Advances in Engineering Research, volume 120

International Forum on Energy, Environment Science and Materials (IFEESM 2017)

A Research on the Landscape Design

Of Lighting System
Li Zheng1, Yong-gang An1,2,3* ，Xiaojing Man1,2,3*
1
The School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing University of Agriculture
2
Beijing Engineering Research Center of Rural Landscape Planning and Design,
Beijing University of Agriculture
3
Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-environmental Improvement with
Forestry and Fruittrees,Beijing University of Agriculture
*Corresponding author

Keywords: Lighting system,Landscape design, Urban lighting standard

Abstract. With the rapid development of urban landscape design, the lighting is more and more
needed. Existing urban landscape and lighting design of the system is not perfect, according to the
regulations of city road and park lighting standard to analyze, and the various forms of existing urban
landscape and light design combination to research, summarizes the urban landscape and a lighting
system combine the design rules of standard, making the night landscape lighting become a system.

Introduction
People's aesthetic level is gradually improved,the night scene of the city must be [Link]
space of the development of lighting industry in China is big, but in the lighting design, the lighting
design profession in China started [Link], many developed countries started early night
planning, and now it is relatively stable, economic development, more standardized operation, and
ensure the final design quality.

The second chapter: lighting and lighting standards

Types of lighting fixtures
In urban landscape, lighting systems are used in a variety of lamps, and for different landscape
types, we should choose the lamps and lanterns in coordination with [Link] of lamps in the city
landscape is: road lamps, garden lights, high pole lamps, sculpture landscape lamp, LED lamp, lawn
lamp, floor lamps, wall lamp, underground lamp, underwater lamp, LED lamp, LED lamp with
curtain wall etc.
Evolution history and trend of lighting system in urban landscape
Lighting in the urban landscape design has gone through three processes, before 1997 for the
germination period, lighting only to meet the needs of life, 1997 to 2004 for the growth
[Link] system of parks and tourist attractions such as the landscape environment began to
rise, since 2004 the prosperous period, all kinds of new technologies, new style lamps used in many
big cities all over the city and building "night" tour mode.
Lighting system standards
The design standard of landscape lighting for city parks is shown in Table 1,and the standard for
design of urban road lighting is shown in Table 2.

Copyright © 2018, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press.

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license ([Link] 1024
 Advances in Engineering Research, volume 120

Table 1. Design standard of landscape lighting for city parks

Lighting lamps
Landscape lamp type
Power (W) type Height (M) Spacing (M)
With masks 150 High pressure sodium lamp 3.5-4.5 18-20
yard lamp
No mask 150 Sodium lamp and metal halide lamp 3.5-4.5 16
Lawn lamp 36 or 70 Sodium halide lamp 0.5-0.8 5-7
Floodlight 250 Metal halide lamp - -
Buried lamp 20 Sodium lamp 0.1-0.2 1.8-2

Table 2. Standard for design of urban road lighting

Pavement luminance Pavement illumination
Average Lamps and
level Road type brightness Total Longitudinal Average lanterns
Evenness selection
(Cd/square uniformity uniformity illuminance
meters)
The main road
(including the Yingbin
Road, the main road
Light cut or
leading to government
half light
I offices and large public 1.5/2.0 0.4 0.7 20/30 0.4
lamps and
buildings, is located in
lanterns
the center of the city,
behind the commercial
center road)
II Secondary roads 10/15 0.35 semi-cut-off
0.75/1.0 0.4 0.5 lamps and
lanterns
III Access Rd 8/10 0.3 semi-cut-off
0.5/0.75 0.4 - lamps and
lanterns

The third chapter lighting lighting system and landscape design

Lighting and plant landscape
In the garden landscape, plants play an important role, act as its hair, is a soft [Link] urban
landscape design, plants are used in many places, and the species of plants are also varied. The colors
are rich, and the harmony of plant landscape and lighting can produce very good artistic [Link]
cities with plants as the main body to create three-dimensional landscape with lights, in the city's
vertical landscape at night there are bright [Link], more three-dimensional lighting landscape
to form a city features. Lamps and lanterns choose LED lamp belt to surround a plant to model more
is shown in Fig 1.

