.6 i.e., P1  0.6 .
If it rains today, the probability that it will rain tomorrow is 0.8, then the probability that it will
not rain tomorrow is 1  0.8  0.2 i.e., P2  0.2.
If it does not rain today, the probability that it will rain tomorrow is 0.7 i.e., P3  0.7 ; then the
probability that it will not rain tomorrow is 1  0.7  0.3 i.e., P4  0.3 .
(i) P1  P4  P2  P3  0.6  0.3  0.2  0.7  0.04.
(ii) Let E1 and E 2 be the events that it will rain today and it will not rain today respectively.
Then P(E1 )  0.4 and P(E 2 )  0.6 .
Let A be the event that it will rain tomorrow.
Then P(A | E1 )  0.8 and P(A | E 2 )  0.7 .
We have, P(A)  P(E1 ) P(A | E1 )  P(E 2 ) P(A | E 2 )
 P(A)  0.4  0.8  0.6  0.7  0.74.
The probability of raining tomorrow is 0.74.
OR
1
Given P(X  r)  r .
5
1
Let P(X  r)  k r , where k is a positive constant.
5
1 1 1 1
Then P(r  0)  k 0 , P(r  1)  k 1 , P(r  2)  k 2 , P(r  3)  k 3 , ….
5 5 5 5
As P(X  0)  P(X  1)  P(X  2)  ...  1
 1 1 1 1 
 k  0  1  2  3  ...   1
5 5 5 5 
 1 1 1 
 k  1   2  3  ...   1
 5 5 5 
1 1 1 1
Note that, 1   2  3  ... is an infinite geometric progression, where a  1, r  .
5 5 5 5

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 
a  1  4
Using S  , we get k   1 k  .
1 r 1 1  5
 5
Hence, P(X  3)  P(X  0)  P(X  1)  P(X  2)
4  1 1  4  25  5  1  124
 1   2     .
5 5 5  5 25  125
SECTION D
 
32. Consider the following rough sketch of the curve y  20 cos 2x ; where x .
6 3

/ 4  /3
Now, the Required area   20 cos 2x dx   20 cos 2x dx
 /6 / 4
 
 sin 2x 4  sin 2x  3
 20    20 
 2   2  
6 4

 3  3 
 10  1    10   1
 2   2 
 3  3
 10  1    10 1  
 2   2 
 3
 20  1   Sq. units .
 2 
33. Note that, the points (2, 15), (4, 25) and (14, 15) shall satisfy y  ax 2  bx  c . So, we get
15  4a  2b  c , 25  16a  4b  c and 15  196a  14b  c .
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The set of above linear equations can be represented in the matrix form as AX  B ,
 4 2 1 a  15 
where A  16 4 1 , X  b and B   25 .
   
     
196 14 1 c  15 
Now A  4(4  14)  2(16  196)  (224  784)  40  360  560  240  0  A 1 exists.
 10 12 2   10 12 2 
adj.(A) 1 
Now, adj.(A)   180 192 12 
 A  1
  180 192 12 
A 240
 560 336 16   560 336 16 
Since AX  B implies, X  A 1B
a   10 12 2  15 
  1 
 b  180 192 12   25
  240   
 c   560 336 16  15 
 1

a   10 12 2  3   24   2 
5  1  
 b    180 192 12  5    384   8 
  240     48  
c   560 336 16  3  48  1 
 
 
1
 a   , b  8, c  1 .
2
1
So, the equation of path traversed by the ball becomes y   x 2  8x  1 .
2
3
3  x , if x  0
34. We have f (x)  x   3 .
 x , if x  0
f (x)  f (0)   x3  0 
Now LHD of f (x) at x  0 : lim  lim    xlim ( x 2 )  0
x 0 x 0 x  0
 x   0 

f (x)  f (0)  x3  0 
RHD of f (x) at x  0 : lim  lim    xlim (x 2 )  0 .
x 0 x0 x 0
 x   0

 Lf (0)  Rf (0) so, f (x) is differentiable at x  0 and hence the derivative of f (x) is given
 3x 2 , if x  0

by f (x)   2
.
3x , if x  0
f (x)  f (0)  3x 2  0 
Now LHD of f (x) at x  0 : lim  lim    xlim (3x)  0
x 0 x 0 x 0
 x  0


f (x)  f (0)  3x 2  0 
RHD of f (x) at x  0 : lim  lim    lim (3 x)  0 .
x 0 x 0 x 0
 x  0  x 0
 LHD of f (x) at x  0 and RHD of f (x) at x  0 are both same.
So, f (x) is differentiable at x  0.
 6x , if x  0
Hence, f (x)   .
6x , if x  0
OR

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We have (x  a)2  (y  b)2  c 2 …(i)

On differentiating w.r.t. x, we get 2(x  a)(1  0)  2(y  b)(y  0)  0
 (x  a)  (y  b)y …(ii)
Again differentiating w.r.t. x, we get 1  (y  b)y  (y)2
[1  (y)2 ]
  (y  b)
y
[1  (y)2 ]
Replacing value of (y – b) in (ii), (x  a)   y
y
Substituting values of (x – a) and (y – b) in (i), we get :
2 2
 [1  (y)2 ]   [1  (y)2 ]  2
  y    c
 y   y 
2
 [1  (y)2 ]y   [1  (y)2 ]2  (cy) 2
 (y)2  1 [1  (y)2 ]2  (cy)2
[1  (y)2 ]3
  c2
y2
3
2 2
[1  (y) ]
c
y
3
  dy  2  2
1    
  dx  
c   .
d2y
dx 2
3
  dy  2  2
1    
  dx  
Hence c   is a constant independent of both ‘a’ and ‘b’.
d2y
dx 2
Alternatively, we have (x  a) 2  (y b)2  c 2 , c  0.
Let x  a  c cos  and y  b  csin  .
dx dy
Therefore,  c sin  and  c cos  .
d d
dy dy/dθ
    cot  .
dx dx/dθ
d  dy  d
On differentiating both sides with respect to x, we get      cot  
dx  dx  dx
d2 y d 1
 2  cosec2  cosec2
dx dx csin 
2 3
d y cosec 
 2 
dx c

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CBSE XII Sample Papers (2024-25) By O.P. GUPTA (INDIRA Award Winner)

3
  dy  2  2 3
1    
  dx   1  ( cot )2  2
Now 
d2 y  cosec3
dx 2 c
3
  dy  2  2
1     3 3
  dx   2
c[1  cot ] 2 2
 c (cosec ) 2
 2
    c , which is constant and is independent of
d y  cosec3 cosec3 
dx 2
both a and b.
 ˆ and r  (3iˆ  5jˆ  7k)
35. Given equation of lines are r  (  ˆi  ˆj  k) ˆ   (7 ˆi  6ˆj  k) ˆ   (iˆ  2ˆj  k)
ˆ .
  
