THE HONG KONG POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENCES

APSS1L01 Tomorrow’s Leaders

Lecture Outline

Subject Code : APSS1L01

Subject Title : Tomorrow’s Leaders

Lecture Two : Self-Leadership

Rationale

Self-leadership is a process about how people influence themselves to achieve self-

direction and self-motivation to perform their tasks and work (Manz, 1986; Manz &
Neck, 2004). Self-leadership is also about leading one’s own behaviours and thoughts
through the use of behavioural and cognitive strategies (Manz, 1986; Manz & Neck,
2004). These strategies are categorized into three dimensions, behavioural-focused
strategies, natural reward strategies, and constructive thought patterns strategies
(Manz & Neck, 2004; Prussia, Anderson, & Manz, 1998). Researches across diverse
settings have shown that the practices of effective self-leadership strategies lead to
many benefits including enhanced perceptions of purpose and self-determination,
improved job motivation and performance, higher productivity and satisfaction in
both academic and working environments (Houghton & Jinkerson, 2007; Houghton &
Manz, 2003; Lovelace, Manz, & Alves, 2007; Neck, Nouri, Houghton, & Godwin,
2003; Prussia, Anderson, & Manz, 1998). Self-leadership meets the needs for students
and professions in the 21st century. To lead others, successful leaders must be able to
lead themselves first. Given the importance of self-leadership, university students,
leaders of our future, should learn to become self-leaders before entering to the
society.

The objectives of this lecture are:

1. To enable students to learn the concepts and theories of self-leadership and
self-identity;
2. To enable students to understand the importance of self-leadership;
3. To enable students to relate self-leadership to different professions;
4. To enable students to apply self-leadership in daily lives as university students
and future professions; and
5. To help students to reflect on their self-leadership skills.

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Required Reading:

Carmeli, A., Meitar, R., & Weisberg, J. (2006). Self-leadership skills and innovative
behavior at work. International journal of manpower, 27(1), 75-90.

D'Intino, R. S., Goldsby, M. G., Houghton, J. D., & Neck, C. P. (2007). Self-
leadership: A process for entrepreneurial success. Journal of leadership &
organizational studies, 13(4), 105-120.

References:

Blanchard, K. H., & Nelson, R. B. (1993). Situational Leadership after 25 years: A

retrospective. Journal of Leadership Studies, 1(1), 21-36.

Carmeli, A., Meitar, R., & Weisberg, J. (2006). Self-leadership skills and innovative

behavior at work. International journal of manpower, 27(1), 75-90.

Cooley, C. H. (1902). Human nature and the social order. New York: Charles

Scribner’s Sons.

Dewey, J. (1997). Democracy and education: An introduction to the philosophy of

education. New York: Simon & Schuster.

Eseryel, Y., Bakker, D., & Eseryel, D. (2014). Information technology self-leadership
and innovation. Journal of Leadership and Management, 2(2).

Houghton, J. D., & Manz, C. C. (2003). Self-leadership and super leadership. Shared
leadership: Reframing the hows and whys of leadership, 10(1), 123-140.

Houghton, J. D., & Jinkerson, D. L. (2007). Constructive thought strategies and job
satisfaction: A preliminary examination. Journal of Business and Psychology,
22(1), 45-53.

James, W. (1890). Psychology. New York: Fawcett.

Jooste, K., & Cairns, L. (2014). Comparing nurse managers and nurses' perceptions of
nurses' self‐leadership during capacity building. Journal of nursing
management, 22(4), 532-539.
Kegan, R. (1994). In over our heads: The mental demands of modern life. Harvard
University Press.
Klenke, K. (2007). Authentic leadership: A self, leader, and spiritual identity

perspective. International Journal of Leadership Studies, 3(1), 68-97.

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Lapsley, D. K., & Power, F. C. (2012). Self, ego, and identity: Integrative approaches.
San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler.

Lovelace, K. J., Manz, C. C., & Alves, J. C. (2007). Work stress and leadership
development: The role of self-leadership, shared leadership, physical fitness and
flow in managing demands and increasing job control. Human Resource
Management Review, 17, 374-387.

Manz, C. C. (1983). Improving performance through self‐leadership. National

productivity review, 2(3), 288-297.

Manz, C. C. (1986). Self-leadership: Toward an expanded theory of self-influence

processes in organizations. Academy of Management Review, 11, 585-600.

Manz, C. C., & Neck, C. P. (2004). Mastering self-leadership: Empowering yourself

for personal excellence (3rd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice-Hall.

Manz, C. C., & Sims, H. P. Jr. (2001). New super leadership: Leading others to lead
themselves. San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler.

Marcia, J. E. (1966). Development and validation of ego-identity status. Journal of

personality and social psychology, 3(5), 551.

Markham, S. E., & Markham, I. S. (1995). Self-management and self-leadership re-

examined: A levels-of-analysis perspective. The Leadership Quarterly, 6(3),
343-359.

Markus, H., & Wurf, E. (1987). The dynamic self-concept: A social psychological
perspective. Annual Review of Psychology, 38, 299-337.

Mead, G.. H. (1934). Mind, self and society. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Megheirkouni, M. (2018). Self-leadership strategies and career success: insight on

sports organizations. Sport, Business and Management: An International
Journal, 8(4), 393-409.

Neck, C. P., & Houghton, J. D. (2006). Two decades of self-leadership theory and
research: Past developments, present trends, and future possibilities. Journal of
Managerial Psychology, 21(4), 270-295.

Neck, C. P., & Manz, C. C. (1996). Thought self-leadership: The impact of mental
strategies training on employee behaviour, cognition, and emotion. Journal of
Organizational Behaviour, 17, 445-467.

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 Neck, C. P., Nouri, H., Houghton, J. D., & Godwin, J. L. (2003). How self-leadership
affects the goal setting process. Human Resource Management Review, 13, 691-
708.

Paul, R., & Cowe Falls, L. (2015). Engineering leadership education: A review of best

practices. Journal of professional issues in engineering education and practice,

117(2), 115-130.

Prussia, G. E., Anderson, J. S., & Manz, C. C. (1998). Self‐leadership and

performance outcomes: the mediating influence of self‐efficacy. Journal of
Organizational Behaviour, 19(5), 523-538.

Smith, P. L. (1992). Professionalism: cornerstone of engineering. Journal of

professional issues in engineering education and practice, 118(3), 258-260.

Stets, J. E., & Burke, P. J. (2003). A sociological approach to self and identity. In M.

R. Leary, & J. P. Tangney (Eds.), Handbook of Self and Identity (pp. 128-152).

New York: The Guilford Press.

Walumba, F. O., Wu, C., & Orwa, B. (2008). Contingent reward transactional

leadership, work attitudes and OCB: The role of procedural justice climate

perceptions and strength. The Leadership Quarterly, 19, 251-265.

Wastlund, E., Norlander, T., & Archer, T. (2001). Exploring cross-cultural differences

in self-concept: A meta-analysis of the Self-Description Questionnaire. Cross-

cultural research, 35(3), 280-302.

***** Mottos & Quotes *****

“Rule your mind or it will rule you.”

- Horace
65 BC – 8 BC
(A Roman poet)
Source:
Horace quotes. (n.d.). Retrieved from [Link]

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