REVIEWER (LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL)
RA 1425 or Rizal Law
• Enacted on June 12,1956
• May
• President Ramon Magsaysay
• Claro M Recto- main proponent of the Rizal Bill
9 people/heroes nominated
1. Dr. Jose Rizal
2. Gat Andres Bonifacio
3. Pres. Emilio Aguinaldo- first president
4. Apolinario Mabini- KKK
5. Marcelo H. Del Pillar- reformist
6. Sultan Dipatuan Kudarat
7. Juan Luna- famous painter (Spoliarium)
8. Melchora “Tandang Sora” Aquino
9. Gabriela Silang- known for bravery
Opposed by the church
Canon law- the church is separated by the government
Leonor Rivera (Maria Clara)
Segunda Katigbak- First love of Rizal
Noli Me and El Fili was robbed in the national museum.
Alejandro Roces- returned the books for ransom money
Noli me- 333 passages
El Fili- 170 reading
-50 passages
❖ Rizal was born during 19th Century (Modernity)
-Economic Status
-political status
-Social and cultural
-Rizal was executed at DAPITAN, December 30, 1896
Antonio Luna- Karibal ni Rizal
3 GREAT REVOLUTION
1. Industrial Revolution
-Modernity
-middle class-illustrado, peninsulares, insulares mestizo
2. French Revolution
-political views/church
-freedom
-The Filipinos, inspired by the ideals of liberty, equality, and self-determination, began to
question Spanish colonial rule and demand political reforms.
3. American Revolution
-social and cultural.
-Monarchy
American- education (new education system)
-Sphere of Influence (has power to affect developments although it has no formal authority.)
Peninsulares- highest class
-spaniards born in Spain
Insulares- Spaniards born in the Philippines
Spanish-mestizo- offspring of spanish and filipinos
Chinese-mestizo- migrated to philippines
Indio- inhabitant in the archipelago
-Filipinos
Mestizo de Sangley- Chinese Filipino
Tornatras Spain-Filipino-Chinese (illustrado Rizal)
GOMBURZA
1. Mariano Gómez (89 years old)
2. Don Jose Burgos (35 years old)
3. Don Jacinto Zamora (37 years old).
Executed in Bagumbayan Field on 17th of February 1872.
Birth of Filipino Nationalism
1. Opening of the Philippines (world trade)
❖ 4K to BK (Spaniards)
Suez Canal-forced labor
-galleon trade/trade of Acapulco
-Red sea and Mediterranean Sea<Spain and Philippines<1 month (32-40 days)
-Cape of Good Hope 3 months
World Trade- China, Mexico, India
2. Enlightened Middle Class
❖ Idea to have propaganda
❖ Dr. Jose Rizal, Marcelo H. D.P, Lucas’ brothers, Jose Maria Panganiban, Maria Ponce,
Pedro Paterno
3. Spanish Revolution (1868)
4. Suez Canal
5. Influence of Liberal Ideas
6. Cavite Mutiny (1872) (accusation)
7. Martyrdom of GOMBURZA
Rizal’s Life: Family, Childhood and Early Childhood Education
Jose Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda
❖ (Ute/Pepe)
❖ 7/11
Date of Birth: June 19, 1861
Birthplace: Calamba, Laguna
Place of Baptism: Town’s Church
Officiating Priest during Baptism: Father Rufino Collantes
“The Moth”
Doña Teodora Alonso y Realonda (Aling Lolay)
• Rizal’s mother
• Rizal’s First teacher
• She gave the name “Jose” to Rizal since she was a devotee of Patron Saint San Jose
Date of Birth: Nov. 9, 1827
Date of Death: Aug. 6, 1911 (84)
Birthplace: Meisik, Tondo, Manila
School: Colegio de Santa Rosa
-A disciplinarian, dedicated, courteous and a hard-working mother.
Don Francisco Mercado y Alejandro (Mang Kikoy)
• -gave the second name of Rizal “Protasio” as near to “protesto” as he thinks wise to
spell it.