ˆ b  7 iˆ 6ˆj  kˆ ; a  3 ˆi  5jˆ  7k,
So a1   ˆi  ˆj  k, ˆ b  ˆi  2ˆj  kˆ .
1 2 2

ˆi ˆj kˆ
   
Now a  a  4 ˆi  6ˆj  8k,
2 1
ˆ b  b  7 6 1  4 ˆi  6ˆj  8kˆ .
1 2

1 2 1
   
(a 2  a1 ).(b1  b 2 ) (4iˆ  6ˆj  8k).(
ˆ 4iˆ  6ˆj  8k)
ˆ
Hence, S.D.    
b1  b 2 16  36  64

4  (2iˆ  3jˆ  4k).(

ˆ 2iˆ  3jˆ  4k)
ˆ
 S.D. 
116
4  4  9  16 58
 S.D.    2 29 units .
2 29 29

Alternatively, Given that equation of both the lines are r  (  ˆi  ˆj  k)
ˆ   (7 ˆi  6ˆj  k)
ˆ ...(i) and

r  (3iˆ  5jˆ  7k)
ˆ  (iˆ  2ˆj  k)
ˆ ...(ii)
The given lines are non-parallel lines as the vectors 7 ˆi  6ˆj  kˆ and ˆi  2ˆj  kˆ are not parallel.

There is a unique line segment PQ, P lying on line (i) and Q on

the other line (ii), which is at right angles to both the lines. PQ
is the shortest distance between the lines.
Hence, the shortest possible distance between the lines  PQ.


Let the position vector of the point P lying on the line r  (  ˆi  ˆj  k) ˆ   (7 ˆi  6ˆj  k)
ˆ where ‘  ’
is scalar, is (7  1)iˆ  (6  1) ˆj (  1)kˆ , for some  and the position vector of the point Q

lying on the other line given by r  (3iˆ  5ˆj  7k) ˆ   (iˆ  2ˆj  k)
ˆ where ‘  ’ is a scalar, is
(  3) ˆi  ( 2  5) ˆj (  7) kˆ , for some  .
  
Now the vector PQ  OQ  OP  (  3  7  1) ˆi  ( 2  5  6  1) ˆj (  7    1) kˆ

i.e., PQ  (  7  4) ˆi  ( 2  6  6) ˆj (    8) kˆ .

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 
Since PQ is perpendicular to both the lines (i) and (ii), so the vector PQ is perpendicular to
both the vectors 7iˆ  6ˆj  kˆ and ˆi  2ˆj  kˆ .
Therefore, (  7  4).7  (2  6  6).(6)  (    8).1  0
   
and, (  7  4).1  (2  6  6).(2)  (    8).1  0 [ a  b implies a .b  0
 10  43  0 and, 3  10  0
On solving the above equations, we get     0 .
So, the position vector of the points P and Q are ˆi  ˆj  kˆ and 3iˆ  5ˆj  7kˆ respectively.

Hence, PQ  4iˆ  6ˆj  8kˆ .

Therefore, required shortest distance is PQ  42  62  82  116  2 29 units.
OR
Let P(1, 2, 1) be the given point and L be the foot of the perpendicular from P to the given line
AB (as shown in the figure).
x  3 y  1 z 1
Let’s put    .
1 2 3
Then x    3, y  2  1, z  3  1 .
Let the coordinates of the point L be (  3, 2  1, 3  1).
So, the direction ratios of PL are given by
(  3  1, 2  1  2, 3  1  1) i.e., (  2, 2  3, 3) .
The direction ratios of the given line AB are 1, 2 and 3 .
The line AB is perpendicular to PL.
Therefore, we have (  2).1  (2  3).2  (3).3  0
   2  4  6  9  0
 14  4  0
2
 .
7
 23 3 13 
Therefore, coordinates of the point L are  ,  ,  .
 7 7 7
Let Q(x1 , y1 , z1 ) be the image of P(1, 2, 1) with respect to the given line.
Then L is the mid-point of PQ.
x  1 23 y1  2 3 z  1 13
Therefore, 1  ,  , 1 
2 7 2 7 2 7
39 20 19
 x1  , y1   , z1 
7 7 7
 39 20 19 
Hence, the image of the point P(1, 2, 1) with respect to the given line is Q  ,  ,  .
 7 7 7 
 39 20 19 
Also the equation of the line joining P(1, 2, 1) and Q  ,  ,  is given by
 7 7 7
x 1 y2 z 1 x  1 y  2 z 1 x 1 y  2 z 1
  i.e.,   i.e.,   .
39 20 19 32 34 12 16 17 6
1   2 1 
7 7 7 7 7 7
SECTION E
36. (i) Consider the diagram shown.

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CBSE XII Sample Papers (2024-25) By O.P. GUPTA (INDIRA Award Winner)

For the container that is made by

folding up the flaps, the length of
container is (40  2 x) cm , width is
(25  2 x) cm and height is x cm .

Hence, the volume of container is given by V   (40  2 x)(25  2 x) x  cm 3

 V  2(2x 3  65x 2  500x) cm3 .
dV
(ii)  2 (6 x 2  130x  500)  4(3x 2  65x  250)  4(3x  50)(x  5) .
dx
dV  50
(iii) For extreme values,
dx
 4(3x  50)(x  5)  0  x  5  x  3
d 2V
We have  24x  260
dx 2
 d2V 
 2  140  0 .
 dx  at x 5
 V is maximum when x  5 cm .
OR
dV 2 d2 V
(iii) Since  4(3 x  65 x  250) , so we get  4(6 x  65) .
dx dx 2
dV 65 d2V 65
Note that at x  exists and, 2
at x  is 0.
dx 6 dx 6
 
d2V  65  d2V  65 
Also at x    is negative and at x    is positive.
dx 2  6  dx 2  6 
65
x  is a point of inflection.
6
Note that, the second derivative of the function changes its sign from negative to positive or
vice-versa at the point of inflection.
37. (i) Number of relations from B to G is equal to the number of subsets of B  G
 2n(BG)
 2 n(B)n(G)
 232  26  64 .
(ii) Smallest Equivalence relation on G is {(g1 , g1 ) , (g 2 , g 2 )}.
(iii) (A) For reflexive but not symmetric R 1 , we must have
R 1  {(b1 , b 2 ), (b 2 , b1 ), (b1 , b1 ), (b 2 , b 2 ), (b3 , b3 ), (b 2 , b3 )} .
So the minimum ordered pairs to be added are (b1 , b1 ), (b 2 , b 2 ), (b3 , b3 ), (b 2 , b3 ) .
Note that, it can be any one of the pair from, (b3 , b 2 ), (b1 , b3 ), (b3 , b1 ) in place of the pair
(b 2 , b3 ) also.