Figure 1. Lights and plants

Lighting and rockery landscape
The stone sett is a very important subject in the garden landscape, and the selection of stone
materials is very important to the final landscape,rare stones such as thin, wrinkled, leaky and
transparent are [Link] the city landscape design, the stone is used with the park and municipal area,

1025
 Advances in Engineering Research, volume 120

forming integration with the natural landscape, with light color changeable, full of fantastic feeling,
[Link] is the embodiment of the solemn atmosphere of the municipal work area, choose a single
piece of stone, night lighting equipment using simple color, contrast the stone mountain landscape
and calm atmosphere, the work area of the fusion of [Link] addition, many hotels are placed
in the doorway of rockery, day and night in the light of great momentum, under the effect of added
some soft, different colors of light through the natural cave, rockery stone to wear clothes, to enhance
the grade of hotel. Choose spotlights to create atmosphere, light, soft and harmonious with the main
environment is shown in Fig 2.

Figure 2. Lights and rockery

Lighting, lighting and water landscape
Water is good for all things, and no dispute, it is smart and changeable nature of the landscape to
become lively and [Link] the city landscape design, water landscape for active region city
population is more intensive, some landscape along the lake, the light is selected and soft colors,
contrast the lake quiet atmosphere; some fountain set to landscape, lighting and mobility, a sense of
rhythm features and changing style derived from a variety of landscape, such as lighting the music
fountain, with water and music perfect rhythm, plus light, simple fountain landscape becomes rich
and interesting, to attract more visitors viewing [Link] the water landscape, use waterproof
spotlights, placed at the bottom of the pool, Led lamp belt around the pool wall, and water landscape
coordination and matching, the color will be in accordance with specific occasions to make color or
single color selection is shown in Fig 3.

Figure 3. Lights and water landscape

Lighting, structures, buildings
An important role as a skeleton in landscape architecture, landscape wall, door, corridor, pavilion,
pavilion, is the best way to transfer cultural markers, and they show the charm of the lights will be
exhaustive. In modern landscapes, lighting has more emphasis on the [Link] the urban landscape
design, the forms of structure, building and lighting match are the most diverse, and the types of
lamps are more abundant, and the final effect are more [Link] the city's residential area, the
entrance is equipped with a view wall of lighting, and the momentum at night is less than during the
[Link] the center of the city edifice side facade installation LED wall lights, not only lit up the night,
when the holidays can also reflect the theme of city lights to transform different characteristics, night
viewing effect is very good, increase the sense of fashion for the city is shown in Fig 4.

1026
 Advances in Engineering Research, volume 120

Figure 4. Lighting and architecture

Lighting and lighting landscape
Where there is light, there will be shadows, and if the light and shade are skillfully matched, a new
landscape will be [Link] the city landscape design, the use of lighting the landscape sketches the
shadow of injection positions during the day to see the shadow of night landscape landscape static,
and create another kind of atmosphere, sunlight and shade people unlimited reverie in the city at
[Link] light and shade landscape in parks, leisure areas to create, use Led spotlights illuminate
the shadow, the use of lawn lights and other small light sources, foil atmosphere.