May 11, 1818-January 5, 1898
Place of Birth: Biñan, Laguna
School: Colegio de San Jose
-a productive farmer from Binan, Laguna.
-a lieutenant governor in Calamba
Siblings:
• Saturnina- Neneng
• Paciano- Accompanied Rizal when he enrolled in schools
-Joined the Philippine Revolution and became a combat general
-died 79 because of Tuberculosis.
• Narcisa- Sisa
-could narrate Rizal’s poem
• Olympia- Ypia
• Lucia
• Maria
• Jose Rizal
• Concepcion- Concha
-died at 3 yrs old
-became the first sorrow of Rizal.
• Josefa- died as an old maid
• Trinidad-died as an old maid at 83
-only sister of Rizal who saw her country free and independent
• Soldedad- youngest
-the bible at that time is known as “Historia Sagrada”
Jose grew up in a two-story house built in stone that was typical of homes of notable families
at that time.
Camarin: a vast storehouse where rice and sugar was kept.
Regular meals of the family: relleno, adobo, estofado, puchero, morcon, tinola, fried
chicken, ayungin, pansit, Sardinas secasor tuyo.
Jose’s Favorite: carne asada or beef steak accompanied by a delicious sauce and
champorado.
• Their house has a private library consisted of more than 1,000 volumes of books.
Mercados and Alonsos belonged to the principalia.
-They were the illustrados. They owned the most extensive built-in library in Calamba
• Jose’s pets- donkey named “Alipato” dog named “Usman”
• Jose wrote a poem entitled “Un Recuerdo A Mi Pueblo” (In Memory of my Town)
• Jose was designed by nature to be an artist at 5 years old. His uncle, Jose Alberto, a
fine artist, helped him develop his innate gift in arts.
• Uncle Gregorio, a tireless reader, helped Jose learn 20 languages in his later life.
• Uncle Manuel, a sports and fitness enthusiast, encouraged him to nurture his frail
body by way of athletic drills, martial arts, and physical exercises.
• Father Leoncio Lopez, a parish priest, influenced in building Jose’s character.
Rizal paid tribute to this priest in his later life in his novels Noli Me and El Fili.
9 years old Jose was sent to school for boys in Binan Laguna
Separate schools for girls and boys because girls are very conservative
Rizal was punished by Senior Justiniano Aquino Cruz
Her mom was accused of poisoning the wife of her Uncle Alberto
Doña Teodora was forced to walk for 50km, and she was in jail for 2 years right
after that nakalaya na 2 years after because of Soledad.
Jose Rizal- 3yrs old knows how to write, read and pray.
Doña Teodora - his first teacher, first tutor, first to discover the talent of Rizal
Private tutors
1. Maestro Celestino- Jose Rizal’s first tutor
2. Lucas Padua- Jose Rizal’s second tutor
3. Leon Monroy- Former classmate of his father
-Jose Rizal’s elder tutor
Jose was taught Spanish and Latin by this old Teacher, Leon Monroy who lived at the
Rizal House but five months later, he passed away. The death of Leon Monroy caused
Jose’s parents to send their nine-year-old Jose to a private school in Biñan
Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz
• was a strict Disciplinarian.
• was a former teacher of Paciano (Rizal’s brother)
The 2 Bullies
• Pedro and Andres Salandanan (bully students and biñan boys) Pedro are making fun
of him and Rizal challenge Pedro to a fight.
• Jose learned the art of wrestling from his athletic Uncle Manuel.
• Jose Rizal wasn’t a quarrelsome person by nature, but he never shied away from a
fight.
School
• Jose Rizal passed the exam in Letran, but they decided to go to Ateneo de
Municipal for his High School life.
• He went to Ateneo de Manila for college, and it was headed by the prayle and has
jesuits system and its a strict school
• Jose Rizal was almost unable to enter the school because of late registration and
he was sickly, and his age doesn’t fit to his height and also, he was not accepted
by the registrar but when someone told the registrar that he was the favorite student
of Father burgos, thats why he got into that school.