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(B) For reflexive and symmetric but not transitive R 1 , we must have
R 1  {(b1 , b 2 ) , (b 2 , b1 ), (b1 , b1 ), (b 2 , b 2 ), (b3 , b3 ), (b 2 , b3 ), (b 3 , b2 )} .
So the minimum ordered pairs to be added in the relation R 1 are (b1 , b1 ), (b 2 , b 2 ), (b3 , b3 ),
(b 2 , b3 ), (b3 , b 2 ) .
Note that, (b3 , b 2 )  R 1 and (b 2 , b1 )  R 1 but (b3 , b1 )  R1 . So, R 1 is not transitive.
OR
x2
(iii) For the given curve x 2  4y, let y  f (x)  .
4
Let x1 , x 2  [0, 20 2] such that f (x1 )  f (x 2 )
x12 x12
Then 
4 4
2 2
 x1  x 2
 (x1  x 2 )(x1  x 2 )  0
 x1  x 2 [Since x1 , x 2  [0 , 20 2] so, x1  x 2  0 .
 f is one-one function.
x2
As y  x2 y
4
(2 y)2
Now 0  y  200 hence the value of y is non-negative and f (x)  f (2 y)   y.
4
 For any arbitrary y  [0, 200], the pre-image of y exists in [0, 20 2] .
Hence f is onto function.
38. Let E1 be the event that the parrot and the owl fly from Cage-I,
E 2 be the event that two parrots fly from Cage-I,
E3 be the event that the owl is still in Cage-I,
E 3 be the event that the owl is not in Cage-I.
Now n(E1  E 3 )  ( 5C1  1C1 )( 7 C1  1C1 )  5  7  35 ,
n(E1  E3 )  ( 5 C1  1C1 )( 7 C 2 )  5  21  105 ,
n(E 2  E 3 )  ( 5 C2 )( 8 C2 )  10  28  280 and, n(E 2  E 3 )  0 .
So, total sample points will be n(S)  35  105  280  0  420 .
(i) Probability that the owl is still in Cage-I  P(E 3 )  P(E1  E 3 )  P(E 2  E 3 )
35  280 315 3
   .
420 420 4
(ii) The probability that one parrot and the owl flew from Cage-I to Cage-II given that the owl is
E 
still in Cage-I is P  1  .
 E3 
35
 E1  P(E1  E3 ) P(E1  E 3 ) 1
Now using Bayes’ Theorem, P      420  .
 E3  P(E 3 ) P(E1  E3 )  P(E 2  E3 ) 315 9
420

MATHEMATICIA By O.P. GUPTA : A New Approach in Mathematics 21

 Time Allowed : 180 Minutes Max. Marks : 80
General Instructions :
1. This Question paper contains five sections - A, B, C, D and E. Each section is compulsory.
However, there are internal choices in some questions.
2. Section A has 18 MCQs and 02 Assertion-Reason (A-R) based questions of 1 mark each.
Section B has 05 questions of 2 marks each.
Section C has 06 questions of 3 marks each.
Section D has 04 questions of 5 marks each.
Section E has 03 Case-study / Source-based / Passage-based questions with sub-parts
(with a total of 4 marks for each Case-study / Source-based / Passage-based question).
3. There is no overall choice. However, internal choice has been provided in
 02 Questions of Section B
 03 Questions of Section C
 02 Questions of Section D
 02 Questions of Section E
You have to attempt only one of the alternatives in all such questions.

SECTION A
(Question numbers 01 to 20 carry 1 mark each.)
Followings are multiple choice questions. Select the correct option in each one of them.
 2025 0 0 
01. If for a square matrix P, P.(adj.P)   0 2025 0  , then P  adj.P 
 
 0 0 2025 
(a) 20252  2024 (b) ( 2025)  1 (c) 2025  2024 (d) (2025)2  2025
 2 1  3 2 
02. X and Y are two matrices such that the transpose of (X  Y) is   . If Y    , then
7 6  6 0 
which of the following is correct?
1 1   1 9  1 9 4 4
(a) X    (b) X    (c) X    (d) X   
 1 6  7 6  7 6  0 7
03. Function f defined by f (x)  e  x is strictly increasing when
(a) x  (b) x  ( , 0) (c) x  [0, ) (d) x  ( , )
04. If A, B and C are square matrices of order 3 and det (BC)  2det (A) , then what is the value of
det (2A 1BC)?
(a) 1 (b) 22 (c) 23 (d) 24
05. The value of ‘n’, such that the differential equation
dy x 2  y 2
 n
; where x , y  R  is homogeneous, is
dx x
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3

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2 3 1
06. If k 1 1  0 , then
0 4 1
(a) 7k  10 (b) 7k  10  0 (c) 10k  7  0 (d) 10k  7
07. If A is a square matrix of order n , then the number of minors in the determinant of A are
(a) n (b) n  1 (c) n 2 (d) n n
08. Delhi Metro is highly popular mode of transport among the commuters. The Metro connects
numerous stations across Delhi NCR. Among them are Dwarka and Hauz Khas. Wishi takes the
Metro scheduled at 8:25 AM from Dwarka station to Hauz Khas station every morning. The
3
probability that the Metro is late is and, the probability that Wishi gets a seat in the Metro is
4
1
. The probability that the Metro is on time and she gets a seat in it is
15
1 1 1 7
(a) (b) (c) (d)
20 4 60 10
     
09. There are two non-zero vectors a and b such that a .b  0 . Then the projection of a on b is
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) 2 (d) can not be determined
10. Let y  f (x) be a real function such that its first-order derivative is same as its second-order
derivative. Then f (x) 
(a) x (b) 2x (c) e x (d) no such function exists
11. Shown below is the feasible region of a linear programming problem (L.P.P.) whose objective
function is : Maximize Z  x  y .
A student Drishti claimed that there exists no optimal solution for the L.P.P. as there is no
unique maximum value at the corner points of its feasible region. Based on her statement,
choose most appropriate option.
(a) Her claim is correct, as there are two corner
points of its feasible region at which maximum
value of Z occurs.
(b) Her claim is false, as there are exactly two
2 7
corner points i.e.,  ,  and (2, 1) at which the
3 3
maximum value of Z occurs, which is 3.
(c) Her claim is false, as every point on the line
2 7
joining  ,  and (2, 1) gives the maximum
3 3
value of Z, which is 3.
(d) Her claim is false, as the maximum value of Z
occurs at (2, 0), which is 2.
b
4
12. If f (x) is continuous for all real values of x, then  f (4x)dx equals
a
4
b 4b b 4b
1 1
(a) 4  f (x) dx (b)  f (x) dx (c)  f (x) dx (d) 4  f (x) dx
a
4 4a
4 a 4a

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13. For the function y  sin 1  x  1

  
(a) Domain  x  [1, 1], Range  y    , 
 2 2
  
(b) Domain  x  (2, 2) , Range  y    , 
 2 2
  
(c) Domain  x  (1, 1) , Range  y    , 
 2 2
  
(d) Domain  x  [2, 2], Range  y    , 
 2 2
14. A differential equation has an order of 3 and a degree of 2. Which of the following could this
differential equation be?
2 2
d3 y  d 2 y   d 2 y   d3 y 
(a)   0 (b) tan  2    3   0
dx3  dx 2   dx   dx 
2 3 3 2
 d3 y  d2 y  dy   d 3 y   dy 
(c)  3   2     0 (d)  3      0
 dx  dx  dx   dx   dx 
15. The graph drawn below depicts

(a) y  cos 1 x (b) y  cosec1x (c) y  sin 1 x (d) y  cot 1 x

16. f (x)  sin x is non-differentiable at
(a) x  n , n  Z (b) x  (2n  1) , n  Z
  
(c) x  (2n  1) , n  Z (d) x    (2n  1)  , n  Z
2  2
17. If [.] denotes the greatest integer function, then f (x)  [x] is discontinuous at
(a) infinite points, in 2  x  5 (b) only two points, in 2  x  5

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(c) only three points, in 2  x  5 (d) no point, in 2  x  5

2
18. The area under the curve x  y between the line x  0 and x  k is 9 square units. Which of
the following could be the correct value of k?
3 9
(a) (b) 9 (c) 3 (d)
2 2
Followings are Assertion-Reason based questions.
In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R).
Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
19. Assertion (A) : All the points in the feasible region of an L.P.P. (linear programming problem)
are optimal solutions to the problem.
Reason (R) : Every point in the feasible region satisfies all the constraints of an L.P.P. (linear
programming problem).
   