Fourth chapter lighting lighting system in landscape design application standard

Application standards of lighting in plant landscape design
The application of lighting in the plant landscape design, the main consideration to the
coordination with the plant itself characteristics, and the selection of lamps will not cause harm to the
plants, such as some high luminosity high heat lamp and the lamp is not suitable for plant
[Link] to different types and colors of the plants, the choice of lamps to match, taboo
light is too bright and robbed the plant landscape plant landscape status, as the body, the lights should
be to increase the role of embellishment and bright contrast, the beauty of the shape of plants.
Lighting applications in rockery landscape design standards
The application of lighting in the rockery landscape design, taking into account the rockery shape
and texture of rocks is divided into natural and artificial creation, there are many types of material,
the hardness and the transmittance of each stone is different in the choice of lamps to fully consider
these [Link] each stone of different colors, lighting choices should be coordinated with them to
form the artistic effect of lighting and rockery. The lights in the light rockery form, from different
angles and lighting, reflect the texture bump stone, rockery landscape create magnificent momentum.
Application standards of lighting in water landscape design
The lighting application for the water landscape design, to take into account the features in the
form of water, light application for water landscape should be taken into account when each forms of
the water landscape water amount and flow variables, to choose the lamp itself has waterproof
function, according to the arrangement of different lamps the water landscape location, select
underground lights in the water in the water features, choose water lights, color yellow and white,
plain light, reflected in the clear water [Link] the design of the fountain landscape, color lamps
can be selected to adjust the color with the form of water injection. It is not suitable to choose large
light sources such as projection lamps, etc. to destroy the quiet beauty of the water landscape.
Lighting standards applied in landscape design of buildings and structures
When lighting is applied for the landscape design of buildings and structures, the volume and
location of buildings and structures, as well as the history of the building itself should be taken into
[Link] classical gardens, light is applied to the structure of the landscape. It is better to choose
simple atmospheric colors, light sources, light ranges, and soft [Link] the application of light
material in the landscape design of large structures, suitable for lighting the high degree of structures
according to the location choice of the color of the light, in the crowded area, select the colorful lights
in public places and other more serious place, choose a single [Link] the lights in the urban

1027
 Advances in Engineering Research, volume 120

architectural landscape design, select LED lights, form a large area of lighting landscape in the
building, create a sequence sense, and highlight the characteristics of urban architecture.
Lighting applications in light and shade landscape design standards
When lighting is applied for the design of light and shade, we should take into account the
projection ratio of light and shadow, and the environment atmosphere created by the light and shade
landscapes. The main light in landscape design for plants, sculpture and structures, the most abundant
plant shadow, lighting lighting projection lamps suitable for the selection of the angle is very
important, find the light objects forming the shadow best position. Underground light can also be
used to illuminate the landscape objects, forming a rear projection landscape.

Conclusions
Based on the analysis of the application of lighting system in landscape design, combined with the
existing lighting standards, the application of standard lighting in landscape design, a method of
forming the city landscape design landscape lighting, after the city landscape construction landscape
lighting design specification, to follow the nature as the base, to achieve low power consumption,
low pollution, high reflection of city landscape lighting design beauty. In the various forms of urban
landscape design, the landscape as the main body, lighting as an auxiliary, so that the landscape at
night to show the city face, lighting and lighting systems and landscape design.

Acknowledgement
This paper is supported by the following projects:Innovation environment and platform construction
(No.5075231016/005);Beijing Collaborative innovation center for eco-environmental improvement
with forestry and fruittrees (CEFF-PXM2017_014207_000043);"Internet plus" driven by the
research on the upgrading and transformation of the rural tourism industry(No.15JGB055).

Literature References
[1] Fan Shifu..2004.. The development direction of "light culture" in urban lighting. Journal of
illuminating engineering
[2] Kong Haiyan, Yuan Yuan,.2004., garden lighting. Beijing. China Forestry Publishing House
[3] Li Nong,.2010. light changes urban lighting planning and design exploration and practice.
Beijing. Science Press
[4] Liang Zheng.2010. city planning: from green to low carbon construction technology.
[5] Horse.2007. garden night landscape research. Master thesis. Yangling: Northwest Agriculture
and Forestry University
[6] Zhang Meng. [Master Thesis] Application of lighting art in urban green space in Xi'an
[7] Wang Jianhua..2003.. The basic principles of city nightscape lighting planning. Urban issues
Honkonen [Link] of [Link] and Landscape
[8] Honkonen [Link] of [Link] and Landscape

1028