20. Assertion (A) : If the angle between p and q is obtuse, then p.q  0 .
Reason (R) : Value of cos  lies in (1, 0) , when 90o    180o .
SECTION B
(Question numbers 21 to 25 carry 2 marks each.)
1
21. If 4x   4 , then find cos1 x  sin 1 2x .
x
22. The total cost (in `) of manufacturing ‘n’ earphone sets per day in a Karnataka based start-up
Maxier Electronics Limited is given by C(n)  0.0001n 2  4 n  400 . Find C(n  100) .
Also, find the marginal cost of manufacturing 10000 earphone sets.
b d2y
23. If y  a x n  2  n 1 , where n  N and a , b   , then prove that x 2 2  (n  1)(n  2) y .
x dx
OR
 1  32x 
Differentiate the function y  cos 1  2x 
with respect to x.
1 3 
24. A bird is sitting on an electric wire (assuming that the wire has no slack). If the equation of wire
x 1
is given by  y  2  z and the position of bird is at a point P such that the distance
3
between P and Q(–1, 2, 0) is 6 11 units, then find the position of bird (coordinates of point P).
25. Shown below is a regular octagon ABCDEFGH, with centre O.

     

Show that AE  FB  CG  HD  2(AD  BC) .
OR
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 
A parallelogram ABCD is constructed such that its adjacent sides, AB and AD, are 3a  5 b and
      
a  2 b respectively. If a  2 , b  8 and the angle between a and b is , find the length
3
of diagonal BD.
SECTION C
(Question numbers 26 to 31 carry 3 marks each.)
26. A cylindrical disk of radius R and height H is pressed by a hydraulic press. During the process,
the radius and the height of the disk change such that the cylindrical shape is retained and the
volume (V) of the disk remains constant. What is the ratio of the rate of change of height to the
rate of change of radius in terms of R?
d P(t)
27. Sumathi bought a luxury car for ` y . The price P(t) of the car depreciates as  a (T  t) ,
dt
after ‘t’ years; where ‘T’ is the total life of the car (in years) and ‘a’ is an arbitrary constant.
Find the value of the car when the car has been used for ‘T’ years, in terms of ‘y’.
OR
1
The first derivative of a function y with respect to x is given by  2 . Find the function,
x (1  x 2 )

if it is given that y  , when x  1 .
4
28. In the rectangle PQRS below, S is at the origin and the position vectors of the points R and P are
 
a and b respectively.

Point U bisects SR. Use vectors to prove

that V divides PU and QS in the same ratio.
Also find the ratio in which V divides QS.

29. Evaluate :  x 2  4  x dx .
OR
3
 x  x 1 
Evaluate :  e x  2 3/ 2 
dx .
 (x  1) 
30. Consider the following Linear Programming Problem.
Maximize Z  x  2y
Subject to 2x  3y  6, 4x  y  4; x , y  0.
Show graphically that the maximum value of Z will not occur.
31. A company conducts a mandatory health check-up for all the newly hired employees, to check
for infections that could affect other employees. A blood infection affects roughly 5% of the
population. The probability of a false positive report on the test for this infection is 4%, while
the probability of a false negative report on the test is 3%. If a person tests positive for the
infection, what is the probability that he is actually infected?
OR

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There are four cards numbered 1 to 4, one number on one card. Two cards are drawn at random
without replacement. Find the probability distribution of the sum of the numbers on the two
cards drawn.
SECTION D
(Question numbers 32 to 35 carry 5 marks each.)
 
32. Draw the rough sketch of the curve y  sin 2x ; where x .
12 6
Using integration, find the area of the region bounded by the curve y  sin 2x from the ordinates
 
x to x  and the x-axis.
12 6
33. The curve y  ax 2  bx  c; (where a , b, c   and a  0 ) passes through the points (1, 0) ,
(2, 12) and (3, 20). Use matrix method to determine the values of a , b and c by solving the
system of linear equations in a , b and c . Find the equation of the curve. If y  ax 2  bx  c  0 ,
then write the real roots of quadratic equation (if possible).
34. The vertices of a ABC are A(1, 1, 0), B(1, 2, 1) and C(–2, 2, –1). Find the equations of the
medians through A and B. Use the equations so obtained to find the coordinates of the centroid.
OR
Find the Cartesian equation of a line L 2 which is the mirror image of the line L1 with respect to
x y 1 z  2
line L :   , given that line L1 passes through the point P(1, 6, 3) and parallel to
1 2 3
line L .
  1  1 
  |x| x 
35. Discuss the continuity of f (x)   x e , if x  0 at x  0 .
0, if x  0
Is it differentiable at the same point? Justify your answer.
OR
dy 1  y2
If 1  x 2  1  y 2  a (x  y) , then show that  .
dx 1  x2
SECTION E
(Question numbers 36 to 38 carry 4 marks each.)
This section contains three Case-study / Passage based questions.
First two questions have three sub-parts (i), (ii) and (iii) of marks 1, 1 and 2 respectively.
Third question has two sub-parts (i) and (ii) of 2 marks each.
36. CASE STUDY I :
Sumaiya cuts a metallic wire of length ‘a’ m into two pieces. She uses both pieces to create two
squares of different side lengths.
Assume that the wire of length ‘x’ m is used to make the first square.
Based on the above information, answer the following questions.
(i) Express the side lengths of both squares in terms of ‘a’ and ‘x’ only.
(ii) Find an expression for the Combined area (A) of both squares in terms of ‘x’.
(iii) Determine the side lengths of both the squares (in terms of ‘a’) for which the Combined area
(A) will be minimum. Use derivatives.
OR
(iii) Using derivatives, find the minimum value of Combined area (A) of both squares in terms
of ‘a’.

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37. CASE STUDY II :

Pratibha Vikas is an innovative program by the Government of Delhi, where cultural and
literacy competitions are held between schools at cluster, block, district and state levels.
One of those competitions - Yogasana, is conducted under two categories : Middle school and
High school. From South Delhi district, three students from middle school and two students
from high school were selected for the state level.
Let M  {m1 , m 2 , m 2 } and H  {h1 , h 2 } , represent the set of students from middle school and
high school respectively who got selected for the state level from that district.
A relation R : M  M is defined by R  {(x , y) : x and y are students from the same category}.
On the basis of the above information, answer the following questions.
(i) Check if the relation R is reflexive. Justify your answer.
(ii) Check if the relation R is symmetric. Justify your answer.
(iii) Check if the relation R is transitive. Is R an equivalence relation? Justify your answer.
OR
(iii) Let a function f : M  H is defined as f  {(m1 , h1 ) , (m 2 , h 2 ) , (m3 , h 2 )} . Check whether
the function f is one-one and onto. Justify your answer.
38. CASE STUDY III :

A survey conducted among the consumers suggests that approximately 30% of all the products
ordered online across various e-commerce websites are returned. Two products that are ordered
online are selected at random. If X represents the number of products that are returned, then
answer the following questions.
(i) Find the probability distribution of X.
(ii) Find the expectation of X.

28 MATHEMATICIA By O.P. GUPTA : A New Approach in Mathematics

 Detailed Solutions (PTS-09)
SECTION A
1 0
01. (b)  , as P I  I P .
0 1 
31 2
02. (c) As adj.V  V so, 7  V .
Therefore, V  7 .
03. (b) Coordinates of D, E and F are respectively (1,1), (3, 4) and (2, 3) .
Note that the required area of the shaded region will be ar (ABC)  ar (DEF) .
 0 0 1  1 1 1
 1   1 
Therefore, shaded area  Magnitude of 2 2 1   Magnitude of 3 4 1 
 2   2
 4 6 1   2 3 1 
1  1  1 3
   (12  8)     (1  1  1)   2   Sq.units .
2  2  2 2
d  1 1 1 1
04. (d) f (x)   cos x      .
dx 1  ( x )2 2 x 2 x(1  x)
05. (b) f (x) is continuous but not differentiable.
06. (a) Note that f (x)  6 x  4
2
For strictly decreasing function, f (x)  0 so, 6 x  4  0 i.e., x .
3
 2
Hence, the interval in which the function f decreases strictly is x    ,  .
 3
 2
Further note that, ( , 0) is a sub-interval of   ,  . Therefore, f is strictly decreasing in
 3
( , 0) also. We shall mark option (a) as the most suitable option.
x (5e)x
07. (a)  e(x log5) e x dx   e log5 e x dx   5x e x dx   (5e) x dx  C.
log (5e)
3
08. (a) Area   log (x  1) dx …(i)
1

d 
Consider  1 . log (x  1) dx  log (x  1) 1dx    log (x  1)  1dx  dx
 dx 
 x   1 
 x log (x  1)     dx  x log (x  1)   1  dx
 x  1  x  1 
 x log (x  1)   x  log (x  1) 
3
By (i), area   x log (x  1)  x  log (x  1)1
 3log 4  3  log 4  1log 2  1  log 2  6log 2  3  2 log 2  2log 2  1
 6log (2)  2 Sq. units .
4 2
 dy 
2  d2y 
09. (c) Note that for x    sin y   2   0 , the degree and order both are two.
 dx   dx 
10. (a) only (i).
11. (d) only (ii) and (iii).
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  
Recall that, projection of a on b  a .bˆ .
12. (a) Clearly the vectors (i  j) and (5i  3j  k) are parallel.
1  0
Therefore,   ( d.r.’s of parallel vectors are proportional
5 3 
1  1 0
Consider  , 
5 3 5 
3
Hence,   ,   0 .
5  
13. (b) The direction angles of OP are 60 o , 45o and 60o . That means, the direction cosines of OP
1 1 1
are cos 60o , cos 45o and cos 60 o i.e., , and .
2 2 2
 1 1 ˆ 1 ˆ
Hence OP  2 2  ˆi  j  k   2 ˆi  2 ˆj  2 kˆ .
 2 2 2 

Therefore, the direction ratios of OP are 2, 2, 2 .
x  2 y 3 z 3
14. (d) Rewriting the line n, we get   .
4 2 3/2
Since the lines m and n are parallel to each other so, their direction ratios must be proportional.
4 2 3/2 8 4 3
That is,   i.e.,   .
p q r p q r
Hence, p  8, q  4, r  3 .
15. (a) Since the line which is perpendicular to both the skew lines L1 and L 2 is the ‘line of shortest
distance’. This ‘line of shortest distance’ is a unique line. Hence, there will be ‘exactly one’ line
which is perpendicular to both lines L1 and L 2 .
16. (d) exists as the inequality 3x  2y  6 does not have any point in common with the feasible
region
17. (c) both maximum and minimum.
P  M  (M  N)  P(M) P(M)
18. (c) P  M (M N)     .
P(M  N) P(M)  P(N)  P(M  N) P(M)  P(N)
Note that, M  (M  N)  M .
19. (d) A is false but R true.
Note that, (4, 2)  P and (2, 4)  P but (4, 4)  P . So, P is not a transitive relation.
Also (0, 2), (2, 4), (0, 4)  P . That is, P has a subset {(0, 2), (2, 4), (0, 4)} .
20. (d) A is false but R true.
For f (x)  x 5 , x  [1, 1], f (x)  5 x 4 .
When f (x)  5 x 4  0, then x  0  [1, 1] .
Note that f (1)  (1)5  1, f (0)  (0) 5  0, f (1)  (1)5  1 . Clearly, the maximum value of f (x)
is 1, which is obtained when x  1 .
SECTION B
21. Recall that the domain of inverse of cosine function is [1, 1] .
That is, 1  x  1  1  x  1   (x  1)
 0x2
And, 1  1  x  1

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 1  x  1  1
2x0
It concludes that the domain of cos 1  x  1  is x  [0, 2] .
OR

x y 
22. Consider one such matrix as   which follows the following relationship.
z w
 x y   x z   6 1
 z w    y w    1 4 
     
 2x y  z   6  1
   
 z  y 2w   1 4 
By equality of matrices, we get 2x  6  x  3; 2w  4  w  2
Also y  z  1
For y  z  1 , we can take any value of y and z that satisfies this relationship. For example,
y  0 and z  1 .
 3 0
Hence the required matrix is  .
 1 2 
Award full marks for any other matrix that satisfies the relationship.
dx dy
23. For x  cot t and y  cosec 2 t ,   cosec 2 t and  2cosec 2 t cot t .
dt dt
2
dy dy/dt 2cosec t cot t dy
So,   2
 2cot t or,  2 cot t  2x ( x  cot t
dx dx/dt  cosec t dx

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d2y d  dy  d dt 1
Also 2
   (2 cot t)  2 cosec 2 t   2 cosec2 t  2
dx dx  dx  dx dx  cosec2 t
We can also find second order derivative in the following different ways.
d 2 y d  dy  d d
2
   (2cot t)  (2x)  2
dx dx  dx  dx dx
d2y d  dy  d dt 1 1
Moreover, 2
   (2 cot t)  2 cosec 2 t   2y  2
 2y  2.
dx dx  dx  dx dx  cosec t y
24. The rate at which the number of active users is increasing or decreasing at a given time is given
d
by N(t).
dt
d
Now N(t)  1000  (0.1) e0.1t .
dt
The rate of change of active users at 10 minutes past 5 pm is
d
N(10)  1000  (0.1) e(0.1)(10)  100 e .
dt
It concludes that the number of active users are increasing at a rate of 100 e people per minute at
5 :10 pm on that day.
OR
2000 (1) 1000 (e 0.5t )
For P(t) 
1  e 0.5t
, P (t)  2000 
(1  e 0.5t ) 2
  0.5 e 0.5t
 
(1  e0.5t ) 2
.

Since P(t)  0 for any value of t.

It concludes that the rabbit population is increasing.
25. Substitutes (k  x)  u to get dx   du .
So, I   x(k  x)23 dx   (k  u)(u) 23 ( du)   (u 24  ku 23 ) du
u 25 ku 24
I   C , where, C is the constant of integration.
25 24
(k  x) 25 k (k  x) 24
Hence, I   C.
25 24
SECTION C
d
26. Let 3x  5  A (x 2  4 x  7)  B
dx
 3x  5  A(2 x  4)  B
3
By comparing the coefficients of like terms, we get 2A  3  A  ; 4A  B  5  B  1 .
2
3
(2 x  4)  1
So, I   2 2 dx
x  4x  7
3 2x  4 1
I  2 dx   dx
2 x  4x  7 (x  2)  ( 3)2
2

3 1  x  2
 I  log x 2  4x  7  tan 1    C.
2 3  3 
27. Put u  (25  cos )  du   sin  d .

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
When   0 and   , then u  26 and u  25 respectively.
2

2 25 26 26
sin  d du du 1 1 
Now 0 (25  cos )(26  cos ) 26 u(1  u) 25 u(1  u) 25  u  (1  u)  du
  

26 25  26  26 
 [log u  log(1  u)]26
25  log  log  log  .
27 26  25  27 
OR
2a a
Property that is going to be used is,  f (x) dx  2 f (x) dx , if f (2a  x)  f (x) .
0 0

Take 2a   and f (x)  h(sin x).

Note that f (2a  x)  f (  x)  h (sin(  x))  h (sin x)  f (x)

 2
Hence,  h(sin x)dx  2  h(sin x)dx .
0 0

dv
28. (i) We have m  FR  m g
dt
dv
Using the data given, we get 0.05  0.4v  0.5
dt
dv
  8v  10 .
dt
dv
(ii) The differential equation obtained in (i) is linear of the form  Py  Q , where P  8 and
dt
Q  10 .
Integrating factor  e   e8t
8dt

Required solution is given by, v (e8t )   e8t  (10) dt  C

10 8t
v (e8t )   e  C
8
 v  1.25  Ce8t
Using the initial condition v(0)  10 m/s , we get 10  1.25  C e 0
 C  11.25
Hence, the expression for the velocity of the ball as a function of time is given as
v  1.25  11.25e 8t .
29. Let us frame the differential equation using the given condition as follows:
dy 1  y  0 
  
dx 3  x  0 
dy y
 
dx 3x
dy dx
 
y 3x
dy 1 dx
On integrating both sides, we get :  
y 3 x

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1
 log y  log x  log 
3
1
 y   x3
1
As the curve passes through (8, 2) , so 2   (8) 3
  1
1
3
 y  x is the required equation of curve.
OR
dy
(i) x  (y  1) 2
dx
 (y 1)dy  (2  x)dx
On integrating both sides, we get :  (y  1) dy   (2  x) dx
y2 x2
  y  2x   
2 2
2 2
 x  y  4x  2y  C  0, where C  2 .
Clearly, this solution is a general equation of a circle and hence it represents a family of circles.
(ii) Substituting x  0 and y  0 into the general solution to obtain C  0 .
Then the particular solution is given by x 2  y 2  4x  2y  0 .
On rearranging the terms, we get (x  2)2  (y  1) 2  5
Hence, the radius is 5 units. {On comparing with (x  h)2  (y k)2  r 2
30. (i) Using the graph given to list the constraints of the given maximization problem, we get
3x  2y  12;
x  2y  8;
x , y  0.
(ii) Consider the table given below.
Corner Points Z  5x  3y
(0, 0) 0
(0, 4) 12
(2, 3) 19
(4, 0) 20
Hence, the objective function attains maximum value at (4, 0) . Therefore, (4, 0) is the optimal
solution of the problem.
OR
Corner Points Zxy
A(0, 14) 14
B(10.2, 7.2) 17.4  Maximum
C(15, 0) 15
Clearly Z is maximum when x  10.2, y  7.2 .
But number of books can not be in decimals.
 The shelf in the library can carry a maximum of 10 and
7 books of MATHMISSION FOR XI and MATHMISSION FOR XII respectively.
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31. Applying Bayes’ theorem,

P(Urgent | Not important) 
P(Urgent)  P(Not important| Urgent)
P(Urgent)  P(Not important| Urgent)  P(Not urgent)  P(Not important| Not urgent)
 40 1   1
    P (Important |Urgent) 
 100 2   2
 P(Urgent | Not important)  
 40 1   60 30   P (Not important| Urgent)  1  1  1
     
 100 2   100 100  2 2
10
 P(Urgent | Not important)  or 52.63%.
19
SECTION D
32. (i) For no x  U, (x , x)  R as the difference in time between x and x is 0 hours.
Therefore, R is not reflexive.
Whenever the difference in time between x and y is 6 hours, the difference in time between y
and x is also 6 hours. That is (x , y)  R  (y , x)  R .
Therefore, R is symmetric.
If the difference in time between x and y is 6 hours, and the difference in time between y and
z is also 6 hours, then the difference in time between x and z could be either 0 hours or 12
hours. That is, (x , y)  R and (y, z)  R but (x , z)  R.
Therefore, R is not transitive.
(ii) From the above illustrations, we can conclude that relation R is not an equivalence relation
as R is neither reflexive nor transitive.
OR
x y
(i) Assume f (x)  f (y) so, 2 
x  1 y2  1
 x(y 2  1)  y(x 2  1)
 xy 2  x  yx 2  y  0
 (y x)(xy 1)  0
Either (y x)  0 or (xy  1)  0
That is, x  y or xy  1.
1 2 2
Put x  and y  2 so that xy  1 . Now observe that f (x)   and f (y)   .
2 3 3
2
That is, f (x)  f (y)   but x  y .
3
Clearly, f is not one-one.
x
(ii) Let y  f (x) . Then 2 y
x 1
 x  y x2  y
 y x2  x  y  0
1  1  4y 2
x
y
2
Since 1  4y  0, so real roots exists and also they are not 1 .

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1  1  4y 2
That is, x     {1, 1} .
2y
Therefore, for any y   (codomain), there exists x    {1, 1} (domain) such that f (x)  y.
Hence, we can conclude that f is onto.
33. Note that, the points (10,16), (20, 22) and (30, 25) shall satisfy y  ax 2  bx  c .
Therefore, the system of equations can be written as
100a  10b  c  16 ,
400a  20b  c  22 ,
900a  30b  c  25.
 100 10 1  a   16 
Expressing the system of equations in the form AX  B as  400 20 1  b    22 
    
 300 30 1  c   25 
    
Now A  1(18000  12000)  1(3000  9000)  1(2000  4000)  2000 , A 1 exists as A  0.
 1 1 1 
 200 100 200 
 
1 2 3 
Also A  
1
 4 5 20 
 3 3 1 
 
 
 1 1 1   3 
 200 100 200  16   200 

a     
1 2 3     21 
Since X  A B , then  b   
1
 22 
c   4
 5 20     20 
   25  
 3  3 1     7 
  
   
3 21
By equality of matrices, we get a   , b , c7.
200 20
3 2 21
Hence, the equation of the path traversed by the ball is y   x  x  7.
200 20
Now when x  70 feet , y  7 feet.
So, the ball went by 7 feet above the floor that means 3 feet below the basketball hoop.
That means, the ball did not go through the hoop.
x 2 y2
34. The equation of the ellipse can be written as   1.
36 16
4
Expressing y in terms of x , we get y   36  x 2 .
6
6
4
Now the area of one quarter of the ellipse   36  x 2 dx
0 6
6
2 x 2 2 62 1  x   2 6 62 
  6  x  sin       0  sin 1 (1)  0   6 Sq.feet .
32 2  6  0 3  2 2 
That is, the area of one-quarter of the base is 6 Sq.feet.
Hence, the area of the whole ellipse  4  6  24 Sq.feet.
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Therefore, the volume of water  2410  240 Cubic feet .

Note that, Volume  Area of the base  Height .
 
35. (i) Here a  5i  7j  4k and b  3i  2j  k .

The vector equation of the given line is, r  (5i  7j  4k)   (3i  2j  k)
 .
x5 y7 z4
Also the Cartesian equation of the given line is,   .
3 2 1

(ii) Rewriting the line, we get r  (5  3 )i  (7  2)j  (  4)k .
The point where the line crosses xy-plane, its z-coordinate will be zero.
So,   4  0    4

Substituting   4 in the vector form to get r  7i  j  0k .
Therefore, the required point is (7,  1, 0) .
OR
x y z x y z
Rewriting the equations of L1 and L 2 , we get L1 :   and L 2 :   .
3 2 6 2 12 3
(i) The direction ratios of both the lines are  3, 2,  6  and  2,  12,  3  respectively.
6  24  18
The angle between the two lines is, cos   0
49 157
   90.

(ii) Rewriting the equations of L1 and L 2 in vector form as r 1  (0i  0j  0k)
   (3i  2j  6k)


and r  (0i  0j  0k)
2
  (2i  12j  3k)
 .
As both the lines pass through the origin (0, 0, 0) hence, they intersect at the origin.
Therefore, the shortest distance between the two lines is 0 units.
SECTION E
 
36. (i) OP  2i  j  3k , OQ  3i  4j  k .
  
The vector representing the flight path of Airplane 1 is, PQ  OQ  OP

 PQ  (3i  4j  k)
  (2i  j  3k)


 PQ  5i  3j  4k .

(ii) Note that PR  5i  j  2k .
  
So, RQ  PQ  PR  (5j  3j  4k)   (5i  j  2k)
  2j  2k .
 
PQ  PR (5i  3j  4k)   (5i  j  2k)
 18
(iii) Required angle, cos      
PQ PR 50  30 5 15

 18 
Hence, the angle between the flight paths is,   cos1  .
 5 15 
OR
(iii) Considers a point S which divides PQ internally in the ratio 1: 2.
 
 1(OQ)  2(OP) 1(3i  4j  k)
  2( 2i  j  3k)

Then the position vector of point S is, OS  
1 2 3
 1 5
 OS   i  2j  k .
3 3

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1 1 1
37. (i) P(5 from spinner A)  P(8 from spinner B)   
4 8 32
1
P(Even  Multiple of 3) 8 1
(ii) P(Even Multiple of 3)    .
P(Multiple of 3) 2 2
8
1 1 1
(iii) Probability of getting 2 from spinner A and getting 1 from spinner B, P1    .
2 8 16
Also, the probability of getting 5 from spinner A and getting either 1, 2, 3 or 4 from spinner B,
1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1
P2           .
4 8 8 8 8 4 8 8
Since P1 and P2 are mutually exclusive and hence, the probability that she wins a photo frame is
1 1 5
given by P1  P2    .
16 4 16
OR
(iii) P(Getting 2) 
P(Spinner A)  P(Getting 2 Spinner A)  P(Spinner B)  P(Getting 2 Spinner B)
65 1 35 1 59
     .
100 2 100 8 160
38. (i) Since the rod being heated is R 1 . So, the rate of change of temperature at any distance from
dT d d
one end of R 1 is,  (16  x) x  (16 x  x 2 )  16  2 x .
dx dx dx
The mid-point of the rod is x  8 m (since the rod R 1 is of 16 m ).
dT
The rate of change of temperature at the mid-point of R 1 is, (at x  8)  16  2(8)  0 .
dx
(ii) The rod being cooled is R 2 . So, the rate of change of temperature at any distance x m is
dT d d
  (x  12) x    x 2  12 x   2 x  12
dx dx dx
dT
For  0 , we get the critical point as x  6.
dx
d 2T
Also the second derivative of T is, 2
dx 2
d2T
So, at x  6 m , the rod has minimum temperature as (at x  6)  2  0.
dx 2
Therefore, the minimum temperature attained by the rod R 2 is, T(6)  (6  12)6  36  C .

MATHEMATICIA By O.P. GUPTA : A New Approach in Mathematics 179

 Answers (PTS-16)
01. (c) 02. (d) 03. (c) 04. (b) 05. (b) 06. (b) 07. (d)
08. (b) 09. (c) 10. (c) 11. (b) 12. (c) 13. (c) 14. (d)
15. (b) 16. (c) 17. (c) 18. (d) 19. (b) 20. (d)
3 
21. OR 4096; 1024 22. 0.002 cm/s 23. 24. 0
8 2
3(3iˆ – 5jˆ  4k)
ˆ
25. 26. 2 sin x  2 cos x  C
50
30 31 196  1
27. P(A wins)  , P(B wins)  OR 28. 2 2 OR . tan 1  
61 61 245 2 2
x y
29. y  2 tan  x  C OR sin    log x  C 30. 1980
2 x
13
31. log cos x  x sin x  C 32. Sq. units
3
10  13 
34. units; cos 1   OR 10 units 35. x  5, y  8, z  8
59  2 57 
4 4 2 7
36. (i) P(A1 )  , P(A 2 )  , P(A 3 )  (ii)  1.4
10 10 10 5
16
(iii) 0.49; 49% OR (iii)
51
12 5
37. (i) A  x 25  x 2 , x  (0 , 5) (ii) x 
5 2
(iii) Length : 5 2 units and, width : 3 2 units
OR (iii) Length : 5 2 units and, width : 3 2 units
38. (i) 1 metre / hour (ii) 62.8 m 2 / hour .

 Answers (PTS-17)
01. (c) 02. (b) 03. (d) 04. (d) 05. (b) 06. (c) 07. (b)
08. (d) 09. (b) 10. (b) 11. (b) 12. (b) 13. (d) 14. (b)
15. (c) 16. (d) 17. (b) 18. (c) 19. (d) 20. (a)
1
21. 3sin 1 x 22. cubic units
384  2
 8   8  y x y1  yx  log y 
23. 2iˆ  2jˆ OR 1
cos       cos   24.  y x 1 
 21   21   x  log x  y  x 
1 2
25. m2 26. log x  4  log x  1  C
3 3

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1 2 
27. P(B)  , P(B)  OR 0.488 28. 2 OR
3 3 2ab
1 1 y
29. y 2 OR log y 2  x 2  tan 1 C 30. No maximum value of Z
2x  1 2 x
ex 13
31. C 32. Sq. units
log x 3
33. R is an equivalence relation OR f (x) and g(x) both are not onto.
x 1 y z 
34. OR Cartesian equation :   ; Vector equation : r  ˆi  (iˆ  2ˆj  2k)
ˆ ;
1
 2 2
Position vector of point P : OP  2ˆj  2kˆ ; OP  2 2 units . 35. x  1, y  2, z  3
2000 2000 4000
36. (i) h  2
(ii) A    r2 
r r r
1/3
1000 (  2)  d 2 A 4000 8000
(iii) r   2  ; 2
 3  2  OR (iii) (  2) : 
   dr r  r3
37. (i) x  12.5 (ii) ` 38281.25
(iii) P(x) is strictly increasing in x  (0, 12.5) ; P(x) is strictly decreasing in x  (12.5, 20)
OR (iii) Profit is `37730 when 2 units are produced in the company.
If the profit is `38250, then the production of company is 15 units.
38. (i) X  5, 4, 3,  3
(ii) Probability distribution table is given below.
X 5 4 3 –3
9 6 4 8  19 
P(X) Amrita wins `   , on an average.
27 27 27 27 9

 Answers (PTS-18)
01. (d) 02. (c) 03. (b) 04. (d) 05. (d) 06. (a) 07. (b)
08. (a) 09. (d) 10. (a) 11. (b) 12. (d) 13. (c) 14. (c)
15. (b) 16. (c) 17. (c) 18. (c) 19. (d) 20. (a)
21. 2cos1 x 22. `66
 x 2 y4 z5 
23. OR   ; r  2iˆ  4ˆj  5kˆ   (3iˆ  5ˆj  6k)
ˆ
3 3 5 6
2 sec x  tan x 1
24. OR ab 25.   1 26.  log tan x  sec x  C
3 2 2
27. Table for probability distribution is given below.
X 0 1 2 18
Also, mean  .
5 10 4 19
P(X)
19 19 19
3
OR
13
π 
28. OR 1 29. a  2, b  1 OR x  – y2e y  C y2
6 2

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CBSE XII Sample Papers (2024-25) By O.P. GUPTA (INDIRA Award Winner)

2 x 1 1 1
30. Zmax  690 at (2, 3) 31.  log   C
9 x  2 3 (x  1)
32. 3x  y  0 ; k  2 33. k  42/3
34. R is reflexive and symmetric, but not transitive.
   
35. (a) x   ,  (b) x   0,  OR Length : 6 cm , breadth : 12 cm
3 2  3
36. (i) 1, 2, –1; 2, 1, 1 (ii) (3, 3, 0)
(iii) S.D.  0 units ; the lines will intersect each other.
OR
(iii) The lines will intersect each other. Also the motorcycles may collide at (1, 2, –1).
17 3
37. (i) 0.008 (ii) 0.03 (iii) OR (iii) 0.009 ; 0.047 ;  i  1 P (E i | A)  1
47
38. (i) x  10 m (ii) C(x) is not an increasing function, when x  0.

 Answers (PTS-19)
01. (c) 02. (b) 03. (b) 04. (a) 05. (c) 06. (b) 07. (d)
08. (c) 09. (b) 10. (c) 11. (a) 12. (c) 13. (d) 14. (b)
15. (d) 16. (b) 17. (d) 18. (a) 19. (c) 20. (c)
 0 2 2 
  2  4   2 0 2 
21.  OR (i) x    ,  ,   (ii) [2, 3  2] 22.
3  5   5   
 2 2 0 
23. 4 (esec x  x)3  (esec x sec x tan x  1) 25.  S.D.  0 so, the bomb may hit the fighter-jet.
dy n y 92
26. OR  27. f (6)  126 28.
dx m x 105
1 y
29. y esin x  sin 1 x OR sec 1    log x  C 30. Maximum value of Z : 480 at (0, 12)
x
2
31. OR The table for probability distribution is given below.
13
X 0 1 2
90 160 56
P(X)
306 306 306

32. 2 litres of orange juice, 3 litres of beetroot juice and 1 litre of kiwi juice
10
33. 27 (  2) Sq. units 34. units OR 6 units
59
1 1
35.  x 4 cos (2x 4 )  sin (2x 4 )  C OR
8 16
1 1 1 1  x 1 
  log 2  x   log x 2  2x  4   tan 1  C
12 24 4 3  3 
(C, PB) , (PB, C) , (V , PB) , (PB, V) , (PB, SwD) , (SwD , PB) ,
36. (i) R   .
 (PB, ShD) , (ShD , PB) , (SwD , ShD) , (ShD , SwD) 
(ii) R is symmetric relation.
(iii) R is not transitive relation. OR (iii) Function f is one-one, but not onto.

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37. (i) 270 mg (ii) 24 mg / hr (iii) OR 6 hours

43 3
38. (i) (ii) .
50 7

 Answers (PTS-20)
01. (a) 02. (c) 03. (b) 04. (d) 05. (b) 06. (a) 07. (b)
08. (d) 09. (b) 10. (c) 11. (b) 12. (c) 13. (b) 14. (d)
15. (c) 16. (c) 17. (d) 18. (a) 19. (a) 20. (a)
21. 80o OR R is reflexive but not symmetric
x 1 y  2 z  3 5 
23. 42 Sq. units OR   24. 25.
2 1 0 3 4
x x
26. x  2 tan 1  2 3 tan 1 C
2 3
27. The table for probability distribution is given below.
X 0 1 2 3
Also, mean  1 .
P(X) 56 112 48 4
220 220 220 220

168
OR
701
 
28.  1 OR 
2 2
1 5 2(x  1)
29.  (5  4x  2x 2 )3/ 2  4 2(x  1)  2x  x 2  14 2 sin 1 C
2 2 7
k  cos 2x
30. y OR y(log y  log x  1)  x(log x  C)
2 cos x
31. Maximum value of Z : 57 and; the minimum value of Z : 29
 15  36 3
33.    15sin 1  Sq.units OR 2 Sq.units
 2 5 5
x 5 y4 z0
34. S.D.  9 units ; Equation of S.D. :   OR (1, 0, 7)
2 2 1
35. x  500, y  2000, z  3500
 (75 r  r 3 ) dV  (75  3r 2 )
36. (i) V  (ii) 
2 dr 2
(iii) r  5 cm OR (iii) The statement ‘For maximum volume, h  r. ’ is false.
37. (i) f (x) being a polynomial function, is differentiable everywhere, hence, f is differentiable in
(0, 12) . (ii) k  3.6
(iii) f is strictly increasing in (0, 6) and; f is strictly decreasing in (6, 12)
OR (iii) x  6 is a point of local maximum; the local maximum value of f (x) is 109.4
5 3
38. (i) (ii) .
9 5

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